Firozpur: Difference between revisions

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{{About|the municipality in Punjab, India|its namesake district|Firozpur district}}
{{About|the municipality in Punjab, India|its namesake district|Firozpur district}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Ferozepur
| name                     = Firozpur
| settlement_type                 =  
| settlement_type         = City
| image_skyline                  = Saragarhi Memorial Ferozepur.jpg
| image_skyline           = {{multiple image
| image_alt                       =  
| border                  = infobox
| image_caption                   = Saragarhi Memorial, Ferozepur
| total_width              = 280
| nickname                       =  
| image_style              =
| pushpin_map                     = India Punjab#India#Asia
| perrow                   = 1/2/1
| pushpin_label_position         =  
| image1 = Saragarhi Memorial Ferozepur.jpg
| pushpin_map_alt                 =  
| image2 = Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium Firozpur.jpg
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Punjab, India
| image3 = The Barki Memorial Ferozepur.jpg
| coordinates                     = {{coord|30.9166|N|74.6|E|display=inline,title}}
}}
| subdivision_type               = Country
| image_alt               =  
| subdivision_name               = India
| image_caption           = Clockwise from top:<br/ >Saragarhi Memorial in Firozpur, [[Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium]], The Barki Memorial
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| nickname                 =  
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| pushpin_map             = India Punjab#India#Asia
| subdivision_name1               = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| pushpin_label_position   =  
| subdivision_name2               = [[Ferozepur district|Ferozepur]]
| pushpin_map_alt         =  
| established_title               = <!-- Established -->
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in Punjab, India
| established_date               =  
| coordinates             = {{coord|30.9166|N|74.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| founder                         = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| subdivision_type         = Country
| named_for                       = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| subdivision_name         = {{flag|India}}
| government_type                 = Democratic
| subdivision_type1       = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| governing_body                 =  
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| leader_title1                   =  
| subdivision_name1       = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| leader_name1                   =  
| subdivision_name2       = [[Firozpur district|Firozpur]]
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| established_title       = <!-- Established -->
| area_footnotes                 =  
| established_date         =  
| area_total_km2                 =  
| founder                 = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| area_rank                       =  
| named_for               = [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]]
| elevation_footnotes             =  
| government_type         =  
| elevation_m                     = 182
| governing_body           =  
| population_total               = 110,313
| leader_title1           =  
| population_as_of               = 2011
| leader_name1             =  
| population_footnotes           = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| unit_pref               = Metric
| population_density_km2         = 380
| area_footnotes           =  
| population_rank                 =  
| area_total_km2           =  
| population_demonym             = Firozpuri, Firozpuria
| area_rank               =  
| demographics_type1             = Languages
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| demographics1_title1           = Official
| elevation_m             = 182
| demographics1_info1             = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=30 August 2019|page=32|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| population_total         = 110,313
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| population_as_of         = 2011
| utc_offset1                     = +5:30
| population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census2011Gov"/>
| postal_code_type               = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| population_density_km2   = 380
| postal_code                     = 152001
| population_rank         =  
| postal2_code_type               = [[UNLOCODE]]
| population_demonym       = Firozpuri, Firozpuria
| postal2_code                   = IN FIR
| demographics_type1       = Languages
| area_code                       = 91-1632
| demographics1_title1     = Official
| registration_plate             = PB 05
| demographics1_info1     = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]<ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=30 August 2019|page=32|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| blank1_name_sec1                = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| blank1_info_sec1                = 885/1000{{citation needed|date=January 2018}} [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| blank1_name_sec2               = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| blank1_info_sec2               = [[Climatic regions of India|BSh]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| postal_code             = 152001
| website                         = {{URL|http://www.ferozepur.nic.in}}
| postal2_code_type       = [[UNLOCODE]]
| footnotes                       =  
| postal2_code             = IN FIR
| leader_title2                   = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]]
| area_code               = 91-1632
| leader_name2                   = [[Sukhbir Badal]] ([[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]])
| registration_plate       = PB-05
| leader_title3                   = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Urban)
| blank1_name_sec2         = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| leader_name3                   = Parminder Singh Pinky ([[Indian National Congress|INC]])
| blank1_info_sec2         = [[Climatic regions of India|BSh]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| leader_title4                   = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Rural)
| website                 = {{URL|https://ferozepur.nic.in/}}
| leader_name4                   = Satkar Kaur ([[Indian National Congress|INC]])<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/assembly-elections/assembly-elections-2017-only-6-women-legislators-make-entry-into-punjab-assembly/story-rpUsDjKcYUDyYqxjMsN21N.html |title=Assembly elections 2017: Only 6 women legislators make entry into Punjab Assembly |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
| footnotes               =  
| blank2_name_sec1               = Literacy
| leader_title2           = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]]
| blank2_info_sec1               = 69.80%
| leader_name2             = [[Sukhbir Singh Badal]] ([[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]])
| blank3_name_sec1               = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| leader_title3           = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Urban)
| blank3_info_sec1               = [[Ferozepur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ferozepur]]
| leader_name3             = Ranbir Singh Bhullar([[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]])
| blank4_name_sec1               = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| leader_title4           = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (Rural)
| blank4_info_sec1               = Ferozepur City
| leader_name4             = Rajnish Dahiya ([[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]])<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/assembly-elections/assembly-elections-2017-only-6-women-legislators-make-entry-into-punjab-assembly/story-rpUsDjKcYUDyYqxjMsN21N.html |title=Assembly elections 2017: Only 6 women legislators make entry into Punjab Assembly |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
| blank5_name_sec1               = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank2_name_sec1         = Literacy
| blank5_info_sec1               = [[Punjab Urban Planning and Development Authority|PUDA]]
| blank2_info_sec1         = 70.7%
| blank6_name_sec1               = Major Highways
| blank3_name_sec1         = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank6_info_sec1               = NH95 SH15 SH 20
| blank3_info_sec1         = [[Firozpur Lok Sabha constituency|Firozpur]]
| blank2_name_sec2               = Avg. summer temperature
| blank4_name_sec1         = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec2               = {{convert|29.7|°C|°F}}
| blank4_info_sec1         = Firozpur city
| blank3_name_sec2               = Avg. winter temperature
| blank5_name_sec1         = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank3_info_sec2               = {{convert|16.9|°C|°F}}
| blank5_info_sec1         = [[Punjab Urban Planning and Development Authority|PUDA]]
| blank4_name_sec2               = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank6_name_sec1         = Major Highways
| blank4_info_sec2               = {{convert|731.6|mm|in}}
| blank6_info_sec1         = NH95 SH15 SH 20
| blank2_name_sec2         = Avg. summer temperature
| blank2_info_sec2         = {{convert|29.7|°C|°F}}
| blank3_name_sec2         = Avg. winter temperature
| blank3_info_sec2         = {{convert|16.9|°C|°F}}
| blank4_name_sec2         = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank4_info_sec2         = {{convert|731.6|mm|in}}
}}
}}


'''Ferozepur''', also known as '''Firozepur''', is a city on the banks of the [[Sutlej River]] in [[Firozpur District]], [[Punjab, India]]. It was founded by [[Sultan]] [[Firoz Shah Tughluq]] (1351–88), a ruler of the [[Tughluq dynasty]], who reigned over the [[Sultanate of Delhi]] from 1351 to 1388.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |page=98}}</ref>
'''Firozpur''', also known as '''Ferozepur''',<ref>{{cite web |title=District Ferozepur, Government of Punjab, India |url=https://ferozepur.nic.in/ |access-date=7 August 2022}}</ref> is a city on the banks of the [[Sutlej River]] in [[Firozpur District]], [[Punjab, India]]. After the [[partition of India]] in 1947, it became a border town on the [[India–Pakistan border]] with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India.<ref>{{cite web
 
After the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, it became a border town on the [[Indo-Pakistani border]] with memorials of India's freedom fighters.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.infopunjab.com/punjab/travel/firozepur.htm
|url=http://www.infopunjab.com/punjab/travel/firozepur.htm
|title= Firozpur
|title= Firozpur
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==History==
==History==
The city of Firozpur is located on the banks of the Sutlej river on the Indo-Pakistan border. It was founded by Firoz Shah Tughlaq in the 14th century. The town is a major cantonment of the country. The town is located in 10 gates. The Saragarhi Memorial Gurudwara commemorates 21 Sikh soldiers of the 36th Sikh Regiment. The soldiers died while protecting the Fort Saragarhi in [[Waziristan]] on 12 September 1897.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Saragarhi.html |title=Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Painting of Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq.jpg|thumb|Painting of Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Kept in the collection of the [[Raza Library|Raza Library Rampur]].]]
The city of Firozpur was founded by [[Firuz Shah Tughlaq]], a ruler of the [[Tughlaq dynasty|Tughluq dynasty]], who reigned over the [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultanate of Delhi]] from 1351 to 1388.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |page=98}}</ref> It is located on the banks of the Sutlej River on the India–Pakistan border. The nearby [[Firozpur Cantonment]] is a major [[cantonment]] of the country.
 
British rule was first established in 1835, when, on the failure of heirs to the [[Sikh Empire|Sikh]] family who possessed it, a small [[escheat]] to the British government was formed, and the district was gradually formed around this nucleus. The strategic importance of Ferozepur (as it was spelled under the British) was at this time very great, and in 1839 it was the outpost of [[British India]] in the direction of the Sikh power. It accordingly became the scene of operations during the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]], in which the Sikhs crossed the [[Sutlej]] in December 1845, but were defeated and withdrew into their own territory, and peace was concluded with the [[Treaty of Lahore]]. Later, throughout the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Mutiny]] Ferozepur remained in the hands of the English.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Ferozepur|volume=10|page=281}}</ref>
 
The Saragarhi Memorial Gurudwara commemorates 21 Sikh soldiers of the 36th Sikh Regiment who died in the [[Battle of Saragarhi]], defending the [[Saragarhi Fort]] against an overwhelming enemy force of 10,000 [[Pathan]] tribesmen on 12 September 1897.<ref name="TOISep2022"/><ref name="Print2019"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Saragarhi.html |title=Saragarih Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-date=18 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118053750/http://ferozepur.nic.in/html/Saragarhi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> All of the 21 soldiers were awarded the [[Indian Order of Merit]] posthumously.<ref name="TOISep2022">{{cite news |last1=Kamal |first1=Neel |title=125 years of Battle of Saragarhi: Tale of Sikh grit is heard from Punjab to United Kingdom |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/125-years-of-battle-of-saragarhi-tale-of-sikh-grit-is-heard-from-punjab-to-united-kingdom/articleshow/94125413.cms |access-date=3 June 2023 |work=The Times of India |date=11 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="Print2019">{{cite news |last1=Panag |first1=H. S. |title=What Akshay Kumar's Kesari won't tell you: The real military account of Battle of Saragarhi |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/what-akshay-kumars-kesari-wont-tell-you-the-real-military-account-of-battle-of-saragarhi/213646/ |access-date=3 June 2023 |work=ThePrint |date=28 March 2019}}</ref>


The Barki Memorial was constructed in 1969 to perpetuate the memory of the soldiers of the 7 Infantry Division who died in battle in 1965 and paved the way for the fall of Barki a town situated at a distance of 15 miles south-east of [[Lahore]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Barki.html |title=Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |date=11 September 1969 |access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref>
The Barki Memorial, built in 1969, is a memorial to the soldiers of the 7 Infantry Division who died in a battle in 1965 which led to India taking the town of [[Barki, Pakistan|Barki]], 15 miles south-east of [[Lahore]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ferozepur.nic.in/html/Barki.html |title=The Barki Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India |publisher=Ferozepur.nic.in |access-date=31 January 2018 |archive-date=10 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210162140/http://ferozepur.nic.in/html/Barki.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
===Climate===
===Climate===
{{Weather box|location = Firozpur
{{Weather box|location = Firozpur
|width = 82%
|width = 50%
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{see also|List of cities in Punjab and Chandigarh}}
{{see also|List of cities in Punjab and Chandigarh}}
As of [[2011 Indian Census]], Firozpur had a total population of 110,313, of which 58,451 were males and 51,862 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 11,684. The total number of literates in Firozpur was 78,040, which constituted 70.7% of the population with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 67.9%. The effective literacy rate (population of 7 years and above) was 79.1%, of which male literacy rate was 82.3% and female literacy rate was 75.6%. The [[Scheduled Caste]] population was 27,395. Firozpur had 22263 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Firozpur |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=38365 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2 January 2020}}</ref>
According to the 2001 Indian [[census]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 |archive-date=16 June 2004 |title=Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional) |access-date=1 November 2008 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead  }}</ref> Firozpur had a population of 95,451, which increased from 78,738 in 1991. Males constitute 53 per cent of the population and females 47 per cent. It had an average literacy rate of 71 per cent, higher than the national average of 59.5 per cent: male literacy was 73 per cent and female literacy 68 per cent. 11 per cent of the population was under 6 years of age.
==Religion==
According to the 2011 census, out of total population of 110313 in Fizopur city, [[Hinduism]] is followed by 77743 (70.47%) people and [[Sikhism]] by 28961 (26.25%). Minorities are [[Christianity]], [[Islam]], [[Buddhism]] and [[Jainism]], followed by less than 1% of the population.<ref name="Religion"/>
{{bar box|width = 300px
{{bar box|width = 300px
  |barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
  |barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
  |title=Religion in Firozpur<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW03C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Firozpur City |website=census.gov.in |access-date=1 January 2020}}</ref>
  |title=Religion in Firozpur City<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11389/download/14502/DDW03C-01%20MDDS.XLS |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community - Firozpur City |website=census.gov.in |access-date=29 June 2022}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
Line 161: Line 163:
|float=left
|float=left
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|#FF6600|70.47}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|DarkOrange|70.47}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|#FFFF00|26.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|Darkkhaki|26.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|#9955BB|2.35}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|Blue|2.35}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|0.31}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|Green|0.31}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|0.61}}}}
{{bar percent|Others|Grey|0.61}}}}
{{clear}}
 
As of the [[2011 Indian Census]], Firozpur had a total population of 110,313, of which 58,451 (53%) were male and 51,862 (47%) were female. 10.6% of the population was six years old or younger. The total number of literate people in Firozpur was 78,040, which constituted 70.7% of the population, with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 67.9%. The effective literacy rate (population of 7 years and above) was 79.1%, of which the male literacy rate was 82.3% and female literacy rate was 75.6%. The [[Scheduled Caste]] population was 27,395. Firozpur had 22,263 households in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Firozpur |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=38365 |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2 January 2020}}</ref>
 
===Religion===
According to the 2011 census, out of a total population of 110,313 in Firozpur city, [[Hinduism]] is followed by 77,743 (70.5%) people and [[Sikhism]] by 28,961 (26.3%). Minorities religions include [[Christianity]], [[Islam]], [[Jainism]], and [[Buddhism]].<ref name="Religion"/>
 
{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ Religious groups in Firozpur City (1891−2011){{efn|1891-1941: Data for the entirety of the town of Firozpur, which included Firozpur Municipality and Firozpur Cantonment.<ref name="Census1941"/>{{rp|32}}|name="FirozpurCity1891to1941"}}
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in India|Religious]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |1891<ref name="Census1891">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1891-26575632/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1891 GENERAL TABLES BRITISH PROVINCES AND FEUDATORY STATES VOL I|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|68}}
! colspan="2" |1901<ref name="Census1901">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1901-26575826/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1901 VOLUME I-A INDIA PART II-TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|44}}
! colspan="2" |1911<ref name="Census1911">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1911-26575903/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1911 VOLUME XIV PUNJAB PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|20}}
! colspan="2" |1921<ref name="Census1921">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1921-26575918/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1921 VOLUME XV PUNJAB AND DELHI PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|23}}
! colspan="2" |1931<ref name="Census1931">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/SAOA/SouthAsiaOpenArchivesSAOA/CensusReports-1931-26575928/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1931 VOLUME XVII PUNJAB PART II TABLES|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|26}}
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="Census1941">{{cite web|url=https://www.jstor.org/site/south-asia-open-archives/saoa/censusofindia1941-28216851/|title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB|access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref>{{rp|32}}
! colspan="2" |2011
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|15px]]
| 23,047
| {{Percentage | 23047 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 21,304
| {{Percentage | 21304 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 21,542
| {{Percentage | 21542 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 24,525
| {{Percentage | 24525 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 28,253{{efn|name=ad-dharmi|1931-1941: Including [[Ad-Dharmi]]s}}
| {{Percentage | 28253 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 34,543{{efn|name=ad-dharmi}}
| {{Percentage | 34543 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 77,743
| {{Percentage | 77743 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Islam]] [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|15px]]
| 22,018
| {{Percentage | 22018 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 24,314
| {{Percentage | 24314 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 23,409
| {{Percentage | 23409 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 24,456
| {{Percentage | 24456 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 28,464
| {{Percentage | 28464 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 38,390
| {{Percentage | 38390 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 342
| {{Percentage | 342 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Sikhism]] [[File:Khanda.svg|15px]]
| 3,387
| {{Percentage | 3387 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 1,635
| {{Percentage | 1635 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 2,951
| {{Percentage | 2951 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 3,025
| {{Percentage | 3025 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 4,439
| {{Percentage | 4439 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 6,457
| {{Percentage | 6457 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 28,961
| {{Percentage | 28961 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Christianity]] [[File:Christian cross.svg|15px]]
| 1,561
| {{Percentage | 1561 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 1,753
| {{Percentage | 1753 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 2,439
| {{Percentage | 2439 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 1,855
| {{Percentage | 1855 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 2,942
| {{Percentage | 2942 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 1,533
| {{Percentage | 1533 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 2,591
| {{Percentage | 2591 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Jainism]] [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg|15px]]
| 407
| {{Percentage | 407 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 301
| {{Percentage | 301 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 479
| {{Percentage | 479 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 476
| {{Percentage | 476 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 511
| {{Percentage | 511 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 630
| {{Percentage | 630 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 148
| {{Percentage | 148 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Zoroastrianism]] [[File:Faravahar.svg|15px]]
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 4
| {{Percentage | 4 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 16
| {{Percentage | 16 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 14
| {{Percentage | 14 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 24
| {{Percentage | 24 | 64634 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
|-
| [[Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|15px]]
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 1
| {{Percentage | 1 | 64634 | 2 }}
| {{N/a}}
| {{N/a}}
| 43
| {{Percentage | 43 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
| Others
| 2
| {{Percentage | 2 | 50437 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 49341 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 50836 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 54351 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 64634 | 2 }}
| 949
| {{Percentage | 949 | 82502 | 2 }}
| 485
| {{Percentage | 485 | 110313 | 2 }}
|-
! Total population
! 50,437
! {{Percentage | 50437 | 50437 | 2 }}
! 49,341
! {{Percentage | 49341 | 49341 | 2 }}
! 50,836
! {{Percentage | 50836 | 50836 | 2 }}
! 54,351
! {{Percentage | 54351 | 54351 | 2 }}
! 64,634
! {{Percentage | 64634 | 64634 | 2 }}
! 82,502
! {{Percentage | 82502 | 82502 | 2 }}
! 110,313
! {{Percentage | 110313 | 110313 | 2 }}
|}


==Media==
==Media==
Line 173: Line 350:
==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{see also|:Category:People from Firozpur}}
{{see also|:Category:People from Firozpur}}
<!--Only add if the person has an article in English Wikipedia. Arranged alphabetically by LAST NAME-->
*[[Susham Bedi]], author
*[[Susham Bedi]], author
*[[Preet Bharara]], attorney and media personality
*[[Preet Bharara]], attorney and media personality
Line 178: Line 356:
*[[Alexander Cadell]], cricketer
*[[Alexander Cadell]], cricketer
*[[Sohraab Dhaliwal]], cricketer
*[[Sohraab Dhaliwal]], cricketer
*[[Horatio Dumbleton]], cricketer
*[[Horatio Dumbleton]], cricketer  
*[[Sher Singh Ghubaya]], politician
*[[Sher Singh Ghubaya]], politician
*[[Annie Gill]], actress
*[[Annie Gill]], actress
*[[Balram Jakhar]], politician
*[[Charles Kindersley]], cricketer
*[[Zora Singh Maan]], politician
*[[Zora Singh Maan]], politician
*[[Verma Malik]], lyricist
*[[Verma Malik]], lyricist
*[[Charles Kindersley]], cricketer
*[[Narain Chand Parashar]], politician
*[[Narain Chand Parashar]], politician
*[[Bano Qudsia]], writer
*[[Bano Qudsia]], writer
*[[Janmeja Singh Sekhon]], politician
*[[Ajit Pal Singh]], hockey player
*[[Gagan Ajit Singh]], hockey player
*[[Ganda Singh]], revolutionary
*[[Ganda Singh]], revolutionary
*[[Janmeja Singh Sekhon]], politician
*[[Gurbaj Singh]], hockey player
*[[Princepal Singh]], basketball player
*[[Ronjan Sodhi]], shooter
*[[Ronjan Sodhi]], shooter
*[[Princepal Singh]], basketball player
*[[Manav Vij]], actor


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Cite Americana|wstitle=Firozpur |short=x}}
* {{Cite Americana|wstitle=Firozpur |short=x}}
*{{Official website|http://ferozepur.nic.in}}
* {{Official website|http://ferozepur.nic.in}}


{{Firozpur district}}
{{Firozpur district}}


[[Category:Punjab]]
[[Category:Firozpur| ]]
[[Category:Firozpur| ]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 14th century]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 14th century]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Firozpur district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Firozpur district]]

Latest revision as of 06:06, 22 July 2023

This article is about the municipality in Punjab, India. For its namesake district, see Firozpur district.


Firozpur
City
Clockwise from top:
Saragarhi Memorial in Firozpur, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Stadium, The Barki Memorial
Firozpur is located in Punjab
Firozpur
Firozpur
Location in Punjab, India
Firozpur is located in India
Firozpur
Firozpur
Firozpur (India)
Firozpur is located in Asia
Firozpur
Firozpur
Firozpur (Asia)
Coordinates: 30°55′00″N 74°36′00″E / 30.9166°N 74.6°E / 30.9166; 74.6Coordinates: 30°55′00″N 74°36′00″E / 30.9166°N 74.6°E / 30.9166; 74.6
Country India
StatePunjab
DistrictFirozpur
Founded byFiroz Shah Tughluq
Named forFiroz Shah Tughluq
Government
 • Member of ParliamentSukhbir Singh Badal (SAD)
 • Member of the Legislative Assembly (Urban)Ranbir Singh Bhullar(AAP)
 • Member of the Legislative Assembly (Rural)Rajnish Dahiya (AAP)[1]
Elevation
182 m (597 ft)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total110,313
 • Density380/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Firozpuri, Firozpuria
Languages
 • OfficialPunjabi[3]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
152001
UNLOCODE
IN FIR
Area code91-1632
Vehicle registrationPB-05
Literacy70.7%
Lok Sabha constituencyFirozpur
Vidhan Sabha constituencyFirozpur city
Planning agencyPUDA
Major HighwaysNH95 SH15 SH 20
ClimateBSh (Köppen)
Avg. summer temperature29.7 °C (85.5 °F)
Avg. winter temperature16.9 °C (62.4 °F)
Precipitation731.6 millimetres (28.80 in)
Websiteferozepur.nic.in

Firozpur, also known as Ferozepur,[4] is a city on the banks of the Sutlej River in Firozpur District, Punjab, India. After the partition of India in 1947, it became a border town on the India–Pakistan border with memorials to soldiers who died fighting for India.[5]

History

Painting of Sultan Firuz Shah Tughlaq. Kept in the collection of the Raza Library Rampur.

The city of Firozpur was founded by Firuz Shah Tughlaq, a ruler of the Tughluq dynasty, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388.[6] It is located on the banks of the Sutlej River on the India–Pakistan border. The nearby Firozpur Cantonment is a major cantonment of the country.

British rule was first established in 1835, when, on the failure of heirs to the Sikh family who possessed it, a small escheat to the British government was formed, and the district was gradually formed around this nucleus. The strategic importance of Ferozepur (as it was spelled under the British) was at this time very great, and in 1839 it was the outpost of British India in the direction of the Sikh power. It accordingly became the scene of operations during the First Anglo-Sikh War, in which the Sikhs crossed the Sutlej in December 1845, but were defeated and withdrew into their own territory, and peace was concluded with the Treaty of Lahore. Later, throughout the Indian Mutiny Ferozepur remained in the hands of the English.[7]

The Saragarhi Memorial Gurudwara commemorates 21 Sikh soldiers of the 36th Sikh Regiment who died in the Battle of Saragarhi, defending the Saragarhi Fort against an overwhelming enemy force of 10,000 Pathan tribesmen on 12 September 1897.[8][9][10] All of the 21 soldiers were awarded the Indian Order of Merit posthumously.[8][9]

The Barki Memorial, built in 1969, is a memorial to the soldiers of the 7 Infantry Division who died in a battle in 1965 which led to India taking the town of Barki, 15 miles south-east of Lahore.[11]

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Firozpur
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 19
(66) 		21
(69) 		26
(78) 		34
(94) 		38
(101) 		39
(103) 		34
(94) 		33
(91) 		33
(92) 		32
(89) 		26
(79) 		21
(69) 		30
(85)
Average low °C (°F) 7
(44) 		8
(47) 		13
(55) 		18
(65) 		23
(73) 		26
(79) 		26
(79) 		24
(76) 		23
(74) 		17
(63) 		11
(52) 		7
(45) 		17
(63)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 20
(0.80) 		38
(1.50) 		30
(1.20) 		20
(0.80) 		20
(0.80) 		61
(2.40) 		229
(9.00) 		188
(7.40) 		86
(3.40) 		5.1
(0.20) 		13
(0.50) 		20
(0.80) 		730.1
(28.8)
Source: [12]

Demographics

See also: List of cities in Punjab and Chandigarh
Religion in Firozpur City[13]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 70.47%
Sikhism
 
 26.25%
Christianity
 
 2.35%
Islam
 
 0.31%
Others
 
 0.61%

As of the 2011 Indian Census, Firozpur had a total population of 110,313, of which 58,451 (53%) were male and 51,862 (47%) were female. 10.6% of the population was six years old or younger. The total number of literate people in Firozpur was 78,040, which constituted 70.7% of the population, with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 67.9%. The effective literacy rate (population of 7 years and above) was 79.1%, of which the male literacy rate was 82.3% and female literacy rate was 75.6%. The Scheduled Caste population was 27,395. Firozpur had 22,263 households in 2011.[2]

Religion

According to the 2011 census, out of a total population of 110,313 in Firozpur city, Hinduism is followed by 77,743 (70.5%) people and Sikhism by 28,961 (26.3%). Minorities religions include Christianity, Islam, Jainism, and Buddhism.[13]

Religious groups in Firozpur City (1891−2011)[lower-alpha 1]
Religious
group 		1891[15]:68 1901[16]:44 1911[17]:20 1921[18]:23 1931[19]:26 1941[14]:32 2011
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hinduism Om.svg 23,047 45.69% 21,304 43.18% 21,542 42.38% 24,525 45.12% 28,253[lower-alpha 2] 43.71% 34,543[lower-alpha 2] 41.87% 77,743 70.47%
Islam Star and Crescent.svg 22,018 43.65% 24,314 49.28% 23,409 46.05% 24,456 45% 28,464 44.04% 38,390 46.53% 342 0.31%
Sikhism Khanda.svg 3,387 6.72% 1,635 3.31% 2,951 5.8% 3,025 5.57% 4,439 6.87% 6,457 7.83% 28,961 26.25%
Christianity Christian cross.svg 1,561 3.09% 1,753 3.55% 2,439 4.8% 1,855 3.41% 2,942 4.55% 1,533 1.86% 2,591 2.35%
Jainism Jain Prateek Chihna.svg 407 0.81% 301 0.61% 479 0.94% 476 0.88% 511 0.79% 630 0.76% 148 0.13%
Zoroastrianism Faravahar.svg 15 0.03% 4 0.01% 16 0.03% 14 0.03% 24 0.04% N/A N/A N/A N/A
Buddhism Dharma Wheel (2).svg 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 1 0% N/A N/A 43 0.04%
Others 2 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 949 1.15% 485 0.44%
Total population 50,437 100% 49,341 100% 50,836 100% 54,351 100% 64,634 100% 82,502 100% 110,313 100%

Media

Firozpur has an All India Radio Relay station known as Akashvani Firozpur. It broadcasts on 100.1 MHz frequency.

Notable people

See also: Category:People from Firozpur

Notes

  1. ↑ 1891-1941: Data for the entirety of the town of Firozpur, which included Firozpur Municipality and Firozpur Cantonment.[14]:32
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis
  1. ↑ "Assembly elections 2017: Only 6 women legislators make entry into Punjab Assembly". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Census of India: Firozpur". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  3. ↑ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  4. ↑ "District Ferozepur, Government of Punjab, India". Retrieved 7 August 2022.
  5. ↑ "Firozpur". Info Punjab. Retrieved 14 October 2006.
  6. ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. p. 98. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
  7. ↑  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ferozepur". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 281.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kamal, Neel (11 September 2022). "125 years of Battle of Saragarhi: Tale of Sikh grit is heard from Punjab to United Kingdom". The Times of India. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Panag, H. S. (28 March 2019). "What Akshay Kumar's Kesari won't tell you: The real military account of Battle of Saragarhi". ThePrint. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
  10. ↑ "Saragarih Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India". Ferozepur.nic.in. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  11. ↑ "The Barki Memorial - Welcome to the official website of District Ferozepur, Punjab, India". Ferozepur.nic.in. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  12. ↑ "Average Weather for Firozpur - Temperature and Precipitation". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 25 February 2008.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "C-1 Population By Religious Community - Firozpur City". census.gov.in. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI PUNJAB". Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  15. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1891 GENERAL TABLES BRITISH PROVINCES AND FEUDATORY STATES VOL I". Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  16. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1901 VOLUME I-A INDIA PART II-TABLES". Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  17. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1911 VOLUME XIV PUNJAB PART II TABLES". Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  18. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1921 VOLUME XV PUNJAB AND DELHI PART II TABLES". Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  19. ↑ "CENSUS OF INDIA, 1931 VOLUME XVII PUNJAB PART II TABLES". Retrieved 17 January 2023.

External links

Template:Firozpur district

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