Nalinaksha Sanyal

Nalinaksha Sanyal
Member of Legislative Assembly
In office 1967–1971
Constituency	Karimpur
Personal details
Born	November 1898
Died	29 October 1987
Political party	Indian National Congress / Bangla Congress

Nalinaksha Sanyal (1898 – 29 October 1987) was an Indian politician, economist and freedom fighter.

Education

He studied at Krishnath College, Baharampur, and Presidency College, Kolkata, and taught economics at Krishnath College. He earned a master's degree from the London School of Economics and secured a PhD in economics from London University after carrying out research under Harold Laski.

Political career

While in London, Sanyal served on several committees for the London branch of the Indian National Congress, a banned organization. He was arrested twice for his participation. Sanyal returned to India to become a professor at Calcutta University, but the government disallowed his appointment because of his activism. Sanyal took a position with insurance companies New India Assurance Co., the Metropolitan Assurance Co., and the Hindustan Co-operative Society Ltd.

Sanyal continued to actively protest against British colonial rule and was imprisoned seven times. He was elected to the Bengal Assembly and served as Chief Whip of the Indian National Congress of undivided Bengal, prior to the partition of the province. He was a vocal critic of the colonial government's policies during the Bengal Famine in 1943. In 1946, Sanyal was at the forefront of efforts to avoid the Partition of India. His suggestion of a loose federation was widely circulated and debated but was ultimately not adopted. When India was partitioned in 1947, he and Atulya Ghosh were able to convince the British to leave Maldah district in India (the area had a population that was evenly divided between Hindus and Muslims).

After the independence, Sanyal remained an active force in building the new India and held many senior positions in government as well as represented India in international bodies. In 1968 he established Karimpur Pannadevi College at Karimpur, Nadia district.

Social activities

Sanyal was a modern personality and free thinker in his time. He married in 1924 with daughter of Sharat Chandra Bhattacharya of Baharampur without any rituals. He was strongly against dowry, castism, religious formalities. Even being a Brahmin he invited his Muslim friend Kazi Nazrul Islam to his marriage ceremony ignoring the social policing and restrictions. He established Dhoradaha RajaniKanta High School in 1961 at Dhoradaha in his father's name. After that in 1968 he established Karimpur Pannadevi College at Karimpur.

Writings

Sanyal's book Development of Indian Railways is still considered a classic on railway transport and a primary source on the history of the Indian Railways. It was based on his Ph.D. thesis accepted by the University of London and was published by the University of Calcutta, 1930. The book is widely quoted in Land of the Seven Rivers: A Brief History of India's Geography by economist and writer Sanjeev Sanyal who is Nalinaksha Sanyal's great grandson.

References

• Biography: Nalinaksha Sanyal, Haripura Congress Souvenir, 1938
• Development of Indian Railways, Calcutta University Press 1930
• Krishnath College, Behrampore