Pakhangba

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God Pakhangba depicted as a serpentine dragon in the flag of Manipur

Pakhangba (Meitei: ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ) or Pakhangpa (Old Manipuri: ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ) is a primordial God in Meitei mythology, folklore and religion (Sanamahism). He is often depicted in the form of a dragon, a snake or a serpentine dragon.^[1] He is the youngest son of Atingkok and the only biological son of goddess Leimarel Sidabi, the supreme mother earth.^[2]

Legend says he is the forefather of the seven clans of the Meitei people, which are Mangang (ꯃꯉꯥꯡ), Luwang (ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ), Khuman (ꯈꯨꯃꯟ), Angom (ꯑꯉꯣꯝ), Moilang (ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ), Kha Nganpa (ꯈꯥ ꯉꯥꯟꯄ) and Salai Leishangthem (ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ). The seven clans are

Clan names	Romanization
ꯃꯉꯥꯡ	Mangang
ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ	Luwang
ꯈꯨꯃꯟ	Khuman
ꯑꯉꯣꯝ	Angom
ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ	Moilang
ꯈꯥ ꯉꯥꯟꯄ	Kha Nganpa
ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ	Salai Leishangthem

The Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Amailon Pukok Puya (Old Manipuri: ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯥꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯥꯢꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ; Meitei: ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ), one of the oldest known Meitei scriptures, mentions the God. It was written in 1398 BC. So, it is clearly evident that his pantheon existed right from the 15th century BC (3500 years ago) in Antique Kangleipak (Ancient Manipur).

Many rulers of different ruling dynasties in Ancient Manipur, Medieval Manipur and Modern Manipur claimed themselves to be the descendants of the so called deity. There were many chiefs, kings and emperors of different chiefdoms, kingdoms and empires of different eras, who used the term "Pakhangba" as their own names or as a part of their names. One of the most popular example is King Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (33 AD-154 AD), the first ruler of the Ningthouja dynasty to sit on the throne of the Kangla in Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak).^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Another popular instance is King Tangja Leela Pakhangba (Meitei: ꯇꯥꯡꯖ ꯂꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ), originally Tang Cha Lee La Pakhangpa (Old Manipuri: ꯇꯥꯡ ꯆꯥ ꯂꯤ ꯂ ꯄꯥ ꯈꯪꯄ, romanized: Taang Chaa Lee La Paa Khangpa; (1445 BC-1405 BC), who is regarded as the first king of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak) civilization.^[7] He is the father of King Ningthou Kangba (1405 BC-1359 BC) and the grandfather of King Maliyapham Palcha (Koi Koi) (1359 BC-1329 BC).^[8]^[9] He is the consort of Queen Sinbee Leima, the daughter of the chief of the Leihou tribe. The history of Manipur accounts for many kings with the name "Pakhangba", more or less having reference to God "Pakhangba", among which Tangja Leela Pakhangba is one.^[10]^[11]

Other websites[edit]

References[edit]

[1] ttp://manipuri.itgo.com/the_lais.html#pakhangba

[2] ttp://manipuri.itgo.com/the_lais.html#pakhangba

[3] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=wQlDAAAAYAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATAJegQICRAC

[4] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=Ws4BAAAAMAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATACegQIBhAC

[5] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZlgaAAAAYAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATAFegQIAxAC

[6] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=hzduAAAAMAAJ&q=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&dq=nongda+lairen+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjhou2L1uTuAhVMyYsBHYzUBI44ChDoATAIegQIABAC

[7] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ&dq=1445%E2%80%931405+Manipur&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=1445%E2%80%931405+taangja+leelaa+paakhangba

[8] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ&dq=Taangja+Leela+Paakhangba&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Taangja+Leela+Paakhangba+kaangba

[9] ttps://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/meiteikings.html#The%20Chronicle%20of%20the%20Meitei%20Kings%20of%20Manipur:

[10] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=S_4dAAAAMAAJ&q=tangja+leela+pakhangba&dq=tangja+leela+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjsnou96Z7xAhWE5nMBHeShAnIQ6AEwA3oECAkQAw

[11] ttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=gxqeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&dq=tangja+leela+pakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjsnou96Z7xAhWE5nMBHeShAnIQ6AEwAHoECAYQAw#v=onepage&q=tangja%20leela%20pakhangba&f=false

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