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{{Short description|Ethnic group}} | |||
{{Infobox ethnic group | {{Infobox ethnic group | ||
|group= Indians in Korea | | group = Indians in Korea | ||
| native_name = 한국에 있는 인도인<br>कोरिया में भारतीय | |||
|image= | | image = | ||
|caption= | | caption = | ||
|population= | | population = | ||
|popplace= | | popplace = | ||
|region1 | | region1 = South Korea | ||
|pop1 | | pop1 = 24,414 (2013) | ||
|ref1 | | ref1 = <ref name="Immigration.go.kr">{{citation|title=Major indicators of Korea|url=http://kosis.kr/statisticsList/statisticsList_01List.jsp?vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&parentId=A|publisher=Korean Statistical Information Service|publication-place=South Korea|year=2009|access-date=2011-03-21|page=262}}</ref> | ||
|region2 | | region2 = North Korea | ||
|pop2 | | pop2 = 586 (2015) | ||
|ref2 | | ref2 = <ref name="iom.int">{{cite web |url=https://www.iom.int/world-migration |title=World Migration | International Organization for Migration |publisher=Iom.int |access-date=March 25, 2017 |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501120652/https://www.iom.int/world-migration |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
|langs | | langs = [[Hindi]]{{·}}Other [[Languages of India|Indian languages]]{{·}}[[Korean language|Korean]] | ||
|rels | | rels = Majority [[Hinduism]] | ||
|related | | related = [[Indians in Japan]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Indians in Korea''' | '''Indians in Korea''' include the [[Indian diaspora|migrant diaspora]] from [[India]] to [[Korea]] and their locally-born descendants. A majority of them live in [[Seoul]] and [[Busan]], and smaller populations live in other parts of [[South Korea]]. The Indian population in [[North Korea]] is negligible, consisting of embassy staff and NGO members. | ||
The Government of India's Ministry of External Affairs estimates the Overseas Indian population to be about 17,000 in South Korea, as of 2025. It is reported that 16 Indian citizens live in North Korea, although official data is hard to verify.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population of Overseas Indians |url=https://www.mea.gov.in/population-of-overseas-indians.htm |website=Ministry of External Affairs}}</ref> During the [[Coronavirus pandemic]], India safely evacuated its embassy staff through a special Russia-bound train.<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19: India 'Temporarily Closes' Embassy in North Korea, Ambassador Leaves Country|url=https://thewire.in/diplomacy/covid-north-korea-pyongyang-atul-gotsurve-embassy-closes}}</ref> | |||
== History of Indian migration == | == History of Indian migration == | ||
===Malananta: the 4th century Indian Buddhist monk in Korea === | ===Malananta: the 4th century Indian Buddhist monk in Korea === | ||
{{Main|Malananta}} | {{Main|Malananta}} | ||
[[File:Buddhist Expansion.svg|thumb|right|300px|[[Silk Road transmission of Buddhism|Buddhist expansion in Asia]], from Buddhist heartland in [[northern India]] (dark orange) starting 5th century BCE, to Buddhist majority realm (orange), and historical extent of Buddhism influences (yellow). [[Mahayana|Mahāyāna]] (red arrow), [[Theravada|Theravāda]] (green arrow), and [[Tantra|Tantric]]-[[Vajrayana|Vajrayāna]] (blue arrow). The overland and maritime "Silk Roads" were interlinked and complementary, forming what scholars have called the "great circle of Buddhism".<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=Acri |author-first=Andrea |date=20 December 2018 |title=Maritime Buddhism |url=https://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-638 |encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion |location=[[Oxford]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.638 |isbn=9780199340378 |doi-access= | [[File:Buddhist Expansion.svg|thumb|right|300px|[[Silk Road transmission of Buddhism|Buddhist expansion in Asia]], from Buddhist heartland in [[northern India]] (dark orange) starting 5th century BCE, to Buddhist majority realm (orange), and historical extent of Buddhism influences (yellow). [[Mahayana|Mahāyāna]] (red arrow), [[Theravada|Theravāda]] (green arrow), and [[Tantra|Tantric]]-[[Vajrayana|Vajrayāna]] (blue arrow). The overland and maritime "Silk Roads" were interlinked and complementary, forming what scholars have called the "great circle of Buddhism".<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |author-last=Acri |author-first=Andrea |date=20 December 2018 |title=Maritime Buddhism |url=https://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-638 |encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion |location=[[Oxford]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.638 |isbn=9780199340378 |doi-access= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190219153342/https://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-638 |archive-date=19 February 2019 |url-status=live |access-date=30 May 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref>]] | ||
The two oldest extant histories of Korea [[Samguk yusa]] and [[Samguk Sagi | The two oldest extant histories of Korea, '[[Samguk yusa]]' and '[[Samguk Sagi]],' record the following three monks among the first to bring the [[Buddhist]] teaching, or [[Dharma]], to [[Korea]] in the 4th century during the [[Three Kingdoms of Korea|Three Kingdoms period]]. These mention the following monks: [[Malananta]] (मेघानंदा, Meghananda, Melananda or cloud monk)- an [[India]]n [[Buddhist]] monk who came via [[Serindian|the Serindian]] area of southern China's [[Jin Dynasty (265–420)|Eastern Jin Dynasty]]. He was received by the King [[Chimnyu of Baekje|Chimnyu]] of [[Baekje]] in the southern Korea in 384 CE.<ref>"Malananta bring Buddhism to Baekje" in ''Samguk Yusa'' III, Ha & Mintz translation, pp. 178-179.</ref><ref name=autogenerated9>{{Citation | ||
| last=Kim | | last=Kim | ||
| first=Won-yong | | first=Won-yong | ||
| Line 46: | Line 40: | ||
| jstor=3248029 | | jstor=3248029 | ||
}}, pg. 71</ref> | }}, pg. 71</ref> | ||
===Medieval period=== | |||
In the 14th century, the Buddhist monk of [[Nalanda]], [[Dhyānabhadra]], came to Korea during the [[Goryeo]] period. He played an important role in the development of [[Buddhism in Korea]] and upon his death, his relics were ordered by [[Gongmin of Goryeo]] to be brought to Korea where his followers built a stupa on top.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Huntley Grayson |first1=James |title=Korea: A Religious History |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781136869181 |page=99 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUf8AQAAQBAJ}}</ref> | |||
[[File:Dhyānabhadra.png|thumb|Portrait of Dhyānabhadra at Silleuksa]] | |||
===Korean War=== | ===Korean War=== | ||
| Line 52: | Line 50: | ||
[[File:1953.9.1 인도군 중립감시단 인천외항 도착 (7445971822).jpg|thumb|Indian troops of the [[Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission]] disembarking at [[Incheon]], 1 September 1953.]] | [[File:1953.9.1 인도군 중립감시단 인천외항 도착 (7445971822).jpg|thumb|Indian troops of the [[Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission]] disembarking at [[Incheon]], 1 September 1953.]] | ||
While the [[Indian army]] did not get involved | While the [[Indian army]] did not militarily get involved in the [[Korean War]], it sent a medical unit, the 60 Parachute Field Ambulance, which served in Korea for three and a half years (Nov 1950- May 1954), the longest single tenure by any military unit under the UN flag. | ||
They were involved in providing medical cover alternately to the US Army/ROK forces and the Commonwealth Division under the UN Command as well as the local civilians, and earned the informal title, "The Maroon Angels"{{ | They were involved in providing medical cover alternately to the US Army/ROK forces and the Commonwealth Division under the UN Command as well as the local civilians, and earned the informal title, "The Maroon Angels."{{citation needed|date=December 2021}}. The unit also looked after the [[North Korea]]n POWs. The unit provided an ADS and a surgical team (7 officers and 5 other ranks) during [[Operation Tomahawk]], an airborne operation launched on 21 March 1951 by the US Army's 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team. | ||
Towards the end of the Korean War in 1953, a reinforced [[brigade]] known as the Custodian Force of India was deployed for the repatriation of the prisoners of war and was deployed for almost two years (1953–54). | Towards the end of the Korean War in 1953, a reinforced [[brigade]] known as the Custodian Force of India was deployed for the repatriation of the prisoners of war and was deployed for almost two years (1953–54). | ||
=== | ===Postwar Korea=== | ||
[[South Korea]] | ====Economic Growth ==== | ||
After the Korean War, there remained only 1 Indian in South Korea, a [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP) employee until 1966, when an Indian student came to study at [[Seoul National University]]. In the late 1960s, South Korea started exporting heavily, attracting some Indian diaspora with [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] traders from Hong Kong and Singapore. In the 1980s, professionals began immigrating to South Korea, and in the 1990s, South Korean universities admitted Indian students for classes and research.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Tayal |first=Skand R. |title=India and the Republic of Korea: engaged democracies |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-138-02036-8 |location=New Delhi}}</ref> | |||
==Current Status== | |||
===Professional cooks=== | |||
Most of professional cooks usually work at restaurants in [[Seoul]], [[Busan]], [[Daegu]], and other cities. Some are hired by Korean owners of Indian restaurants and [[Hotel|hotels]], while others own their own restaurants.<ref name=":12" /> | |||
=== | ===Cultural exchange=== | ||
Technology has allowed for increased cultural exchange between India and Korea, leading to increased international engagement with Korean pop culture concerning both K-pop and K-dramas. Younger generations try to speak Korean and imitate Korean styles in India, especially in Manipur. The fascination with South Korea increases the interest of Indians in Korea who pursue paths like acting or the idol industry.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kanozia |first=Rubal |last2=Ganghariya |first2=Garima |date=2021-07-03 |title=Cultural proximity and hybridity: popularity of Korean pop culture in India |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01296612.2021.1902079 |journal=Media Asia |language=en |volume=48 |issue=3 |pages=219–228 |doi=10.1080/01296612.2021.1902079 |issn=0129-6612|url-access=subscription }}</ref> | |||
[[Korean Kanakaraju]] Became first Telugu film to be filmed in korea<ref>https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/movies/korean-kanakaraju-varun-tej-and-team-head-korea-to-shoot-the-last-leg-of-the-horror-comedy-report/ar-AA1YE5j3?ocid=BingNewsSerp</ref>.<ref>https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jun/14/varun-tej-set-to-commence-korea-schedule-for-vt15</ref> | |||
== | ==Organizations and associations== | ||
== | With a burgeoning Indian community exceeding 10000, several representative organizations in South Korea have been established in [[South Korea]]. Some notable communities that are active include | ||
*Indian Students and Researchers in South Korea (ISRK) - representing close to 4000 researchers, post-docs, and university students, conduct various cultural activities to foster unity as well as to spread awareness. | |||
*"IndiansInKorea" (also known as IIK) - more than 5000 members and is an umbrella organization for Indians living in Korea, organizing events for significant holidays <ref>{{Cite web |title=Indians in Korea {{!}} |url=https://indiansinkorea.com/inspire/ |access-date=2024-04-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
*Indian Association of Korea - mainly comprises working professionals | |||
*Annapurna Indian Women's Club (formerly known as the Indian Women's Association) - helps with community and cultural exchanges among Indians living in South Korea<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Rising India and Indian communities in East Asia |date=2008 |publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies |isbn=978-981-230-868-9 |editor-last=Kesavapany |editor-first=K. |location=Singapore |editor-last2=Mani |editor-first2=A. |editor-last3=Ramasamy |editor-first3=P.}}</ref> | |||
== Discrimination and racism == | |||
Indians in South Korea have reported experiencing various forms of racial discrimination in social, educational, and professional settings. Academic studies and media reports note that South Asian migrants, including Indians, often face negative stereotypes related to skin tone, socioeconomic status, and nationality. These attitudes can manifest in everyday interactions, such as reluctance from some Koreans to sit next to darker‑skinned foreigners on public transport or avoidance in social situations. Although many Indians describe positive experiences in the country, accounts of prejudice remain a recurring theme in surveys and interviews conducted among migrant communities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=[New Neighbors] Is S. Korea a racist country?|url=https://www.koreaherald.com/article/3352233|website=The Korea Herald|date=2024-03-20|access-date=2026-02-01|language=en|first=Lee|last=Jaeeun}}</ref> | |||
Several high-profile incidents have drawn public attention to discriminatory practices. In 2023, an Indian resident in Busan reported being denied entry to a nightclub that displayed a sign restricting access to Indian and Pakistani men, prompting widespread discussion on social media and coverage in Korean and international news outlets. Similar cases involving housing discrimination, workplace bias, and verbal harassment have been documented by migrant support organizations. These incidents have contributed to broader debates about xenophobia and the treatment of non‑white foreigners in South Korea.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indians Speak Out Against Racism in South Korea|url=https://decodetoday.com/indians-speak-out-against-racism-in-south-korea/|date=2024-01-06|access-date=2026-02-01|language=en-GB|first=Jovial|last=Jose}}</ref> | |||
South Korea does not currently have a comprehensive anti‑discrimination law, despite repeated recommendations from international human rights bodies. Advocacy groups argue that the absence of such legislation limits legal recourse for victims of racial discrimination, including Indian nationals. Efforts to introduce an anti‑discrimination bill have faced political and social resistance, though public awareness of multicultural issues has gradually increased. As South Korea’s foreign population continues to grow, discussions about racism, migrant rights, and social integration remain central to the experiences of Indian residents in the country. | |||
In February 2026, Indian social media influencer Sachin Awasthi and his wife were denied entry into South Korea while attempting to travel to Jeju Island as tourists. According to media reports, the couple was held by immigration authorities for approximately 38 hours before being required to return. | |||
After departing South Korea, they transited through China on their way back to India. Awasthi later described the experience on social media, stating that they were subjected to questioning and additional travel arrangements before being allowed to return home. The incident received attention online and was reported by Indian media outlets<ref>https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/influencer-sachin-awasthi-shares-detention-ordeal-in-south-korea-china-1939263</ref>. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[ | * [[Korean Buddhism|Buddhism in Korea]] | ||
* [[Hinduism in China]] | * [[Hinduism in China]] | ||
* [[Hinduism in Japan]] | * [[Hinduism in Japan]] | ||
| Line 100: | Line 108: | ||
{{Immigrants and expatriates in Korea}} | {{Immigrants and expatriates in Korea}} | ||
{{ | {{Indian diaspora}} | ||
[[Category:Indian diaspora by country|Korea]] | [[Category:Indian diaspora by country|Korea]] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:01, 16 March 2026
한국에 있는 인도인 कोरिया में भारतीय | |
|---|---|
| Regions with significant populations | |
| South Korea | 24,414 (2013)[1] |
| North Korea | 586 (2015)[2] |
| Languages | |
| Hindi · Other Indian languages · Korean | |
| Religion | |
| Majority Hinduism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Indians in Japan | |
Indians in Korea include the migrant diaspora from India to Korea and their locally-born descendants. A majority of them live in Seoul and Busan, and smaller populations live in other parts of South Korea. The Indian population in North Korea is negligible, consisting of embassy staff and NGO members.
The Government of India's Ministry of External Affairs estimates the Overseas Indian population to be about 17,000 in South Korea, as of 2025. It is reported that 16 Indian citizens live in North Korea, although official data is hard to verify.[3] During the Coronavirus pandemic, India safely evacuated its embassy staff through a special Russia-bound train.[4]
History of Indian migration[edit | edit source]
Malananta: the 4th century Indian Buddhist monk in Korea[edit | edit source]
The two oldest extant histories of Korea, 'Samguk yusa' and 'Samguk Sagi,' record the following three monks among the first to bring the Buddhist teaching, or Dharma, to Korea in the 4th century during the Three Kingdoms period. These mention the following monks: Malananta (मेघानंदा, Meghananda, Melananda or cloud monk)- an Indian Buddhist monk who came via the Serindian area of southern China's Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was received by the King Chimnyu of Baekje in the southern Korea in 384 CE.[6][7]
Medieval period[edit | edit source]
In the 14th century, the Buddhist monk of Nalanda, Dhyānabhadra, came to Korea during the Goryeo period. He played an important role in the development of Buddhism in Korea and upon his death, his relics were ordered by Gongmin of Goryeo to be brought to Korea where his followers built a stupa on top.[8]
Korean War[edit | edit source]
.jpg)
While the Indian army did not militarily get involved in the Korean War, it sent a medical unit, the 60 Parachute Field Ambulance, which served in Korea for three and a half years (Nov 1950- May 1954), the longest single tenure by any military unit under the UN flag.
They were involved in providing medical cover alternately to the US Army/ROK forces and the Commonwealth Division under the UN Command as well as the local civilians, and earned the informal title, "The Maroon Angels."[citation needed]. The unit also looked after the North Korean POWs. The unit provided an ADS and a surgical team (7 officers and 5 other ranks) during Operation Tomahawk, an airborne operation launched on 21 March 1951 by the US Army's 187 Airborne Regimental Combat Team.
Towards the end of the Korean War in 1953, a reinforced brigade known as the Custodian Force of India was deployed for the repatriation of the prisoners of war and was deployed for almost two years (1953–54).
Postwar Korea[edit | edit source]
Economic Growth[edit | edit source]
After the Korean War, there remained only 1 Indian in South Korea, a United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) employee until 1966, when an Indian student came to study at Seoul National University. In the late 1960s, South Korea started exporting heavily, attracting some Indian diaspora with Sindhi traders from Hong Kong and Singapore. In the 1980s, professionals began immigrating to South Korea, and in the 1990s, South Korean universities admitted Indian students for classes and research.[9]
Current Status[edit | edit source]
Professional cooks[edit | edit source]
Most of professional cooks usually work at restaurants in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, and other cities. Some are hired by Korean owners of Indian restaurants and hotels, while others own their own restaurants.[9]
Cultural exchange[edit | edit source]
Technology has allowed for increased cultural exchange between India and Korea, leading to increased international engagement with Korean pop culture concerning both K-pop and K-dramas. Younger generations try to speak Korean and imitate Korean styles in India, especially in Manipur. The fascination with South Korea increases the interest of Indians in Korea who pursue paths like acting or the idol industry.[10]
Korean Kanakaraju Became first Telugu film to be filmed in korea[11].[12]
Organizations and associations[edit | edit source]
With a burgeoning Indian community exceeding 10000, several representative organizations in South Korea have been established in South Korea. Some notable communities that are active include
- Indian Students and Researchers in South Korea (ISRK) - representing close to 4000 researchers, post-docs, and university students, conduct various cultural activities to foster unity as well as to spread awareness.
- "IndiansInKorea" (also known as IIK) - more than 5000 members and is an umbrella organization for Indians living in Korea, organizing events for significant holidays [13]
- Indian Association of Korea - mainly comprises working professionals
- Annapurna Indian Women's Club (formerly known as the Indian Women's Association) - helps with community and cultural exchanges among Indians living in South Korea[14]
Discrimination and racism[edit | edit source]
Indians in South Korea have reported experiencing various forms of racial discrimination in social, educational, and professional settings. Academic studies and media reports note that South Asian migrants, including Indians, often face negative stereotypes related to skin tone, socioeconomic status, and nationality. These attitudes can manifest in everyday interactions, such as reluctance from some Koreans to sit next to darker‑skinned foreigners on public transport or avoidance in social situations. Although many Indians describe positive experiences in the country, accounts of prejudice remain a recurring theme in surveys and interviews conducted among migrant communities.[15]
Several high-profile incidents have drawn public attention to discriminatory practices. In 2023, an Indian resident in Busan reported being denied entry to a nightclub that displayed a sign restricting access to Indian and Pakistani men, prompting widespread discussion on social media and coverage in Korean and international news outlets. Similar cases involving housing discrimination, workplace bias, and verbal harassment have been documented by migrant support organizations. These incidents have contributed to broader debates about xenophobia and the treatment of non‑white foreigners in South Korea.[16]
South Korea does not currently have a comprehensive anti‑discrimination law, despite repeated recommendations from international human rights bodies. Advocacy groups argue that the absence of such legislation limits legal recourse for victims of racial discrimination, including Indian nationals. Efforts to introduce an anti‑discrimination bill have faced political and social resistance, though public awareness of multicultural issues has gradually increased. As South Korea’s foreign population continues to grow, discussions about racism, migrant rights, and social integration remain central to the experiences of Indian residents in the country. In February 2026, Indian social media influencer Sachin Awasthi and his wife were denied entry into South Korea while attempting to travel to Jeju Island as tourists. According to media reports, the couple was held by immigration authorities for approximately 38 hours before being required to return.
After departing South Korea, they transited through China on their way back to India. Awasthi later described the experience on social media, stating that they were subjected to questioning and additional travel arrangements before being allowed to return home. The incident received attention online and was reported by Indian media outlets[17].
See also[edit | edit source]
- Buddhism in Korea
- Hinduism in China
- Hinduism in Japan
- Hinduism in Korea
- Koreans in India
- Memorial of Heo Hwang-ok, Ayodhya
- India–South Korea relations
- India – North Korea relations
- List of Hindu temples outside India
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Major indicators of Korea, South Korea: Korean Statistical Information Service, 2009, p. 262, retrieved 2011-03-21
- ↑ "World Migration | International Organization for Migration". Iom.int. Archived from the original on May 1, 2019. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
- ↑ "Population of Overseas Indians". Ministry of External Affairs.
- ↑ "COVID-19: India 'Temporarily Closes' Embassy in North Korea, Ambassador Leaves Country".
- ↑ Acri, Andrea (20 December 2018). "Maritime Buddhism". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.638. ISBN 9780199340378. Archived from the original on 19 February 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ↑ "Malananta bring Buddhism to Baekje" in Samguk Yusa III, Ha & Mintz translation, pp. 178-179.
- ↑ Kim, Won-yong (1960), "An Early Gilt-bronze Seated Buddha from Seoul", Artibus Asiae, 23 (1): 67–71, doi:10.2307/3248029, JSTOR 3248029, pg. 71
- ↑ Huntley Grayson, James (2002). Korea: A Religious History. Routledge. p. 99. ISBN 9781136869181.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Tayal, Skand R. (2014). India and the Republic of Korea: engaged democracies. New Delhi: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-02036-8.
- ↑ Kanozia, Rubal; Ganghariya, Garima (2021-07-03). "Cultural proximity and hybridity: popularity of Korean pop culture in India". Media Asia. 48 (3): 219–228. doi:10.1080/01296612.2021.1902079. ISSN 0129-6612.
- ↑ https://www.msn.com/en-in/entertainment/movies/korean-kanakaraju-varun-tej-and-team-head-korea-to-shoot-the-last-leg-of-the-horror-comedy-report/ar-AA1YE5j3?ocid=BingNewsSerp
- ↑ https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Jun/14/varun-tej-set-to-commence-korea-schedule-for-vt15
- ↑ "Indians in Korea |". Retrieved 2024-04-17.
- ↑ Kesavapany, K.; Mani, A.; Ramasamy, P., eds. (2008). Rising India and Indian communities in East Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-230-868-9.
- ↑ Jaeeun, Lee (2024-03-20). "[New Neighbors] Is S. Korea a racist country?". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2026-02-01.
- ↑ Jose, Jovial (2024-01-06). "Indians Speak Out Against Racism in South Korea". Retrieved 2026-02-01.
- ↑ https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/influencer-sachin-awasthi-shares-detention-ordeal-in-south-korea-china-1939263
External links[edit | edit source]
Template:Immigrants and expatriates in Korea Template:Indian diaspora