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{{short description|Highway initiative in India}} | {{short description|Highway initiative in India}} | ||
{{More citations needed|date=July 2016}} | {{More citations needed|date=July 2016}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} | |||
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}} | |||
{{Infobox project | {{Infobox project | ||
| abbreviation = PMGSY | | abbreviation = PMGSY | ||
| logo = | | logo =File:Logo of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana.svg | ||
| image = | |||
| caption = | | caption = | ||
| mission_statement = | | mission_statement = | ||
| type = | | type = | ||
| key_people = | | key_people = | ||
| launched = {{Start date and age|2000| | | launched = {{Start date and age|2000|12|25|df=y}} | ||
| funding = | | funding = | ||
| current_status = Active | | current_status = Active | ||
| website = {{ | | website = {{URL|http://pmgsy.nic.in}} | ||
}} | |native_name=Prime Minister's Village Road Scheme|logo_size=200px}} | ||
{{Atal Bihari Vajpayee series}} | {{Atal Bihari Vajpayee series}} | ||
The '''Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana''' ('''PMGSY''') ( | The '''Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana''' ('''PMGSY''') ({{Translation|Prime Minister's Village Road Scheme}}) is a nationwide plan in India to provide good all-weather road connectivity to unconnected villages.<ref>{{cite web |title=PMGSY Scheme Operations Manual Chapter 1 |url=http://pmgsy.nic.in/op1.htm |work=Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215131936/http://pmgsy.nic.in/op1.htm |archive-date=15 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 82% were already connected by December 2017 and work was on track for completion by March 2019 (c. December 2017) on the remaining 47,000 habitations .<ref name=gramdev1/> | ||
This [[Centrally Sponsored Scheme]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Report of the committee on restructuring of Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) |url=http://planningcommission.gov.in/reports/genrep/index.php?repts=report_css.htm | work=[[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]], [[Government of India]]}}</ref> was introduced in 2000 by the then-prime minister of India | This [[Centrally Sponsored Scheme]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Report of the committee on restructuring of Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) |url=http://planningcommission.gov.in/reports/genrep/index.php?repts=report_css.htm |work=[[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]], [[Government of India]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402034415/http://planningcommission.gov.in/reports/genrep/index.php?repts=report_css.htm |archive-date=2 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> was introduced in 2000 by the then-prime minister of India [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]].<ref>{{cite web|title=A leader of substance: Along with Narasimha Rao, Atal Bihari Vajpayee laid the foundation of new India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/opinion/edit-page/A-leader-of-substance-Along-with-Narasimha-Rao-Atal-Bihari-Vajpayee-laid-the-foundation-of-new-India/articleshow/17747366.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229235107/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-12-25/edit-page/35992135_1_reforms-national-interest-atal-bihari-vajpayee|url-status=live|archive-date=29 December 2012|work=The Times of India|author=Arvind Panagariya |date=25 December 2012 }}</ref> The Assam Tribune has reported that the scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers as it has resulted in new roads and upgrade of certain inter-village routes in Manipur.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=PMGSY roads changing lifestyle in Manipur|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=oct2910/oth05|work=The Assam Tribune|access-date=16 February 2022|archive-date=15 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215131159/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=oct2910%2Foth05|url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The PMGSY is under the authority of the [[Ministry of Rural Development (India)|Ministry of Rural Development]] and was begun on | The PMGSY is under the authority of the [[Ministry of Rural Development (India)|Ministry of Rural Development]] and was begun on 25 December 2000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pmgsy.nic.in/pmg31.asp#1 |title=PMGSY Schemes & Guidelines |website=pmgsy.nic.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221150318/http://pmgsy.nic.in/pmg31.asp#1 |archive-date=21 December 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It is fully funded by the central government. During November 2015, following the recommendations of the [[Fourteenth Finance Commission|14th Finance Commission]], the Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes, it was announced that the project will be funded by both the central government (60%) and states (40%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=131846|title=Government brings forward the target date for full completion of rural road connectivity under PMGSY by 3 years.|website=pib.nic.in}}</ref> | ||
==Aim== | ==Aim== | ||
The aim was to provide roads to all villages | The aim was to provide roads to all villages:<ref>{{cite web |title=PMGSY Scheme and Guidelines: Programme Objectives |url=https://pmgsy.nic.in/pmg31.asp#2 |work=Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, No. P-12025/8/2001-RC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221150318/https://pmgsy.nic.in/pmg31.asp#2 |archive-date=21 December 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
# with a population of 1000 persons and above by 2003 | # with a population of 1000 persons and above by 2003 | ||
# with a population of 500 persons and above by 2007 | # with a population of 500 persons and above by 2007 | ||
# in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 500 persons and above by 2003 | # in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 500 persons and above by 2003 | ||
# in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 250 persons and above by 2007. | # in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 250 persons and above by 2007. | ||
==OMMAS== | ==OMMAS== | ||
In order to implement this, an ''Online Management , Monitoring and Accounting System'' or OMMAS [[Geographic information system|GIS]] system was developed to identify targets and monitor progress | In order to implement this, an ''Online Management, Monitoring and Accounting System'' or OMMAS [[Geographic information system|GIS]] system was developed to identify targets and monitor progress<ref>{{cite web |title=Rural Informatics in India – An Approach Paper |url=http://ruralinformatics.nic.in/files/4_9_0_273.doc |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416170211/http://ruralinformatics.nic.in/files/4_9_0_273.doc |archive-date=16 April 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It is developed by e-governance department of C-DAC pune and is one of the biggest databases in India. The system manages and monitors all the phases of road development right from its proposal mode to road completion. The OMMAS also has separate module to track the expenses made on each road. Based on the data entered by state and district officers, OMMS generates detailed reports which are viewable in citizens section (http://omms.nic.in). OMMAS incorporates advanced features like E-payment, Password protected PDF files, Interactive Reports etc.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jina |first1=Afra |title=UP Agriculture – Need for Transparent Agricultural Scheme |url=https://sarkariduniya.com/en/up-agriculture/ |access-date=8 November 2018 |work=Get news on PM's schemes, central and state government schemes, central ministries and government departments |date=3 November 2018}}</ref> | ||
==Progress== | ==Progress== | ||
Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 55% (97,838) were connected by March 2014, 82% (80% or 131,000 or 1.3 lakh under the PMGSY and 2% or 14,620 under state govt schemes) were connected by December 2017. Of the remaining 47,000, work on all is in progress except for 1700 which will be approved by the end of December 2017 and 100% connectivity will be achieved by March 2019 (16 December 2017 update).<ref name=gramdev1>[//economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/62093821.cms 'Over 80% habitations connected with roads under PMGSY'], [[The Economic Times|Economic Times]], 16 | Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 55% (97,838) were connected by March 2014, 82% (80% or 131,000 or 1.3 lakh under the PMGSY and 2% or 14,620 under state govt schemes) were connected by December 2017. Of the remaining 47,000, work on all is in progress except for 1700 which will be approved by the end of December 2017 and 100% connectivity will be achieved by March 2019 (16 December 2017 update).<ref name=gramdev1>[//economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/62093821.cms 'Over 80% habitations connected with roads under PMGSY'], [[The Economic Times|Economic Times]], 16 December 2017.</ref> Pending work included harsh terrain states of Assam, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand as well as left-wing [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency|Naxalite–Maoist extremism]] affected state of Chhattisgarh, some districts of Jharkhand and [[Malkangiri district]] of Odisha.<ref name=gramdev1/> | ||
The average speed of road construction under the PMGSY was 98.5 [[ | The average speed of road construction under the PMGSY was 98.5 [[kilometre]]s per day from 2004 to 2014, it rose to 130 km per day in by 2014–17.<ref name=gramdev1/> | ||
Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has given its approval for continuation of PM Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) – I and PMGSY –II up to September 2022. | |||
Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism Affected Areas has also been extended up to March 2023. | |||
== Impact == | == Impact == | ||
Scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers with new roads and upgrades, such as in Manipur.<ref name="auto"/> In a research paper, by [https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20180268 Asher and Novosad (2020)] the effects of the road construction program are described as follows: "Four years after road construction, the main effect of new feeder roads is to facilitate the movement of workers out of agriculture. However, there are no major changes in agricultural outcomes, income, or assets. Employment in village firms expands only slightly. Even with better market | [[File:Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana Feb 2008 shot in Jalandhar Punjab India by gopal1035.jpg|thumb|Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak [[Yojana]] marker in a village in Punjab]] | ||
Scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers with new roads and upgrades, such as in Manipur.<ref name="auto"/> In a research paper, by [https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20180268 Asher and Novosad (2020)] the effects of the road construction program are described as follows: "Four years after road construction, the main effect of new feeder roads is to facilitate the movement of workers out of agriculture. However, there are no major changes in agricultural outcomes, income, or assets. Employment in village firms expands only slightly. Even with better market connections, remote areas may continue to lack economic opportunities." | |||
==Complementary state schemes== | ==Complementary state schemes== | ||
Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana run by various state governments are the schemes that complement PMGSY, including in Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, [[Maharashtra]] | Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana run by various state governments are the schemes that complement PMGSY, including in Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{citation|title=Maharashtra government plans launch of Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/maharashtra-government-plans-launch-of-mukhya-mantri-gram-sadak-yojana/articleshow/49376306.cms|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=15 October 2015}}</ref> | ||
==Green cover== | |||
The program has been attempting to increase the green cover near the roads. This is through the planting of trees saplings, including the planting of fruit bearing tree saplings. Varied levels of success has emerged from these attempts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) - Briefing for 3rd CRM on 15th January 2018 |url=https://rural.nic.in/sites/default/files/PMGSY_PPT_CRM_Orientation.pdf |access-date=13 April 2022 |website=rural.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Anita |date=23 May 2006 |title=Avenue Plantation on Rural Roads |url=http://www.pmgsy.nic.in/circulars/annx_200606.doc |access-date=13 April 2022 |website=pmgsy.nic.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416172207/http://www.pmgsy.nic.in/circulars/annx_200606.doc |archive-date=16 April 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2014 |title=Road side plantation on PMGSY roads – Advisory |url=http://www.hprural.nic.in/cir309.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230848/http://www.hprural.nic.in/cir309.pdf |archive-date=20 December 2018 |access-date=20 December 2018 |website=hprural.nic.in}}</ref> | |||
== See also == | |||
* [[Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana]] | |||
* [[Atal Pension Yojana]] | |||
* [[Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana]] | |||
* [[Pradhan Mantri Matri Vandana Yojana]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist | {{reflist}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Latest revision as of 10:40, 21 November 2025
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2016) |
| Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) | |
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| Prime Minister's Village Road Scheme | |
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| Status | Active |
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Legislations
Treaties and accords
Missions and agencies
Controversies
Wars and attacks
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The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) (transl. Prime Minister's Village Road Scheme) is a nationwide plan in India to provide good all-weather road connectivity to unconnected villages.[1] Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 82% were already connected by December 2017 and work was on track for completion by March 2019 (c. December 2017) on the remaining 47,000 habitations .[2]
This Centrally Sponsored Scheme[3] was introduced in 2000 by the then-prime minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee.[4] The Assam Tribune has reported that the scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers as it has resulted in new roads and upgrade of certain inter-village routes in Manipur.[5]
History[edit | edit source]
The PMGSY is under the authority of the Ministry of Rural Development and was begun on 25 December 2000.[6] It is fully funded by the central government. During November 2015, following the recommendations of the 14th Finance Commission, the Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes, it was announced that the project will be funded by both the central government (60%) and states (40%).[7]
Aim[edit | edit source]
The aim was to provide roads to all villages:[8]
- with a population of 1000 persons and above by 2003
- with a population of 500 persons and above by 2007
- in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 500 persons and above by 2003
- in hill states, tribal and desert area villages with a population of 250 persons and above by 2007.
OMMAS[edit | edit source]
In order to implement this, an Online Management, Monitoring and Accounting System or OMMAS GIS system was developed to identify targets and monitor progress[9] It is developed by e-governance department of C-DAC pune and is one of the biggest databases in India. The system manages and monitors all the phases of road development right from its proposal mode to road completion. The OMMAS also has separate module to track the expenses made on each road. Based on the data entered by state and district officers, OMMS generates detailed reports which are viewable in citizens section (http://omms.nic.in). OMMAS incorporates advanced features like E-payment, Password protected PDF files, Interactive Reports etc.[10]
Progress[edit | edit source]
Of 178,000 (1.7 lakh) habitations with a population of above 500 in the plains and above 250 in the hilly areas planned to be connected by all-weather roads, 55% (97,838) were connected by March 2014, 82% (80% or 131,000 or 1.3 lakh under the PMGSY and 2% or 14,620 under state govt schemes) were connected by December 2017. Of the remaining 47,000, work on all is in progress except for 1700 which will be approved by the end of December 2017 and 100% connectivity will be achieved by March 2019 (16 December 2017 update).[2] Pending work included harsh terrain states of Assam, Jammu and Kashmir and Uttarakhand as well as left-wing Naxalite–Maoist extremism affected state of Chhattisgarh, some districts of Jharkhand and Malkangiri district of Odisha.[2]
The average speed of road construction under the PMGSY was 98.5 kilometres per day from 2004 to 2014, it rose to 130 km per day in by 2014–17.[2]
Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has given its approval for continuation of PM Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) – I and PMGSY –II up to September 2022.
Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Extremism Affected Areas has also been extended up to March 2023.
Impact[edit | edit source]
Scheme has started to change the lifestyle of many villagers with new roads and upgrades, such as in Manipur.[5] In a research paper, by Asher and Novosad (2020) the effects of the road construction program are described as follows: "Four years after road construction, the main effect of new feeder roads is to facilitate the movement of workers out of agriculture. However, there are no major changes in agricultural outcomes, income, or assets. Employment in village firms expands only slightly. Even with better market connections, remote areas may continue to lack economic opportunities."
Complementary state schemes[edit | edit source]
Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana run by various state governments are the schemes that complement PMGSY, including in Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra.[11]
Green cover[edit | edit source]
The program has been attempting to increase the green cover near the roads. This is through the planting of trees saplings, including the planting of fruit bearing tree saplings. Varied levels of success has emerged from these attempts.[12][13][14]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana
- Atal Pension Yojana
- Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
- Pradhan Mantri Matri Vandana Yojana
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "PMGSY Scheme Operations Manual Chapter 1". Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. Archived from the original on 15 December 2013.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 'Over 80% habitations connected with roads under PMGSY', Economic Times, 16 December 2017.
- ↑ "Report of the committee on restructuring of Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)". Planning Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original on 2 April 2014.
- ↑ Arvind Panagariya (25 December 2012). "A leader of substance: Along with Narasimha Rao, Atal Bihari Vajpayee laid the foundation of new India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 29 December 2012.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "PMGSY roads changing lifestyle in Manipur". The Assam Tribune. Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
- ↑ "PMGSY Schemes & Guidelines". pmgsy.nic.in. Archived from the original on 21 December 2012.
- ↑ "Government brings forward the target date for full completion of rural road connectivity under PMGSY by 3 years". pib.nic.in.
- ↑ "PMGSY Scheme and Guidelines: Programme Objectives". Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India, No. P-12025/8/2001-RC. Archived from the original on 21 December 2012.
- ↑ "Rural Informatics in India – An Approach Paper". Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ↑ Jina, Afra (3 November 2018). "UP Agriculture – Need for Transparent Agricultural Scheme". Get news on PM's schemes, central and state government schemes, central ministries and government departments. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ↑ "Maharashtra government plans launch of Mukhya Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana", The Economic Times, 15 October 2015
- ↑ "Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) - Briefing for 3rd CRM on 15th January 2018" (PDF). rural.nic.in. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
- ↑ Sharma, Anita (23 May 2006). "Avenue Plantation on Rural Roads". pmgsy.nic.in. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
- ↑ "Road side plantation on PMGSY roads – Advisory" (PDF). hprural.nic.in. 15 January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.