House of Dar: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by J1234QWE
Last edited September 24, 2026
VisualWikitext
J1234QWE (talk | contribs)
23 edits
Article created via ArticleWizard
 
m Editorial Oversight moved page Draft:House of Dar to House of Dar: Moving mainspace because subject is notable
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit
 
(5 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Indian Zamindari Dynasty}}
{{Infobox family
{{Infobox family
| name = House of Dar
| name = House of Dar
| native_name = دار راج
| coat_of_arms = [[File:Coat of Arms of the King of the House of Dar.png|150px]]
| coat_of_arms_caption = Heraldic Crest of the King of the House of Dar
| image = [[File:Emblem (or seal) of Dar Raj دار راج.png|95px]]
| image_caption = Seal of Dar Raj ([[Akhnoor]])
| type = [[Jagirdari]]{{•}}[[Zamindari]]
| origin = [[Akhnoor]]
| country = *[[File:Flag of India.svg|20px]] [[India]]
*[[File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg|20px]] [[Bangladesh]]
| region = *[[Dar (village)]]
*[[Dhamrai Upazila]]
*[[Rowail]]
*[[Jalsin (village)|Jalsin]]
*[[Nannar (village)]]
| founded = {{Start date and age|1699}}
| founder = [[Virendra Mohan Dar]]
| seat = Nannar Palace
| styles = {{collapsible list
  |[[Maharaja]]
  |[[Maharani]]
  |[[Queen Regnant]]
  |[[Prince]], [[Princess]]
  |[[Rai Bahadur]]
  |[[Babu]]
  }}
| cadet_branches = {{Hidden begin
|title = Show
|titlestyle = text-align:center; font-weight:bold;
|contentstyle = text-align:center;
}}
}}
{{Tree chart/start|align=center|summary=House of Dar family tree}}
{{Tree chart| | | DAR | | |DAR= '''[[File:Royal Standard of the House of Dar.png|40px|center]]<br />{{center|House of Dar}}'''}}
{{Tree chart| |,|-|^|-|.| }}
{{Tree chart| NAN | | HUN |NAN= {{center|House of [[Nannar (village)|Nannar]]}}|HUN={{center|House of [[Hunderman]]{{Sfn|Sen|1941|p=162}}}} }}
{{Tree chart/end}}
{{Hidden end}}
| connected_members = {{collapsible list
  |
  | [[Peary Charan Sarkar]]
  | [[Manik Ram Basu|Maharaja Manik Ram Basu]]
  | [[Manojit Mohan Dhar]]
  | [[Sadhvi Saudamini|Rani Sadhvi Saudamini]]
  | [[Anupama Kundoo]]
  | [[Roopa Basu]]
  }}
| current_head = <small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] VII</small>
Vinayak Singh{{Efn|Vinayak Singh, ascended to ''Maharaja VII'' of the House of Dar because of Article VII of the ''[[Virendra Royal Succession Charter]]'' succeeding the [[Queen Regnant|Maharani Regnant]] Basu, on May 7, 2024.}}{{Sfn|Sen|1941|p=99-100}}
}}
'''House of Dar''' also known as '''Dar Raj''' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]]: দার রাজ [[Persian language|Persian]]: در راج) was a [[Jagir]]dari estate which orginated in [[Dar (village)|Dar]] region of [[Akhnoor]] in the year 1771{{Efn|The Dar Raj foundations were laid by Hari Krishna Mohan Dar in the year 1699 in [[Srinagar]]. But the Dar Raj emerged as a powerful [[Jagirdari]] estate under the leadership of [[Virendra Mohan Dar]] from 1771.}} under the leadership of Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]] during the Durrani Rule. After the collapse of the [[Durrani Empire]], House of Dar shifted to Bengal (now [[Bangladesh]]) and established the House of [[Nannar (village)|Nannar]].<ref>Anirban Chattopadhyay, "''Virendramohan of Dar Raj: Locating Subaltern Voices in the Bengali Novel''", in: Tirthankar Roy and Tapati Guha-Thakurta, eds, ''Literary Cartographies of Bengal'', Volume 2: ''Textual Politics and the Colonial State'', Kolkata: Academic Publishers, 2014, '''pp'''. 114-132.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mukherjee |first=Ramesh Chandra |url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=eUy3EQAAQBAJ&pli=1 |title=Mahārāja Vīrendra Mohan Dār of Akhnūr |date=1987-07-21 |publisher=Nīldhôni Prokāśônā |pages=28, 29, 30 |language=en}}</ref><ref>Singh, Ravinath. (1974). ''The life and death of Virendra of Dhar Raj: A critical analysis of the final siege of Dhar''. In K. P. Acharya & D. Sharma (Eds.), ''Historiography of the Central Provinces: Vol. 4. The Paramara Epoch'' (A. M. C. Hollingbery, Trans.; 3rd ed., '''pp'''. 412, 414, 419, 421–485). ''Oriental Research Publishing House''. (Original work published 1921).</ref>
== History ==
[[File:Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 97.jpg|left|thumb|Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 97 by Shishir Ghosh [[Bachelor of Laws|BL]]- About the House of Dar<ref name=":0">''বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য'', শ্রী শিশির ঘোষ বি.এল. 1950-Machuabajar, Beadon Street, Calcutta- Hendon Printing, 14 Machuabazar, [[Kolkata]]</ref>]]
[[File:Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 98.jpg|left|thumb|Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 98 by Shishir Ghosh [[Bachelor of Laws|BL]]- About the House of Dar<ref name=":0" /> ]]
The House of Dar was established in the year in 1771 after [[Virendra Mohan Dar]], the grandson of a rich [[Kashmiri Pandits|Kashmiri Pandit]] saffron merchant- Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, was conferred the title of [[Raja]] by [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmed Shah Durrani]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=BL |first=Jitendranath Ghose |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mx7iEQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y |title=The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار |date=1931-07-21 |publisher=Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931 |pages=16, 17 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Badal |first=M. N. C. |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=m9C8EQAAQBAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=Virendra+Mohan+Dar&source=gbs_navlinks_s |title=ZAMĪNDĀRS OF EARLY BAṄGĀL AND EAST PĀKISTĀN AND DECLINE OF ZAMĪNDĀR SYSTEM |date=1949-06-11 |publisher=Baṅgāl Granthālaya Prakāśan |pages=55, 56, 57 |language=en}}</ref> Later in 1813, the title of ''[[Maharaja Bahadur|Bahadur]]'' was formally conferred upon Virendra Mohan Dar by Nawab [[Zain-ud-Din Ali Khan]] of [[Murshidabad]], with the official sanction of the British Governor-General, [[Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 1st Earl of Minto|Lord Minto I]], in recognition of his significant contributions to land expansion, the construction of irrigation works, and consistent revenue payments to the [[East India Company]].{{Sfn|Sen|1941|p=151}}
== Shift to Bengal ==
[[File:Dhar Zamindars of Dhar Raj (Dacca, 1879).png|thumb|Dhar Zamindars of Dhar Raj, [[Dacca]], ({{circa|1879}} Center: Raja III Hara Mohan Dhar]]
After the death of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmed Shah Durrani]], the House of Durrani collapsed and the jagirs and fedual landlords started losing power in Kashmir, including the House of Dar. Due to the extreme political instability and attacks caused by the [[Sikh Misls]] the Dar Raj shifted to [[Bangladesh]] towards the end of the eighteenth century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nalinikanta Bhattacharya |url=http://archive.org/details/dar-raj-dhar-raj-of-akhnur-and-dhaka |title=Dar Raj (Dhar Raj) of Akhnur and Dhaka |date=1938-04-18}}</ref>{{Sfn|Basu|1919|p=45, 46}} The House of Dar established the Char Talibari Rajbari at the Rajrajeshwar Union of Bangladesh as their primary seat but soon lost it due to the erosion caused by the [[Padma River]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=BL |first=Jitendranath Ghose |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=mx7iEQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y |title=The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار |date=1931-07-21 |publisher=Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931 |pages=36, 37, 28, 39 |language=en}}</ref> In 1802, The Maharaja, established the 250-room Dhar Zamindar Bari at [[Nannar (village)|Nannar Village]]- which later came to be known as House of Nannar, a branch of the House of Dar. The Zamindari spanned over 25,000 acres of land including Rajrajeshwar, [[Rowail]], Sharifbag,. Ashulia, Demra, [[Nannar (village)|Nannar]], [[Dhamrai Upazila|Dhamrai]] and Suapur.{{Sfn|Basu|1919|p=21-28}}{{Sfn|Sen|1941|p=141, 142}}
== Residences ==
The House of Dar established three successive principal seats of power across Kashmir and Bengal:
[[File:Dhar Jamindar Bari Image (1869).jpg|thumb|The Dhar Zamindar Palace in 1869]]
* ''Dar Haveli'' ([[Dar (village)|Dar]], Akhnoor): Established near the banks of the [[Chenab River]], the original family seat was a traditional Kashmiri-style wooden haveli. Following his ascension, Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]] expanded the estate into a five-acre palace complex featuring a ''Diwan-i-Aam'' (Hall of Public Audience) and a ''Diwan-i-Khas'' supported by carved deodar pillars. The palace was destroyed by fire during a hostile [[Sikh Confederacy|Sikh]] incursion in 1788–1789.{{Sfn|Pal|1908|p=122}}
* [[File:Ruins of the Dhar Zamindar Bari (Later part of Alokeshi High School) 2015.jpg|thumb|Ruins of the Dhar Zamindar Palace (Later part of Alokeshi High School) in 2015]]''Rajrajeshwar Palace'' ([[Bengal]]): Established in 1790 on the Char Talibari tract along the [[Padma River]], this palace served as the initial hub for the dynasty's relocation to East Bengal. Constructed with thick brick walls and elevated foundations to counter seasonal floods, the estate was permanently abandoned in 1797 after catastrophic riverbank erosion dangerously undermined the structure.{{Sfn|Pal|1908|p=276}}
* [[File:The Private Palace Pond of the Dhar Zamindar Bari.jpg|thumb|The Private Palace Pond, ''Virendra Sagar'', of the Dhar Zamindar Bari, 2018]]''Nannar Palace'' ([[Bengal]]): Built between 1797 and 1801 in [[Dhamrai Upazila]], the 250-room Nannar Rajbari (popularly known as the ''Dhar Zamindar Bari'') served as the permanent administrative and cultural seat of the Dar Raj. Constructed on stable, flood-resistant uplands, the palace grounds featured a grand Durbar Hall, a family shrine (the ''Dhar Krishna Mandir''), and a brick-lined reservoir called the ''Virendra Sagar''.{{Sfn|Pal|1908|p=298}} Later in 1919 Raja IV Mohini Mohan Dhar demolished majority of the palace and converted it into Elokeshi Balika Vidyalaya, [[Jalsin (village)|Jalsin]]. The other branch of the school is located in [[Gidhni]]. The palace was demolished in 2023.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about?id=iFP0EQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=The Dhar Family- Succession (Private collection of the Dhar Raj family) |date=1933-10-28 |publisher=Metcuff Printing Works  34 Mechuabazar Street, Calcutta. |pages=145, 146, 147 |language=en}}</ref>
== Establishments ==
[[File:Elokeshi High School, Gidhni (Image).jpg|left|thumb|Gidhni, Elokeshi High School]]
[[File:Alokeshi High School, Jalsin.jpg|thumb|Alokeshi High School, Jalsin]]
Raja IV of the Dar Raj established two schools, namely the ''Elokeshi High School'' in Jalsin after demolishing a significant part of the Dhar Zamindar Bari. Another branch of this school was established in Gidhni- ''Gidhni Elokeshi High School''.<ref name=":1" /> Raja IV Dewan MM Dhar also played the leasing role in the leading of the iron ore mines in [[Gorumahisani]] along with [[Pramatha Nath Bose]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Odisha (India) |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Orissa_District_Gazetteers_Mayurbhanj/EiYLAQAAIAAJ?hl=en |title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj |last2=Orissa (India) |date=1967 |publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press |pages=38, 39 |language=en}}</ref> [[Rupsa–Baripada–Bangriposi line|Rupsa–Baripada–Bangriposi railway line]] creation operation was lead and managed by the [[Raja]] IV  [[Dewan]] Mohini Mohan Dhar.<ref name=":2" /> In 25 April 1960 Raja VI Chittajit Mohan Dhar [[Member of parliament|M.P.]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bollyy |title=Shashi Kapoor’s First Solo Hero Hit ‘Jab Jab Phool Khile’ Marks 60 Years Since Its 1965 Release |url=https://bollyy.com/entertainment/shashi-kapoors-first-solo-hero-hit-jab-jab-phool-khile-marks-60-years-since-its-1965-release-10644834 |access-date=2026-08-19 |website=bollyy.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tripathi |first=Shanti Swaroop |title=Jab Jab Phool Khile 1965 film: शशि कपूर की पहली सोलो हिट ‘जब जब फूल खिले’ — 1965 की यादगार सुपरहिट फिल्म |url=https://mayapuri.com/photos/entertainment/released-sixty-years-ago-5-november-1965-the-film-ran-for-fifty-weeks-shashi-kapoors-first-solo-hero-hit-jab-jab-phool-khile-made-him-a-star-in-north-africa-10638582 |access-date=2026-08-28 |website=mayapuri.com |language=hi}}</ref> established [[Perfect Chemical Industries]] with the help of [[Humayun Kabir (Indian National Congress politician)|Humayun Kabir]] on 39 Dum Dum Road, Calcutta.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Commercial_and_Financial_Chronicle/TetI3JJj1bwC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=PErfect%20Chemical%20Industries%2019%20dum%20dum%20road%201960 |title=The Commercial and Financial Chronicle |date=1962 |publisher=William B. Dana Company. |pages=17 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Indian_Chemical_Directory/rQ8fAQAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=Indian Chemical Directory |date=1975 |publisher=Technical Press Publications |volume=XI |pages=153 |language=en |via=University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign}}</ref> Perfect Chemical Industries specialized in the domestic production of critical industrial and defense-related chemicals—such as [[benzyl benzoate]] and [[dimethyl phthalate]]—which helped reduce India's import dependency and saved valuable foreign exchange during its active years of operation.<ref>{{Cite book |last=India |first=India Office of the Registrar of Newspapers for |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Press_in_India/PiYSmcEhrzMC?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=Chittajit%20Mohan%20Dhar |title=Press in India: Annual Report of the Registrar of Newspapers for India |date=1966 |publisher=Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India |pages=529 |language=en}}</ref> The annual turnovers were around ₹42 to ₹45 Crores with net profits near ₹7.8 Crores, official regulatory records currently classify the company's status as "Strike Off." as of 2026<ref>{{Cite web |last=SensiBook |title=PERFECT CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES {{!}} Financials & Director Contacts |url=https://www.sensibook.com/companies/468072/U24232WB1960PTC024634/PERFECT-CHEMICAL-INDUSTRIES-PVT-LTD |access-date=2026-08-19 |website=SensiBook |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof Humayun Kabir at Dum Dum Chemical Factory |url=https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/0*zu1eH1GNCecYhhoU.jpeg|website=Bombay Times Newspaper|url-status=live}}</ref> Perfect Chemical Industries shut down and was sold to [[Emami]] after the death of Chittajit Mohan Dhar in 1975.
[[File:CM Dhar and Humayun Kabeer.jpg|thumb|Chittajit Mohan Dhar (center) and [[Humayun Kabir (Indian National Congress politician)|Humayun Kabir]] (right) at Perfect Chemical Industries, [[Dum Dum]]]]
== Honours and Chivalric Orders ==
[[File:Amrita Bazaar Patrika Dar Raj (A social gathering) Part 1.png|thumb|[[Amrita Bazar Patrika|Amrita Bazaar Patrika]] news paper 11 May 1944]]
The House of Dar established family orders of chivalry to recognize public service, philanthropy, and contributions to society.{{Sfn|Pal|1908|p=199}}
* '''Order of Dar Raj (ODR):''' First instituted in 1818 by Maharaja [[Virendra Mohan Dar]], the ODR is the primary order of the family estate.
* '''Most Excellent Order of the House of Virendra (MHV):''' Introduced in 1916 by Raja Mohini Mohan Dhar, this order was created in memory of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.
While these honours were conferred across generations, their investiture was formally documented in the regional press during the headship of Raja Dhirendra Mohan Dhar, B.L., B.Sc. On 13 May 1944, an investiture ceremony was held at Saudamini Kutir (19 Kabir Road, Calcutta), followed by a public celebration at [[Laha family|Lahabari]] on 20 May 1944, where fourteen distinguished individuals were decorated with the ODR and MHV.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 May 1944 |title=A Social Gathering |work=[[Amrita Bazar Patrika|Amritabazaar Patrika]] |pages=6}}</ref>
[[File:Amrita Bazaar Patrika Dar Raj (A social gathering) Part 2.png|thumb|List of people awarded ODR and MHV by the royal family, [[Amrita Bazar Patrika|Amrita Bazaar Patrika]] 1944]]
== List of Rulers ==
Although princely pensions, titles, and privileges were officially abolished in India in 1971, families of some former princely rulers have continued to use the old titles unofficially for certain family members, or made new ones for themselves. In some instances, the titles are used in conducting family ceremonies and traditions, to promote the ideal of princely and royal India for tourists, and to sustaining the wealth, stardom, and clout some families have retained.<ref name="padmanab-combined">* {{citation |last=Karatchkova |first=Elena |title=Raj Rhapsodies: Tourism, Heritage, and the Seductions of History |page=30 |year=2016 |chapter=Ghost Towns and Bustling Cities: Constructing a Master Narrative in Nineteenth-Century Jaipur |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pAnPCwAAQBAJ&pg=PR37 |isbn=9781317071624 |quote=The contemporary master narrative for Jaipur and Amber is ‘royalty’. This theme is ubiquitous in tourist publications, such as ''Majestic Jaipur'' (Wheeler 1998). Royal personalities are emphasized, as in ''Jaipur: The Royal City''. One article on tourist attractions of Jaipur features a full-page photograph of Maharaja Bhawani Singh, in full regalia, with his wife and daughter, all identified as ‘the present royal family’ |orig-year=2007}}
* {{citation |last1=Aldrich |first1=Robert |title=Crowns and colonies: European monarchies and overseas empires |page=43 |year=2016 |editor=Robert Aldrich, Cindy McCreery |series=Studies in Imperialism Book 142 |chapter=European sovereigns and their empires 'beyond the seas' |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DW25DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT43 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=9781526100894 |quote=Although Prime Minister Indira Gandhi deprived the India princes of their official titles and privy purses in 1971, the maharajas and other princes, such as the traditional Maharana of Udaipur, who now styles himself as the 'Custodian' of the House of Mewar in Rajasthan, retain wealth, influence and celebrity; in 2015, a twenty-three-year-old economics graduate was thus installed as the most recent Maharajah of Mysore. |last2=McCreery |first2=Cindy}}
* {{cite book |last=Ramusack |first=Barbara N. |author-link=Barbara Ramusack |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&pg=PA279 |title=The Indian princes and their states |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-521-26727-4 |page=279 |quote=The princes of India offer fantasy for post-modern consumption. Faced with escalating maintenance costs and declining sources of income, princely entrepreneurs transformed palaces into hotels where tourists could experience an idealised, pampered lifestyle of royalty during a democratic era. In 1954 Karan Singh of Jammu and Kashmir leased his main palace in Srinagar to the Oberoi chain; it seems appropriate that he became minister for tourism and civil aviation in 1967 in Indira Gandhi’s government. In 1958 the Rambagh Palace Hotel opened in Jaipur followed by the much photographed Lake Palace Hotel in Udaipur in the early 1960s}}</ref>
{{History of Bengal}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+List of Zamindar Maharaja's and Maharani's of The House of Dar and it's Branches<ref>{{Cite book |last=সেন |first=প্রণব কুমার |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about?id=rXLzEQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=বীরেন্দ্র মোহন দরের জীবনচরিত |date=1941-05-04 |publisher=শতভিষা প্রকাশন, ১২/১বি, বঙ্কিম চ্যাটার্জি স্ট্রিট |pages=252–264 |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=سین |first=پی۔ کے۔ |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about?id=QXTzEQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=ویرندراموهان دار از آخنور – زندگی و مرگ – یک زندگی‌نامه |date=1941-01-14 |publisher=انجمن کتاب گھر، لاہور |pages=195, 196, 197, 198 |language=fa}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |Ruler
! rowspan="2" |Image
! colspan="3" |Reign
! rowspan="2" |Consort
|-
!Start
!End
!Duration
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] I [[Bahadur (title)|Bahadur]]</small>
[[Virendra Mohan Dar]]
|[[File:ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار.png|80px]]
|1771
|1821
|50 years
|
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] II</small>
Mukunda Mohan Dar
|[[File:Oil portrait of Raja Mukund Mohan Dar of Akhnoor and dhamrai.png|80px]]
|1821
|13 August 1875
|54 years
|
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] III</small>
Hara Mohan Dhar
|[[File:Haramohandhar.png|80px]]
|1876
|1898
|22 years
|[[File:3rd Rani of Nannar- Rani Elokeshi Devi age 39.png|80px]]
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] IV [[Judge]] [[Babu (title)|Babu]]</small>
Mohini Mohan Dar
|[[File:মোহিনী মোহন ধর বিচারক ও ময়ূরভঞ্জের প্রাক্তন দেওয়ান দার রাজ্যের চতুর্থ উপাধিধারী রাজা.jpg|80px]]
|1898
|15 May 1947
|49 years
|[[File:Sadhvi Saudamini Dhar.jpg|80px]]
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] V</small>
Dhirendra Mohan Dar
|[[File:Barrister Dhirendra Mohan Dhar.jpg|80px]]
|15 May 1947
|11 May 1949
|{{Age in years and days|15 May 1947|11 May 1949}}
|[[File:Amiyabala Sircar Dhar.jpg|80px]]
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Maharaja]] VI</small>
Chittajit Mohan Dhar
|[[File:Chittajit Mohan Dhar, PhD.jpg|80px]]
|11 May 1949
|24 February 1975
|{{Age in years and days|11 May 1949|24 February 1975}}
|[[File:Leena Dhar.jpg|80px]]
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Privy purse in India#Abolition|Titular]] [[Queen regnant|Maharani Regnant]]</small>
Subha Basu Dhar{{Efn|Although the House of Dar ordinarily follows [[Primogeniture|agnatic primogeniture]] under Article II of the ''[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Royal Succession Charter]]'', the Charter does not absolutely exclude female succession. Article VI establishes the precedence of male lines over female lines, while Article VII provides that, in the absence of eligible male descendants in both the male and female lines, the eldest surviving daughter may succeed as ''Maharani Regnant''. Accordingly, the accession of Subha Basu Dhar as [[Maharani]] was regarded by the family as being in conformity with the provisions of the Charter rather than an exception to it until the birth of a male heir- the grandson of Maharaja VI. Dhar remained the [[Queen Regnant|Maharani Regnant]] till, the heir apparent, the only son of Princess III turned 18.{{Sfn|Sen|1941|p=99}}}}
|[[File:Princess_Subha_Dhar_(1952).jpg|80px]]
|24 February 1975
|7 May 2006
|{{Age in years and days|24 February 1975|7 May 2006}}
|
|-
|<small>[[Highness|HH]] [[Privy purse in India#Abolition|Titular]] [[Maharaja]] VII</small>
Vinayak Singh{{Efn|Vinayak Singh, ascended to ''Maharaja VII'' of the House of Dar because of Article VII of the ''[[Virendra Mohan Dar|Virendra Royal Succession Charter]]'' succeeding the [[Queen Regnant|Maharani Regnant]] Basu, on May 7, 2024.}}
|[[File:Crown_Sketch_of_the_House_of_Dar.svg|80x80px]]
|7 May 2024
|[[Incumbent]]
| {{Age in years and days|7 May 2024}}
|
|}


'''House of Dar'''.
==Members==
Notable direct and distant members of the family include- [[Jogesh Chandra Ghosh]], an ayurvedic scholar, founder of the [[Sadhana Aushadhalaya]] and [[Gopalpur Tea Company]]<nowiki/>and the brother of [[Sadhvi Saudamini|Maharani IV- Saudamini]].<ref>Sengupta, Subhodh Chandra; Basu, Anjali, eds. (January 2002). <bdi>যোগেশচন্দ্র ঘোষ</bdi> &#x5B;Jogesh Chandra Ghosh&#x5D;. ''Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Bibliographical Dictionary)'' (in Bengali). Vol.&#x20;1 (4th&#x20;ed.). Kolkata: Shishu Sahitya Samsad. p.&#x20;445. {{ISBN|978-81-85626-65-9}}.</ref> The Maharani V Amiyabala was the grand-daughter of educationist and philanthropist [[Peary Charan Sarkar]], founder of Barasat Peary Charan Sarkar High School and the author of the first book of reading. Amiyabala was the sister of Sir. [[Nripendra Nath Sircar]] [[Order of the Star of India|K.C.S.I]], former Advocate General of Bengal and the father of [[Padma Bhushan]] [[Birendranath Sircar|Birendra Nath Sircar]].<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Sircar, Sir Nripendra Nath, (died 1945), Law Member of Executive Council of Governor-General of India, 1934–39; late Vice-President, Viceroy's Executive Council; Leader of Indian Legislative Assembly |url=https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-231810 |journal=WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO |language=en-US |doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-231810 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250421110806/https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-231810 |archive-date=2025-04-21}}</ref> Amiyabala was the grandchild Princess Kailashkamini of Hatkhola, the grand-daughter of [[Manik Ram Basu|Maharaja Manik Ram Basu]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=BeeZone |url=http://archive.org/details/sailendrasircarcentenary |title=Sailendra Sircar Centenary |date=2019-07-03 |pages=12, 13, 14, 15 |language=Bengali}}</ref> Out of the five children of Maharaja V, one of them was Dhirendra Mohan Dhar a barrister-at-law from [[King's College London]] and a Mathematician who was married to Amiyabala. The other son was Satyendra Mohan Dhar [[Order of the Indian Empire|C.I.E]]., [[Indian Civil Service|I.C.S.]] who was married to Ava Dhar [[Order of the British Empire|M.B.E.]], [[Order of the British Empire|O.B.E.]],<ref>''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage: With Her Majesty's Royal Warrant Holders'' (1955) [[University of Michigan]], Kelly's Directories (pub) John Debrett</ref> the grand-daughter of Sir. [[Krishna Govinda Gupta]] [[Order of the Star of India|K.C.S.I.]], and the niece-in-law of Sir. [[Albion Rajkumar Banerji|Albion Banerji]]- former Prime Minister of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. Ava and Satyendra had two sons- [[Manojit Mohan Dhar]] being one of them. The sister of Maharaja VI, the Princess Royal, Pritilata is the grandmother of [[Anupama Kundoo]], an architect, professor and Auguste Perret winner.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kundoo |first=Anupama |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=jnRIAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y |title=Roger Anger: Recherche Sur la Beauté : Architecture 1953-2008 |date=2009 |publisher=Jovis |isbn=978-3-86859-006-7 |language=fr}}</ref> Grand-daughter of the Maharaja VI via his eldest daughter- Queen Mother Subha, is [[Roopa Basu]], a British designer, architect and artist.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saree Stories: Making mini sarees & unfolding their stories - South Asian Heritage Trust |url=https://southasianheritage.org.uk/events/saree-stories-making-mini-sarees-unfolding-their-stories/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |language=en-GB}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==


=== Notes ===
{{Notelist}}
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last=Basu |first=Gopi Nath |url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about?id=1lnvEQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y |title=LETTERS AND PAMPHLETS OF RAJA VIRENDRAMOHAN |date=1919-04-04 |publisher=Thacker, Spink, & Co. |editor-last=Dice Esq. |editor-first=M.R. |language=en}}
* {{Cite book
|ref={{harvid|Sen|1941}}
|last=Sen
|first=P. K.
|last2=Fitzroy
|first2=Edward
|last3=Harrington
|first3=Reginald
|title=Virendra Mohan Dar: A Biography
|year=1941
|publisher=Metcuff Printing Works
|location=Calcutta
|language=en
|url=https://books.google.co.in/books/about?id=b7nyEQAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y
}}
* {{cite book |last=Pal |first=Gurnindra |author-link= |title=রাজা বীরেন্দ্র মোহন দার এর জীবনচরিত্র |language=bn |trans-title=Raja Virendra Mohan Dar's Biography |edition=1st incomplete serialization |location=[[Calcutta]] |publisher=Kuntaline Press |publication-place=5 Shib Narayan Das Lane / 61–62 [[Bowbazar Street|Bowbazar]], [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]] |year=1908}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-hou| House of Dar | name='''House of Dar'''}}
{{S-bef| before=Ramhari Dar <br> <small>(As Patriarch in [[Dar (village)|Dar]])</small>}}
{{S-ttl | title=[[Maharaja]] / [[Jagirdar]] of [[Dar (village)|Dar]] | years=1771–1795}}
{{S-ttl | title=[[Zamindar]] of [[Dhamrai]] <br> <small>(Based at [[Nannar (village)|Nannar]] Rajbari)</small> | years=1801–1821}}
{{S-aft| after=[[Raja]] Mukund Mohan Dar<br> <small>(Heir to the Nannar Estate)</small>}}
{{S-end}}
[[Category:History of Kolkata]]
[[Category:Royal families]]
[[Category:Zamindars of Bengal]]
[[Category:Zamindari estates]]
[[Category:Noble families]]
[[Category:Royal families by continent]]
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir]]

Latest revision as of 00:28, 24 September 2026

House of Dar
دار راج
Jagirdari • Zamindari
Heraldic Crest of the King of the House of Dar
Seal of Dar Raj (Akhnoor)
Country
Current region
Place of originAkhnoor
Founded1699; 327 years ago (1699)
FounderVirendra Mohan Dar
Current headHH Maharaja VII Vinayak Singh[lower-alpha 1][1]
Style(s)
Connected members
Cadet branches
Show

House of Dar also known as Dar Raj (Bengali: দার রাজ Persian: در راج) was a Jagirdari estate which orginated in Dar region of Akhnoor in the year 1771[lower-alpha 2] under the leadership of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar during the Durrani Rule. After the collapse of the Durrani Empire, House of Dar shifted to Bengal (now Bangladesh) and established the House of Nannar.[2][3][4]

History[edit | edit source]

Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 97 by Shishir Ghosh BL- About the House of Dar[5]
Scanned copy of Book- বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য pp. 98 by Shishir Ghosh BL- About the House of Dar[5]

The House of Dar was established in the year in 1771 after Virendra Mohan Dar, the grandson of a rich Kashmiri Pandit saffron merchant- Hari Krishna Mohan Dar, was conferred the title of Raja by Ahmed Shah Durrani.[6][7] Later in 1813, the title of Bahadur was formally conferred upon Virendra Mohan Dar by Nawab Zain-ud-Din Ali Khan of Murshidabad, with the official sanction of the British Governor-General, Lord Minto I, in recognition of his significant contributions to land expansion, the construction of irrigation works, and consistent revenue payments to the East India Company.[8]

Shift to Bengal[edit | edit source]

Dhar Zamindars of Dhar Raj, Dacca, (c. 1879 Center: Raja III Hara Mohan Dhar

After the death of Ahmed Shah Durrani, the House of Durrani collapsed and the jagirs and fedual landlords started losing power in Kashmir, including the House of Dar. Due to the extreme political instability and attacks caused by the Sikh Misls the Dar Raj shifted to Bangladesh towards the end of the eighteenth century.[9][10] The House of Dar established the Char Talibari Rajbari at the Rajrajeshwar Union of Bangladesh as their primary seat but soon lost it due to the erosion caused by the Padma River.[11] In 1802, The Maharaja, established the 250-room Dhar Zamindar Bari at Nannar Village- which later came to be known as House of Nannar, a branch of the House of Dar. The Zamindari spanned over 25,000 acres of land including Rajrajeshwar, Rowail, Sharifbag,. Ashulia, Demra, Nannar, Dhamrai and Suapur.[12][13]

Residences[edit | edit source]

The House of Dar established three successive principal seats of power across Kashmir and Bengal:

The Dhar Zamindar Palace in 1869
  • Dar Haveli (Dar, Akhnoor): Established near the banks of the Chenab River, the original family seat was a traditional Kashmiri-style wooden haveli. Following his ascension, Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar expanded the estate into a five-acre palace complex featuring a Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience) and a Diwan-i-Khas supported by carved deodar pillars. The palace was destroyed by fire during a hostile Sikh incursion in 1788–1789.[14]
  • Ruins of the Dhar Zamindar Palace (Later part of Alokeshi High School) in 2015
    Rajrajeshwar Palace (Bengal): Established in 1790 on the Char Talibari tract along the Padma River, this palace served as the initial hub for the dynasty's relocation to East Bengal. Constructed with thick brick walls and elevated foundations to counter seasonal floods, the estate was permanently abandoned in 1797 after catastrophic riverbank erosion dangerously undermined the structure.[15]
  • The Private Palace Pond, Virendra Sagar, of the Dhar Zamindar Bari, 2018
    Nannar Palace (Bengal): Built between 1797 and 1801 in Dhamrai Upazila, the 250-room Nannar Rajbari (popularly known as the Dhar Zamindar Bari) served as the permanent administrative and cultural seat of the Dar Raj. Constructed on stable, flood-resistant uplands, the palace grounds featured a grand Durbar Hall, a family shrine (the Dhar Krishna Mandir), and a brick-lined reservoir called the Virendra Sagar.[16] Later in 1919 Raja IV Mohini Mohan Dhar demolished majority of the palace and converted it into Elokeshi Balika Vidyalaya, Jalsin. The other branch of the school is located in Gidhni. The palace was demolished in 2023.[17]

Establishments[edit | edit source]

Gidhni, Elokeshi High School
Alokeshi High School, Jalsin

Raja IV of the Dar Raj established two schools, namely the Elokeshi High School in Jalsin after demolishing a significant part of the Dhar Zamindar Bari. Another branch of this school was established in Gidhni- Gidhni Elokeshi High School.[17] Raja IV Dewan MM Dhar also played the leasing role in the leading of the iron ore mines in Gorumahisani along with Pramatha Nath Bose.[18] Rupsa–Baripada–Bangriposi railway line creation operation was lead and managed by the Raja IV Dewan Mohini Mohan Dhar.[18] In 25 April 1960 Raja VI Chittajit Mohan Dhar M.P.[19][20] established Perfect Chemical Industries with the help of Humayun Kabir on 39 Dum Dum Road, Calcutta.[21][22] Perfect Chemical Industries specialized in the domestic production of critical industrial and defense-related chemicals—such as benzyl benzoate and dimethyl phthalate—which helped reduce India's import dependency and saved valuable foreign exchange during its active years of operation.[23] The annual turnovers were around ₹42 to ₹45 Crores with net profits near ₹7.8 Crores, official regulatory records currently classify the company's status as "Strike Off." as of 2026[24][25] Perfect Chemical Industries shut down and was sold to Emami after the death of Chittajit Mohan Dhar in 1975.

Chittajit Mohan Dhar (center) and Humayun Kabir (right) at Perfect Chemical Industries, Dum Dum

Honours and Chivalric Orders[edit | edit source]

Amrita Bazaar Patrika news paper 11 May 1944

The House of Dar established family orders of chivalry to recognize public service, philanthropy, and contributions to society.[26]

  • Order of Dar Raj (ODR): First instituted in 1818 by Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar, the ODR is the primary order of the family estate.
  • Most Excellent Order of the House of Virendra (MHV): Introduced in 1916 by Raja Mohini Mohan Dhar, this order was created in memory of Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.

While these honours were conferred across generations, their investiture was formally documented in the regional press during the headship of Raja Dhirendra Mohan Dhar, B.L., B.Sc. On 13 May 1944, an investiture ceremony was held at Saudamini Kutir (19 Kabir Road, Calcutta), followed by a public celebration at Lahabari on 20 May 1944, where fourteen distinguished individuals were decorated with the ODR and MHV.[27]

List of people awarded ODR and MHV by the royal family, Amrita Bazaar Patrika 1944

List of Rulers[edit | edit source]

Although princely pensions, titles, and privileges were officially abolished in India in 1971, families of some former princely rulers have continued to use the old titles unofficially for certain family members, or made new ones for themselves. In some instances, the titles are used in conducting family ceremonies and traditions, to promote the ideal of princely and royal India for tourists, and to sustaining the wealth, stardom, and clout some families have retained.[28]

Part of a series on the
History of Bengal
Map of "Bengal" from Pope, G. U. (1880), Text-book of Indian History: Geographical Notes, Genealogical Tables, Examination Questions, London: W. H. Allen & Co. Pp. vii, 574, 16 maps.
Ancient Kingdoms
Classical Dynasties
Islamic Bengal
Colonial Bengal
Post-partition era
Related
List of Zamindar Maharaja's and Maharani's of The House of Dar and it's Branches[29][30]
Ruler Image Reign Consort
Start End Duration
HH Maharaja I Bahadur

Virendra Mohan Dar

1771 1821 50 years
HH Maharaja II

Mukunda Mohan Dar

1821 13 August 1875 54 years
HH Maharaja III

Hara Mohan Dhar

1876 1898 22 years
HH Maharaja IV Judge Babu

Mohini Mohan Dar

1898 15 May 1947 49 years
HH Maharaja V

Dhirendra Mohan Dar

15 May 1947 11 May 1949 1 year, 361 days
HH Maharaja VI

Chittajit Mohan Dhar

11 May 1949 24 February 1975 25 years, 289 days
HH Titular Maharani Regnant

Subha Basu Dhar[lower-alpha 3]

24 February 1975 7 May 2006 31 years, 72 days
HH Titular Maharaja VII

Vinayak Singh[lower-alpha 4]

7 May 2024 Incumbent 2 years, 140 days

Members[edit | edit source]

Notable direct and distant members of the family include- Jogesh Chandra Ghosh, an ayurvedic scholar, founder of the Sadhana Aushadhalaya and Gopalpur Tea Companyand the brother of Maharani IV- Saudamini.[32] The Maharani V Amiyabala was the grand-daughter of educationist and philanthropist Peary Charan Sarkar, founder of Barasat Peary Charan Sarkar High School and the author of the first book of reading. Amiyabala was the sister of Sir. Nripendra Nath Sircar K.C.S.I, former Advocate General of Bengal and the father of Padma Bhushan Birendra Nath Sircar.[33] Amiyabala was the grandchild Princess Kailashkamini of Hatkhola, the grand-daughter of Maharaja Manik Ram Basu.[34] Out of the five children of Maharaja V, one of them was Dhirendra Mohan Dhar a barrister-at-law from King's College London and a Mathematician who was married to Amiyabala. The other son was Satyendra Mohan Dhar C.I.E., I.C.S. who was married to Ava Dhar M.B.E., O.B.E.,[35] the grand-daughter of Sir. Krishna Govinda Gupta K.C.S.I., and the niece-in-law of Sir. Albion Banerji- former Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. Ava and Satyendra had two sons- Manojit Mohan Dhar being one of them. The sister of Maharaja VI, the Princess Royal, Pritilata is the grandmother of Anupama Kundoo, an architect, professor and Auguste Perret winner.[36] Grand-daughter of the Maharaja VI via his eldest daughter- Queen Mother Subha, is Roopa Basu, a British designer, architect and artist.[37]

References[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Vinayak Singh, ascended to Maharaja VII of the House of Dar because of Article VII of the Virendra Royal Succession Charter succeeding the Maharani Regnant Basu, on May 7, 2024.
  2. ↑ The Dar Raj foundations were laid by Hari Krishna Mohan Dar in the year 1699 in Srinagar. But the Dar Raj emerged as a powerful Jagirdari estate under the leadership of Virendra Mohan Dar from 1771.
  3. ↑ Although the House of Dar ordinarily follows agnatic primogeniture under Article II of the Virendra Royal Succession Charter, the Charter does not absolutely exclude female succession. Article VI establishes the precedence of male lines over female lines, while Article VII provides that, in the absence of eligible male descendants in both the male and female lines, the eldest surviving daughter may succeed as Maharani Regnant. Accordingly, the accession of Subha Basu Dhar as Maharani was regarded by the family as being in conformity with the provisions of the Charter rather than an exception to it until the birth of a male heir- the grandson of Maharaja VI. Dhar remained the Maharani Regnant till, the heir apparent, the only son of Princess III turned 18.[31]
  4. ↑ Vinayak Singh, ascended to Maharaja VII of the House of Dar because of Article VII of the Virendra Royal Succession Charter succeeding the Maharani Regnant Basu, on May 7, 2024.

Citations[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Sen 1941, p. 99-100.
  2. ↑ Anirban Chattopadhyay, "Virendramohan of Dar Raj: Locating Subaltern Voices in the Bengali Novel", in: Tirthankar Roy and Tapati Guha-Thakurta, eds, Literary Cartographies of Bengal, Volume 2: Textual Politics and the Colonial State, Kolkata: Academic Publishers, 2014, pp. 114-132.
  3. ↑ Mukherjee, Ramesh Chandra (1987-07-21). Mahārāja Vīrendra Mohan Dār of Akhnūr. Nīldhôni Prokāśônā. pp. 28, 29, 30.
  4. ↑ Singh, Ravinath. (1974). The life and death of Virendra of Dhar Raj: A critical analysis of the final siege of Dhar. In K. P. Acharya & D. Sharma (Eds.), Historiography of the Central Provinces: Vol. 4. The Paramara Epoch (A. M. C. Hollingbery, Trans.; 3rd ed., pp. 412, 414, 419, 421–485). Oriental Research Publishing House. (Original work published 1921).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 বাংলার জমিদারি রাজ্য, শ্রী শিশির ঘোষ বি.এল. 1950-Machuabajar, Beadon Street, Calcutta- Hendon Printing, 14 Machuabazar, Kolkata
  6. ↑ BL, Jitendranath Ghose (1931-07-21). The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار. Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931. pp. 16, 17.
  7. ↑ Badal, M. N. C. (1949-06-11). ZAMĪNDĀRS OF EARLY BAṄGĀL AND EAST PĀKISTĀN AND DECLINE OF ZAMĪNDĀR SYSTEM. Baṅgāl Granthālaya Prakāśan. pp. 55, 56, 57.
  8. ↑ Sen 1941, p. 151.
  9. ↑ Nalinikanta Bhattacharya (1938-04-18). Dar Raj (Dhar Raj) of Akhnur and Dhaka.
  10. ↑ Basu 1919, p. 45, 46.
  11. ↑ BL, Jitendranath Ghose (1931-07-21). The Raja of Dar- Life and Legacy of Virendra Vasudev of Dar- ویرِندرا واسودِو موهان دار. Bridgebit Printing Works, Bowbajaar, Calcutta 1931. pp. 36, 37, 28, 39.
  12. ↑ Basu 1919, p. 21-28.
  13. ↑ Sen 1941, p. 141, 142.
  14. ↑ Pal 1908, p. 122.
  15. ↑ Pal 1908, p. 276.
  16. ↑ Pal 1908, p. 298.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 The Dhar Family- Succession (Private collection of the Dhar Raj family). Metcuff Printing Works 34 Mechuabazar Street, Calcutta. 1933-10-28. pp. 145, 146, 147.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Odisha (India); Orissa (India) (1967). Orissa District Gazetteers: Mayurbhanj. Superintendent, Orissa Government Press. pp. 38, 39.
  19. ↑ Bollyy. "Shashi Kapoor's First Solo Hero Hit 'Jab Jab Phool Khile' Marks 60 Years Since Its 1965 Release". bollyy.com. Retrieved 2026-08-19.
  20. ↑ Tripathi, Shanti Swaroop. "Jab Jab Phool Khile 1965 film: शशि कपूर की पहली सोलो हिट 'जब जब फूल खिले' — 1965 की यादगार सुपरहिट फिल्म". mayapuri.com (in हिन्दी). Retrieved 2026-08-28.
  21. ↑ The Commercial and Financial Chronicle. William B. Dana Company. 1962. p. 17.
  22. ↑ Indian Chemical Directory. Vol. XI. Technical Press Publications. 1975. p. 153 – via University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
  23. ↑ India, India Office of the Registrar of Newspapers for (1966). Press in India: Annual Report of the Registrar of Newspapers for India. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 529.
  24. ↑ SensiBook. "PERFECT CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES | Financials & Director Contacts". SensiBook. Retrieved 2026-08-19.
  25. ↑ "Prof Humayun Kabir at Dum Dum Chemical Factory". Bombay Times Newspaper.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ↑ Pal 1908, p. 199.
  27. ↑ "A Social Gathering". Amritabazaar Patrika. 11 May 1944. p. 6.
  28. ↑ * Karatchkova, Elena (2016) [2007], "Ghost Towns and Bustling Cities: Constructing a Master Narrative in Nineteenth-Century Jaipur", Raj Rhapsodies: Tourism, Heritage, and the Seductions of History, p. 30, ISBN 9781317071624, The contemporary master narrative for Jaipur and Amber is 'royalty'. This theme is ubiquitous in tourist publications, such as Majestic Jaipur (Wheeler 1998). Royal personalities are emphasized, as in Jaipur: The Royal City. One article on tourist attractions of Jaipur features a full-page photograph of Maharaja Bhawani Singh, in full regalia, with his wife and daughter, all identified as 'the present royal family'
    • Aldrich, Robert; McCreery, Cindy (2016), "European sovereigns and their empires 'beyond the seas'", in Robert Aldrich, Cindy McCreery (ed.), Crowns and colonies: European monarchies and overseas empires, Studies in Imperialism Book 142, Manchester University Press, p. 43, ISBN 9781526100894, Although Prime Minister Indira Gandhi deprived the India princes of their official titles and privy purses in 1971, the maharajas and other princes, such as the traditional Maharana of Udaipur, who now styles himself as the 'Custodian' of the House of Mewar in Rajasthan, retain wealth, influence and celebrity; in 2015, a twenty-three-year-old economics graduate was thus installed as the most recent Maharajah of Mysore.
    • Ramusack, Barbara N. (2004). The Indian princes and their states. Cambridge University Press. p. 279. ISBN 978-0-521-26727-4. The princes of India offer fantasy for post-modern consumption. Faced with escalating maintenance costs and declining sources of income, princely entrepreneurs transformed palaces into hotels where tourists could experience an idealised, pampered lifestyle of royalty during a democratic era. In 1954 Karan Singh of Jammu and Kashmir leased his main palace in Srinagar to the Oberoi chain; it seems appropriate that he became minister for tourism and civil aviation in 1967 in Indira Gandhi's government. In 1958 the Rambagh Palace Hotel opened in Jaipur followed by the much photographed Lake Palace Hotel in Udaipur in the early 1960s
  29. ↑ সেন, প্রণব কুমার (1941-05-04). বীরেন্দ্র মোহন দরের জীবনচরিত (in Bengali). শতভিষা প্রকাশন, ১২/১বি, বঙ্কিম চ্যাটার্জি স্ট্রিট. pp. 252–264.
  30. ↑ سین, پی۔ کے۔ (1941-01-14). ویرندراموهان دار از آخنور – زندگی و مرگ – یک زندگی‌نامه (in فارسی). انجمن کتاب گھر، لاہور. pp. 195, 196, 197, 198.
  31. ↑ Sen 1941, p. 99.
  32. ↑ Sengupta, Subhodh Chandra; Basu, Anjali, eds. (January 2002). যোগেশচন্দ্র ঘোষ [Jogesh Chandra Ghosh]. Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan (Bibliographical Dictionary) (in Bengali). Vol. 1 (4th ed.). Kolkata: Shishu Sahitya Samsad. p. 445. ISBN 978-81-85626-65-9.
  33. ↑ "Sircar, Sir Nripendra Nath, (died 1945), Law Member of Executive Council of Governor-General of India, 1934–39; late Vice-President, Viceroy's Executive Council; Leader of Indian Legislative Assembly". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-231810. Archived from the original on 2025-04-21.
  34. ↑ BeeZone (2019-07-03). Sailendra Sircar Centenary (in Bengali). pp. 12, 13, 14, 15.
  35. ↑ Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage: With Her Majesty's Royal Warrant Holders (1955) University of Michigan, Kelly's Directories (pub) John Debrett
  36. ↑ Kundoo, Anupama (2009). Roger Anger: Recherche Sur la Beauté : Architecture 1953-2008 (in français). Jovis. ISBN 978-3-86859-006-7.
  37. ↑ "Saree Stories: Making mini sarees & unfolding their stories - South Asian Heritage Trust". Retrieved 2026-08-13.

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

House of Dar
House of Dar
Preceded by
Ramhari Dar
(As Patriarch in Dar) 		Maharaja / Jagirdar of Dar
1771–1795 		Zamindar of Dhamrai
(Based at Nannar Rajbari)
1801–1821 		Succeeded by
Raja Mukund Mohan Dar
(Heir to the Nannar Estate)
Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=House_of_Dar&oldid=563537"
Discover more