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| name = South Koel River | | name = South Koel River | ||
ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ | ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ | ||
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'''South Koel River''' ({{ | '''South Koel River''' ({{langx|or|ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ}}; {{langx|hi|दक्षिण कोयल नदी}}) is a {{convert|285|km|mi|0}} long river which runs across [[Jharkhand]] and [[Odisha]] states in [[India]]. It originates at the [[Lawapani Falls|Lawapani Waterfalls]], near [[Lohardaga]], [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]] {{convert|82.5|km|mi|0}} from [[Ranchi]], and conjoins the Belsiangar and Singbhum Rivers. The Koel is fed by three streams in Jharkhand, namely the [[North Karo River|North Karo]], [[South Karo River|South Karo]] and [[Koina River|Koina]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u1kOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA21&dq=koel+river#PPA21,M1 A Statistical Account of Bengal by William Wilson Hunter, Hermann Michael Kisch, Andrew Wallace Mackie],</ref> The South Koel enters Odisha and joins with [[Sankh River]] at Vedavyas near [[Rourkela]] from where it is named as [[Brahmani River|Brahmani]].<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.peacefulsociety.org/sj/11irnor.htm | title = Initiatives & Activities IRN-ORISSA |publisher = IRN – Kerala |access-date = 2010-04-20 }}</ref> | ||
==West Singhbhum drainage scenario== | ==West Singhbhum drainage scenario== | ||
Singhbhum is drained by three river systems - [[Subarnarekha River|Subarnarekha]], [[Baitarani River|Baitarani]] and [[Brahmani River|Brahmani]]. The watersheds of these three systems originate near [[Gamharia]] in the Kolhan and radiate north-west, south-west and east respectively from their common, centre. These watersheds divide the Subarnarekha and its feeders from the Baitarani and its tributaries, and the latter again from the South Karo and Deo rivers, which feed the Brahmani through the South Koel. | Singhbhum is drained by three river systems - [[Subarnarekha River|Subarnarekha]], [[Baitarani River|Baitarani]] and [[Brahmani River|Brahmani]]. The watersheds of these three systems originate near [[Gamharia]] in the Kolhan and radiate north-west, south-west and east respectively from their common, centre. These watersheds divide the Subarnarekha and its feeders from the Baitarani and its tributaries, and the latter again from the South Karo and Deo rivers, which feed the Brahmani through the South Koel. | ||
The {{convert|1.521|km|mi|0}} long Saranda railway tunnel on the South Eastern Railway [[Howrah]] - [[Mumbai]] Main Line divides the Subarnarekha and Brahmani systems, and at this point the watershed leaves the Kolhan, continuing in a northerly direction through [[Porahat]] and finally merging in the Ranchi plateau between the Bicha and Tatkora hills. Of these three great rivers the Subarnarekha alone flows through the district. The Baitarani forms for about {{convert|12|km|mi|0}} the boundary between the Kolhan area and [[Kendujhar|Keonjhar]] (in Odisha) while the Brahmani drains the west of the district through its tributary, the South Koel, and its feeders, the [[North Karo River|North Karo]] and the [[South Karo River|South Karo]], and the latter of which in its turn is fed by the [[Deo River|Deo river]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |title = The West Singhbhum District |access-date = 2010-04-20 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713104524/http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |archive-date = 2011-07-13 }}</ref> | The {{convert|1.521|km|mi|0}} long Saranda railway tunnel on the South Eastern Railway [[Howrah]] - [[Mumbai]] Main Line divides the Subarnarekha and Brahmani systems, and at this point the watershed leaves the Kolhan, continuing in a northerly direction through [[Porahat]] and finally merging in the Ranchi plateau between the Bicha and Tatkora hills. Of these three great rivers the Subarnarekha alone flows through the district. The Baitarani forms for about {{convert|12|km|mi|0}} the boundary between the Kolhan area and [[Kendujhar|Keonjhar]] (in Odisha) while the Brahmani drains the west of the district through its tributary, the South Koel, and its feeders, the [[North Karo River|North Karo]] and the [[South Karo River|South Karo]], and the latter of which in its turn is fed by the [[Deo River|Deo river]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |title = The West Singhbhum District |access-date = 2010-04-20 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713104524/http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf |archive-date = 2011-07-13 }}</ref> | ||
==Koel-Karo project== | ==Koel-Karo project== | ||
The Koel-Karo project is located in the Ranchi and West Singbhum districts. The 710 MW power project involves the construction of two earth dams—one {{convert|44|m|ft}} high, across the South Koel river near Basia, and the other {{convert|55|m|ft}} high, across the North Karo river near Lohajima. The two dams will be linked by a trans-basin channel, with six units of 115 MW each in the underground powerhouse at Lumpu-ngkhel and one unit of 20 MW at Raitoli. About 120 villages are to be affected, displacing over one [[lakh]] (100,000) people. About {{convert|22000|ha|acre}} of land will be submerged. Of the total land acquisition, {{convert|12000|ha|acre}} are reported to be agricultural land, while {{convert|10000|ha|acre}} comprise forests. Dispute arose over the compensation package for the displaced people and protests started in 1974 and have been continuing since then.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/5025 | title =Koel Karo battles on |publisher =India Environment Portal |access-date = 2010-04-20 }}</ref> The project was finally shelved in 2003 | The Koel-Karo project is located in the Ranchi and West Singbhum districts. The 710 MW power project involves the construction of two earth dams—one {{convert|44|m|ft}} high, across the South Koel river near Basia, and the other {{convert|55|m|ft}} high, across the North Karo river near Lohajima. The two dams will be linked by a trans-basin channel, with six units of 115 MW each in the underground powerhouse at Lumpu-ngkhel and one unit of 20 MW at Raitoli. About 120 villages are to be affected, displacing over one [[lakh]] (100,000) people. About {{convert|22000|ha|acre}} of land will be submerged. Of the total land acquisition, {{convert|12000|ha|acre}} are reported to be agricultural land, while {{convert|10000|ha|acre}} comprise forests. Dispute arose over the compensation package for the displaced people and protests started in 1974 and have been continuing since then.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/5025 | title =Koel Karo battles on |publisher =India Environment Portal |access-date = 2010-04-20 }}</ref> The project was finally shelved in 2003 owing to protests. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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[[Category:Sundergarh district]] | [[Category:Sundergarh district]] | ||
[[Category:Rivers of Odisha]] | [[Category:Rivers of Odisha]] | ||
{{Orissa-geo-stub}} | {{Orissa-geo-stub}} | ||
{{India-river-stub}} | {{India-river-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:33, 10 October 2025
| South Koel River ଦକ୍ଷିଣ କୋଏଲ ନଦୀ | |
|---|---|
 South Koel River near Jaraikela, Odisha | |
| Location | |
| Country | India |
| State | Jharkhand, Odisha |
| City | Rourkela |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | |
| • location | Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau |
| Mouth | Brahmani River, near Panposh, Rourkela |
• coordinates | 22°14′45″N 84°47′02″E / 22.24583°N 84.78389°E |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | South Karo River |
| • right | North Karo River |
South Koel River (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is a 285 kilometres (177 mi) long river which runs across Jharkhand and Odisha states in India. It originates at the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau 82.5 kilometres (51 mi) from Ranchi, and conjoins the Belsiangar and Singbhum Rivers. The Koel is fed by three streams in Jharkhand, namely the North Karo, South Karo and Koina.[1] The South Koel enters Odisha and joins with Sankh River at Vedavyas near Rourkela from where it is named as Brahmani.[2]
West Singhbhum drainage scenario[edit | edit source]
Singhbhum is drained by three river systems - Subarnarekha, Baitarani and Brahmani. The watersheds of these three systems originate near Gamharia in the Kolhan and radiate north-west, south-west and east respectively from their common, centre. These watersheds divide the Subarnarekha and its feeders from the Baitarani and its tributaries, and the latter again from the South Karo and Deo rivers, which feed the Brahmani through the South Koel.
The 1.521 kilometres (1 mi) long Saranda railway tunnel on the South Eastern Railway Howrah - Mumbai Main Line divides the Subarnarekha and Brahmani systems, and at this point the watershed leaves the Kolhan, continuing in a northerly direction through Porahat and finally merging in the Ranchi plateau between the Bicha and Tatkora hills. Of these three great rivers the Subarnarekha alone flows through the district. The Baitarani forms for about 12 kilometres (7 mi) the boundary between the Kolhan area and Keonjhar (in Odisha) while the Brahmani drains the west of the district through its tributary, the South Koel, and its feeders, the North Karo and the South Karo, and the latter of which in its turn is fed by the Deo river.[3]
Koel-Karo project[edit | edit source]
The Koel-Karo project is located in the Ranchi and West Singbhum districts. The 710 MW power project involves the construction of two earth dams—one 44 metres (144 ft) high, across the South Koel river near Basia, and the other 55 metres (180 ft) high, across the North Karo river near Lohajima. The two dams will be linked by a trans-basin channel, with six units of 115 MW each in the underground powerhouse at Lumpu-ngkhel and one unit of 20 MW at Raitoli. About 120 villages are to be affected, displacing over one lakh (100,000) people. About 22,000 hectares (54,000 acres) of land will be submerged. Of the total land acquisition, 12,000 hectares (30,000 acres) are reported to be agricultural land, while 10,000 hectares (25,000 acres) comprise forests. Dispute arose over the compensation package for the displaced people and protests started in 1974 and have been continuing since then.[4] The project was finally shelved in 2003 owing to protests.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ A Statistical Account of Bengal by William Wilson Hunter, Hermann Michael Kisch, Andrew Wallace Mackie,
- ↑ "Initiatives & Activities IRN-ORISSA". IRN – Kerala. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ↑ "The West Singhbhum District" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ↑ "Koel Karo battles on". India Environment Portal. Retrieved 20 April 2010.