Meitei architecture: Difference between revisions

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'''"Meitei architecture"''' or '''"Manipuri architecture"''' is the [[architecture]], produced by the [[Meitei ethnicity]] in [[Ancient Manipur]] from the middle of the fifteenth century BC.<ref>https://www.webindia123.com/MANIPUR/ART/index.html</ref>
{{Short description|Architecture of the Meitei people}}
[[File:Temple of Sanamahi.jpg|thumb|center|The architecture of [[Iputhou Pakhangba Laishang]] inside the [[Kangla]].]]
[[File:Temple_at_Kangla.jpg|thumb|300px|The ancient Meitei temple of Lord [[Pakhangba]] restored in 2007 inside the [[Kangla Palace]], [[Manipur]]]]
[[File:Knagla_fort,_manipur,_India.jpg|thumb|center|upright=2.5|The architecture of the Inner Entrance Gate, along with the statues of a pair of [[Kanglasha]]s, the dragon lions, inside the [[Kangla]], the old [[metropolis]] of [[Ancient Manipur]].]]
'''Meitei architecture''' or '''Manipuri architecture''' is the [[architecture]] produced by the [[Meitei people|Meitei speaking people]], whose culture flourished in the [[Kangleipak]] kingdom and its neighbouring kingdoms from the middle of the fifteenth century BC.  
The major architectural designs and styles include traditional Meitei Yumjao (lit. Large House),<ref>http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Scientific_Principles_of_Ancient_Manipuri_Yumjao_House_and_its_Courtyard_By_Khwairakpam_Gajananda</ref><ref>http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageSelector.asp?src=Meitei_Yumjao_The_Endangered_Art&heading=&mx=&ch=manipur&sub1=Arts_and_Culture&sub2=</ref> Sanglen (lit. Public House) and others.<ref>https://www.webindia123.com/MANIPUR/ART/index.html</ref>
The Meitei architecture is best known for its temples (Laishang, Kiyong, Thellon), found scattered in the [[Kangleipak]] (present day [[Manipur]]). Other architectural forms that are still in existence are the grand gates (Hojang), Traditional houses (Yumjao), Public houses (Sanglen), Official buildings (Loishang), etc.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=education.Scientific_Papers.Scientific_Principles_of_Ancient_Manipuri_Yumjao_House_and_its_Courtyard_By_Khwairakpam_Gajananda|title=Scientific Principles of Ancient Manipuri Yumjao House and its Courtyard By Khwairakpam Gajananda|website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>[http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=℅20manipur.Arts_and_Culture.Meitei_Yumjao_The_Endangered_Art]{{dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref>


==Related pages==
==Influence==
# [[Meitei temples]]
# [[Kangla]]
# [[Iputhou Pakhangba Laishang]]
# [[Sana Konung]]
# [[Langthabal Konung]]
# [[Bihu Loukon]]


==Further reading==
Due to the arrival of [[Hinduism]] in the kingdom of [[Kangleipak]] (present day [[Manipur]]), the form of architecture was greatly influenced during the 16-17th century AD. Hundreds of [[Vaishnava]] temples were built in the kingdom with a mixed architectural design of both the traditional Meitei architecture and Mainland [[Indian architecture]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahapedia.org/the-vaishnava-temples-of-manipur-historical-study|title=The Vaishnava Temples of Manipur: An Historical Study|website=Sahapedia}}</ref>
* https://architexturez.net/doc/az-cf-21183
* https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318060629_Architecture_of_the_Kangla_palace_Manipur
* http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=leisure.EI.Old_Imphal_town_and_Meitei_Yumjao_By_Irengbam_Mohendra


==Sources==
==Styles==
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=E_ycAAAAMAAJ&dq=meitei+architecture&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=manipuri+architecture
 
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=LDhuAAAAMAAJ&q=meitei+architecture&dq=meitei+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwibm_q-8LzvAhVVWX0KHWurBas4FBDoATAAegQIAhAD
The [[temples]] and other [[buildings]] built in Meitei architecture is easily distinguished by the Holy Chirong ([[Horn (anatomy)|horns]]), attached on the top of the [[roof]]. Some of the significant examples are easily seen in the [[Hiyangthang Lairembi Temple]] and [[Sanamahi Kiyong Temple]].<ref>{{cite web | title=SANAMAHI KIYONG TEMPLE - India | website=IMPHAL EAST DISTRICT, GOVERNMENT OF MANIPUR | date=2018-07-20 | url=https://imphaleast.nic.in/tourist-place/sanamahi_kiyong/ | access-date=2020-11-17}}</ref>
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1DtuAAAAMAAJ&q=meitei+architecture&dq=meitei+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwibm_q-8LzvAhVVWX0KHWurBas4FBDoATACegQIBxAD
There are styles of engraving animal figures on the walls of the buildings, especially the figures of bulls, Buffalo, etc. are mainly found.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.webindia123.com/MANIPUR/ART/index.html|title=Arts and Architecture of manipur|website=Webindia123.com}}</ref>
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vhU1AAAAIAAJ&q=manipuri+architecture&dq=manipuri+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjdhpnw8LzvAhXTZSsKHWr8CkcQ6AEwBHoECAkQAw
 
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=X84BAAAAMAAJ&q=manipuri+architecture&dq=manipuri+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjdhpnw8LzvAhXTZSsKHWr8CkcQ6AEwBXoECAIQAw
==Gallery==
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=aFluAAAAMAAJ&q=manipur+architecture&dq=manipur+architecture&hl=en&sa=X&sqi=2&pjf=1&ved=2ahUKEwjBlJij8bzvAhUKWX0KHQ09BksQ6AEwAHoECAUQAw
<gallery class="center" widths="140px" heights="145px">
File:Shri_Govindajee_Temple.JPG|A Vaishnava temple at [[Imphal]]
File:Mondum-mahadeva.jpg|A Hindu temple at [[Kakching Khunou]], [[Manipur]]
File:Shree_Govindaji_temple,_Manipur.jpg|A Hindu temple at [[Imphal]]
File:IBUDHOU_PAKHANG_LAISENG_AT_KAKCHING_GARDEN.jpg|An ancient temple at [[Kakching]], [[Manipur]]
File:The_Kangla_Gate.JPG|The Western Gate of [[Kangla Palace]], [[Imphal]]
File:Kangla_Fort_Complex,_Imphal_(75).jpeg|The ruins of old temple inside the [[Kangla Palace]], [[Imphal]]
File:Gopinath_Temple_-_Ningthoukhong,_Manipur_(India).jpg|A [[Meitei people|Meitei]] [[Hindu]] temple at [[Ningthoukhong]], [[Manipur]]
File:Kangla5.jpg|Old ruins at [[Kangla Palace]]
File:Bihu_Loukon_-_Starfort.jpg|[[Bihu Loukon]], aerial view
File:Ibudhou-khamlangba-laikon.jpg|Grand gate of Shrine of Lord Khamlangba, with a holy horn in the top
File:MAHADEV_MANDIR_AT_KAKCHING_GARDEN.jpg|A Hindu temple in Meitei style at [[Kakching]]
</gallery>
 
==See also==
* [[Shree Govindajee Temple]]
* [[Ningthoukhong Gopinath Mandir]]
* [[Sacred Jackfruit Tree]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Architecture]]
 
{{Asia-stub}}
{{Architecture of India}}
 
[[Category:Indian architectural history]]
[[Category:Indian architectural styles]]
[[Category:History of Manipur]]
[[Category:Meitei culture]]

Revision as of 07:24, 26 April 2021


The ancient Meitei temple of Lord Pakhangba restored in 2007 inside the Kangla Palace, Manipur

Meitei architecture or Manipuri architecture is the architecture produced by the Meitei speaking people, whose culture flourished in the Kangleipak kingdom and its neighbouring kingdoms from the middle of the fifteenth century BC. The Meitei architecture is best known for its temples (Laishang, Kiyong, Thellon), found scattered in the Kangleipak (present day Manipur). Other architectural forms that are still in existence are the grand gates (Hojang), Traditional houses (Yumjao), Public houses (Sanglen), Official buildings (Loishang), etc.[1][2]

Influence

Due to the arrival of Hinduism in the kingdom of Kangleipak (present day Manipur), the form of architecture was greatly influenced during the 16-17th century AD. Hundreds of Vaishnava temples were built in the kingdom with a mixed architectural design of both the traditional Meitei architecture and Mainland Indian architecture.[3]

Styles

The temples and other buildings built in Meitei architecture is easily distinguished by the Holy Chirong (horns), attached on the top of the roof. Some of the significant examples are easily seen in the Hiyangthang Lairembi Temple and Sanamahi Kiyong Temple.[4] There are styles of engraving animal figures on the walls of the buildings, especially the figures of bulls, Buffalo, etc. are mainly found.[5]

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Scientific Principles of Ancient Manipuri Yumjao House and its Courtyard By Khwairakpam Gajananda". www.e-pao.net.
  2. ↑ [1][dead link]
  3. ↑ "The Vaishnava Temples of Manipur: An Historical Study". Sahapedia.
  4. ↑ "SANAMAHI KIYONG TEMPLE - India". IMPHAL EAST DISTRICT, GOVERNMENT OF MANIPUR. 2018-07-20. Retrieved 2020-11-17.
  5. ↑ "Arts and Architecture of manipur". Webindia123.com.
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