Pungi

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This article is about the musical instrument. For the software, see Pungi (software).
India-6784 - No Money - No Picture .... A Real Charmer - Flickr - archer10 (Dennis).jpg
A man playing the pungi

The pungi (Hindi: पुंगी, Urdu: پُنگی‎),[1] also known as the been (Hindi: बीन, Urdu: بین‎), or the murli, is a wind instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent. The instrument consists of a reservoir into which air is blown and then channelled into two reed pipes. It is played with no pauses, as the player employs circular breathing. In street performances, the pungi is used for snake charming.[2][3]

History[edit]

The pungi[4][5][6] is an Indian folk music instrument[1] that is mostly played by cobra charmers[7] in Sindh, Pakistan, and Rajasthan, India.[8] The instrument is made from a dry hollowed gourd with two bamboo attachments.[9] It is also a double-reed instrument.[10] The pungi is played by Jogi in the Thar desert.[11]

It was theorized that it was made not just for snake charming, but to make people enter a half-conscious state as part of a religious practice.[12] It is in particular played by snake charmers, mostly in the Terai and Nepal, to arouse snakes to dance.[13]

The instrument has a high, thin tone and continuous low humming.[12]

It has been an important instrument in Indian folk culture and is known by various names in different parts of India. In northern India, it is known as the been, tumbi, and bansi; in the south, it is known as the magudi, mahudi, pungi, and pambaattikuzhal. [14]

Construction[edit]

Pungi

The pungi is constructed from a solid coconut cover, to which pieces of bamboo are joined, and has two components: a hollow vessel constructed from a gourd, and two pipes, each with a free-beating single reed (jivala) similar to the reeds of a mijwiz, with eight to nine finger holes.[15]

The player blows air through the top tube-like portion of the instrument. One pipe makes drone-like sounds. and the other produces the melody. The pipe that produces the melody has seven holes and a range of one octave. The drone pipe only has one hole. Traditionally, both sounds are played simultaneously using circular breathing to create a hypnotic effect.

The pungi is usually played solo, as it is difficult to play it with other instruments.[16]

Ban on snake charming[edit]

The instrument was often used to entertain the public with snake charming. However, this practice was eventually banned throughout the country in 1991, under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

See also[edit]

  • Hulusi, a similar Chinese instrument.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Avtar, Ram (1983). Musical instruments of India: history and development. Pankaj Publications.
  2. ↑ "Here's A Really Important Thing You Need To Know About Snake Charming". Hand Luggage Only. 26 January 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  3. ↑ "FYI: Can Snakes Really Be Charmed By Music?". Popular Science. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  4. ↑ "A Seductive Musical Affair – The UrbanWire". The UrbanWire. 1 June 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  5. ↑ Manzar, Osama (2 March 2016). "Social media can save folk and oral wisdom". Mint. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  6. ↑ "Fading sounds of tribal rhythms - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  7. ↑ "Our dying cultural heritage - The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  8. ↑ "Fusion of styles, cultures & continents at this year's International Folk Festival - The Sunday Guardian Live". The Sunday Guardian Live. 22 October 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  9. ↑ Balocu, Nabī Bak̲h̲shu K̲h̲ānu (2012). Musical Instruments of the Lower Indus Valley of Sindh. Culture Department, Government of Sindh.
  10. ↑ Booth, Gregory D.; Shope, Bradley (2014). More Than Bollywood: Studies in Indian Popular Music. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199928835.
  11. ↑ "Transcendental tradition: Under the spell of Sindhi snake charmers - The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 14 October 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Asian Sub-continent: India, Pakistan". www.rootsworld.com. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  13. ↑ "Nepali Musical Instruments - We All Nepali". www.weallnepali.com. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  14. ↑ Post, Like This. "Pungi or Been". Schoolchalao.com. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  15. ↑ "Instruments of Pakistan | American Institute of Pakistan Studies". pakistanstudies-aips.org. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  16. ↑ "Details - India Instruments". India-instruments.com. Retrieved 22 April 2021.

External links[edit]

Template:Single reeds

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