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{{Short description|Indian national administrative subdivisions}}
{{Short description|Indian national administrative subdivisions}}
{{further|Administrative divisions of India}}
{{Further|Administrative divisions of India}}
{{Redirect2|State of India|Indian state|the Portuguese State of India (1509-1961, known as ''Estado da Índia'' in Portuguese)|Portuguese India|the U.S. state|Indiana|the historical territory in the United States of America|Indian Territory}}
{{Redirect2|State of India|Indian state|the Portuguese State of India (1505–1961, ''Estado da Índia'' in Portuguese)|Portuguese India|the U.S. state|Indiana|the historical territory in the United States of America|Indian Territory}}
 
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
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|map                = {{India States and Territories Labelled Map}}
|map                = {{India States and Territories Labelled Map}}
|category          = [[Federated state]]s
|category          = [[Federated state]]s
|territory          = [[Republic of India]]
|territory          = [[India|Republic of India]]
|start_date        =
|start_date        =  
|current_number    = 28 States<br />8 Union territories <!-- as of January 2020 (see "Post 1956 section"), 28/8 is correct; do not change -->
|current_number    = 28 States<br />8 Union territories <!-- as of January 2020 (see "Post 1956 section"), 28/8 is correct; do not change -->
|number_date        =
|number_date        =  
|population_range  = '''States''': [[Sikkim]] - 610,577 (lowest); [[Uttar Pradesh]] - 199,812,341(highest)<br />
|population_range  = '''States''': [[Sikkim]] - 610,577 (lowest); [[Uttar Pradesh]] - 199,812,341(highest)<br />
'''Union Territories''': [[Lakshadweep]] - 64,473 (lowest); [[Delhi]] - 16,787,941 (highest)
'''Union Territories''': [[Lakshadweep]] - 64,473 (lowest); [[Delhi]] - 16,787,941 (highest)
|area_range        = '''States''': [[Goa]] - {{Convert|3702|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}; [[Rajasthan]] - {{Convert|342269|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} <br />
|area_range        = '''States''': [[Goa]] - {{Convert|3702|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}; [[Rajasthan]] - {{Convert|342269|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} <br />
'''Union territories''': [[Lakshadweep]] - {{Convert|32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}; [[Ladakh]] - {{Convert|59146|km2|sqmi||abbr=on}}
'''Union territories''': [[Lakshadweep]] - {{Convert|32|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}; [[Ladakh]] - {{Convert|59146|km2|sqmi||abbr=on}}
|government        = [[State governments of India|State governments]], [[Government of India|Union government]] (Union territories)
|government        = [[State governments of India|State governments]]<br />[[Government of India|Union governments]] (union territories)
|subdivision        = [[Administrative divisions of India#Divisions|Divisions]], [[List of districts in India|Districts]]
|subdivision        = [[List of divisions in India|Divisions]]<br />[[List of districts in India|Districts]]
}}
}}
{{Politics of India}}  
 
[[India]] is a [[Federalism|federal]] union comprising 28 [[federated state|states]] and 8 [[union territory|union territories]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://knowindia.gov.in/states-uts/|title=States and Union Territories|last=DelhiAugust 5|publisher=[[Know India Programme]]|language=en|access-date=21 April 2020}}</ref> for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into [[List of districts in India|districts]] and smaller [[administrative divisions of India|administrative divisions]].
{{Politics of India}}
 
[[India]] is a [[federalism|federal]] union comprising 28 [[federated state|states]] and 8 [[union territory|union territories]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://knowindia.gov.in/states-uts/|title=States and Union Territories|last=DelhiAugust 5|publisher=[[Know India Programme]]|language=en|access-date=21 April 2020}}</ref> for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into [[List of districts in India|districts]] and smaller [[administrative divisions of India|administrative divisions]].


{{India divisions by|Wildlife=Indian States by wildlife}}
{{India divisions by|Wildlife=Indian States by wildlife}}


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:India Administrative Divisions 1951.svg|thumb|left|349x349px|Administrative divisions of India in 1951]]
[[File:India Administrative Divisions 1951.svg|thumb|349x349px|Administrative divisions of India in 1951]]


=== Pre-independence ===
=== Pre-independence ===
{{main|Presidencies and provinces of British India|Agencies of British India|Residencies of British India|Princely state}}
{{main|Presidencies and provinces of British India|Agencies of British India|Residencies of British India|Princely state}}
The [[Indian subcontinent]] has been ruled by many different [[South Asian ethnic groups|ethnic groups]] throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region.<ref name="Krishna Reddy 2003 A107">{{cite book | author= Krishna Reddy | title = Indian History | year = 2003 | publisher = Tata McGraw Hill | location = New Delhi | isbn = 978-0-07-048369-9}}</ref><ref name="Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1977)">{{cite book | title=Ancient India | publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers | author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar | year=1977 | isbn=978-81-208-0436-4}}</ref><ref name="Romila Thapar">{{cite book | title=A History of India: Part 1 | year=1966 | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofindia01thap | url-access=registration | author=Romila Thapar}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=History of medieval India|year=2007|publisher=S Chand|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8121903646|pages=121, 122|author=V.D. Mahajan|edition=10th}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A History of India Volume 1|year=1979|publisher=Progress Publishers|location=Moscow, USSR|first1=K.A.|last1=Antonova|author-link1=Koka Antonova|first2=G.|last2=Bongard-Levin|first3= G.|last3=Kotovsky}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Gupta Dynasty – MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwqOxl5F?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |archive-date= 1 November 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://historymedren.about.com/library/text/bltxtindia7.htm |title=India – Historical Setting – The Classical Age – Gupta and Harsha |publisher=Historymedren.about.com |date=2 November 2009 |access-date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Nilakanta Sastri|first= K.A.|title=A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|orig-year=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|page=239|isbn= 978-0-19-560686-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|title=Medieval India: From Sultanate to the Mughals| page=202}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285248/India/46984/Political-and-economic-decentralization-during-the-Mughal-decline#toc46986 |title=Regional states, c. 1700–1850 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}</ref><ref name="Grewal">{{cite book|last=Grewal|first=J. S.|title=The Sikh empire (1799–1849) |publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1990|series=The New Cambridge History of India|volume=The Sikhs of the Punjab|chapter=Chapter 6: The Sikh empire (1799–1849)|chapter-url=http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521268844_CHOL9780521268844A008}}</ref>{{overcite|date=July 2018}} The [[British Raj]] mostly retained the administrative structure of the preceding [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]]. India was divided into provinces (also called Presidencies), directly governed by the British, and [[princely state]]s, which were nominally controlled by a local prince or raja loyal to the British Empire, which held ''[[de facto]]'' sovereignty ([[suzerainty]]) over the princely states.
The [[Indian subcontinent]] has been ruled by many different [[South Asian ethnic groups|ethnic groups]] throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region.<ref name="Krishna Reddy 2003 A107">{{cite book | author= Krishna Reddy | title = Indian History | year = 2003 | publisher = Tata McGraw Hill | location = New Delhi | isbn = 978-0-07-048369-9}}</ref><ref name="Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1977)">{{cite book | title=Ancient India | publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers | author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar | year=1977 | isbn=978-81-208-0436-4}}</ref><ref name="Romila Thapar">{{cite book | title=A History of India: Part 1 | year=1966 | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofindia01thap | url-access=registration | author=Romila Thapar| publisher=[Harmondsworth] Penguin Books }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=History of medieval India|year=2007|publisher=S Chand|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8121903646|pages=121, 122|author=V.D. Mahajan|edition=10th}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A History of India Volume 1|year=1979|publisher=Progress Publishers|location=Moscow, USSR|first1=K.A.|last1=Antonova|author-link1=Koka Antonova|first2=G.|last2=Bongard-Levin|first3= G.|last3=Kotovsky}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Gupta Dynasty – MSN Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwqOxl5F?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761571624/gupta_dynasty.html |archive-date= 1 November 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://historymedren.about.com/library/text/bltxtindia7.htm |title=India – Historical Setting – The Classical Age – Gupta and Harsha |publisher=Historymedren.about.com |date=2 November 2009 |access-date=16 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Nilakanta Sastri|first= K.A.|title=A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|orig-year=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|page=239|isbn= 978-0-19-560686-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|title=Medieval India: From Sultanate to the Mughals| page=202}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285248/India/46984/Political-and-economic-decentralization-during-the-Mughal-decline#toc46986 |title=Regional states, c. 1700–1850 |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}}</ref><ref name="Grewal">{{cite book|last=Grewal|first=J. S.|title=The Sikh empire (1799–1849) |publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1990|series=The New Cambridge History of India|volume=The Sikhs of the Punjab|chapter=Chapter 6: The Sikh empire (1799–1849)|chapter-url=http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521268844_CHOL9780521268844A008}}</ref>{{overcite|date=July 2018}} The [[British Raj]] mostly retained the administrative structure of the preceding [[Mughal Empire|Mughal Empire]]. India was divided into provinces (also called Presidencies), directly governed by the British, and [[princely state]]s, which were nominally controlled by a local prince or raja loyal to the British Empire, which held ''[[de facto]]'' sovereignty ([[suzerainty]]) over the princely states.


=== 1947–1950 ===
=== 1947–1950 ===
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** [[Rajasthan]] (formerly [[Rajputana Agency]]),
** [[Rajasthan]] (formerly [[Rajputana Agency]]),
** [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra]] (formerly [[Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency]]), and  
** [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra]] (formerly [[Baroda, Western India and Gujarat States Agency]]), and  
** [[Travancore-Cochin]] (formerly [[Travancore|Travancore Princely State]] and [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin Princely State]]).
** [[Travancore–Cochin]] (formerly [[Travancore|Travancore Princely State]] and [[Kingdom of Cochin|Cochin Princely State]]).
* The ten Part C states included both the former chief commissioners' provinces and some princely states, and each was governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the President of India. The Part C states were:  
* The ten Part C states included both the former chief commissioners' provinces and some princely states, and each was governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the President of India. The Part C states were:  
** [[Ajmer State|Ajmer]] (formerly [[Ajmer-Merwara|Ajmer-Merwara Province]]),  
** [[Ajmer State|Ajmer]] (formerly [[Ajmer-Merwara|Ajmer-Merwara Province]]),  
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The [[French India|French enclave]] of [[Chandannagar|Chandernagore]] was transferred to [[West Bengal]] in 1954. In the same year [[Pondicherry]], comprising the former French enclaves of [[Pondicherry district|Pondichéry]], [[Karaikal district|Karikal]], [[Yanam district|Yanaon]] and [[Mahé district|Mahé]], was transferred to India; this became a union territory in 1962.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/1955_7/42/reorganisation_of_statesthe_approach_and_arrangements.pdf|title=Reorganisation of states |publisher=Economic Weekly|access-date=31 December 2015}}</ref>
The [[French India|French enclave]] of [[Chandannagar|Chandernagore]] was transferred to [[West Bengal]] in 1954. In the same year [[Pondicherry]], comprising the former French enclaves of [[Pondicherry district|Pondichéry]], [[Karaikal district|Karikal]], [[Yanam district|Yanaon]] and [[Mahé district|Mahé]], was transferred to India; this became a union territory in 1962.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/1955_7/42/reorganisation_of_statesthe_approach_and_arrangements.pdf|title=Reorganisation of states |publisher=Economic Weekly|access-date=31 December 2015}}</ref>


Also in 1954, pro-India forces liberated the [[Portuguese India|Portuguese-held enclaves]] of [[Dadra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu|Dadrá]] and [[Nagar Haveli|Nagar Aveli]], declaring the short-lived ''[[de facto]]'' state of [[Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli]]. In 1961, India annexed it as the Union Territory of [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/dadra-and-nagar-haveli-celebrated-its-60th-liberation-day-1375437166-1 |title=Dadra and Nagar Haveli Celebrated Its 60th Liberation Day |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |date=2 August 2013 |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/dadra-and-nagar-haveli-when-an-ias-officer-became-the-instrument-of-accession/articleshow/70611496.cms?from=mdr |title=Dadra and Nagar Haveli: When an IAS officer became the instrument of accession - The Economic Times |publisher=Economictimes.indiatimes.com |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/135865/ias-badlani-prime-minister-dadra-nagar-haveli-history-india/ |title=When an IAS Officer Was The Prime Minister of Dadra & Nagar Haveli |publisher=Thebetterindia.com |date=28 March 2018 |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/documents/amendment/amend10.htm |title=The Constitution (Amendment) |publisher=Archive.india.gov.in |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref>
Also in 1954, pro-India forces liberated the [[Portuguese India|Portuguese-held enclaves]] of [[Dadra, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu|Dadrá]] and [[Nagar Haveli|Nagar Aveli]], declaring the short-lived ''[[de facto]]'' state of [[Free Dadra and Nagar Haveli]]. In 1961, India annexed it as the Union Territory of [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/dadra-and-nagar-haveli-celebrated-its-60th-liberation-day-1375437166-1 |title=Dadra and Nagar Haveli Celebrated Its 60th Liberation Day |publisher=Jagranjosh.com |date=2 August 2013 |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/dadra-and-nagar-haveli-when-an-ias-officer-became-the-instrument-of-accession/articleshow/70611496.cms?from=mdr |title=Dadra and Nagar Haveli: When an IAS officer became the instrument of accession - The Economic Times |newspaper=The Economic Times |publisher=Economictimes.indiatimes.com |access-date=2 March 2020|last1=Dasgupta |first1=Reshmi R. }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/135865/ias-badlani-prime-minister-dadra-nagar-haveli-history-india/ |title=When an IAS Officer Was The Prime Minister of Dadra & Nagar Haveli |publisher=Thebetterindia.com |date=28 March 2018 |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/documents/amendment/amend10.htm |title=The Constitution (Amendment) |publisher=Archive.india.gov.in |access-date=2 March 2020}}</ref>


The [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]] reorganised the states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states.<ref>{{cite book|title=Constitution of India|chapter=Article 1|chapter-url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|publisher=Law Ministry, GOI|access-date=31 December 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402064301/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|archive-date=2 April 2012}}</ref>
The [[States Reorganisation Act, 1956]] reorganised the states based on linguistic lines resulting in the creation of the new states.<ref>{{cite book|title=Constitution of India|chapter=Article 1|chapter-url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|publisher=Law Ministry, GOI|access-date=31 December 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402064301/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-indexenglish.htm|archive-date=2 April 2012}}</ref>


As a result of this act:
As a result of this act:
* [[Madras State]] retained its name, with [[Kanyakumari district]] added to form [[Travancore-Cochin]].  
* [[Madras State]] retained its name, with [[Kanyakumari district]] added to form [[Travancore–Cochin]].  
* [[Andhra Pradesh]] was created with the merger of [[Andhra State]] with the [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking districts of [[Hyderabad State]] in 1956.  
* [[Andhra Pradesh]] was created with the merger of [[Andhra State]] with the [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking districts of [[Hyderabad State]] in 1956.  
* [[Kerala]] was created by merging [[Malabar district]] and the [[Kasaragod taluk]] of [[South Canara]] districts of [[Madras State]] with [[Travancore-Cochin]]. * [[Mysore State]] was re-organized with the addition of the districts of [[Bellary district|Bellary]] and [[South Canara]] (excluding [[Kasaragod taluk]]) and the [[Kollegal|Kollegal taluk]] of [[Coimbatore district]] from the Madras State, the districts of [[Belgaum district|Belgaum]], [[Bijapur district, Karnataka|Bijapur]], [[North Canara]] and [[Dharwad district|Dharwad]] from [[Bombay State]], the [[Kannada]]-majority districts of [[Bidar district|Bidar]], [[Raichur district|Raichur]] and [[Gulbarga district|Gulbarga]] from [[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]] and the [[Coorg State]].  
* [[Kerala]] was created by merging [[Malabar district]] and the [[Kasaragod taluk]] of [[South Canara]] districts of [[Madras State]] with [[Travancore–Cochin]].  
* [[Mysore State]] was re-organized with the addition of the districts of [[Bellary district|Bellary]] and [[South Canara]] (excluding [[Kasaragod taluk]]) and the [[Kollegal|Kollegal taluk]] of [[Coimbatore district]] from the Madras State, the districts of [[Belgaum district|Belgaum]], [[Bijapur district, Karnataka|Bijapur]], [[North Canara]] and [[Dharwad district|Dharwad]] from [[Bombay State]], the [[Kannada]]-majority districts of [[Bidar district|Bidar]], [[Raichur district|Raichur]] and [[Kalaburagi district|Kalaburagi]] from [[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]] and the [[Coorg State]].  
* The [[Laccadive Islands]], [[Aminidivi|Aminidivi Islands]] and [[Minicoy|Minicoy Island]], which had been divided between the South Canara and Malabar districts of Madras State, were united and organised into the union territory of [[Lakshadweep]].
* The [[Laccadive Islands]], [[Aminidivi|Aminidivi Islands]] and [[Minicoy|Minicoy Island]], which had been divided between the South Canara and Malabar districts of Madras State, were united and organised into the union territory of [[Lakshadweep]].
* [[Bombay State]] was enlarged by the addition of [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra State]] and [[Kutch State]], the [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking districts of [[Nagpur Division]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] and the [[Marathwada]] region of [[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]].  
* [[Bombay State]] was enlarged by the addition of [[Saurashtra (state)|Saurashtra State]] and [[Kutch State]], the [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking districts of [[Nagpur division]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] and the [[Marathwada]] region of [[Hyderabad State (1948–56)|Hyderabad State]].  
* [[Rajasthan]] and [[Punjab]] gained territories from [[Ajmer State]] and [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]] respectively and certain territories of [[Bihar]] were transferred to [[West Bengal]].
* [[Rajasthan]] and [[Punjab]] gained territories from [[Ajmer State]] and [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]] respectively and certain territories of [[Bihar]] were transferred to [[West Bengal]].


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* [[Chhattisgarh]], from eastern [[Madhya Pradesh]],  
* [[Chhattisgarh]], from eastern [[Madhya Pradesh]],  
* Uttaranchal, from northwest [[Uttar Pradesh]] (renamed [[Uttarakhand]] in 2007), and
* Uttaranchal, from northwest [[Uttar Pradesh]] (renamed [[Uttarakhand]] in 2007), and
* [[Jharkhand]], from southern districts of Bihar with the enforcement of [[Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]], [[Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]] and [[Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000]] respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |title=Official Website of Government of Jharkhand |publisher=Jharkhand.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621084121/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |archive-date=21 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |title=Chhattisgarh state – History |publisher=Cg.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202817/http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |archive-date= 4 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-02/india/27880083_1_bjp-cries-uttaranchal-assembly-polls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510141050/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-02/india/27880083_1_bjp-cries-uttaranchal-assembly-polls |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 May 2013 |title=Uttaranchal is Uttarakhand, BJP cries foul |last=Chopra |first=Jasi Kiran|date=2 January 2007|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=22 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/115-about-us |title=About Us: Uttarakhand Government Portal, India |publisher=Uk.gov.in |date=9 November 2000 |access-date=17 June 2013}}</ref> Pondicherry was renamed [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] in 2007 and Orissa was renamed [[Odisha]] in 2011. [[Telangana]] was created on 2 June 2014 from ten former districts of north-western [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|publisher=Ministry of law and justice, Government of India|access-date=3 March 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108223043/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Telangana bill passed by upper house|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/telangana-bill-in-rajya-sabha/liveblog/30712218.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref>
* [[Jharkhand]], from southern districts of Bihar with the enforcement of [[Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]], [[Uttar Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000]] and [[Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000]] respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |title=Official Website of Government of Jharkhand |publisher=Jharkhand.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621084121/http://www.jharkhand.gov.in/AboutState_fr.html |archive-date=21 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |title=Chhattisgarh state – History |publisher=Cg.gov.in |access-date=17 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704202817/http://cg.gov.in/profile/corigin.htm |archive-date= 4 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-02/india/27880083_1_bjp-cries-uttaranchal-assembly-polls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510141050/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-01-02/india/27880083_1_bjp-cries-uttaranchal-assembly-polls |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 May 2013 |title=Uttaranchal is Uttarakhand, BJP cries foul |last=Chopra |first=Jasi Kiran|date=2 January 2007|work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=22 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.gov.in/pages/display/115-about-us |title=About Us: Uttarakhand Government Portal, India |publisher=Uk.gov.in |date=9 November 2000 |access-date=17 June 2013}}</ref>
 
Pondicherry was renamed [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] in 2007 and Orissa was renamed [[Odisha]] in 2011. [[Telangana]] was created on 2 June 2014 from ten former districts of north-western [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014|url=http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108223043/http://www.mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/APRegACT2014_0.pdf|archive-date=8 January 2016|access-date=3 March 2014|publisher=Ministry of law and justice, Government of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Telangana bill passed by upper house|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/telangana-bill-in-rajya-sabha/liveblog/30712218.cms|access-date=20 February 2014|work=The Times of India}}</ref>


In August 2019, the Parliament of India passed the [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]], which contains provisions to reorganise the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] into two union territories; [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and [[Ladakh]], effective from 31 October 2019.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/resources/article28823852.ece/Binary/FullTextofJ&KReorganisationBill.pdf | title=Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill (No. XXIX of) 2019 | publisher=Parliament of India | date=5 August 2019 | access-date=22 August 2019}}</ref> Later that year in November, the Government of India introduced legislation to merge the union territories of [[Daman and Diu]] and [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] into a single union territory to be known as [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu]], effective from 26 January 2020.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://theprint.in/india/there-will-be-one-ut-less-as-modi-govt-plans-to-merge-dadra-nagar-haveli-and-daman-diu/261056/ | title=There will be one UT less as Modi govt plans to merge Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | date=10 July 2019 | agency=The Print | access-date=22 August 2019 | author=Dutta, Amrita Nayak | location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/national/754685-govt-plans-to-merge-2-uts----daman-and-diu-dadra-and-nagar-haveli|title=Govt plans to merge 2 UTs -- Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli|website=Devdiscourse|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://164.100.47.4/BillsTexts/LSBillTexts/Asintroduced/366_2019_LS_Eng.pdf |title=The Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu (Merger Of Union Territories) Bill|website=Ministry of Home Affairs - Government of India|date= 2019|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref>
In August 2019, the Parliament of India passed the [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]], which contains provisions to reorganise the state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] into two union territories; [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and [[Ladakh]], effective from 31 October 2019.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/resources/article28823852.ece/Binary/FullTextofJ&KReorganisationBill.pdf | title=Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Bill (No. XXIX of) 2019 | publisher=Parliament of India | date=5 August 2019 | access-date=22 August 2019}}</ref> Later that year in November, the Government of India introduced legislation to merge the union territories of [[Daman and Diu]] and [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]] into a single union territory to be known as [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu]], effective from 26 January 2020.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://theprint.in/india/there-will-be-one-ut-less-as-modi-govt-plans-to-merge-dadra-nagar-haveli-and-daman-diu/261056/ | title=There will be one UT less as Modi govt plans to merge Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | date=10 July 2019 | agency=The Print | access-date=22 August 2019 | author=Dutta, Amrita Nayak | location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.devdiscourse.com/article/national/754685-govt-plans-to-merge-2-uts----daman-and-diu-dadra-and-nagar-haveli|title=Govt plans to merge 2 UTs -- Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli|website=Devdiscourse|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://164.100.47.4/BillsTexts/LSBillTexts/Asintroduced/366_2019_LS_Eng.pdf |title=The Dadra And Nagar Haveli And Daman And Diu (Merger Of Union Territories) Bill|website=Ministry of Home Affairs - Government of India|date= 2019|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref>
Line 107: Line 112:
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%;"
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center; font-size: 90%;"
|+
|+
! scope="col" width="10%" |State
! scope="col" width="5%" |State
! scope="col" width="10%" |[[ISO 3166-2:IN]]
! scope="col" width="3%" |[[ISO 3166-2:IN]]
! scope="col" width="10%" |[[Vehicle registration plates of India|Vehicle<br />code]]
! scope="col" width="5%" |[[Vehicle registration plates of India|Vehicle<br />code]]
! scope="col" width="1%" |[[Zonal Council|Zone]]
! scope="col" width="1%" |[[Zonal Council|Zone]]
! scope="col" width="1%" |Capital
! scope="col" width="1%" |Capital
! scope="col" width="1%" |Largest city
! scope="col" width="1%" |Largest city
! scope="col" width="6%" data-sort-type="date" |Statehood
! scope="col" width="5%" data-sort-type="date" |Statehood
! scope="col" width="1%" |Population<br />(census 2011){{citation needed|date=December 2020}}
! scope="col" width="1%" |Population<br />(census 2011){{citation needed|date=December 2020}}
! scope="col" width="1%" |[[List of states and union territories of India by area|Area]]<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)
! scope="col" width="1%" |[[List of states and union territories of India by area|Area]]<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)
! scope="col" width="8%" |Official<br />languages<ref name="langoff50">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=14 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref>
! scope="col" width="7%" |Official<br />languages<ref name="langoff50">{{cite web|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013) |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date=14 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708012438/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM50thReport.pdf |archive-date= 8 July 2016 }}</ref>
! scope="col" width="8%" |Additional official<br />languages<ref name="langoff50" />
! scope="col" width="8%" |Additional official<br />languages<ref name="langoff50" />
|-
|-
Line 123: Line 128:
| AP
| AP
| [[Southern Zonal Council|Southern]]
| [[Southern Zonal Council|Southern]]
| [[Visakhapatnam]] <small>(Administrative)</small><ref name="3capitals" /><br />[[Amaravati]] <small>(Legislative)</small><ref name="3capitals" /><br />[[Kurnool]] <small>(Judicial)</small><ref name="3capitals">{{Cite web|date=1 August 2020|title=Andhra Governor gives nod to CM Jagan Mohan Reddy's three-capital plan|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/andhra-governor-gives-nod-to-cm-jagan-mohan-reddy-s-three-capital-plan-11596271636431.html|access-date=2 August 2020|website=Livemint|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Amaravati]]  
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
| [[Visakhapatnam]]
| 1 November 1956
| 1 November 1956
Line 169: Line 174:
| CG
| CG
| [[Central Zonal Council|Central]]
| [[Central Zonal Council|Central]]
| [[Raipur]]{{efn|[[Naya Raipur]] is planned to replace [[Raipur]] as the capital city of [[Chhattisgarh]].}} (Legislative & Administrative), [[Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh|Bilaspur]] (Judicial)
| colspan=2|[[Raipur]]{{efn|[[Naya Raipur]] is planned to replace [[Raipur]] as the capital city of [[Chhattisgarh]].}}
| [[Raipur]]
| 1 November 2000
| 1 November 2000
| align="right" |25,545,198
| align="right" |25,545,198
Line 217: Line 221:
| HP
| HP
| Northern
| Northern
| [[Shimla]] <small>(Summer)</small><br />[[Dharamshala]] <small>(Winter)</small><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mar 2|first=TIMESOFINDIA COM /|last2=2017|last3=Ist|first3=18:37|title=Dharamsala: Himachal Pradesh gets its second capital in Dharamsala {{!}} India News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/himachal-pradesh-gets-its-second-capital-in-dharamsala/articleshow/57432184.cms|access-date=2021-07-26|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
| [[Shimla]] <small>(Summer)</small><br />[[Dharamshala]] <small>(Winter)</small><ref>{{Cite web|date=Mar 2, 2017|title=Dharamsala: Himachal Pradesh gets its second capital in Dharamsala {{!}} India News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/himachal-pradesh-gets-its-second-capital-in-dharamsala/articleshow/57432184.cms|access-date=2021-07-26|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
| [[Shimla]]
| [[Shimla]]
| 25 January 1971
| 25 January 1971
Line 235: Line 239:
| align="right" |74,677
| align="right" |74,677
| [[Hindi]]
| [[Hindi]]
| [[Angika]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Ho language|Ho]], [[Kharia language|Kharia]], [[Khortha language|Khortha]], [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]], [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], [[Magahi language|Magahi]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Mundari language|Mundari]], [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[Urdu]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.uniindia.com/jharkhand-gives-2nd-language-status-to-magahi-angika-bhojpuri-and-maithali/states/news/1175423.html|title=Jharkhand gives 2nd language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithali |website=uniindia.com}}</ref>
| [[Angika]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Bhumij language|Bhumij]], [[Ho language|Ho]], [[Kharia language|Kharia]], [[Khortha language|Khortha]], [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]], [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], [[Magahi language|Magahi]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Mundari language|Mundari]], [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[Urdu]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.uniindia.com/jharkhand-gives-2nd-language-status-to-magahi-angika-bhojpuri-and-maithali/states/news/1175423.html|title=Jharkhand gives 2nd language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithali |website=uniindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-05 |title=Jharkhand notifies Bhumij as second state language |url=https://avenuemail.in/jharkhand-notifies-bhumij-as-second-state-language/ |access-date=2022-04-20 |website=The Avenue Mail |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" |[[Karnataka]]
! scope="row" |[[Karnataka]]
Line 241: Line 245:
| KA
| KA
| Southern
| Southern
| colspan="2" |[[Bangalore|Bengaluru]]
| colspan="2" |[[Bangalore]]
| 1 November 1956
| 1 November 1956
| align="right" |61,095,297
| align="right" |61,095,297
Line 280: Line 284:
| align="right" |112,374,333
| align="right" |112,374,333
| align="right" |307,713
| align="right" |307,713
| [[Marathi Language|Marathi]]
| [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| —
| —
|-
|-
Line 384: Line 388:
| [[English language|English]]
| [[English language|English]]
|-
|-
<!-- NOTE: All figures and facts for the newly formed Telangana state should be supported by verifiable and reliable sources per BP:VERIFY and BP:RELIABLE. Failure to do so, the unsourced information being removed to ensure neutrality. Also necessary changes may be made accordingly to Andhra Pradesh also conforming to guidelines-->
! scope="row" |[[Telangana]]<!-- NOTE: All figures and facts for the newly formed Telangana state should be supported by verifiable and reliable sources per WP:VERIFY and WP:RELIABLE. Failure to do so, the unsourced information being removed to ensure neutrality. Also necessary changes may be made accordingly to Andhra Pradesh also conforming to guidelines-->
! scope="row" |[[Telangana]]
| IN-TG<!-- The ISO 3166-2:IN code is "IN-TG" even though the vehicle registration code is "TS". See https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IN -->
| IN-TG<!-- The ISO 3166-2:IN code is "IN-TG" even though the vehicle registration code is "TS". See https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:IN -->
| TS
| TS
Line 411: Line 414:
| UP
| UP
| Central
| Central
| [[Lucknow]]
| colspan="2" | [[Lucknow]]
| [[Kanpur]]
| 26 January 1950
| 26 January 1950
| align="right" |199,812,341
| align="right" |199,812,341
Line 423: Line 425:
| UK
| UK
| Central
| Central
| [[Gairsain]] <small>(Summer)</small><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-08|title=Gairsain is Uttarakhand's summer capital|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/gairsain-declared-as-uttarakhands-summer-capital-6448581/|access-date=2021-07-26|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><br />[[Dehradun]] <small>(Winter)</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/gairsain-named-uttarakhands-new-summer-capital/articleshow/74485869.cms/|title=Gairsain Named Uttarakhand's New Summer Capital|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=5 March 2020}}</ref>
| [[Bhararisain]] <small>(Summer)</small><br/>[[Dehradun]] <small>(winter)</small><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhararisain declared as summer capital of Uttarakhand|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/bhararisain-declared-as-summer-capital-of-uttarakhand/603160|access-date=2021-11-24|website=www.timesnownews.com|language=en}}</ref>
| [[Dehradun]]
| [[Dehradun]]
| 9 November 2000
| 9 November 2000
Line 441: Line 443:
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]]{{efn|name=fn3}}
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]]{{efn|name=fn3}}
| [[Hindi]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[Urdu]]
| [[Hindi]], [[Odia language|Odia]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[Urdu]]
|-
|}
|}


Line 552: Line 553:
|-
|-
|[[File:Travancore-Cochin in India (1951).svg|200px]]
|[[File:Travancore-Cochin in India (1951).svg|200px]]
|[[Travancore-Cochin]]
|[[Travancore–Cochin]]
|[[Trivandrum]]
|[[Trivandrum]]
|1949–1956
|1949–1956
Line 572: Line 573:


== See also ==
== See also ==
*[[Proposed states and union territories of India]]
* [[Administrative divisions of India]]
* [[Administrative divisions of India]]
* [[Autonomous administrative divisions of India]]
* [[Autonomous administrative divisions of India]]
* [[List of adjectives and demonyms for states and territories of India]]
* [[List of Indian state and union territory name etymologies]]
* [[List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)]]
* [[List of states and union territories of India by area]]
* [[List of states and union territories of India by area]]
* [[List of states and union territories of India by population]]
* [[List of states and union territories of India by population]]
* [[List of states in India by past population]]
* [[List of states in India by past population]]
* [[List of Indian states by wildlife population|List of states of India by wildlife population]]
* [[List of Indian states by wildlife population|List of states of India by wildlife population]]
* [[List of adjectives and demonyms for states and territories of India]]
* [[Proposed states and union territories of India]]
* [[List of Indian state and union territory name etymologies]]
* [[List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)]]


== Notes ==
== Notes ==
Line 591: Line 592:


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [https://www.india.gov.in/india-glance/states-india Official Government of India website: States and Union Territories]
* [https://www.india.gov.in/india-glance/states-india Official Government of India website: States and Union Territories]


{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}
{{Geography of India}}
{{States and Union Territories of India}}
{{States and Union Territories of India}}
{{Geography of India}}
 
{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Line 606: Line 608:
[[Category:Administrative divisions in Asia|India 1]]
[[Category:Administrative divisions in Asia|India 1]]
[[Category:First-level administrative divisions by country|States, India]]
[[Category:First-level administrative divisions by country|States, India]]
[[Category:India-related lists]]
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