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{{Short description|City in Maharashtra, India}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Other uses}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2016}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
<!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->
<!-- See [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Kalyan
| name                     = Kalyan
| settlement_type                 = [[City]]<br />[[Mumbai Metropolitan Region|Mumbai Metropolitan City]]
| settlement_type         = [[City]]<br />[[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]]
| image_skyline                   =  
| image_skyline           =  
| nickname                       =  
Kalyan Railway Yard, Kalyan, Maharashtra, India - panoramio (2).jpg
| map_alt                         =  
| nickname                 =  
| map_caption                     =  
| map_alt                 =  
| pushpin_map                     = India Maharashtra#India
| map_caption             =
| pushpin_label_position          = right
| pushpin_label_position =  
| pushpin_map_alt                 =  
| pushpin_map       = India Maharashtra#India
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location of Kalyan in [[Maharashtra]]
| pushpin_map_alt   =  
| coordinates                     = {{coord|19.24|N|73.13|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maharashtra, India
| subdivision_type               = Country
| coordinates             = {{coord|19.24|N|73.13|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name               = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and Territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and Territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Thane district|Thane]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Maharashtra]]
| established_title               = <!-- Established -->
| subdivision_name2       = [[Thane district|Thane]]
| government_type                 = [[Municipal Corporation]]
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| governing_body                 = [[Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation]]
| government_type         = [[Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title                   = [[Mayor]]
| governing_body           = [[Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_name                     = [[Vinita V. Rane]] ([[Shiv Sena]])
| leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| leader_name             = Vinita Rane ([[Shiv Sena (1966–2022)|Shiv Sena]])
| area_footnotes                 =  
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_total_km2                 = 137.15
| area_footnotes           =  
| area_rank                       =  
| area_total_km2           = 137.15
| elevation_footnotes             =  
| area_rank               =  
| elevation_m                     = 8.84
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| population_total               = 1,246,381 (with [[Dombivli]])
| elevation_m             = 8.84
| population_as_of               = 2011
| population_total         = 1,246,381 (with [[Dombivli]])
| population_footnotes           =  
| population_as_of         = 2011
| population_density_km2         = auto
| population_footnotes     =  
| population_rank                 =  
| population_density_km2   = auto
| population_demonym             = Kalyankar
| population_rank         = [[List of most populous cities in India|29th]]
| demographics_type1             = [[Languages]]
| population_demonym       = Kalyankar
| demographics1_title1           = [[Official]]
| demographics_type1       = [[Languages]]
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| demographics1_title1     = [[Official]]
| utc_offset1                     = +5:30
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| postal_code_type               = [[Postal Index Number|PIN CODE]]
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| postal_code                     = 421301(Kalyan (West)) 421304 (Kalyan (S.O.)) 421306 (Kalyan (East))
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal Index Number|PIN CODE]]
| registration_plate             = [[List of RTO districts in India#MH.E2.80.94Maharashtra|MH]]-05
| postal_code             = 421301(Kalyan (West)) 421304 (Kalyan (S.O.)) 421306 (Kalyan (East))
| unemployment_rate               =  
| registration_plate       = [[List of RTO districts in India#MH.E2.80.94Maharashtra|MH]]-05
| blank1_name_sec1               = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| unemployment_rate       =  
| blank1_info_sec1               = 917 females/1000 males [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank1_name_sec1         = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| website                         =  
| blank1_info_sec1         = 917 females/1000 males [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| footnotes                       =  
| website                 =  
| leader_title2                   = [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| footnotes               =  
| leader_name2                   = Dr Vijay Suryawanshi
| leader_title2           = [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader_title3                   = [[Deputy Mayor]]
| leader_name2             = Dr. Indurani Jakhar
| leader_name3                   = Moreshwar Shreeram Bhoir ([[BJP]])
| leader_title3           = [[Deputy Mayor]]
| demographics1_info1             = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| leader_name3             = Moreshwar Bhoir ([[Bharatiya Janata Party]])
| blank2_name_sec1               = [[Literacy Rate]]
| demographics1_info1     = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| blank2_info_sec1               = 93.06%
| blank2_name_sec1         = [[Literacy Rate]]
| blank3_name_sec1               = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1         = 93.06%
| blank3_info_sec1               = [[Kalyan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kalyan]]
| blank3_name_sec1         = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank4_name_sec1               = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1         = [[Kalyan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kalyan]] which covers Kalyan East & Kalyan Rural Vidhansabha Constituencies, Bhiwandi Loksabha Constituency which covers Kalyan West Vidhansabha Constituency
| blank4_info_sec1               = Kalyan
| blank4_name_sec1         = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank5_name_sec1               = Civic agency
| blank4_info_sec1         = Kalyan East, Kalyan West, Kalyan Rural
| blank5_info_sec1               = [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]]
| blank5_name_sec1         = Civic agency
| official_name                   =  
| blank5_info_sec1         = [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]]
| official_name           =  
}}
}}
'''Kalyan''' is a city in [[Thane district]] of [[Maharashtra]] state in [[Konkan division]] and a part of [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]] (MMR). It is a neighbouring city of [[Mumbai]] and is governed by [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]].
'''Kalyan''' (Pronunciation: [[Help:IPA/Marathi|[kəljaːɳ]]]) is a city on the banks of [[Ulhas River]] in [[Thane district]] of [[Maharashtra]] state in [[Konkan division]]. It is governed by [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]]. Kalyan is a subdivision ([[Taluka]]) of [[Thane district]]. Kalyan and its neighbouring township of [[Dombivli]] jointly form [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]], abbreviated as KDMC. It is a founding city of the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]].
 
Kalyan is within the [[administrative division]] (''[[tahsil]]'') at a [[taluka]] level of [[Thane district]]. Kalyan and its neighbouring township of [[Dombivli]] jointly form [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]], abbreviated as KDMC. It is a founding city corporation of the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]]. Kalyan is the 9th biggest city in Maharashtra and 28th in the country.


==History==
==History==
The name 'Kalyan' is believed to be from Kalyan swami, a great disciple of Sadguru Samartha Ramdas Swami who arrived at Durga Devi temple on Shri Durgadi fort, which was won by Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and the fort was well used as Navy stations in Swarajya dynasty. The temple is renovated several times by Hindus. A big fair is held at Durgadi fort in Navratri.
Kalyan served as an important port in [[Classical India]]. Records of its existence as a port in the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts, particularly in ''[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]''. However, Kalyan is not mentioned in Ptolemy's ''[[Geography (Ptolemy)|Geography]]'' (c. 150 CE).<ref name="IGNOUBlock1">
 
{{cite book
In pre-independent India, the [[British Raj]] spelled Kalyan as ''Kallian'', ''Cullian'', ''Callian'' and sometimes as ''Callianee''. Over the centuries, the city has seen attacks by various foreign armies, including the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]], the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] and the [[United Kingdom|British]]. The [[Marathas]] were held in high regard by the locals for being their only line of defense against invasions. {{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
| title = State and Society in South Asia: An Historical Introduction
 
| publisher = Indira Gandhi National Open University
Walter Hamilton, a foreign visitor passing through India, described ''Callianee'' as '<nowiki/>''A Geographical, Statistical, and Historical Description of Hindustan, and the Adjacent Counties''' in Volume 2 on page 150 of his 1820 book.
| location = New Delhi
 
| year = 2021
<gallery>
| pages = 40, 48
File:Kalyan 1857.jpg|A post 1857 map by John Tallis focused on the events of the Rebellion. The author spells Kalyan as "KALYAN LANJA"/"Calliannee".
| url = https://www.egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/67704/1/Block-1.pdf
File:Kalyan by Edward Weller (1859).jpg|India, by Edward Weller, for the Weekly Dispatch Magazine, c.1859. Spelled "Callianee".
| access-date = 2025-04-23
File:Kalyan 1861.jpg|"India," 1861, a map by J. and C. Walker. Spelled as "Killiannee".
}}</ref>
File:Kalyan 1873.jpg|"India", by Alexander Keith Johnson, from his "Royal Atlas of Modern Geography," London, 1873. Spelled "Kalyan".
File:Central and South Asia, from the first edition of the 'Allgemeiner Hand-Atlas' by Richard Andree (Leipzig- Verlag con Velhagen & Klasing, 1881) south east.jpg|Leipzig: Verlag con Velhagen & Klasing, 1881. Spelled as "Kalyan"
File:Kalyan 1883.jpg|Letts's Popular Atlas, 1883 (Letts & Co., London), Spelled "Kalliannee".
File:Kalyan 1885.jpg|Cram atlas map, 1885. Spelled as "Callian".
File:Kalyan 1955.jpg|A documented map of Kalyan area 1955 from the US military. Spelled "Kalyan".
</gallery>
 
[[File:Anandibai Joshee, Kei Okami, and Tabat M. Islambooly.jpg|thumb|Anandibai Joshi graduated from Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania (WMC) in 1886. Seen here with [[Kei Okami]] (center) and [[Tabat Islambooly]] (right). All three completed their medical studies, and each was the first woman from their respective countries to obtain a degree in Western medicine.]]
 
[[Anandi Gopal Joshi]], from Kalyan, along with [[Kadambini Ganguly]], was one of the first two [[Indian people|Indian]] women<ref>{{cite book|title=The Women's Book of World Records and Achievements|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0385127332|url-access=registration|author=Eron, Carol<!-- for the chapter -->|editor=O'Neill, Lois Decker|publisher=Anchor Press|year=1979|page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0385127332/page/204 204]|chapter=Women in Medicine and Health Care|isbn=0-385-12733-2|quote=First Hindu Woman Doctor}}</ref> to obtain a degree in [[Western medicine]]. An 1886 graduate, Joshi is also believed to be the first [[Hindu]] woman to set foot on American soil.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pri.org/stories/2013-07-12/historical-photos-depict-women-medical-pioneers |title=Historical Photos Depict Women Medical Pioneers |publisher=Public Radio International |date=12 July 2013 |access-date=29 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://deshdaaz.blogspot.com/2014/10/anandabai-gopal-joshia-forgotten-indian.html|title=Anandabai Gopal Joshi....A forgotten Indian icon|publisher=Deshdaaz |date=29 October 2014}}</ref>
 
There are many historic temples on banks of lakes like Kala Talav and Pokharan in old Kalyan. The Samadhis of Saints Shri Sahajanand Swami, Shri Rammaruti Maharaj and Shri Malang Baba are situated in Kalyan, which makes the city spiritually capitalized. Fairs on Hindu new year day- Gudhi Padwa, Ganeshotsav and Navratri are good to watch. Oldest school in Kalyan is SUBHEDAR WADA HIGH SCHOOL which was the house of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaja's Subhedar. India's first Ganesh Utsav was started in this house by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
 
==Around Kalyan==
 
===Durgadi Fort===
[[File:Durgadi Fort Enterance.jpg|left|thumb|240px|Kalyan's Durgadi Fort entrance]]
The city of Kalyan was surrounded by a fort wall, the construction of which began during Shah Jahan's reign and was completed during Aurangzeb's reign in 1694 A.D. This city wall, which ran in excess of 2000 yards, 2123 to be precise, was guarded by 4 gates and 11 towers. The fort wall enclosed an area of 70 acres and on a high mound near the Kalyan creek, where the current Ganesh ghat stands, was a fine fort since as early as 1570.
 
The wall of the fort along the top of the inner bank of the ditch, and, near the north end, had a gateway known as the Delhi or Killyacha Darwaja. {{citation needed|date=May 2014}}


Under the Marathas (1760–72), a new gate about {{convert|150|ft|m}} to the south of the Ganesh gate was opened near the mansion of Ramji Mahadeo Biwalkar, the Peshwa's Governor. In the citadel of the fort Marathas built a small wooden temple of Durgadevi behind the mosque, and called the fort Durgadi Killain in honor of the goddess, a name which it still bears. The fort measures {{convert|220|ft|m}} in length and somewhat less in breadth. Under the English rule, the fort wall was dismantled and stones carried to build the Kalyan and Thane piers and a dwelling for the customs inspector in the west of the Kalyan fort. The gate to the north-west is almost the only trace of the fort wall, which is of rough stone masonry. During 1876 the original idol of the goddess Durga was stolen.<ref>Page no. 120, The Gazetteers of Bombay Presidency, Thane 3rd Edition</ref>
The city has remains from the [[Mughal Empire]], [[Sultanate of Bijapur]], and the [[Maratha Empire]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Rede |first=Gayatri |date=December 2023 |title="Communities and Monuments: A Tale of Changed Settlement at Kalyan, Maharashtra, India." |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Gayatri-Rede/publication/388091730_Communities_and_Monuments_A_Tale_of_Changed_Settlement_at_Kalyan_Maharashtra_India/links/678a02be98c4e967fa67053e/Communities-and-Monuments-A-Tale-of-Changed-Settlement-at-Kalyan-Maharashtra-India.pdf |journal=[[Heritage Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology]] |volume=11.2 |pages=722, 733 |via=ResearchGate}}</ref> The [[Durgadi Fort|Durgadi fort]], first constructed under Mughal rule, is one such example.<ref name=":0" />
[[File:Kala Talao 1.jpg|thumb|Kala Talao, a historic lake]]


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
The majority of Kalyan citizens are [[Hindu]]s with [[Muslim]]s being a majority too.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}}.
The majority of Kalyan citizens are [[Hindu]]s and [[Muslim]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2011 Census - Religion (Maharashtra) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11382/download/14495/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS}}</ref>


==Climate==
==Climate==
Kalyan is characterized by koppen classification Aw (tropical monsoon), with high rainfall during the monsoon season and dry season year around. Because of Kalyan's proximity to the sea, it experiences greater diurnal temperature variations, especially during winter, when on some days the average high would reach 34&nbsp;°C, with average lows near 14-15&nbsp;°C. Kalyan's humidity is also lower than Mumbai during the winter season and pre-summer (March–April) though it has seen high dew points, particularly in the month of May, with near to 30&nbsp;°C dew points. Kalyan receives heavy rainfall during June–September.


{{Weather box
{{Weather box
Line 115: Line 95:
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high C = 29.3
|Jan high C = 29.3
|Feb high C = 34.7
|Feb high C = 33.7
|Mar high C = 43.6
|Mar high C = 34.6
|Apr high C = 48.7
|Apr high C = 35.7
|May high C = 38.7
|May high C = 34.7
|Jun high C = 31.9
|Jun high C = 31.9
|Jul high C = 29.8
|Jul high C = 29.8
Line 149: Line 129:
|Oct precipitation mm = 87.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 87.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 20.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 20.6
|Dec precipitation mm = 2.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 2.1
 
|source = [http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Thane/Climate-%20table.html Government of Maharashtra]
|source = [http://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Thane/Climate-%20table.html Government of Maharashtra]
|date = June 2012
|date = June 2012
Line 155: Line 136:


== Transport ==
== Transport ==
Trains, Buses and Auto-rickshaws are the important mode of transport in and around Kalyan. 200,000 Kalyan citizens travel daily by local trains.<ref>{{cite news |title= ''रिक्षाचालकांविरोधात प्रवासांचा एल्गार'' (''Rikṣācālakāṃvirōdhāt Pravāsāṃcā Ēlgār'')|publisher= Sakal Publications |location= Kalyan, Thane |page=6 |date= 24 February 2015|language= mr }}</ref>
[[Kalyan Junction railway station]] is on the railway line between Mumbai and [[Karjat]]/[[Kasara]]. Kalyan has access to four railway stations on the Central line - [[Thakurli]] Station, [[Vitthalwadi]], [[Shahad]] Station and '''Kalyan''' Junction. Kalyan Junction serves as an important railway station for the people in and around [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/mumbai-cst-bound-local-train-derails-near-kalyan-1-feared-dead_919143.html|title=Mumbai CST-bound local train derails near Kalyan, 1 killed|date=20 March 2014|work=Zee Media|publisher=Essel|access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref>
 
[[Kalyan Junction railway station]] is on the railway line between Mumbai and [[Karjat]]/[[Kasara]]. The city of Kalyan has access to four railway stations on the Central line - [[Thakurli]] Station, [[Vitthalwadi]], [[Shahad]] Station and '''Kalyan''' Junction. Kalyan Junction serves as an important railway station for the people in and around [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/mumbai-cst-bound-local-train-derails-near-kalyan-1-feared-dead_919143.html|title=Mumbai CST-bound local train derails near Kalyan, 1 killed|date=20 March 2014|work=Zee Media|publisher=Essel|access-date=28 May 2014}}</ref>


==Civic amenities==
==Civic amenities==


With a population of more than 700,000, Kalyan is a part of the [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]] established in 1983, with municipalities of Kalyan, Dombivli, [[Ambernath]] and 81 other villages. It was then one of the largest urban local bodies in [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region]] (MMR) and in the state, with an area around {{cvt|209|km2}}. The government of Maharashtra has decided to delete major area of the corporation limits on different occasions.{{clarify|date=June 2018}} Presently the total area of the corporation has remained, and measures about {{cvt|67|km2}}.
With a population of more than 700,000, Kalyan is a part of the [[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation]] established in 1983, with municipalities of Kalyan, Dombivli, [[Ambernath]] and 81 other villages.{{clarify|date=June 2018}}


==Government==
==Government==
[[Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation|KDMC]] is a municipal corporation in Thane district of Maharashtra State, India. The municipal corporation was formed in 1983 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. The municipal corporation has a population 15,18,762 citizens as per the 2011 census.
[[Kalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation|KDMC]] is a municipal corporation in Thane district of Maharashtra State, India. The municipal corporation was formed in 1983 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. The municipal corporation has a population 15,18,762 citizens as per the 2011 census. Due to its highly educated population, it is often called the second cultural capital of Maharashtra after Pune.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalyan - Second cultural capital of Maharashtra |url=https://www.kalyanonline.in/guide}}</ref>
Due to its highly educated population it is often called the second cultural capital of Maharashtra after Pune. Kalyan was once famous as a port in ancient times. Records of its existence as a premier port in the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts.


The corporation is governed by Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporation Act 1949. The following authorities are given charge to carry out the provisions of the act:
The corporation is governed by Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporation Act 1949. The following authorities are given charge to implement the provisions of the act:
* A corporation
* A corporation
* A standing committee
* A standing committee
Line 173: Line 151:
* Municipal commissioner
* Municipal commissioner


Both the cities are divided into 122 wards. Municipal Corporation consists of Councillors elected directly at Ward Elections. The number and boundaries of the Wards into which the city is divided is specified by the State Election Commissioner.
Both the cities are divided into 122 wards. Municipal Corporation consists of Councillors elected directly at Ward Elections. The number and boundaries of the Wards into which the city is divided is specified by the State Election Commissioner. There are five Councillors nominated by the corporation.  
There are five Councillors nominated by the corporation.  
As per the provisions of the Act, the total number of Councillors is 121.
As per the provisions of the Act, the total number of Councillors is 121.
The Corporation elects one of its members as the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.kalyancity.com/Govt_Offices.php| title=Government in Kalyan| author=kalyancity.com| publisher=kalyancity.com}}</ref>
The Corporation elects one of its members as the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.kalyancity.com/Govt_Offices.php| title=Government in Kalyan| author=kalyancity.com| publisher=kalyancity.com}}</ref>
=== Municipal finance ===
According to financial data published on the CityFinance Portal of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs,<ref>{{cite web |title=Kalyan–Dombivli Municipal Corporation Finance |url=https://www.cityfinance.in/municipal-data/city/kalyan-dombivli |publisher=CityFinance Portal, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs |access-date=16 March 2026}}</ref> the Kalyan–Dombivli Municipal Corporation reported total revenue receipts of ₹1,247 crore (US$150 million) and total expenditure of ₹1,195 crore (US$143 million) in 2022–23. Tax revenue accounted for about 39.1% of the total revenue, while the corporation received ₹298 crore in grants during the financial year.
==Schools and colleges==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a school or college to this list if it already has its own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->
*[[Birla College of Arts, Science & Commerce]]
*[[Mar Thoma Special School for Children in Need of Special Care]]


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:KDMTBus.jpg|KDMT Buses
File:KDMTBus.jpg|KDMT Buses
File:Kalyan Railway Station During Floods.jpg|Kalyan Junction during the 26 July floods
File:Kalyan Railway Station During Floods.jpg|Kalyan Junction during the 26 July 2005 floods
File:Kalyan Junction station on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway near Bombay LCCN2004707348.tif|Kalyan Junction
File:Kalyan Junction station on the Great Indian Peninsula Railway near Bombay LCCN2004707348.tif|Kalyan Junction
File:Kalyan 1857.jpg|A post 1857 map by John Tallis focused on the events of the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Rebellion]]. The author spells Kalyan as "KALYAN LANJA"/"Calliannee".
File:Kalyan 1883.jpg|Letts's Popular Atlas, 1883 (Letts & Co., London), Spelled "Kalliannee".
File:Kalyan 1885.jpg|Cram atlas map, 1885. Spelled as "Callian".
File:Kalyan 1955.jpg|A documented map of Kalyan area 1955 from the US military. Spelled "Kalyan".
File:Kala Talao 1.jpg|Kala Talao, a historic lake
</gallery>
</gallery>


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->  
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦--->  
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->  
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->  
* [[Vishwanath Bhoir]]{{ndash}}  MLA, (Kalyan West)
* [[Vishwanath Bhoir]]{{ndash}}  MLA, (Kalyan West)
* [[Tushar Deshpande]] {{ndash}} Indian Cricketer. (Fast Bowler)
* [[Tushar Deshpande]] {{ndash}} Indian cricketer. (Fast bowler)
* [[Pranav Dhanawade]] {{ndash}} Indian Cricketer. (Record holder for most runs 1009*)
* [[Pranav Dhanawade]] {{ndash}} Indian cricketer. (Record holder for most runs 1009*)
* [[Ashish Dixit]] {{ndash}} Indian Actor
* [[Ganpat Gaikwad]]{{ndash}}  MLA, BJP (Kalyan East)
* [[Ganpat Gaikwad]]{{ndash}}  MLA, BJP (Kalyan East)
* [[Anandi Gopal Joshi]] {{ndash}} first Indian female physician
* [[Anandi Gopal Joshi]] {{ndash}} first Indian female physician
Line 199: Line 188:
* [[Lalit Prabhakar]] {{ndash}} Indian actor
* [[Lalit Prabhakar]] {{ndash}} Indian actor
* [[Shrikant Shinde]] {{ndash}} Member of Parliament (Kalyan)
* [[Shrikant Shinde]] {{ndash}} Member of Parliament (Kalyan)
* [[Sneha Wagh]] {{ndash}} Indian Television actress


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Cities and towns in Thane district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Thane district]]
[[Category:Suburbs of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Talukas in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Kalyan-Dombivli]]
[[Category:Kalyan-Dombivli]]

Latest revision as of 12:26, 16 March 2026

For other uses, see Kalyan (disambiguation).

Kalyan
City
Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Kalyan is located in Maharashtra
Kalyan
Kalyan
Location in Maharashtra, India
Kalyan is located in India
Kalyan
Kalyan
Kalyan (India)
Coordinates: 19°14′N 73°08′E / 19.24°N 73.13°E / 19.24; 73.13
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DistrictThane
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyKalyan-Dombivali Municipal Corporation
 • MayorVinita Rane (Shiv Sena)
 • Municipal CommissionerDr. Indurani Jakhar
 • Deputy MayorMoreshwar Bhoir (Bharatiya Janata Party)
Area
 • Total137.15 km2 (52.95 sq mi)
Elevation
8.84 m (29.00 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total1,246,381 (with Dombivli)
 • Rank29th
DemonymKalyankar
Languages
 • OfficialMarathi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN CODE
421301(Kalyan (West)) 421304 (Kalyan (S.O.)) 421306 (Kalyan (East))
Vehicle registrationMH-05
Sex ratio917 females/1000 males ♂/♀
Literacy Rate93.06%
Lok Sabha constituencyKalyan which covers Kalyan East & Kalyan Rural Vidhansabha Constituencies, Bhiwandi Loksabha Constituency which covers Kalyan West Vidhansabha Constituency
Vidhan Sabha constituencyKalyan East, Kalyan West, Kalyan Rural
Civic agencyKalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation

Kalyan (Pronunciation: [kəljaːɳ]) is a city on the banks of Ulhas River in Thane district of Maharashtra state in Konkan division. It is governed by Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation. Kalyan is a subdivision (Taluka) of Thane district. Kalyan and its neighbouring township of Dombivli jointly form Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is a founding city of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region.

History[edit | edit source]

Kalyan served as an important port in Classical India. Records of its existence as a port in the region have been found in ancient Greek manuscripts, particularly in Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. However, Kalyan is not mentioned in Ptolemy's Geography (c. 150 CE).[1]

The city has remains from the Mughal Empire, Sultanate of Bijapur, and the Maratha Empire.[2] The Durgadi fort, first constructed under Mughal rule, is one such example.[2]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

The majority of Kalyan citizens are Hindus and Muslims.[3]

Climate[edit | edit source]

Kalyan is characterized by koppen classification Aw (tropical monsoon), with high rainfall during the monsoon season and dry season year around. Because of Kalyan's proximity to the sea, it experiences greater diurnal temperature variations, especially during winter, when on some days the average high would reach 34 °C, with average lows near 14-15 °C. Kalyan's humidity is also lower than Mumbai during the winter season and pre-summer (March–April) though it has seen high dew points, particularly in the month of May, with near to 30 °C dew points. Kalyan receives heavy rainfall during June–September.

Climate data for Kalyan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29.3
(84.7) 		33.7
(92.7) 		34.6
(94.3) 		35.7
(96.3) 		34.7
(94.5) 		31.9
(89.4) 		29.8
(85.6) 		29.3
(84.7) 		30.1
(86.2) 		32.9
(91.2) 		33.4
(92.1) 		32.0
(89.6) 		32.3
(90.1)
Average low °C (°F) 14.6
(58.3) 		16.3
(61.3) 		19.6
(67.3) 		25.7
(78.3) 		26.1
(79.0) 		25.8
(78.4) 		24.8
(76.6) 		24.5
(76.1) 		24.0
(75.2) 		23.1
(73.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		18.2
(64.8) 		21.9
(71.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2.3
(0.09) 		1.0
(0.04) 		0.8
(0.03) 		1.8
(0.07) 		13.5
(0.53) 		432.6
(17.03) 		946.1
(37.25) 		553.3
(21.78) 		294.1
(11.58) 		87.1
(3.43) 		20.6
(0.81) 		2.1
(0.08) 		2,355.3
(92.72)
Source: Government of Maharashtra

Transport[edit | edit source]

Kalyan Junction railway station is on the railway line between Mumbai and Karjat/Kasara. Kalyan has access to four railway stations on the Central line - Thakurli Station, Vitthalwadi, Shahad Station and Kalyan Junction. Kalyan Junction serves as an important railway station for the people in and around Mumbai.[4]

Civic amenities[edit | edit source]

With a population of more than 700,000, Kalyan is a part of the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation established in 1983, with municipalities of Kalyan, Dombivli, Ambernath and 81 other villages.[clarification needed]

Government[edit | edit source]

KDMC is a municipal corporation in Thane district of Maharashtra State, India. The municipal corporation was formed in 1983 to administer the twin townships of Kalyan and Dombivli. The municipal corporation has a population 15,18,762 citizens as per the 2011 census. Due to its highly educated population, it is often called the second cultural capital of Maharashtra after Pune.[5]

The corporation is governed by Bombay Provincial Municipal Corporation Act 1949. The following authorities are given charge to implement the provisions of the act:

  • A corporation
  • A standing committee
  • Ward committees
  • Municipal commissioner

Both the cities are divided into 122 wards. Municipal Corporation consists of Councillors elected directly at Ward Elections. The number and boundaries of the Wards into which the city is divided is specified by the State Election Commissioner. There are five Councillors nominated by the corporation. As per the provisions of the Act, the total number of Councillors is 121. The Corporation elects one of its members as the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor.[6]

Municipal finance[edit | edit source]

According to financial data published on the CityFinance Portal of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs,[7] the Kalyan–Dombivli Municipal Corporation reported total revenue receipts of ₹1,247 crore (US$150 million) and total expenditure of ₹1,195 crore (US$143 million) in 2022–23. Tax revenue accounted for about 39.1% of the total revenue, while the corporation received ₹298 crore in grants during the financial year.

Schools and colleges[edit | edit source]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • KDMT Buses
    KDMT Buses
  • Kalyan Junction during the 26 July 2005 floods
    Kalyan Junction during the 26 July 2005 floods
  • Kalyan Junction
    Kalyan Junction
  • A post 1857 map by John Tallis focused on the events of the Rebellion. The author spells Kalyan as "KALYAN LANJA"/"Calliannee".
    A post 1857 map by John Tallis focused on the events of the Rebellion. The author spells Kalyan as "KALYAN LANJA"/"Calliannee".
  • Letts's Popular Atlas, 1883 (Letts & Co., London), Spelled "Kalliannee".
    Letts's Popular Atlas, 1883 (Letts & Co., London), Spelled "Kalliannee".
  • Cram atlas map, 1885. Spelled as "Callian".
    Cram atlas map, 1885. Spelled as "Callian".
  • A documented map of Kalyan area 1955 from the US military. Spelled "Kalyan".
    A documented map of Kalyan area 1955 from the US military. Spelled "Kalyan".
  • Kala Talao, a historic lake
    Kala Talao, a historic lake

Notable people[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ State and Society in South Asia: An Historical Introduction (PDF). New Delhi: Indira Gandhi National Open University. 2021. pp. 40, 48. Retrieved 23 April 2025.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rede, Gayatri (December 2023). ""Communities and Monuments: A Tale of Changed Settlement at Kalyan, Maharashtra, India."" (PDF). Heritage Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Archaeology. 11.2: 722, 733 – via ResearchGate.
  3. ↑ "2011 Census - Religion (Maharashtra)".
  4. ↑ "Mumbai CST-bound local train derails near Kalyan, 1 killed". Zee Media. Essel. 20 March 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
  5. ↑ "Kalyan - Second cultural capital of Maharashtra".
  6. ↑ kalyancity.com. "Government in Kalyan". kalyancity.com.
  7. ↑ "Kalyan–Dombivli Municipal Corporation Finance". CityFinance Portal, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Retrieved 16 March 2026.

External links[edit | edit source]

  • KDMC: Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Corporation
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