Mahmud Hasan Deobandi: Difference between revisions

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{{Distinguish|Mahmudul Hasan|Mahmud Deobandi}}

{{Infobox officeholder

|name = Mahmud Hasan Deobandi

|module = {{Infobox religious biography|embed = yes|religion=Islam

|birth_date = 1851

|death_date = {{date of death and age|1920|11|30|1851|df=y}}

|death_place = [[Delhi]], British India

|ethnicity = [[Indian people|Indian]]

|alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]

|notable_ideas = [[Silk Letter Movement]]

|notable_works = {{bulleted list|''Tarjuma Shaykh al-Hind''|''Adilla-e-Kāmilah''|''Īzah al-adillah''}}

}}}}

Hasan was a staunch opponent of the [[British Raj]]. He launched movements to overthrow their power in India but was arrested in 1916 and imprisoned in [[Malta]]. He was released in 1920, and was honoured with the title of "Shaykh al-Hind" (The Leader of India) by the [[Khilafat movement|Khilafat committee]]. He wrote religious edicts in support of the [[Non-cooperation movement]] and travelled various parts of India, to enroll Muslims in the freedom movement. He presided the second general meeting of the [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]] in November 1920 and was appointed its president. The [[Shaikh-Ul-Hind Maulana Mahmood Hasan Medical College]] is named in his memory. In 2013, the Government of India released a [[Commemorative stamp|commemorative postal stamp]] on his Silk Letter Movement.

===Jamia Millia Islamia===

{{See also|Jamia Millia Islamia}}

Hasan was not able to write anything, and asked his student [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]] to prepare his presidential speech. He then made corrections and improvements to the prepared speech, and sent it to print. On 29 October 1920, this speech was read aloud by Usmani in the foundational ceremony of the university,{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=291}} after which Hasan laid the foundation stone of the Jamia Millia Islamia.{{Sfn|Nizami|2011|p=29}} Hasan said in the speech that "the knowledgeable people amongst you are well aware that my elders and predecessors never issued an edict of disbelief over learning of a foreign language or acquiring the academic sciences of other nations. Yes, it was said that the final last effect of the English-education is that its seekers either colour themselves in that of the Christianity or they mock their own religion and co-religionists through their atheistic insolence, or they worship the current government; then it is better to remain ignorant instead of seeking such education."{{Sfn|Nizami|2011|p=33}} He concurred with [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s who stated that, "the higher education of these colleges is pure and clean as the milk, but mixed with a little bit of poison" and considered the Muslim National University, as an alembic which would separate this poison from academia.{{Sfn|Nizami|2011|p=33}}

===Tas'hīh Abu Dawūd===

Later there was a push to copyedit the ''[[Sunan Abu Dawud]]'', one among the six major books of the [[Sihah Sittah|hadith]]. However, the editions that were published and the original written manuscripts majorly differed from each other.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=369}} Hasan thus collected all the available manuscripts, copyedited the text and had several editions of it published in book form. These were published in 1900 from the Mujtabai Press in Delhi.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=370}}

On 30 October 1920, a day after the foundation of the Jamia Millia Islamia in Aligarh, Hasan travelled to [[Delhi]] at the request of [[Mukhtar Ahmad Ansari]]. Several days later his health deteriorated and he received treatment from Ansari at his home in [[Daryaganj]].{{Sfn|Saad Shuja'abadi|2015|p=24-25}}{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|p=309}} He died on 30 November 1920 in [[Delhi]].{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|pp=310–311}} As the news of his death was announced, Hindus and Muslims closed their shops and gathered outside Ansari's house to pay tributes to Hasan.{{Sfn|Saad Shuja'abadi|2015|p=26}} Ansari then asked Hasan's brother Hakeem Muhammad Hasan if he preferred Mahmud Hasan to be buried in Delhi with arrangements to be made at the [[Mehdiyan|Mehdiyan cemetery]], or if preferred to bury him at [[Deoband]] with arrangements made for moving the body.{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|pp=310–311}} It was decided to bury him at Deoband because of his wish that he be buried near the grave of his teacher [[Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi]].{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|pp=310–312}} His funeral prayers were offered multiple times. The people of Delhi offered the prayers outside Ansari's house, and then the body was moved to Deoband. As they reached the Delhi railway station, a plethora of people gathered and offered funeral prayers. Subsequently, prayers were offered at the [[Meerut City railway station]] and [[Meerut Cantt railway station]].{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|pp=310–312}} His fifth and last funeral prayer was led by his brother Hakeem Muhammad Hasan and he was buried in the [[Qasmi cemetery]].{{Sfn|Adrawi|2012|pp=310–312}}

==References==