WikiDwarfBOT (talk | contribs) robot: add new article |
slightly improved page after review and cleaned formatting |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{About|2nd capital of Portuguese India|the town in North Goa | {{About|2nd capital of Portuguese India|the town in North Goa |Goa Velha|the UNESCO World Heritage Site|Churches and Convents of Goa}} | ||
{{More citations needed|date=February 2025}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| official_name = Old Goa | | official_name = Old Goa | ||
| native_name = {{ | | native_name = {{Transliteration|kok|Pornnem Gõy, Adlem Gõy}} ([[Konkani in the Roman script|Konkani]])<br />{{native name|pt|Velha Goa}} | ||
| other_name = | | other_name = | ||
| settlement_type = City | | settlement_type = City | ||
| Line 25: | Line 26: | ||
| established_title = Established | | established_title = Established | ||
| established_date = 1510 | | established_date = 1510 | ||
| founder = Afonso Albuquerque | | founder = [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] | ||
| named_for = "Old Goa" in Portuguese | | named_for = "Old Goa" in Portuguese | ||
| government_type = Panchayat | | government_type = Panchayat | ||
| leader_title = Sarpanch | | leader_title = Sarpanch | ||
| leader_name = | | leader_name = | ||
| area_footnotes = | | area_footnotes = | ||
| area_total_km2 = 4 | | area_total_km2 = 4 | ||
| Line 60: | Line 61: | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Old Goa''' ([[Konkani in the Roman script|Konkani]]: {{ | '''Old Goa''' ([[Konkani in the Roman script|Konkani]]: {{Transliteration|kok|Pornnem Gõy; Adlem Gõy}}; {{langx|pt|Velha Goa|translation='Old Goa'}}) is a [[historical site]] and [[city]] situated on the southern banks of the [[River Mandovi]], within the [[Tiswadi]] ''taluka'' (''Ilhas'') of [[North Goa district]], in the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Goa]]. | ||
The city was established by the [[Bijapur Sultanate]] in the 15th century AD. After the [[Portuguese conquest of Goa]], it served as capital of [[Portuguese India]]n possessions, such as Mumbai/Bombay (''[[Bom Bahia]]'') territory and the state of Kochi/Cochin (''[[Cochin State|Cochim]]''), until its abandonment in the 18th century AD due to a [[Plague (disease)|plague]]. Under Portuguese rule, it is said to have been a city of nearly 200,000 people, from whence the [[spice trade]] was carried out across the [[Portuguese East Indies]]. The deserted city, containing churches and convents of outstanding architectural and religious importance, has been declared a [[World Heritage Site]] by the [[UNESCO]].<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/234 |title = Churches and Convents of Goa |website = UNESCO World Heritage Convention |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 18 Jun 2023}}</ref> Old Goa is approximately {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=off}} east of the current state capital of [[Panjim]] ({{ | The city was established by the [[Bijapur Sultanate]] in the 15th century AD. After the [[Portuguese conquest of Goa]], it served as capital of [[Portuguese India]]n possessions, such as Mumbai/Bombay (''[[Bom Bahia]]'') territory and the state of Kochi/Cochin (''[[Cochin State|Cochim]]''), until its abandonment in the 18th century AD due to a [[Plague (disease)|plague]]. Under Portuguese rule, it is said to have been a city of nearly 200,000 people, from whence the [[spice trade]] was carried out across the [[Portuguese East Indies]]. The deserted city, containing churches and convents of outstanding architectural and religious importance, has been declared a [[World Heritage Site]] by the [[UNESCO]].<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/234 |title = Churches and Convents of Goa |website = UNESCO World Heritage Convention |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 18 Jun 2023}}</ref> Old Goa is approximately {{convert|10|km|mi|abbr=off}} east of the current state capital of [[Panjim]] ({{langx|pt|Nova Goa|translation='New Goa'}}). | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
[[File:Jezuchea Povitr Kallzacho Putllo, Adlea Goeam.JPG|thumb | [[File:Jezuchea Povitr Kallzacho Putllo, Adlea Goeam.JPG|thumb|Statue dedicated to the [[Sacred Heart of Jesus]] erected opposite the Cathedral of the [[Archdiocese of Goa and Daman]], on the occasion of 400 years of the establishment of the [[Archdiocese]] in 1957]] | ||
The name "Old Goa" was first used in the 1960s in the address of the [[ | The name "Old Goa" was first used in the 1960s in the address of the [[Romi Konkani]] monthly magazine, dedicated to spread the devotion of the [[Sacred Heart of Jesus]], ''[[Dor Mhoineachi Rotti]]'', which was shifted to the [[Basilica of Bom Jesus]] in 1964. Postal letters were returned to the sender, as the name "Old Goa" was unknown then, according to then- and long-time editor of the monthly, the great Goan historian late Father [[Moreno de Souza]], S.J. | ||
The village panchayat uses the name Sé-Old Goa, while the | The village panchayat uses the name Sé-Old Goa, while the [[lndia Post]] and the [[Archaeological Survey of India]] use the name Velha Goa. | ||
The place is | The place is popularly called ''Saibachem Gõy'' (referring to Saint [[Francis Xavier]] as ''Saib'', i.e., Master), ''Pornnem Gõy'', ''Adlem Gõy'', or simply just ''Gõy'' in Konkani.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}} | ||
Velha Goa should not be confused with [[Goa Velha]] lying a few miles away. The names ''Vhoddlem Gõy'' and ''Thorlem Gõy'' ("Big Goa") refer to Goa Velha; while ''Gõy'', besides referring to Velha Goa ("Old Goa"), also generally refers to the entire [[Goa]] state.<ref>Fr. Moreno de Souza, S.J. ''Dor Mhoineachi Rotti''. July 2001.</ref> | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
| Line 87: | Line 88: | ||
[[File:Old Goa church view.jpg|thumb|alt=Old Goa Church view]] | [[File:Old Goa church view.jpg|thumb|alt=Old Goa Church view]] | ||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
<gallery class="center"> | <gallery class="center"> | ||
| Line 95: | Line 97: | ||
File:Old Goa, Se Cathedral 2.jpg|[[Se Cathedral]] | File:Old Goa, Se Cathedral 2.jpg|[[Se Cathedral]] | ||
File:St-Anne-church-talaulim.jpg|Saint Anne's Church | File:St-Anne-church-talaulim.jpg|Saint Anne's Church | ||
File:Old Goa, Ruins of Church of St. Augustine.jpg|Church of Saint Augustine (now in ruins) | File:Old Goa, Ruins of Church of St. Augustine.jpg|[[Church of St. Augustine, Goa|Church of Saint Augustine]] (now in ruins) | ||
File:Old Goa,Church of Lady of Rosary.jpg|Church of Lady of Rosary | File:Old Goa,Church of Lady of Rosary.jpg|Church of Lady of Rosary | ||
File:A Capela da Nossa Senhora de Monte.JPG|[[Chapel of Our Lady of the Mount]] | File:A Capela da Nossa Senhora de Monte.JPG|[[Chapel of Our Lady of the Mount]] | ||
File:Igreja de São João de Deus, Velha Goa.jpg|Church of Saint John of God | File:Igreja de São João de Deus, Velha Goa.jpg|Church of Saint John of God | ||
File:Capela Real de São António, Velha Goa.jpg|Royal Chapel of St. Anthony | File:Capela Real de São António, Velha Goa.jpg|Royal Chapel of St. Anthony | ||
File:Old Goa church view.jpg|alt=Old goa church view | File:Old Goa church view.jpg|alt=Old goa church view|[[Basilica of Bom Jesus]] | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| Line 107: | Line 109: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
{{Commons}} | |||
{{div col|colwidth=25em}} | {{div col|colwidth=25em}} | ||
*[[Church of St. Anne, Talaulim]] | *[[Church of St. Anne, Talaulim]] | ||
| Line 138: | Line 140: | ||
| title = The ancient Franciscan provinces in India, 1500–1835 | | title = The ancient Franciscan provinces in India, 1500–1835 | ||
| publisher = Christian Literature Society Press | | publisher = Christian Literature Society Press | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050111053756/http://www.naturalnirvana.com/India/IndianStates/Goa/Old-Goa.htm History of Old Goa] (archived) | *[https://web.archive.org/web/20050111053756/http://www.naturalnirvana.com/India/IndianStates/Goa/Old-Goa.htm History of Old Goa] (archived) | ||
*[http://indiatourism.ws/goa/old_goa/ Old Goa] – India tourism | *[http://indiatourism.ws/goa/old_goa/ Old Goa] – India tourism {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616031244/https://indiatourism.ws/goa/old_goa/ |date=16 June 2023 }} | ||
{{World Heritage Sites in India}} | {{World Heritage Sites in India}} | ||
{{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
| Line 150: | Line 151: | ||
[[Category:Old Goa| ]] | [[Category:Old Goa| ]] | ||
[[Category:Colonial Goa]] | [[Category:Colonial Goa]] | ||
[[Category:Cities and towns in North Goa district]] | [[Category:Cities and towns in North Goa district]] | ||
[[Category:World Heritage Sites in India]] | [[Category:World Heritage Sites in India]] | ||
Latest revision as of 00:54, 17 March 2026
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2025) |
Old Goa
| |
|---|---|
City | |
  Old Goa  Old Goa | |
| Coordinates: 15°30′11″N 73°54′43″E / 15.503°N 73.912°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Goa |
| District | North Goa |
| Sub District | Ilhas |
| Established | 1510 |
| Founded by | Afonso de Albuquerque |
| Named for | "Old Goa" in Portuguese |
| Government | |
| • Type | Panchayat |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4 km2 (2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 2,550 |
| • Density | 640/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Konkani |
| • Also Spoken | English, Portuguese |
| • Historical | Portuguese |
| Religions[1] | |
| • Dominant | Roman Catholicism |
| • Minor | Hinduism |
| • Historical | Roman Catholicism |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Postcode | 403403 |
| Telephone Code | 0832 |
Old Goa (Konkani: Pornnem Gõy; Adlem Gõy; Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) is a historical site and city situated on the southern banks of the River Mandovi, within the Tiswadi taluka (Ilhas) of North Goa district, in the Indian state of Goa.
The city was established by the Bijapur Sultanate in the 15th century AD. After the Portuguese conquest of Goa, it served as capital of Portuguese Indian possessions, such as Mumbai/Bombay (Bom Bahia) territory and the state of Kochi/Cochin (Cochim), until its abandonment in the 18th century AD due to a plague. Under Portuguese rule, it is said to have been a city of nearly 200,000 people, from whence the spice trade was carried out across the Portuguese East Indies. The deserted city, containing churches and convents of outstanding architectural and religious importance, has been declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO.[2] Old Goa is approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) east of the current state capital of Panjim (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.).
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The name "Old Goa" was first used in the 1960s in the address of the Romi Konkani monthly magazine, dedicated to spread the devotion of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Dor Mhoineachi Rotti, which was shifted to the Basilica of Bom Jesus in 1964. Postal letters were returned to the sender, as the name "Old Goa" was unknown then, according to then- and long-time editor of the monthly, the great Goan historian late Father Moreno de Souza, S.J.
The village panchayat uses the name Sé-Old Goa, while the lndia Post and the Archaeological Survey of India use the name Velha Goa.
The place is popularly called Saibachem Gõy (referring to Saint Francis Xavier as Saib, i.e., Master), Pornnem Gõy, Adlem Gõy, or simply just Gõy in Konkani.[citation needed]
Velha Goa should not be confused with Goa Velha lying a few miles away. The names Vhoddlem Gõy and Thorlem Gõy ("Big Goa") refer to Goa Velha; while Gõy, besides referring to Velha Goa ("Old Goa"), also generally refers to the entire Goa state.[3]
History[edit | edit source]
The city was founded in the 15th century as a port on the banks of the Mandovi river by the rulers of the Bijapur Sultanate. It was built to replace Govapuri, which lay a few kilometres to the south and had been used as a port by the Kadamba and Vijayanagar kings. Old Goa was the second capital after Bijapur of the rule of Adil Shahi Dynasty. It was surrounded by a moat and contained the shah's palace, mosques, and temples. The city was captured by the Portuguese and was under Portuguese rule from 1510 as the administrative seat of Portuguese India.
The viceroy's residence was transferred in 1759 to the future capital, Panjim (a village about 9 kilometres to its west). Few remnants, if any, of the pre-Portuguese period remain at Old Goa.
During the mid-16th century, the Portuguese colony of Goa, especially Velha Goa, was the center of Christianisation in the East.[4] The city was evangelized by all religious orders, since all of them had their headquarters there.[5] The population was roughly 200,000 by 1543. Malaria and cholera epidemics ravaged the city in the 17th century and it was largely abandoned, only having a remaining population of 1,500 in 1775. It was then that the viceroy moved to Panjim. It continued to be the de jure capital of Goa until 1843, when the capital was shifted to Panjim (Ponnjê in Konkani, Nova Goa in Portuguese and Panaji in Hindi). The abandoned city came to be known as "Velha Goa" (in Portuguese, 'Old Goa'), to distinguish it from the new capital Nova Goa (Panjim) and probably also Goa Velha (also meaning "Old Goa"), which was the Portuguese name for the town on the old site of Govapuri.
Velha Goa was incorporated into the Republic of India after its annexation in 1961, with the rest of Goa. It retains its religious significance in modern-day Goa, notably in its relations with Roman Catholicism. The Archbishop of Goa and Daman holds title as the Patriarch of the East Indies. Unlike the patriarchs and the major archbishops of the Eastern Catholic Churches, the Patriarch of the East Indies only enjoys honorary title and is fully subject to the Pope. He has a place in the Latin Church similar to the Patriarchs of Venice and Lisbon. This title was conferred upon the Archbishop of Goa as part of a settlement between the Holy See and the Portuguese government concerning the link between religious and political aspects of its territories.
Churches of Old Goa[edit | edit source]
Old Goa contains churches including the Se Cathedral (the seat of the Archbishop of Goa), the Church and Convent of St. Francis of Assisi, the Chapel of Our Lady of the Mount, the Church of St. Caetano and, notably, the Basilica of Bom Jesus which contains the relics of Saint Francis Xavier, who is celebrated every year on 3 December with novenas beginning on 24 November.
Gallery[edit | edit source]
-
-
-
Chapel of Saint Cathrine -
Church of São Caetano in Old Goa -
-
Saint Anne's Church -
Church of Saint Augustine (now in ruins) -
Church of Lady of Rosary -
-
Church of Saint John of God -
Royal Chapel of St. Anthony -
Location[edit | edit source]
Places adjacent to Old Goa | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||
See also[edit | edit source]
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Goa Velha Census Town City Population Census 2011-2020 | Goa".
- ↑ "Churches and Convents of Goa". UNESCO World Heritage Convention. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
- ↑ Fr. Moreno de Souza, S.J. Dor Mhoineachi Rotti. July 2001.
- ↑ de Mendonça 2002, p. 67
- ↑ Meersman 1971, p. 107
References[edit | edit source]
- de Mendonça, Délio (2002). Conversions and citizenry: Goa under Portugal 1510–1610. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7022-960-5. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
- Meersman, Achilles (1971). The ancient Franciscan provinces in India, 1500–1835. Christian Literature Society Press.
External links[edit | edit source]
- History of Old Goa (archived)
- Old Goa – India tourism Archived 16 June 2023 at the Wayback Machine
| North |  | |
|---|---|---|
| East | ||
| Northeast | ||
| South | ||
| Central | ||
| West | ||