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{{Infobox musical artist | {{Infobox musical artist | ||
| honorific_prefix = <big>[[Padma Bhushan]]</big> | | honorific_prefix = <big>[[Padma Bhushan]]</big> | ||
| name = Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | | name = Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | ||
| image = Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan.jpg | | image = Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan.jpg | ||
| alias = ''Sabrang'' | | alias = ''Sabrang'' | ||
| birth_place = [[Kasur]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]] (present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], Pakistan) | | birth_place = [[Kasur]], [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]], [[British India]]<br />{{small|(present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], Pakistan)}} | ||
| birth_date = {{ | | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1902|04|02}} | ||
| death_place = [[Hyderabad, India]] | | death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Telangana]], [[India]] | ||
| death_date = {{ | | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1968|04|23|1902|04|02}} | ||
|1902|4| | |||
| genre = [[Hindustani classical music]] | | genre = [[Hindustani classical music]] | ||
| occupation = singer | | occupation = singer | ||
| Line 17: | Line 15: | ||
| label = [[HMV]], [[Times Music]] | | label = [[HMV]], [[Times Music]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
''' | [[Ustad]] '''Bade Ghulam Ali Khan''' (2 April 1902 – 23 April 1968) was an Indian vocalist, from the [[Patiala gharana]].<ref name=IndiaToday>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/people/ustad-bade-ghulam-ali-khan/15684.html Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan] India Today (newspaper), Retrieved 19 October 2020</ref><ref name=TOI>(Papri Paul) [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/remembering-the-legend-bade-ghulam-ali-khan/articleshow/57993825.cms Bade Ghulam Ali Khan: Remembering the legend] The Times of India (newspaper), Published 4 April 2017, Retrieved 19 October 2020</ref><ref name=telegraph>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/opinion/indian-classical-music-may-be-the-best-antidote-to-chauvinism/cid/1778691 |author=Ramachandra Guha|title=Melody within (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan)|newspaper=The Telegraph Online (newspaper)|date=5 June 2020|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref> | ||
==Early life and background== | ==Early life and background== | ||
[[Ustad]] Bade Ghulam Ali Khan was born in [[Kasur]], of the erstwhile [[Punjab Province, British India]] in 1902. Following [[partition of India]] in 1947, [[Kasur Tehsil]] was allocated to Pakistan. | |||
[[Ustad]] Bade Ghulam Ali Khan was born in [[Kasur]], of the erstwhile [[Punjab Province, British India]] in 1902. Following [[partition of India]] in 1947, [[Kasur | |||
At the age of five, Bade Ghulam began training in vocal music from his chacha Kale Khan, and later from his father. He had three younger brothers namely [[Barkat Ali Khan]], Mubarak Ali Khan and Amanat Ali Khan. | At the age of five, Bade Ghulam began training in vocal music from his chacha Kale Khan, and later from his father. He had three younger brothers namely [[Barkat Ali Khan]], Mubarak Ali Khan and Amanat Ali Khan. | ||
==Singing career== | ==Singing career== | ||
[[File:Bade Ghulam Ali Khan 2003 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Bade Ghulam Ali Khan on a 2003 stamp of India]] | [[File:Bade Ghulam Ali Khan 2003 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|Bade Ghulam Ali Khan on a 2003 stamp of India]] | ||
Though he started his career by singing a few compositions of his late father Ali Baksh Khan and uncle Kale Khan, Bade Ghulam amalgamated the best of three traditions into his own Patiala-Kasur style: | Though he started his career by singing a few compositions of his late father Ali Baksh Khan and uncle Kale Khan, Bade Ghulam amalgamated the best of three traditions into his own Patiala-Kasur style: | ||
* The Behram Khani elements of [[Dhrupad]] | |||
* The gyrations of [[Jaipur]] and | |||
* The [[Gwalior gharana#Singing style|behlavas]] (embellishments) of [[Gwalior]]. | |||
Many of his raga expositions were brief, contrary to convention, and, while he agreed that the beauty of classical music lay in leisurely improvisation, he believed that the audience would not appreciate long [[alap]]s, particularly considering his tendency towards singing for the masses. He, therefore, changed the music to what the audience wanted. He excelled at more light-hearted [[raga]]s such as: | |||
* Adana | |||
* Bhupali | |||
* Hameer | |||
* Jaijaiwanti and | |||
* Jaunpuri. | |||
Under the pen name of '''''Sabrang''''', he created many new [[Bandish|compositions]]. Unlike his younger son, [[Munawar Ali Khan]], who had an open-throated voice, Khan Sahib's voice was slurred. | |||
After the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan went to his hometown [[Kasur]] in Pakistan, but | After the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan went to his hometown [[Kasur]] in Pakistan, but moved to India later to live permanently in 1957. With the help of the Bombay Chief Minister, [[Morarji Desai]], he acquired Indian citizenship and moved to a bungalow at Malabar Hill in [[Mumbai]]. He lived at various times in [[Lahore]], [[Bombay]], [[Calcutta]], and finally [[Hyderabad]].<ref name=telegraph/> | ||
For a long time, he stayed away from singing in films despite requests and | For a long time, he stayed away from singing in films, despite requests and persuasion from well-known producers and music directors. Finally, after much coaxing, he was convinced by the film producer, [[K Asif]], to sing two songs based on the ragas Sohni and Rageshri for the 1960 film [[Mughal-e-Azam]], with music directed by [[Naushad]]. He demanded and received an extremely high price, reportedly ₹ 25,000 per song, at a time when the rates of popular and star playback singers such as [[Lata Mangeshkar]] and [[Mohammed Rafi]] were below ₹ 500 per song.<ref name=TOI/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hindi.firstpost.com/special/bade-gulam-ali-khan-birthday-special-patiyala-gharana-thumri-bade-ghulam-ali-khan-songs-am-100793.html|title=बड़े गुलाम अली खान: जिन्होंने गाने के लिए रफी और लता से 50 गुना फीस ली|website=Firstpost Hindi|date=2 April 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Awards and recognition== | ==Awards and recognition== | ||
*[[Sangeet Natak | *[[Sangeet Natak Academic Award]] (1962)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/awardeeslist.htm |archive-date=31 March 2016| | ||
archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331060603/http://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/awardeeslist.htm |title=List of Sangeet Natak | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160331060603/http://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/awardeeslist.htm |title=List of Sangeet Natak Academic Awards |website= Sangeet Natak Akademi website|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref><ref name=IndiaToday/> | ||
*[[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] fellow (1967) | *[[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] fellow (1967) | ||
*[[Padma Bhushan]] Award (1962)<ref>[https:// | *[[Padma Bhushan]] Award (1962)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf Padma Bhushan Award (1962) listed for Bade Ghulam Ali Khan] Government of India website, Retrieved 19 October 2020</ref><ref name=IndiaToday/> | ||
==Death and legacy== | ==Death and legacy== | ||
He died in [[ | [[File:Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Tomb at Daira Mir Momin cemetery in Hyderabad 04.jpg|thumb|Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Tomb at Daira Mir Momin cemetery in Hyderabad]] | ||
He died in [[Basheer Bagh Palace]] in [[Hyderabad]] on 23 April 1968 after a prolonged illness that had left him partially paralyzed in the last few years of his life. He continued to sing and perform in public with the support of his son, [[Munawar Ali Khan]], until his death.<ref>[https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/beat-street/article28214054.ece Beat Street (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan)] The Hindu (newspaper), 16 November 2005, Retrieved 19 October 2020</ref><ref name=IndiaToday/> He was buried at [[Daira Mir Momin]] cemetery in Hyderabad.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-03 |title=Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan’s tomb restored |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/ustad-bade-ghulam-ali-khans-tomb-restored/articleshow/81877608.cms |access-date=2023-05-04 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Today |first=Telangana |date=2021-03-28 |title=Hyderabad: Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan’s tomb being restored |url=https://telanganatoday.com/hyderabad-ustad-bade-ghulam-ali-khans-tomb-being-restored |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=Telangana Today |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
Indian film director [[Harisadhan Dasgupta]] made a documentary film about Khan in 1968, titled ''Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | Indian film director [[Harisadhan Dasgupta]] made a documentary film about Khan in 1968, titled ''Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Sahib''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Saheb (1964) |url=https://indiancine.ma/LAI/info |website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref> | ||
In 2017, the ''Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | In 2017, the ''Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Yaadgaar Sabha'' was founded by his disciple Malti Gilani. It helps to keep his music and memory alive even today.<ref name=TheHindu>(Anjana Rajan) [https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/On-ragas-and-riches/article15399735.ece On ragas and riches] The Hindu (newspaper), 22 August 2008, Retrieved 19 October 2020</ref> | ||
The main street at [[Basheerbagh]] is named ''Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Marg'' in his honour.<ref name=TOI/> | The main street at [[Basheerbagh]] is named ''Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Marg'' in his honour.<ref name=TOI/> | ||
| Line 51: | Line 59: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* | |||
* {{cite book |last1= Manuel|first1= Peter L |title=Ṭhumrī in historical and stylistic perspectives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PlNShmx3x68C |year=1990 |publisher= Motilal Banarsidass Publisher|isbn=978-81-208-0673-3|ref=Manuel}} | * {{cite book |last1= Manuel|first1= Peter L |title=Ṭhumrī in historical and stylistic perspectives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PlNShmx3x68C |year=1990 |publisher= Motilal Banarsidass Publisher|isbn=978-81-208-0673-3|ref=Manuel}} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 70: | ||
[[Category:1968 deaths]] | [[Category:1968 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Hindustani singers]] | [[Category:Hindustani singers]] | ||
[[Category:Indian Muslims]] | [[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]] | ||
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]] | [[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]] | ||
[[Category:Patiala gharana]] | [[Category:Patiala gharana]] | ||
| Line 68: | Line 76: | ||
[[Category:Thumri]] | [[Category:Thumri]] | ||
[[Category:Punjabi people]] | [[Category:Punjabi people]] | ||
[[Category:Indian male classical singers]] | [[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]] | ||
[[Category:People from Kasur District]] | [[Category:People from Kasur District]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Naturalised citizens of India]] | ||
[[Category:People who lost Pakistani citizenship]] | [[Category:People who lost Pakistani citizenship]] | ||
[[Category:Pakistani emigrants to India]] | [[Category:Pakistani emigrants to India]] | ||
[[Category:20th-century Khyal singers]] | [[Category:20th-century Khyal singers]] | ||
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]] | |||
Latest revision as of 10:03, 22 July 2023
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (2 April 1902 – 23 April 1968) was an Indian vocalist, from the Patiala gharana.[1][2][3]
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Sabrang |
| Born | 2 April 1902 Kasur, Punjab, British India (present-day Punjab, Pakistan) |
| Died | 23 April 1968 (aged 66) Hyderabad, Telangana, India |
| Genres | Hindustani classical music |
| Occupation(s) | singer |
| Years active | 1923–1967 |
| Labels | HMV, Times Music |
Early life and backgroundEdit
Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan was born in Kasur, of the erstwhile Punjab Province, British India in 1902. Following partition of India in 1947, Kasur Tehsil was allocated to Pakistan. At the age of five, Bade Ghulam began training in vocal music from his chacha Kale Khan, and later from his father. He had three younger brothers namely Barkat Ali Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan and Amanat Ali Khan.
Singing careerEdit
Though he started his career by singing a few compositions of his late father Ali Baksh Khan and uncle Kale Khan, Bade Ghulam amalgamated the best of three traditions into his own Patiala-Kasur style:
- The Behram Khani elements of Dhrupad
- The gyrations of Jaipur and
- The behlavas (embellishments) of Gwalior.
Many of his raga expositions were brief, contrary to convention, and, while he agreed that the beauty of classical music lay in leisurely improvisation, he believed that the audience would not appreciate long alaps, particularly considering his tendency towards singing for the masses. He, therefore, changed the music to what the audience wanted. He excelled at more light-hearted ragas such as:
- Adana
- Bhupali
- Hameer
- Jaijaiwanti and
- Jaunpuri.
Under the pen name of Sabrang, he created many new compositions. Unlike his younger son, Munawar Ali Khan, who had an open-throated voice, Khan Sahib's voice was slurred.
After the Partition of India in 1947, Bade Ghulam Ali Khan went to his hometown Kasur in Pakistan, but moved to India later to live permanently in 1957. With the help of the Bombay Chief Minister, Morarji Desai, he acquired Indian citizenship and moved to a bungalow at Malabar Hill in Mumbai. He lived at various times in Lahore, Bombay, Calcutta, and finally Hyderabad.[3]
For a long time, he stayed away from singing in films, despite requests and persuasion from well-known producers and music directors. Finally, after much coaxing, he was convinced by the film producer, K Asif, to sing two songs based on the ragas Sohni and Rageshri for the 1960 film Mughal-e-Azam, with music directed by Naushad. He demanded and received an extremely high price, reportedly ₹ 25,000 per song, at a time when the rates of popular and star playback singers such as Lata Mangeshkar and Mohammed Rafi were below ₹ 500 per song.[2][4]
Awards and recognitionEdit
- Sangeet Natak Academic Award (1962)[5][1]
- Sangeet Natak Akademi fellow (1967)
- Padma Bhushan Award (1962)[6][1]
Death and legacyEdit
He died in Basheer Bagh Palace in Hyderabad on 23 April 1968 after a prolonged illness that had left him partially paralyzed in the last few years of his life. He continued to sing and perform in public with the support of his son, Munawar Ali Khan, until his death.[7][1] He was buried at Daira Mir Momin cemetery in Hyderabad.[8][9]
Indian film director Harisadhan Dasgupta made a documentary film about Khan in 1968, titled Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Sahib.[10]
In 2017, the Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Yaadgaar Sabha was founded by his disciple Malti Gilani. It helps to keep his music and memory alive even today.[11]
The main street at Basheerbagh is named Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Marg in his honour.[2]
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan India Today (newspaper), Retrieved 19 October 2020
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 (Papri Paul) Bade Ghulam Ali Khan: Remembering the legend The Times of India (newspaper), Published 4 April 2017, Retrieved 19 October 2020
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ramachandra Guha (5 June 2020). "Melody within (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan)". The Telegraph Online (newspaper). Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ↑ "बड़े गुलाम अली खान: जिन्होंने गाने के लिए रफी और लता से 50 गुना फीस ली". Firstpost Hindi. 2 April 2018.
- ↑ "List of Sangeet Natak Academic Awards". Sangeet Natak Akademi website. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
- ↑ Padma Bhushan Award (1962) listed for Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Government of India website, Retrieved 19 October 2020
- ↑ Beat Street (Bade Ghulam Ali Khan) The Hindu (newspaper), 16 November 2005, Retrieved 19 October 2020
- ↑ "Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan's tomb restored". The Times of India. 3 April 2021. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ↑ Today, Telangana (28 March 2021). "Hyderabad: Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan's tomb being restored". Telangana Today. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
- ↑ "Bade Ghulam Ali Khan Saheb (1964)". Indiancine.ma.
- ↑ (Anjana Rajan) On ragas and riches The Hindu (newspaper), 22 August 2008, Retrieved 19 October 2020
External linksEdit
- Manuel, Peter L (1990). Ṭhumrī in historical and stylistic perspectives. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. ISBN 978-81-208-0673-3.