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Shamsher Bahadur I (Krishna Rao): Difference between revisions
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| succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|33x30px]] [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] ruler of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] | | succession = [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|33x30px]] [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] ruler of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] | ||
| reign = 1753–1761 | | reign = 1753–1761 | ||
| predecessor = [[ | | predecessor = [[Baji Rao I]], Peshwa of [[Maratha Empire]] | ||
| successor = [[Ali Bahadur I]] | | successor = [[Ali Bahadur I]] | ||
| birth_date = 1734 | | birth_date = 1734 | ||
| birth_place = Mastani Palace, [[Shaniwarwada]], [[Pune]], [[Maratha Empire]]. | | birth_place = Mastani Palace, [[Shaniwarwada]], [[Pune]], [[Maratha Empire]]. | ||
| death_date = {{date of death and age|1761|1|18|1734|df=y}}, Bharatpur | | death_date = {{date of death and age|1761|1|18|1734|df=y}}, [[Bharatpur, India|Bharatpur]], [[India]]. | ||
| spouse = Lal Kanwar <br> Mehrambai | | spouse = Lal Kanwar <br> Mehrambai | ||
| issue = [[Ali Bahadur I]] | | issue = [[Ali Bahadur I]] | ||
| full name = Krishna Rao | | full name = Krishna Rao | ||
| house = [[Banda (state)|Banda]] ([[Maratha Empire]]) | | house = [[Banda (state)|Banda]] ([[Maratha Empire]]) | ||
| father = [[ | | father = [[Baji Rao I]] | ||
| mother = [[Mastani]] | | mother = [[Mastani]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Krishna Rao''' ( | '''Krishna Rao''' (1734 – 18 January 1761), also known as '''Shamsher Bahadur I''', was a ruler of the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] in northern [[India]]. He was the son of [[Bajirao I]] and [[Mastani]].<ref name="BSR_2005">{{cite book |author=Bhawan Singh Rana |title=Rani of Jhansi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0hKthqa2kkQC&pg=PA22 |date=1 January 2005 |publisher=Diamond |isbn=978-81-288-0875-3 |pages=22–23}}</ref><ref name="Chid_1951">{{cite book |author=Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) |title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ |year=1951 |publisher=University of Madras |page=219 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Rosemary Crill |author2=Kapil Jariwala |title=The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC&pg=PA162 |year=2010 |publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-81-89995-37-9 |page=162 }}</ref> | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Krishna Rao was the son of [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family|Peshwa]] | Krishna Rao was the son of [[Maratha Peshwa and Generals from Bhat Family|Peshwa]] Baji Rao I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of [[Chhatrasal]] and his Persian Muslim wife, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted him to be accepted as a [[Hindu]] [[Brahmin]], but because of his mother's [[Muslim]] heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu [[upanayana]] ceremony for him. | ||
His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.<ref name="BSR_2005" /> | His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though many Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.<ref name="BSR_2005" /> | ||
After the death of both | After the death of both Baji Rao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of [[Kashibai]], Baji Rao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehrambai on 18 October 1753. Shamsher Bahadur had one son by Mehrambai named Krishna Sinh later known Ali Bahadur. He was his successor as [[Subedar]] of Banda. | ||
==Military Career and Reign== | ==Military Career and Reign== | ||
| Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
Upon the death of Shamsher, his son [[Ali Bahadur I|Krishna Sinh]] (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] (present day [[Uttar Pradesh]]) in northern [[India]], a vassal of [[Maratha Empire|Maratha polity]].<ref name="google2">{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ&q=shamsher+bahadur+subedar+jhansi |title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) |date=2009-02-12 |accessdate=2015-06-21}}</ref> Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar. | Upon the death of Shamsher, his son [[Ali Bahadur I|Krishna Sinh]] (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of [[Banda (state)|Banda]] (present day [[Uttar Pradesh]]) in northern [[India]], a vassal of [[Maratha Empire|Maratha polity]].<ref name="google2">{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E0bRAAAAMAAJ&q=shamsher+bahadur+subedar+jhansi |title=The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) |date=2009-02-12 |accessdate=2015-06-21}}</ref> Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar. | ||
His son and successor | His son and successor Shamsher Bahadur II held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War|Anglo-Maratha War of 1803]]<ref name="google2" /><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ViSYYQZZWEcC&q=nawab+of+banda+ali+bahadur&pg=PA11 |title=Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar |date=1992-01-01 |isbn=9780861317493 |accessdate=2015-06-21|last1=Sarkar |first1=Jadunath }}</ref> His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside [[Rani Lakshmibai]] in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|First War of Indian Independence of 1857]]. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/muslim-sons-of-a-brahmin-peshwa-11575604090939.html|title = Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'|date = 6 December 2019}}</ref> The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marwah |first1=Ritu |title=Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I |url=https://indiacurrents.com/mastanis-son-shamsher-bahadur-i/ |issue=December 22 |publisher=indiacurrents.com |date=2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ganeshan |first1=Ranjita |title=Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/why-bajirao-mastani-has-upset-two-families-115121101048_1.html |accessdate=27 February 2020 |work=Business Standard |issue=December 12, 2015 |date=2015}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
==In Popular Culture== | ==In Popular Culture== | ||
In the 2019 film ''[[Panipat (film)|Panipat]]'', Shamsher Bahadur I was played by [[Sahil Salathia]]. | In the 2015 film ''[[Bajirao Mastani]]'' he was referenced and his naming ceremony was shown. In the 2019 film ''[[Panipat (film)|Panipat]]'', Shamsher Bahadur I was played by [[Sahil Salathia]]. | ||
== Further reading == | == Further reading == | ||
Latest revision as of 22:23, 13 June 2022
| Krishna Rao | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Maratha ruler of Banda | |||||
| Reign | 1753–1761 | ||||
| Predecessor | Baji Rao I, Peshwa of Maratha Empire | ||||
| Successor | Ali Bahadur I | ||||
| Born | 1734 Mastani Palace, Shaniwarwada, Pune, Maratha Empire. | ||||
| Died | 18 January 1761 (aged 26–27), Bharatpur, India. | ||||
| Spouse | Lal Kanwar Mehrambai | ||||
| Issue | Ali Bahadur I | ||||
| |||||
| House | Banda (Maratha Empire) | ||||
| Father | Baji Rao I | ||||
| Mother | Mastani | ||||
Krishna Rao (1734 – 18 January 1761), also known as Shamsher Bahadur I, was a ruler of the Maratha dominion of Banda in northern India. He was the son of Bajirao I and Mastani.[1][2][3]
Early life[edit]
Krishna Rao was the son of Peshwa Baji Rao I and his second wife Mastani, daughter of Chhatrasal and his Persian Muslim wife, Ruhani Bai. Bajirao wanted him to be accepted as a Hindu Brahmin, but because of his mother's Muslim heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu upanayana ceremony for him.
His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though many Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.[1]
After the death of both Baji Rao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of Kashibai, Baji Rao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehrambai on 18 October 1753. Shamsher Bahadur had one son by Mehrambai named Krishna Sinh later known Ali Bahadur. He was his successor as Subedar of Banda.
Military Career and Reign[edit]
Shamsher Bahadur was bestowed upon a portion of his father's dominion of Banda and Kalpi in present day North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.[citation needed]
He, alongside Raghunathrao, Malharrao Holkar, Dattaji Shinde, Jankoji Shinde and other Sardars, went to Punjab in 1757–1758 to fight the Durrani Empire and conquered Attock, Peshawar, Multan in 1758.[citation needed] He was part of Maratha Conquest of North India.
In 1761, he and his army contingent fought alongside his cousins from the Peshwa family in the Third Battle of Panipat between the Marathas and Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. He was wounded in that battle and died a few days later at Deeg.[4]
Descendants[edit]
Upon the death of Shamsher, his son Krishna Sinh (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of Banda (present day Uttar Pradesh) in northern India, a vassal of Maratha polity.[5] Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar.
His son and successor Shamsher Bahadur II held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the Anglo-Maratha War of 1803[5][6] His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside Rani Lakshmibai in the First War of Indian Independence of 1857. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.[7] The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.[8][9]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bhawan Singh Rana (1 January 2005). Rani of Jhansi. Diamond. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-81-288-0875-3.
- ↑ Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) (1951). The Inwardness of British Annexations in India. University of Madras. p. 219.
- ↑ Rosemary Crill; Kapil Jariwala (2010). The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860. Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 162. ISBN 978-81-89995-37-9.
- ↑ Henry Dodwell (1958). The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans. CUP Archive. pp. 407–. GGKEY:96PECZLGTT6.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur)". 12 February 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
- ↑ Sarkar, Jadunath (1 January 1992). Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar. ISBN 9780861317493. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
- ↑ "Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'". 6 December 2019.
- ↑ Marwah, Ritu (2015). "Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I". No. December 22. indiacurrents.com.
- ↑ Ganeshan, Ranjita (2015). "Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families". Business Standard. No. December 12, 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
In Popular Culture[edit]
In the 2015 film Bajirao Mastani he was referenced and his naming ceremony was shown. In the 2019 film Panipat, Shamsher Bahadur I was played by Sahil Salathia.
Further reading[edit]
- Ranjit Desai. Swami (in Marathi), a historical novel
