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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}} | {{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}} | ||
{{Short description|Maratha princely state of India}} | |||
{{Infobox former subdivision | {{Infobox former subdivision | ||
|conventional_long_name = Kolhapur State | |conventional_long_name = Kolhapur State | ||
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==History == | ==History == | ||
{{More citations needed section|date=March 2010}} | {{More citations needed section|date=March 2010}} | ||
The [[Maharaja]]s of Kolhapur have a common ancestry with the Bhonsle dynasty of [[Satara State|Satara]], being direct descendants of the [[Maratha]] King [[Shivaji]]. The states of Satara and Kolhapur came into being in 1707, because of the succession dispute over the Maratha kingship. [[Shahuji]], the heir apparent to the Maratha kingdom, captured by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] at the age of nine, remained their prisoner at the death of his father [[Sambhaji]], the elder son of Shivaji the founder of the [[Maratha Empire]], in 1689. The Dowager Maharani [[Tarabai]] (wife of [[Rajaram I]]) proclaimed her son [[Shivaji II]], as Chhatrapati under her regency. The Mughals released Shahu under certain conditions in 1707, and he returned to claim his inheritance. He defeated the regent at the Battle of Khed and established himself at Satara, forcing her to retire with her son to Kolhapur. By 1710 two separate principalities had become an established fact. Shivaji II and Tarabai were soon deposed by the other wife of Rajaram, Rajasbai. She installed her own son, [[Sambhaji II]] as the new ruler of Kolhapur. Sambhaji II signed the Treaty of Warana in 1731 with his cousin [[Shahu I|Shahuji]] to formalize the two separate seats of Bhonsle family. The British sent expeditions against Kolhapur in 1765 and 1792;<ref name=EB1911/> Kolhapur entered into treaty relations with the British, after the collapse of the Maratha confederacy in 1812. In the early years of the 19th century the British invaded again, and appointed a political officer to temporarily manage the state.<ref name=EB1911/><ref>Manohar Malgonkar, ''Chhatrapatis of Kolhapur'', Pub. Popular Prakashan, 1971.</ref> | The [[Maharaja]]s of Kolhapur have a common ancestry with the Bhonsle dynasty of [[Satara State|Satara]], being direct descendants of the [[Maratha]] King [[Shivaji]]. The states of Satara and Kolhapur came into being in 1707, because of the succession dispute over the Maratha kingship. [[Shahuji]], the heir apparent to the Maratha kingdom, captured by the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] at the age of nine, remained their prisoner at the death of his father [[Sambhaji]], the elder son of Shivaji the founder of the [[Maratha Empire]], in 1689. The Dowager Maharani [[Tarabai]] (wife of [[Rajaram I]]) proclaimed her son [[Shivaji II]], as Chhatrapati under her regency. The Mughals released Shahu under certain conditions in 1707, and he returned to claim his inheritance. He defeated the regent at the Battle of Khed and established himself at Satara, forcing her to retire with her son to Kolhapur. By 1710 two separate principalities had become an established fact. Shivaji II and Tarabai were soon deposed by the other wife of Rajaram, Rajasbai. She installed her own son, [[Sambhaji II]] as the new ruler of Kolhapur. Sambhaji II signed the Treaty of Warana in 1731 with his cousin [[Shahu I|Shahuji]] to formalize the two separate seats of Bhonsle family. The British sent expeditions against Kolhapur in 1765 and 1792;<ref name=EB1911/> Kolhapur entered into treaty relations with the British, after the collapse of the Maratha confederacy in 1812. In the early years of the 19th century the [[British Empire|British]] invaded again, and appointed a political officer to temporarily manage the state.<ref name=EB1911/><ref>Manohar Malgonkar, ''Chhatrapatis of Kolhapur'', Pub. Popular Prakashan, 1971.</ref> | ||
A [[regent]] called Daji Krishna Pandit [[Court of Wards (India)|was installed]] by the British to govern the state in 1843 at a time when the natural heir to the throne was underage. He took direction from a political agent of the [[East India Company]] and among their actions were reforms to the tax of land. These reforms caused much resentment and, despite Kolhapur having refrained from involvement in the previous [[Anglo-Maratha Wars]], a revolt against the British began in 1844. The rebellion began with soldiers locking themselves into hill-forts such as those as [[Panhala Fort|Panhala]] and [[Vishalgad Jagir|Vishalgad]], and then spread to Kolhapur itself. Both the regent and the political agent were captured by the militia forces led by Babaji Ahirekar.<ref>{{cite book |title=Britain's Empire: Resistance, Repression and Revolt |first=Richard |last=Gott |publisher=Verso Books |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84467-738-2 |page=343 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sNoz_F_wQPkC&pg=PA343}}</ref> | A [[regent]] called Daji Krishna Pandit [[Court of Wards (India)|was installed]] by the British to govern the state in 1843 at a time when the natural heir to the throne was underage. He took direction from a political agent of the [[East India Company]] and among their actions were reforms to the tax of land. These reforms caused much resentment and, despite Kolhapur having refrained from involvement in the previous [[Anglo-Maratha Wars]], a revolt against the British began in 1844. The rebellion began with soldiers locking themselves into hill-forts such as those as [[Panhala Fort|Panhala]] and [[Vishalgad Jagir|Vishalgad]], and then spread to Kolhapur itself. Both the regent and the political agent were captured by the militia forces led by Babaji Ahirekar.<ref>{{cite book |title=Britain's Empire: Resistance, Repression and Revolt |first=Richard |last=Gott |publisher=Verso Books |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84467-738-2 |page=343 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sNoz_F_wQPkC&pg=PA343}}</ref> | ||
The last ruler of Kolhapur was Maharaja Shahaji II. After Indian independence in 1947, Kolhapur acceded to the [[Dominion of India]] on 14 August 1947 and merged into [[Bombay State]] on 1 March 1949. In 1960 Bombay state was divided by languages into the states of [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]]. {{citation needed|date=June 2020}} The boundaries of former Kolhapur state correspond very closely with those of modern-day Kolhapur district in [[Maharashtra]] state. | The last ruler of Kolhapur was Maharaja Shahaji II. After Indian [[independence]] in 1947, Kolhapur acceded to the [[Dominion of India]] on 14 August 1947 and merged into [[Bombay State]] on 1 March 1949. In 1960 Bombay state was divided by languages into the states of [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]]. {{citation needed|date=June 2020}} The boundaries of former Kolhapur state correspond very closely with those of modern-day Kolhapur district in [[Maharashtra]] state. | ||
== Rulers of Kolhapur == | == Rulers of Kolhapur == | ||
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== Feudatory Jagirs == | == Feudatory Jagirs == | ||
There were Eleven Feudatory Jagirdars of Kolhapur. They all paid Nazar on succession equal to a year's net income of their Jagirs and also an annual contribution towards the maintenance of military force. They are:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sudarisanam A N|url= | There were Eleven Feudatory Jagirdars of Kolhapur. They all paid Nazar on succession equal to a year's net income of their Jagirs and also an annual contribution towards the maintenance of military force. They are:<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sudarisanam A N|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.85432|title=Indian States Register And Directory 1929|date=1929}}</ref> | ||
* Vishalgad | * Vishalgad | ||