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Trichonephila
| Trichonephila | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female Trichonephila clavipes | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| : | [[Template:Taxonomy/Trichonephila]] Dahl, 1911[1] |
| Type species | |
| T. clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767)
| |
| Species | |
|
12, see text | |
Trichonephila is a genus of orb-weaver spiders that was first described by Friedrich Dahl in 1911, as a subgenus of Nephila.[2] Trichonephila was elevated to the level of genus (new rank) by Kuntner et al in 2019.[3]
Species[edit]
As of August 2019[update] it contains twelve species and fourteen subspecies, found in Africa, Oceania, Asia, and over all the Americas:[1]
- Trichonephila antipodiana (Walckenaer, 1841) – China, Philippines to New Guinea, Solomon Is., Australia (Queensland)
- Trichonephila clavata (L. Koch, 1878) – India to Japan, Georgia-USA
- Trichonephila c. caerulescens (Ono, 2011) – Japan
- Trichonephila clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (type) – USA to Argentina. Introduced to São Tomé and Príncipe
- Trichonephila c. fasciculata (De Geer, 1778) – USA to Argentina
- Trichonephila c. vespucea (Walckenaer, 1841) – Argentina
- Trichonephila edulis (Labillardière, 1799) – Australia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Zealand
- Trichonephila fenestrata (Thorell, 1859) – South Africa
- Trichonephila f. fuelleborni (Dahl, 1912) – East Africa
- Trichonephila f. venusta (Blackwall, 1865) – West, Central Africa
- Trichonephila inaurata (Walckenaer, 1841) – Mauritius, Réunion
- Trichonephila i. madagascariensis (Vinson, 1863) – South Africa to Seychelles
- Trichonephila komaci (Kuntner & Coddington, 2009) – South Africa, Madagascar
- Trichonephila plumipes (Latreille, 1804) – Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Solomon Is., New Ireland
- Trichonephila senegalensis (Walckenaer, 1841) – West Africa to Ethiopia
- Trichonephila s. annulata (Thorell, 1859) – Namibia, South Africa
- Trichonephila s. bragantina (Brito Capello, 1867) – Central Africa
- Trichonephila s. hildebrandti (Dahl, 1912) – Madagascar
- Trichonephila s. huebneri (Dahl, 1912) – East Africa
- Trichonephila s. keyserlingi (Blackwall, 1865) – Congo, East Africa
- Trichonephila s. nyikae (Pocock, 1898) – East Africa
- Trichonephila s. schweinfurthi (Simon, 1890) – Yemen
- Trichonephila sexpunctata (Giebel, 1867) – Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
- Trichonephila sumptuosa (Gerstäcker, 1873) – East Africa, Yemen (Socotra)
- Trichonephila turneri (Blackwall, 1833) – West, Central Africa
- Trichonephila t. orientalis (Benoit, 1964) – Central, East Africa
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Gen. Trichonephila Dahl, 1911". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
- ↑ Dahl, F. (1911). "Die Verbreitung der Spinnen spricht gegen eine frühere Landverbindung der Südspitzen unsrer Kontinente". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 37: 270–282.
- ↑ Kuntner, Matjaž; Hamilton, Chris A.; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Gregorič, Matjaž; Lupše, Nik; Lokovšek, Tjaša; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Lemmon, Alan R.; Agnarsson, Ingi; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Bond, Jason E. (2019). "Golden orbweavers ignore biological rules: phylogenomic and comparative analyses unravel a complex evolution of sexual size dimorphism". Systematic Biology. 68 (4): 555–72. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syy082. PMID 30517732. S2CID 54562033.