Guwahati: Difference between revisions

| name                           = Guwahati

| other_name                     =<br />Guvahati (medieval)<br />Gauhati (anglicised)

| settlement_type                 = [[Metropolis]]

| image_skyline                   = {{Photomontage

| photo4a = Sarusajai2.jpg

| color_border              = black

| size                      = 260

| image_caption                   = From top, left-to-right: Guwahati Aerial View, Guwahati Club Area, [[Guwahati Planetarium]], [[Guwahati railway station]], [[Kamakhya Temple]], [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]]

| image_seal                     =  

| seal_alt                       =  

| nicknames                       = Gateway to Northeast India,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/sep/28/insider-guide-guwahati-gateway-india-northeast|title=An insider's guide to Guwahati: more than just a gateway to India's northeast|work=The Guardian|date=28 September 2015|access-date=5 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004215757/http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/sep/28/insider-guide-guwahati-gateway-india-northeast|archive-date=4 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> City of Temples, Light of the East<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kamrupmetro.nic.in/indexmain.asp |title=Kamrup Metro District |publisher=Kamrup(M) District Administration |access-date=5 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911190123/http://kamrupmetro.nic.in/indexmain.asp |archive-date=11 September 2015}}</ref>

| image_map                       = GMC-MAP-1.png

| map_alt                         =  

| map_caption                     = Guwahati Metropolis Map

| pushpin_map                     = India Assam#India

| pushpin_label_position         =  

| pushpin_map_alt                 = Kamrup

| pushpin_map_caption             = Map of Assam

| coordinates                     = {{coord|26|10|20|N|91|44|45|E|display=inline,title}}

| subdivision_type               = Country

| subdivision_name               = {{Flag|India}}

| subdivision_type1               = [[States and territories of India|State]]

| subdivision_name1               = [[Assam]]

| subdivision_type2               = [[List of regions of India|Region]]

| subdivision_name2               = [[Lower Assam]]

| subdivision_type3               = [[List of districts of India|District]]

| subdivision_name3               = [[Kamrup Metropolitan district]]

| established_title               = <!-- Established -->

| established_date               =  

| founder                         =  

| named_for                       =  

| government_type                 = [[Mayor-council]]

| governing_body                 = [[Guwahati Municipal Corporation]]

| leader_title1                  = [[Mayor]]

| leader_name1                    = Mrigen Sarania ([[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]])

| leader_title2                  = Deputy Commissioner

| leader_name2                    = Biswajit Pegu, IAS<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cm.assam.gov.in/dc.php|title=Chief Minister of Assam - Deputy Commissioners|access-date=10 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510122644/http://cm.assam.gov.in/dc.php|archive-date=10 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

| leader_name3                    = Munna Prasad Gupta, IPS<ref>{{cite web |url=https://police.assam.gov.in/about-us/detail/commissionerate-of-police-guwahati |title=Police Commissionerate Guwahati |publisher=Guwahati City Police |access-date=15 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906155742/http://guwahaticitypolice.gov.in/contact_us/senior_officers.php |archive-date=6 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

| area_footnotes                  = <ref name='Guwahati City'>{{cite web|title=Guwahati City|url=https://gscl.assam.gov.in/information-services/guwahati-biodiversity}}</ref><ref name="The Telegraph">{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150101/jsp/northeast/story_6181.jsp#.VffzEfmqpBc |title=Magisterial powers for Guwahati top cop |work=The Telegraph|access-date=15 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930233628/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150101/jsp/northeast/story_6181.jsp#.VffzEfmqpBc |archive-date=30 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

| area_metro_footnotes            = <ref name='GMDA'>{{cite web|title=GMDA|url=https://gmda.assam.gov.in/about-us/what-we-do-0}}</ref>

| elevation_footnotes            =  

| elevation_m                    = 50-680 <!-- Google Earth elevation scale, from Pandu Ghat to Ahom Gaon near ISBT. Do not modify. Average elevation is a nonsensical measure for a hilly city and thus altitude extremities carry valuable meaning. Similar is done with most hilly or mountainous cities on the planet. From Tehran to Los Angeles to Zurich to even Delhi. -->

| elevation_ft                    = 164-2231

| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html |title=Guwahati City Census |publisher=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=15 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201746/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

| population_total                = 957,352

| population_as_of                = 2011<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://populationstat.com/india/gauhati |title = Population of Guwahati 2020 (Demographic, Facts, Etc) – India Population 2020}}</ref>

| blank1_name_sec1               = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]

| blank1_info_sec1               = {{increase}} 0.703 {{color|green|high}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.okd.in/downloads/assam_hdr_30sep2016.pdf|title=Archived copy|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322195446/http://okd.in/downloads/assam_hdr_30sep2016.pdf|archive-date=22 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

| blank2_name_sec1               = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]

| blank2_info_sec1               = 940 [[female|♀]]/ 1000 [[male|♂]]

| blank3_name_sec1               = City animal

| blank3_info_sec1               = [[South Asian river dolphin|Gangetic river Dolphin]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.timesofindia.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Gangetic-river-dolphin-to-be-city-animal-of-Guwahati/articleshow/52623206.cms|title=Gangetic river dolphin to be city animal of Guwahati|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=14 June 2017|date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170924025948/http://m.timesofindia.com/home/environment/flora-fauna/Gangetic-river-dolphin-to-be-city-animal-of-Guwahati/articleshow/52623206.cms|archive-date=24 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

| blank1_name_sec2               = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]

| blank1_info_sec2               = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cwa]]

| blank2_name_sec2               = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]

| blank2_info_sec2               = {{convert|2054|mm|in}}

| blank3_name_sec2               = {{nowrap|[[Official language]]}}

| blank3_info_sec2               = [[Assamese language|Assamese

| blank4_name_sec2               = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]

| blank4_info_sec2               = 91.47%<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html |title=Guwahati City Census 2011 data |publisher=Census2011.co.in |access-date=2014-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201746/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

| website                         = {{URL|www.gmcportal.in/gmc-web//}}

| official_name                   =  

'''Guwahati''' ({{IPAc-en|ɡ|uː|@|ˈ|h|ɑː|t|i}}, {{IPA-as|guwaɦati|lang}}; formerly rendered '''Gauhati''' {{IPAc-en|ɡ|aʊ|ˈ|h|ɑː|t|i}}) is the biggest city of the [[Indian state]] of [[Assam]] and also the largest [[metropolis]] in northeastern India. [[Dispur]], the capital of Assam, is in the circuit city region located within Guwahati and is the seat of the [[Government of Assam]]. A major riverine port city along with hills, and one of the fastest growing<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Choudhury|first=Rekha|date=2010-12-31|title=Floating population in Guwahati and its impact on the citys environment|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/10603/67544|journal=University|language=English}}</ref> cities in [[India]], Guwahati is situated on the south bank of the [[Brahmaputra]].<ref name="Capital of Assam">{{cite web |url=https://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/capitalofassam |title=Capital of Assam |publisher=Assam Online Portal |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150807175846/http://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/capitalofassam |archive-date=7 August 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It is called the 'Gateway to North East India'.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 27, 2011|title=Guwahati a gateway to the exotic North East|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/Guwahati-a-gateway-to-the-exotic-North-East/articleshow/16183684.cms|access-date=2020-06-10|website=Mumbai Mirror|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhushan|first=Chandra|title=Assam: Its Heritage and Culture|publisher=Kalpaz Publications|year=2005|isbn=978-8178353524|pages=182}}</ref>

Many ancient Hindu temples like the [[Kamakhya Temple]], [[Ugratara Devalaya|Ugratara Temple]], [[Basistha Temple]], [[Doul Govinda Temple]], [[Umananda Temple]], [[Navagraha temples#Navagraha Temple in Assam|Navagraha Temple]], [[Sukreswar Temple]], [[Rudreswar Temple]], [[Manikarneswar Temple]], [[Aswaklanta Temple]], [[Dirgheshwari temple|Dirgheshwari Temple]], [[Asvakranta Temple]], [[Lankeshwar Temple]], Bhubaneswari Temple, [https://shree-ganesh-mandir-shree-panchayatana-temple.business.site/?utm_source=gmb&utm_medium=referral Shree Ganesh Mandir, Shree Panchayatana Temple, Noonmati] etc, are situated in the city, giving it the title of "The City of Temples".<ref name="About Guwahati">{{cite web|url=http://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/About-Guwahati|title=About Guwahati|publisher=guwahationline.in|access-date=17 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016012942/http://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/about-guwahati|archive-date=16 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

Guwahati lies between the banks of the [[Brahmaputra River]] and the foothills of the [[Shillong]] plateau, with [[Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport|LGB International Airport]] to the west and the town of [[Narengi]] to the east. The [[North Guwahati]] area, to the northern bank of the Brahmaputra, is being gradually incorporated into the city limits. The noted [[Madan Kamdev]] is situated 30 kilometers (19 miles) from Guwahati. The [[Guwahati Municipal Corporation]], the city's local government, administers an area of {{convert|216|km2}},<ref name='Guwahati City'/> while the [[Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority]] (GMDA) is the planning and development body of Greater Guwahati Metropolitan Area.<ref name='GMDA'/> Guwahati is the largest city in [[Northeast India]].<ref name="The Telegraph"/>

Epigraphic sources place the capital of Kamarupa kingdom in Guwahati.<ref>{{Harvcol|Gait|1906|pp=13–15}}</ref> The [[Kalika Purana]] mention that Kamarupa was inhabited by [[Kirata|Kiratas]].<ref>{{harvcol|Shin|2019|p=320}} According to the Kalika Puranaa, 'that country [Kamarupa], inhabited by the strong, cruel and foolish Kirata people, was kept concealed by Siva in the past for using as his own province' (Shastri 1992: chapter 38, 101)</ref> Located within Guwahati is the ancient Shakti temple of Goddess [[Kamakhya Temple|Kamakhya]] in Nilachal hill (an important seat of [[tantra|Tantric]] and [[Vajrayana]] [[Buddhism]]), the ancient and unique astrological temple Navagraha in Chitrachal Hill, and archaeological remains in [[Basistha]] and other archaeological locations of mythological importance.<ref name="Guwahati">{{cite web|url=http://www.guwahatitimes.com/guwahati/guwahati.html|title=Guwahati|publisher=guwahatitimes.com|access-date=9 November 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208185823/http://www.guwahatitimes.com/guwahati/guwahati.html|archive-date=8 December 2015}}</ref>

[[File:DEV 8829.jpg|left|thumb|A view of [[Kamakhya Temple]]]]

The [[Ambari]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jan2316/at055|title=Civilisation existed in Guwahati between 2nd, 1st century BC|date=22 January 2016|work=The Assam Tribune|access-date=27 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127024137/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=jan2316%2Fat055|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> excavations trace the time period of the city of Guwahati between the 2nd century BCE and the 1st century CE, in the [[Shunga Empire|Shunga]]-[[Kushan Empire|Kushana]] period of [[History of India|Indian history]]. It is speculated that during the earlier periods of the city's history it was known as [[Pragjyotishpura]], and was the capital of Assam under the [[Kamarupa]] kingdom. Descriptions by [[Xuanzang]] (Hiuen Tsang) reveal that during the reign of the Varman king [[Bhaskaravarman]] (7th century CE), the city stretched for about 30 ''li'' ({{cvt|15|km|disp=or}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://enajori.com/assam-in-the-eyes-of-hiuen-tsiang-avinibesh-sharma|title=Assam in the eyes of Hiuen Tsang|publisher=enajori.com|access-date=18 September 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812032520/http://enajori.com/assam-in-the-eyes-of-hiuen-tsiang-avinibesh-sharma/|archive-date=12 August 2015}}</ref> Archaeological evidence by excavations in Ambari, and excavated brick walls and houses discovered during construction of the present [[Cotton College, Guwahati|Cotton College]]'s auditorium suggest the city was of economic and strategic importance until the 9th–11th century CE.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/history|title=History|publisher=Assam Online Portal|access-date=18 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002154140/https://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/history|archive-date=2 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Lachit_Borphukan_and_his_army.jpg|Statue of [[Lachit Borphukan]]|thumb|alt=|left]]

Forces of [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji]] suffered a disastrous defeat in the hands of [[Raja Prithu]] in Kamrup during [[Bakhtiyar Khilji's Tibet campaign|Tibetan expedition]]. The entire army of Bakhtiyar Khalji was defeated by native forces, which forced him to retreat.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chaudhury|first=P. D.|title=Archaeology in Assam: An Introduction|publisher=Directorate of Archaeolgy, Assam|year=2010|pages=21|quote=It was during his reign that the Muslim invaders led by Ibn Bakhtiyar attacked the kingdom of Kamarupa for the first time in 1206 A.D. The Muslim army was completely annihilated by Prithu.}}</ref>

The city was the seat of the [[Borphukan]], the civil-military authority of the Lower Assam region appointed by the [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]] kings. The Borphukan's residence was in the present [[Fancy Bazaar]] area, and his council-hall, called ''Dopdar'', was about {{convert|300|yd}} to the west of the [[Bharalu River|Bharalu]] stream. The Majindar Baruah, the personal secretary of the Borphukan, had his residence in the present-day deputy commissioner's residence.{{sfn|Baruah|1993|pp=200–201}}

The Mughals invaded Assam seventeen times, but were defeated by the Ahoms in the [[Battle of Itakhuli]] and the [[Battle of Saraighat]] in outskirts of Guwahati.There was an ancient boatyard in [[Dighalipukhuri]], probably used by the Ahoms in medieval times.<ref name="Guwahati2">{{cite web|title=Guwahati|url=http://www.guwahatitimes.com/guwahati/guwahati.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208185823/http://www.guwahatitimes.com/guwahati/guwahati.html|archive-date=8 December 2015|access-date=9 November 2015|publisher=guwahatitimes.com}}</ref> Medieval constructions include temples, ramparts, and other structures in the city.<ref>{{cite news|author=Reporter, Staff|date=11 May 2009|title=Ambari excavation site reveals age of Guwahati|work=The Assam Tribune|location=Guwahati|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=may1109/City8|url-status=dead|access-date=12 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213217/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=may1109%2FCity8|archive-date=4 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Saikh Md Sabah Al-Ahmed|title=The Tales of Ponds|work=The Assam Tribune|location=Guwahati|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/may3009/horizon.html|url-status=dead|access-date=12 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119053923/http://www.assamtribune.com/may3009/horizon.html|archive-date=19 January 2012}}</ref>

In 1972, the capital of Assam was moved to Dispur, a neighbourhood in Guwahati.

The Brahmaputra river flows to the north of the metropolis. The city is bordered on the south by the foothills of the Shillong plateau and to the east by the Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary. The [[Bharalu River]], a tributary of the Brahmaputra, flows right through the heart of the city. To the south-west of the city lies [[Dipor Bil]], a permanent freshwater lake with no prominent inflows apart from monsoon run-off from the hills that lie to the south of the lake. The lake drains into the Brahmaputra, {{cvt|5|km}} to the north, and acts as a natural stormwater reservoir for the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/geography-of-guwahati|title=Geography of Guwahati|publisher=Guwahati Online Portal|access-date=15 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017113955/http://www.guwahationline.in/city-guide/geography-of-guwahati|archive-date=17 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.maharashtraweb.com/Assam/Cities/Guwahati/geographyofguwahati.asp| title=Geographical Profile of Guwahati| publisher=Maharashtra Web Portal| access-date=15 September 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070118000337/http://www.maharashtraweb.com/Assam/Cities/Guwahati/geographyofguwahati.asp| archive-date=18 January 2007| url-status=live}}</ref> There are also multiple hills within the city limits.

[[File:Guwahati Urban Morphology.png|thumb|Guwahati's urban morphology|alt=]]

The corridor extending towards the west (around {{cvt|30|km|disp=sqbr}} from the city-center) contains a rail-road linking not only Guwahati but also other parts of the northeastern region east of Guwahati to western Assam and the rest of India. The corridor links residential and historically important areas such as Nilachal Hill (Kamakhya), Pandu, and Maligaon (headquarters of Northeast Frontier Railways) before it separates into two – one towards North Guwahati via the [[Saraighat]] Bridge and the other continuing west towards LGB International Airport via [[Gauhati University]] (Jalukbari). There are also many river ports/jetties along this corridor.<ref name="Capital of Assam" /><ref name="Guwahati's Urban Morphology" />

| location = Guwahati ([[Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport]]) 1981–2010, extremes 1951–present

| Jan record high C = 29.6

| Apr record high C = 40.1

| Jun record high C = 38.5

| Jul record high C = 37.5

| Aug record high C = 38.0

| Nov record high C = 33.0

| year record high C = 40.3

| Jan high C = 23.6

| Feb high C = 26.3

| Mar high C = 29.8

| Apr high C = 30.6

| May high C = 31.4

| Jun high C = 32.2

| Jul high C = 32.1

| Aug high C = 32.6

| Sep high C = 31.8

| Oct high C = 30.6

| Nov high C = 28.0

| Dec high C = 24.9

| year high C = 29.5

| Jan mean C = 17.3

| Feb mean C = 19.8

| Mar mean C = 23.1

| Apr mean C = 25.4

| May mean C = 27.0

| Jun mean C = 28.7

| Jul mean C = 29.0

| Aug mean C = 29.2

| Sep mean C = 28.4

| Oct mean C = 26.4

| Nov mean C = 22.7

| Dec mean C = 18.7

|year mean C = 24.6

| Jan low C = 11.0

| Feb low C = 12.8

| Mar low C = 16.4

| Jul low C = 25.8

| Nov low C = 17.3

| Dec low C = 12.5

| year low C = 19.8

| Jul record low C = 21.6

| Aug record low C = 22.3

| Jan rain mm = 12.0

| Feb rain mm = 22.3

| Mar rain mm = 58.4

| Apr rain mm = 187.8

| May rain mm = 243.1

| Jun rain mm = 295.0

| Jul rain mm = 326.2

| Aug rain mm = 265.7

| Sep rain mm = 197.8

| Oct rain mm = 121.3

| Nov rain mm = 16.0

| Dec rain mm = 6.2

|year rain mm = 1751.8

| Jan rain days = 1.2

| Feb rain days = 2.3

| Mar rain days = 4.7

| Apr rain days = 10.3

| May rain days = 13.3

| Jun rain days = 14.7

| Jul rain days = 16.1

| Aug rain days = 12.9

| Oct rain days = 5.0

| Nov rain days = 1.0

| Dec rain days = 0.6

|year rain days = 91.9

| Jan humidity = 70

| Feb humidity = 56

| Mar humidity = 50

| May humidity = 70

| Jun humidity = 77

| Aug humidity = 80

| Sep humidity = 81

|year humidity = 72

|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf

| title = Station: Gauhati (A) (Bhorjar) Climatological Table 1981–2010

| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010

| publisher = India Meteorological Department

| date = January 2015

| pages = 283–284

| access-date = 6 February 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>

| access-date = 6 February 2020}}</ref>

[[File:CIty Center Mall Guwahati.jpg|thumb|Citty Center Mall, GS Road, Guwahati]]

[[Guwahati Municipal Corporation]] is the local body responsible for governing, developing and managing the city. It is divided into 31 municipal wards.<ref>{{cite web|title=New Guwahati Municipal Corporation|website=[[The Times of India]]|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/New-Guwahati-Municipal-Corporation-structure-gets-govt-approval/articleshow/19519161.cms|access-date=15 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140831160412/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/New-Guwahati-Municipal-Corporation-structure-gets-govt-approval/articleshow/19519161.cms|archive-date=31 August 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority|Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA)]] is an agency responsible for planning and development of the greater Guwahati Metropolitan Area and for revising the Guwahati Master Plan and Building Bylaws to cover an area of {{convert|3214|km2}} by 2025.<ref>{{cite web |title=GMDA Master Plan |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/GMDA-to-revise-master-plan-for-expanding-city-area/articleshow/22566530.cms |work=The Times of India|access-date=15 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102040054/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/GMDA-to-revise-master-plan-for-expanding-city-area/articleshow/22566530.cms |archive-date=2 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The city is under the Police Commissionerate of Guwahati headed by the Commissioner of Police, Guwahati. It is divided into three districts: East Police District, Central Police District, and West Police District, each headed by a Deputy Commissioner of Police. Each police district consists of officers, not below the rank of Assistant Commissioner of Police, functioning as executive magistrates within a said metropolitan area.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Guwahati-joins-big-cities-gets-police-commissioner/articleshow/45717894.cms| title=Guwahati gets police commissioner| work=The Times of India| access-date=16 September 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606132707/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/Guwahati-joins-big-cities-gets-police-commissioner/articleshow/45717894.cms| archive-date=6 June 2015| url-status=live}}</ref>

Guwahati has seen a rapid rise in population in the past few years. People from other parts of the state and the region routinely migrate to the city chiefly for education and occupation resulting in undesirable expansion of population in the city, which further brings with it many collateral problems in the city.<ref name="Problems of Guwahati">{{cite web|url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=dec2610/city07|title=Problems of Guwahati|publisher=assamtribune.com|date=6 March 2015|access-date=2 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203041245/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=dec2610%2Fcity07|archive-date=3 February 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> It is expected that the population of the city will rise to 1.5 million by 2035 which is estimated at 1.1 million in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://populationstat.com/india/gauhati|title = Gauhati, India Population (2021) - Population Stat}}</ref>

|caption = Religion in Guwahati (2011)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/over-30-seats-out-of-115-have-large-number-of-muslim-voters-in-3rd-phase/articleshow/68996797.cms|title = Over 30 seats out of 115 have large number of Muslim voters in 3rd phase|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref>

|color1 = Orange

|color3 = Blue

|color4 = Red

|color5 = Yellow

|color6 = Pink

|value7=0.4|color7=Grey|label7=Others}}

Population of Guwahati in 2021 is estimated to be 11 lakhs (approx).<ref>https://www.findeasy.in/population-of-guwahati/</ref><ref name="macrotrends.net">{{Cite web|url=https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/21261/gauhati/population|title = Gauhati, India Metro Area Population 1950-2021}}</ref> It is estimated that Guwahati metro will house 2.8&nbsp;million residents by 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gmda.co.in/maps/part2.pdf|title=Masterplan for Guwahati|publisher=GMDA|access-date=15 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630012955/http://gmda.co.in/maps/part2.pdf|archive-date=30 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=July 2016}}

The percentage of the child population of Guwahati is 9.40%. The average literacy rate is stated to be 91.47% with male literacy at 94.24% and female literacy at 88.50%. The sex ratio has been recorded to be 933 females per 1000 males and child sex ratio to be 940 girls per 1000 boys.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html|title= Guwahati city population census 2011|publisher= census 2011|access-date= 24 October 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150923201746/http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/191-guwahati.html|archive-date= 23 September 2015|url-status= live}}</ref>

|value1 = 57.34

|value2 = 18.

|label5 = [[Bhojpuri]]

|value5 = 4.72

|color5 = purple|value7=|label6=Other|color6=Grey|value6=3.81}}

According to the 2011 census, there were around 957,352 people living in Guwahati city, of which around 558,532 population spoke [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 198,544 speaks [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 138,056 speaks [[Hindi]], 16,331 speaks [[Bodo language|Bodo]] , [[Bhojpuri language|bhojpuri]] speaks (4.72%) 3.81% speaks other minority languages like [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and others.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Guwahati |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=16 August 2020}}</ref>

Guwahati is the major educational hub of Northeast India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/education|title=Education|publisher=assam.gov.in|access-date=28 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729003231/http://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/education|archive-date=29 July 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Among the esteemed institutions is the [[Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati]] (IIT), an autonomous institute dedicated in the field of technical studies in India. [[Cotton University]], erstwhile [[Cotton College, Guwahati|Cotton College]] is yet another century-old institution in the fields of Science and Arts.

Guwahati has numerous educational institutes and colleges such as [[Gauhati University]], [[Cotton University]], [[Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences]], [[Assam Science and Technology University]], [[Gauhati Commerce College]], [[K.C. Das Commerce College]], [[Handique Girls College]], [[Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati]], [[Indian Institute of Information Technology, Guwahati]], [[B. Borooah College]], [[Dispur College]], [[Regional Dental College, Guwahati]], [[NEF Law College|N.E.F Law College]], [[National Law University and Judicial Academy]], [[Gauhati Medical College and Hospital]], [[Government Ayurvedic College, Guwahati]], [[Assam Engineering College]], [[Assam Institute of Management]], [[Assam Don Bosco University]], [[Assam Down Town University]], [[Royal Global University]], [[Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education]] NE Regional Centre, [[Tata Institute of Social Sciences]], Guwahati Campus and [[Krishna Kanta Handiqui State Open University]], [[National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati]], [[Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology]], and [[ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig]].

There are various private schools too like [[Delhi Public School Society|Delhi Public School]], [[Sanskriti The Gurukul|Sanskriti the Gurukul]], [[Holy Child School Guwahati|Holy Child School]], Don Bosco School, [[St. Mary's English High School, Guwahati|St. Mary's English High School]] and [[Faculty Higher Secondary School, Amingaon|Faculty Higher Secondary School]].

Tea manufacturing and processing is another important activity of Guwahati. Assam is one of the highest tea-producing areas in the world, contributing 80% of India's export and 55% of the country's total tea production. So high is the production of tea in Assam that it is the biggest industry of the state. The headquarters of the [[Indian Tea Association|Assam Branch Indian Tea Association (ABITA)]] is located at Guwahati. The [[Guwahati Tea Auction Centre]] (GTAC), located adjacent to the capital complex at Dispur, is the world's largest CTC tea auction center and the second largest in terms of total tea auctioned. The inaugural sale took place on 25 September 1970 and the first lot of tea was auctioned at the price of Rs. 42.50 which, during those days, was a big achievement. In the month of August 2019, a kilogram of Maijan Orthodox Golden tea sold for a record-setting price of Rs 70,501 at the [[Guwahati Tea Auction Centre]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/assams-maijan-tea-fetches-rs-70000-for-a-kilo-breaks-record/articleshow/70479878.cms|title=Assam's Maijan tea fetches Rs 70,000 for a kilo, breaks record |date=1 August 2019|first=Prabin |last=Kalita|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref>

Guwahati is served by the [[Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport]], in [[Borjhar]], about {{convert|20|km}} west from the heart of the city. With all major domestic and international airlines flying into Guwahati, it is the [[List of busiest airports in India|eleventh busiest airport in India]] in total passenger traffic. Daily and weekly flights are available to Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Jaipur, Kochi, Bangkok, Paro, Kathmandu,

[[File:Guwahati Railway Station at Night.jpg|thumb|{{center|Guwahati Railway Station}}]]

The city of Guwahati and the northeastern region falls under the [[Northeast Frontier Railway]] (NFR) Zone of the Indian Railways, the headquarters of which is in Maligaon, near Nilachal Hills, in the northwest of the city. The [[Guwahati railway station]], located in [[Paltan Bazaar]] area of Guwahati, is the major railway station of the city. It lies along the [[Barauni-Guwahati Line]] and [[Guwahati–Lumding section]], categorised as an A-1 railway station under [[Lumding railway division]].

Public transportation is well developed in the city. Buses are the major means of public transport in Guwahati. The state-owned Assam State Urban Transport Corporation, a subsidiary of [[Assam State Transport Corporation]] (ASTC) and private operators provide the city bus services within the city. ASTC also operates the [[Volvo]] [[air-conditioned]] bus services within the city as well as to the LGBI airport. In addition to this, there are a number of private bus operators that regularly run day and night bus services from Guwahati to neighbouring towns and cities within [[Assam]] and the other Northeastern States. Rupnath Brahma Inter-State Bus Terminus (ISBT), located at Betkuchi area on NH-37, is the most significant terminal cum transit point for buses plying between Guwahati and other destinations in Assam and Northeast India. The areas of Adabari and Paltan Bazaar also act as nodal points in providing bus services to towns and cities in Assam and adjoining states.<ref name="Public Transport in Guwahati"/><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.assamtimes.org/node/13327| title=Guwahati to have AC city buses| work=Assam Times| date=17 October 2015| access-date=17 October 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208152012/http://www.assamtimes.org/node/13327| archive-date=8 December 2015| url-status=live}}</ref>

Guwahati has also seen a rise in the usage of cycling as a mode of transport and as per some unofficial estimates, there was almost a 50% increase in the number of people who took up cycling in the wake of COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Aug 20|first1=TNN /|last2=2020|last3=Ist|first3=15:32|title=Online drive in city for cycling to stay fit and break chain of virus {{!}} Guwahati News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/online-drive-in-city-for-cycling-to-stay-fit-and-break-chain-of-virus/articleshow/77652991.cms|access-date=2020-10-06|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> The city has an active cycling community and is amongst the few Indian cities that has a Bicycle Mayor and a Junior Bicycle Mayor.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Das|first=Amlan Jyoti|title=Guwahati among 95 cities to register for 'India Cycles 4 Change Challenge'|url=https://www.eastmojo.com/assam/2020/08/25/guwahati-among-95-cities-to-register-for-india-cycles-4-change-challenge|access-date=2020-10-06|website=EastMojo|date=25 August 2020|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Rongmon Statue at Sorusajai Stadium.jpg|right|thumb|upright|''One-Horned Rhino'' Statue at Indira Gandhi Stadium]]

[[File:Barsapara Cricket Stadium match under floodlights.jpg|thumb|left|Barsapara Cricket Stadium]]

[[File:Sarusajai2.jpg|thumb|left|Sarusajai Stadium |alt=]]

Guwahati features the multi-purpose [[Nehru Stadium, Guwahati|Nehru Stadium]] which hosts mainly cricket and football; while the Kanaklata Indoor Stadium in the R.G. Baruah Sports Complex (in the Ulubari locality) is one of the oldest sports complex in the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/sports |title=Sports |publisher=assam.gov.in |access-date=28 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729012249/http://online.assam.gov.in/web/guest/sports |archive-date=29 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[North-East Frontier Railway Stadium]] of [[Maligaon]], the Sports Authority of India (SAI) complex of Paltan Bazaar and the [[Judges Field]] are other prominent sporting venues of the city.

The sporting infrastructures specially constructed for the [[2007 National Games of India|33rd National Games]] in 2007 include a large stadium at Sarusajai—the [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]], the Dr. Zakir Hussain Aquatic Complex, and the Karmabir Nabin Chandra Bordoloi A.C. Indoor Hall. Other new sports structures include the [[Maulana Md. Tayabullah Hockey Stadium]] at [[Bhetapara]], the Deshbhakta Tarun Ram Phookan Indoor Stadium at Ulubari, Rajiv Gandhi Indoor Stadium at [[Amingaon]], Chachal Tennis Complex and Tepesia Sports Complex.<ref name="33rd National Games Guwahati 2007- India’s Biggest Extravaganza">{{cite web |url=http://www.batchmates.com/bmtimes/content.aspx?contentId=983 |title=33rd National Games Guwahati 2007- India's Biggest Extravaganza |publisher=batchmates.com |access-date=2 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923153114/http://www.batchmates.com/bmtimes/content.aspx?contentId=983 |archive-date=23 September 2016}}</ref> The renovated sports complexes include Ganesh Mandir Indoor Stadium at Khanapara, Rudra Singha Sports Complex at Dispur and Gauhati University Sports Stadium. The [[Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium]] was also the main venue of the [[2016 South Asian Games]], which was held from 5 to 16 February 2016. The stadium also hosted the Himalayan Region Games in 2017 and the [[FIFA U-17 World Cup]] in India in 2017. It will also host the [[FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]] in India in 2020 including the opening match.

Guwahati is home to the professional [[Association football|football]] club [[NorthEast United FC]] of [[Indian Super League]].<ref name="Indian Super League-Northeast United FC">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiansuperleague.com/northeast-united-fc |title=Indian Super League-Northeast United FC |publisher=indiansuperleague.com |access-date=15 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912232452/http://www.indiansuperleague.com/northeast-united-fc |archive-date=12 September 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> They play their home matches at the Indira Gandhi Athletic Stadium. It presents one of the finest football atmospheres in India.

[[ACA Stadium]], also known as Bhupen Hazarika Stadium, a cricket stadium located at Barsapara is the home of [[Assam cricket team]].<ref name="Calcutta-based IPL team eyes ACA stadium at Barsapara as one of its home grounds">{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160421/jsp/frontpage/story_81374.jsp |title=KKR eyes ACA stadium at Barsapara as one of its home grounds |publisher=telegraphindia.com |access-date=15 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918180827/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1160421/jsp/frontpage/story_81374.jsp |archive-date=18 September 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> It has a seating capacity of 40,000. It is the largest cricket stadium in Northeast India and 2nd largest in East India. It hosted an [[Indian cricket team|India]] vs [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] T20 match in 2017 in its international debut. The first ODI in the stadium was held in 2018 between India and [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]].

|[[North East United FC|NorthEast United FC]]

|[[Guwahati F.C.]]

|[[Assam State Electricity Board SC|ASEB SC]]

| GSA Super Division League

| GSA Super Division League, [[Youth League U18]]

| GSA Super Division League, [[Assam State Premier League]]

Assamese daily newspapers published from the city are ''[[Dainik Agradoot]]'', ''[[Asomiya Pratidin]]'', ''[[Asomiya Khabar]]'', ''[[Amar Asom]]'', ''[[Dainik Janambhumi]]'', ''[[Janasadharan]]'', ''[[Niyomiya Barta]]'', ''[[Dainik Asam]]'', ''Dainandin Barta'' and ''[[Gana Adhikar]]''. English dailies are ''[[The Assam Tribune]]'', ''[[The Sentinel (Gauhati)|The Sentinel]]'',  ''[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]'', ''[[The Times of India]]'' and ''Eastern Chronicle''. Eclectic Northeast Magazine<ref name="eclecticnortheast.in">{{cite web|url=http://www.eclecticnortheast.in|title=Eclectic NorthEast |access-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407075622/https://eclecticnortheast.in/|archive-date=7 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> is a leading Guwahati-based monthly Northeast magazine with an online version. [[G Plus]] is the only English weekly tabloid published from Guwahati.<ref name="A">{{cite news|last1=Gupta|first1=Devesh|title=Weekly tabloid G Plus launched in Guwahati|url=http://www.afaqs.com/news/story/39578_Weekly-tabloid-G-Plus-launched-in-Guwahati|publisher=afaqs.com|date=3 January 2014|access-date=28 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228163213/http://www.afaqs.com/news/story/39578_Weekly-tabloid-G-Plus-launched-in-Guwahati|archive-date=28 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Guwahati Radio Station of state-owned [[All India Radio]] was inaugurated on 1 July 1948 as Shillong-Guwahati Station.<ref name="airguwahati.gov.in">{{cite web|url=http://airguwahati.gov.in/history-of-air-guwahati.asp|title=Brief History of All India Radio, Guwahati|access-date=28 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810142729/http://airguwahati.gov.in/history-of-air-guwahati.asp|archive-date=10 August 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The Headquarter of the Shillong-Guwahati Station was shifted from Shillong to Guwahati in 1953.<ref name="airguwahati.gov.in"/> It is a full-fledged Regional broadcasting station with 3 channels; the Guwahati A & B Channels are AM Channels and the CBS Channel is an FM Channel. The other FM stations include [[BIG FM 92.7|92.7 BIG FM]], Radio Gup-Shup 94.3 FM, [[Red FM 93.5]] and [[Radio Mirchi]]. Telecom services are [[BSNL]], [[Bharti Airtel|Airtel]], [[Vodafone Idea]] and [[Jio]].

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||Guwahati Balaji Temple, NH27

||Geeta Temple, Geeta Nagar

||Bhimeswar Dham Jyotirlinga Temple, Pamohi

||Somnath Temple, Tetelia

||Doul Govinda Temple, North Guwahati

||Maa Bagala Mukhi Temple, Kamakhya

||Shri Digambar Jain Temple, Fancy Bazaar

||Ganesh Temple, Ganeshguri

|File:Bhubaneswari Temple, Kamakhya.jpg|Bhubaneswari Temple, Kamakhya

||ISKCON, Ulubari

||Chakreshwar Temple, Maligaon

||Buddha Temple, Railway Colony, হয়গ্ৰীৱ মাধব মন্দিৰ, হাজো.jpg

||Navagraha Temple, Silpukhuri

||Ugratara Devalaya, Uzan Bazar

||Aswaklanta Temple, North Guwahati

||Nepali Temple, Paltan Bazaar

||Basistha Temple, Guwahati.jpg|Basistha Temple

* [[Battle of Saraighat]]

* [[Gauhati High Court]]

* [[List of educational institutions in Guwahati]]

* [[Personalities from Western Assam]]