India at the Olympics

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia
India at the
Olympics
Flag of India.svg
IOC codeIND
NOCIndian Olympic Association
Websiteolympic.ind.in
Medals
Ranked 56th
Gold
10
Silver
9
Bronze
16
Total
35
Summer appearances
Winter appearances
Other related appearances
 Independent Olympic Participants

India first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, with a lone athlete Norman Pritchard winning two medals – both silver – in athletics and became the first Asian nation to win an Olympic medal.[1][2] The nation first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920 and has participated in every Summer Games since then. India has also competed at several Winter Olympic Games beginning in 1964. Indian athletes have won 35 medals, all at the Summer Games. For a period of time, the Indian Men's Field Hockey Team was dominant in Olympic competition, winning eleven medals in twelve Olympics between 1928 and 1980. The run included eight gold medals of which six were won consecutively from 1928 to 1956.[3]

History[edit]

During British Imperial rule[edit]

India team that won the gold medal at 1928 Summer Olympics

Despite being under British rule until 1947, India participated in the Olympic Games separately from the British Olympic Team. India sent its first athlete to the Summer Olympics for the 1900 Games, but an Indian national team did not compete at the Summer Olympics until 1920. Ahead of the 1920 Games, Sir Dorabji Tata and Governor of Bombay George Lloyd helped India secure representation at the International Olympic Committee, enabling it to participate in the Games (see India at the 1920 Olympic Games).[4] India then sent a team to the 1920 Olympics, comprising three athletes, two wrestlers, and managers Sohrab Bhoot and A. H. A. Fyzee.[5] The Indian Olympic movement was then established during the 1920s: some founders of this movement were Dorabji Tata, A.G. Noehren (Madras College of Physical Education), H.C. Buck (Madras College of Physical Education), Moinul Haq (Bihar sports associations), S. Bhoot (Bombay Olympic Association), A.S. Bhagwat (Deccan Gymkhana), and Guru Dutt Sondhi (Punjab Olympic Association); Lt. Col H.L.O. Garrett (from the Government College Lahore and Punjab Olympic Association) and Sagnik Poddar (of St. Stephen's School) helped organise some early national games; and prominent patrons included Maharajas and royal princes such as Bhupinder Singh of Patiala, Ranjitsinhji of Nawanagar, the Maharaja of Kapurthala, and the Maharaja of Burdwan.[6]

In 1923, a provisional All India Olympic Committee was formed, and in February 1924, the All India Olympic Games (that later became the National Games of India) were held to select a team for the 1924 Summer Olympics. The Indian delegation at the Paris Olympics comprised seven athletes, seven tennis players and team manager Harry Buck.[7]

Indian hockey team at 1936 Berlin Olympics

In 1927, the provisional Indian Olympic Committee formally became the Indian Olympic Association (IOA); its main tasks were to promote the development of sports in India, choose host cities for the national games, and send teams selected from the national games to the Summer Olympics. Thus, at the 1928 national games, it selected seven athletes to represent India at the next Summer Olympics, with Sondhi as manager.[8] By this time, the Indian Hockey Federation (IHF) had also been established and it sent a hockey team to the Summer Olympics. The national hockey team was similarly sent to the 1932 Games along with four athletes and one swimmer and 1936 Games with four athletes, three wrestlers, one weight-lifter, along with three officials headed by team manager Sondhi. The Indian field hockey team dominated the Olympics from 1928 to 1936 winning an unprecedented three consecutive titles. In the 1928 Summer Olympics final India defeated Netherlands 3–0. It was the first gold medal won by any nation from Asia at the modern Olympic Games.[9][10] In 1932 Summer Olympics India defeated United States 24–1, the largest margin of victory in Olympics history.[11] In 1936 Summer Olympics final they defeated Germany 8–1, the largest margin of victory ever in an Olympic final.[12]

Post-independence[edit]

India scoring their third goal against Britain in the final at the 1948 Olympics

From 1948 onwards, because of the IOA's wider outreach, India began sending delegations of over 50 athletes in several sports, each selected by its sports federation, to the Summer Olympics. The delegation was headed by a chef-de-mission. The Indian field hockey team won a gold medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics by defeating Great Britain in the final. It was the first gold medal for India as an independent nation.[13]

1952 Helsinki Gold Medal winning team with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru

At the 1952 Summer Olympics wrestler K. D. Jadhav won the first individual medal for independent India.[14] The Indian field hockey team continued their dominance by winning a sixth straight title by defeating Pakistan in the final of 1956 Summer Olympics. The six straight title wins by the Indian team was an Olympic record at that time in a team event. This record has since been surpassed only by the United States men's and women's basketball teams.[15][16]

At the 1960 Rome Olympics the hockey team lost the final and had to settle for a silver medal.[17] The team bounced back by winning gold at the 1964 Summer Olympics.[18] But went on to win only bronze medals in the next two Olympics.[19][20] India sent a delegation to compete at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. This was India's debut at the Winter Olympic Games.[21][22][23] The sole athlete representing India was Jeremy Bujakowski, who competed in the men's downhill event in alpine skiing.[24][25] In 1976 Summer Olympics India went home empty handed, the first time since 1924.[26]

Indian hockey team won their record eighth Olympic gold at the 1980 Summer Olympics.[27][28] India had to return empty handed in the next three Summer Olympics. At the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta, tennis player Leander Paes won a bronze medal at the men's singles event ending a barren run of 16 years without a medal at the Olympics and also became the first individual medalist since 1952.[29]

Recent history[edit]

Sushil Kumar (left) became the first Indian athlete to win multiple individual Olympic medals since independence

At the 2000 Sydney Olympics, Karnam Malleswari won a bronze medal in the Women's 69 kg weightlifting category. It was the first-ever Olympic medal won by an Indian woman.[30]

At the 2004 Athens Olympics, star shooter Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore won the silver medal in Men's double trap shooting.[31]

At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Abhinav Bindra came on top in the Men's 10 metre air rifle event and became the first Indian to win an individual gold medal.[32] Vijender Singh got the country's first medal in boxing with his bronze medal in Middleweight category. The 3 medal haul for India was the best till that year. Subsequently, the record was bettered to make it the third best performance in history.[33]

The 2012 Summer Olympics saw a record 83-member Indian contingent participating in the games and setting a new best for the country with a total of six medals.[31] Wrestler Sushil Kumar became the first Indian with multiple individual Olympic medals (bronze at the 2008 Summer Olympics and silver at the 2012 Summer Olympics) since independence. Saina Nehwal won a bronze medal in badminton in Women's singles, winning the country's first Olympic medal in badminton. Pugilist Mary Kom became the first Indian woman to win a medal in boxing with her bronze medal in Women's flyweight division. Star shooter Gagan Narang won the bronze in men's 10 m air rifle shooting.[34] Vijay Kumar added another medal by winning a silver in men's 25 m rapid fire pistol competition.[35] This was India's best performance till it was overtaken in 2020.

Olympics bronze medalist Mary Kom with young sportsperson

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, a record number of 118 athletes competed. Sakshi Malik became the first Indian female wrestler to win an Olympic medal with her bronze medal in the Women's freestyle 58 kg category.[36] Shuttler P. V. Sindhu won a silver medal in Women's singles badminton, becoming the first Indian woman to win an Olympic silver medal and also the youngest Indian Olympic medalist.[37]

At the 2020 Summer Olympics (held in 2021), India was represented by a new record number of 124 athletes. Saikhom Mirabai Chanu secured a silver in the weightlifting women's category of 49 kg on the opening day, the first time India won a medal on the opening day of any Olympics.[38] A few days later, P. V. Sindhu defeated China's He Bingjiao in the Women's singles badminton bronze-medal match in straight games, thus becoming the first Indian woman to win two individual Olympic medals.[39][40] Neeraj Chopra won the gold in Javelin Throw, becoming the first Indian to win a gold medal in track and field and the second Indian to win an individual Olympic gold.[41] In Men's Field Hockey, India won a bronze medal. This medal came after a gap of 41 years, having last won a gold medal in Moscow 1980.[42][43] In the wrestling competitions, Ravi Kumar Dahiya won a silver medal and Bajrang Punia won a bronze medal.[44][45] Olympic debutant Lovlina Borgohain took bronze in women's boxing. She became only the second woman to win an Olympic medal in boxing.[46] The haul of 7 medals is the best performance for India in the Olympics history.[47][48][49]

Olympic Milestones[edit]

2008 Olympic champion Abhinav Bindra with then Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Somnath Chatterjee.
Milestone Athlete/Team Game(s) Sport Medal(s)
First medalist,
First individual medalist[50]		 Norman Pritchard Template:GamesName [[Athletics Template:Str mid/core|Athletics]] Silver Silver
First Individual medalist after independence[51] K. D. Jadhav Template:GamesName [[Wrestling Template:Str mid/core|Wrestling]] Bronze Bronze
First gold medalist[52] Men's Field Hockey Team Template:GamesName [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] Gold Gold
First gold medalist after independence[53] Men's Field Hockey Team Template:GamesName [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] Gold Gold
First individual gold medalist[54] Abhinav Bindra Template:GamesName [[Shooting Template:Str mid/core|Shooting]] Gold Gold
First individual Multi-medalist[55][56] Norman Pritchard Template:GamesName [[Athletics Template:Str mid/core|Athletics]] Silver Silver
Silver Silver
First Individual multi-medalist after independence[57] Sushil Kumar Template:GamesName
Template:GamesName		 [[Wrestling Template:Str mid/core|Wrestling]] Bronze Bronze
Silver Silver
First female medalist[58] Karnam Malleswari Template:GamesName [[Weightlifting Template:Str mid/core|Weightlifting]] Bronze Bronze
First female multi-medalist[59] P. V. Sindhu Template:GamesName
Template:GamesName		 [[Badminton Template:Str mid/core|Badminton]] Silver Silver
Bronze Bronze

Indian contingent at Olympics[edit]

Following lists provide a comparative compendium of the number of participants from India in the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

Medal tables[edit]

See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table

Medals by Sports[edit]

List of medalists[edit]

Medal Name/Team Games Sport Event Date
Silver medal.svg Silver Norman Pritchard Template:GamesName AthleticsAthletics Men's 200 metres 22 July 1900
Silver medal.svg Silver Norman Pritchard Template:GamesName AthleticsAthletics Men's 200 metre hurdles 16 July 1900
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 26 May 1928
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 11 August 1932
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 15 August 1936
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 12 August 1948
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 24 July 1952
Bronze medal.svg Bronze K. D. Jadhav Template:GamesName WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle Bantamweight 23 July 1952
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 6 December 1956
Silver medal.svg Silver Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 9 September 1960
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 23 October 1964
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 26 October 1968
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 10 September 1972
Gold medal.svg Gold Template:GamesName Field HockeyField hockey Men's competition 29 July 1980
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Leander Paes Template:GamesName TennisTennis Men's singles 3 August 1996
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Karnam Malleswari Template:GamesName WeightliftingWeightlifting Women's 69 kg 19 September 2000
Silver medal.svg Silver Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore Template:GamesName ShootingShooting Men's double trap 17 August 2004
Gold medal.svg Gold Abhinav Bindra Template:GamesName ShootingShooting Men's 10 m air rifle 11 August 2008
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Vijender Singh BoxingBoxing Middleweight 20 August 2008
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Sushil Kumar WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle 66 kg 21 August 2008
Silver medal.svg Silver Vijay Kumar Template:GamesName ShootingShooting Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol 3 August 2012
Silver medal.svg Silver Sushil Kumar WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle 66 kg 12 August 2012
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Saina Nehwal BadmintonBadminton Women's singles 4 August 2012
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Mary Kom Boxing Boxing Women's flyweight 8 August 2012
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Gagan Narang ShootingShooting Men's 10m air rifle 30 July 2012
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Yogeshwar Dutt WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle 60 kg 11 August 2012
Silver medal.svg Silver P. V. Sindhu Template:GamesName BadmintonBadminton Women's singles 19 August 2016
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Sakshi Malik WrestlingWrestling Women's freestyle 58 kg 17 August 2016
Gold medal.svg Gold Neeraj Chopra Template:GamesName AthleticsAthletics Men's javelin throw 7 August 2021[60]
Silver medal.svg Silver Saikhom Mirabai Chanu WeightliftingWeightlifting Women's 49 kg 24 July 2021
Silver medal.svg Silver Ravi Kumar Dahiya WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle 57 kg 5 August 2021
Bronze medal.svg Bronze P. V. Sindhu BadmintonBadminton Women's singles 1 August 2021
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Lovlina Borgohain BoxingBoxing Women's welterweight 4 August 2021
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Field HockeyField hockey Men's tournament 5 August 2021
Bronze medal.svg Bronze Bajrang Punia WrestlingWrestling Men's freestyle 65 kg 7 August 2021

Multiple medalists[edit]

Team sports[edit]

Athlete Sport Games Gold medal olympic.svg Gold Silver medal olympic.svg Silver Bronze medal olympic.svg Bronze Total
Leslie Claudius [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1960 3 1 0 4
Udham Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1952–1964 3 1 0 4
Richard James Allen [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1928–1936 3 0 0 3
Dhyan Chand [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1928–1936 3 0 0 3
Ranganathan Francis [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1956 3 0 0 3
Randhir Singh Gentle [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1956 3 0 0 3
Balbir Singh Sr. [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1956 3 0 0 3
Shankar Lakshman [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1956–1964 2 1 0 3
Haripal Kaushik [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1956–1964 2 1 0 3
John Peter [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1960–1968 1 1 1 3
Prithipal Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1960–1968 1 1 1 3
Harbinder Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1964–1972 1 0 2 3
Carlyle Tapsell [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1932–1936 2 0 0 2
Roop Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1932–1936 2 0 0 2
Jaswant Rai [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1952 2 0 0 2
Govind Perumal [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1952–1956 2 0 0 2
Amir Kumar [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1956 2 0 0 2
Jaswant Singh Rajput [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1952 2 0 0 2
Leslie Hammond [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1928–1932 2 0 0 2
Broome Pinniger [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1928–1932 2 0 0 2
Sayed Jaffar [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1932–1936 2 0 0 2
Keshav Dutt [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1952 2 0 0 2
Grahanandan Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1952 2 0 0 2
K. D. Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1948–1952 2 0 0 2
Raghbir Lal [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1952–1956 2 0 0 2
Joginder Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1960–1964 1 1 0 2
Charanjit Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1960–1964 1 1 0 2
Raghbir Singh Bhola [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1956–1960 1 1 0 2
Mohinder Lal [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1960–1964 1 1 0 2
Balkrishan Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1956–1960 1 1 0 2
Rajendran Christie [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1964–1968 1 0 1 2
Balbir Singh Kullar [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1964–1968 1 0 1 2
Jagjit Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1964–1968 1 0 1 2
Gurbux Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1964–1968 1 0 1 2
Krishnamurthy Perumal [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1968–1972 0 0 2 2
Ajitpal Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1968–1972 0 0 2 2
Harmik Singh [[Field hockey Template:Str mid/core|Field hockey]] 1968–1972 0 0 2 2

Individual Sports[edit]

Athlete Sport Games Gold medal olympic.svg Gold Silver medal olympic.svg Silver Bronze medal olympic.svg Bronze Total
Norman Pritchard [[Athletics Template:Str mid/core|Athletics]] 1900 0 2 0 2
Sushil Kumar [[Wrestling Template:Str mid/core|Wrestling]] 2008–2012 0 1 1 2
P. V. Sindhu [[Badminton Template:Str mid/core|Badminton]] 2016–2020 0 1 1 2

Indian men's field hockey team at the Summer Olympics[edit]

Indian field hockey team at the 1948 London Olympics

Olympic records[edit]

Medal table[edit]

Indian postal stamp, 1972
Indian postal stamp, 1992
Indian postal stamp, 2004
Games Ranking
Template:GamesName Did not enter
Template:GamesName Did not enter
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Silver Silver
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName Bronze Bronze
Template:GamesName Bronze Bronze
Template:GamesName 7th[62]
Template:GamesName Gold Gold
Template:GamesName 5th
Template:GamesName 6th
Template:GamesName 7th
Template:GamesName 8th
Template:GamesName 7th
Template:GamesName 7th
Template:GamesName Did not qualify
Template:GamesName 12th
Template:GamesName 8th
Template:GamesName Bronze Bronze

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "India at the 1900 Paris Summer Games". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  2. ↑ "India's first Olympics: A debut in Paris 1900 and beyond". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  3. ↑ "India hockey all medals at Olympics list". 5 August 2021. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  4. ↑ "Sir dorabji tata and the Olympics". Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  5. ↑ "India Olympics highs and lows;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  6. ↑ "India and Olympics;The Economictimes.com". August 2016. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  7. ↑ "History of Indian olympic association". Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  8. ↑ "History of National Games: India's homespun Olympics!". Archived from the original on 29 October 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  9. ↑ "Indian hockey won the first Olympic gold medal at hockey in 1928 Amsterdam". Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  10. ↑ "1928 Olympics: India's first step towards ascending hockey throne". The Hindu. 7 July 2012. Archived from the original on 27 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  11. ↑ "1932 Olympics games: India's dominance continues". The Hindu. 7 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  12. ↑ "1936 Olympics: Hat-trick for India under Dhyan Chand". The Hindu. 8 July 2012. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  13. ↑ Rohan Puri (26 July 2016). "Olympics: Down the memory lane 1940–1956". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  14. ↑ Shariff, Faisal."Khashba Jhadhav, the hero we owe an apology to ...," Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Rediff.com; retrieved 2012-7-20.
  15. ↑ "USA Men's National Teams". Archived from the original on 12 February 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  16. ↑ "USA Basketball Olympic Record". Archived from the original on 5 March 2023. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
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  18. ↑ "Gold winning hockey team of 1964 Tokyo Olympics felicitated". The Times of India. 26 November 2014. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  19. ↑ "1972 Olympics: India's golden glory fades". The Hindu. 16 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  20. ↑ "When Indian hockey first went 'bronze'". The Hindu. 16 September 2000. Archived from the original on 25 December 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  21. ↑ Thambehalli, Rajan. "Alone with the skis – The tale of Jerry Bujakowski and the Winter Olympics". Archived from the original on 21 December 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  22. ↑ "Indian Olympic Skiers Finally Get New Skis – India Real Time". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 17 January 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  23. ↑ Pal, Sanchari (10 January 2018). "The Forgotten Story of The First Indian at The Winter Olympics". Better India. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
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  25. ↑ "Jeremy Bujakowski Bio, Stats, and Results". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
  26. ↑ "Montreal Olympics: Indian contingent returns empty-handed". Archived from the original on 2023-03-05. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
  27. ↑ "1980 Olympics: India sinks Spain for gold". The Hindu. 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  28. ↑ "Last time India field hockey team won gold at Olympics in Moscow". Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  29. ↑ Rohit Brijnath (31 August 1996). "Olympics 1996: How Leander Paes won India's first individual Olympic medal in 44 years". India Today. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  30. ↑ "Sydney Olympics hero Karnam Malleswari lauds Sakshi Malik, urges her to start preparing for Tokyo Games". India Today. 18 August 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Rohan Puri (30 July 2016). "Olympics: Down the memory lane 2004–2012". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  32. ↑ "Abhinav Bindra gold medal at Beijing". Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  33. ↑ "India at the Beijing 2008 Olympics". Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  34. ↑ "Gagan Narang Stats;ISSF.com". Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  35. ↑ "The Olympic medalist India forgot". 30 January 2021. Archived from the original on 11 August 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  36. ↑ "Rohtak Zen in Rio zone, Sakshi Malik brings wrestling bronze from Olympics". The Indian Express. 19 August 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  37. ↑ Manoj Bhagavatula (19 August 2016). "Rio 2016 Live: Silver for India's golden girl, Sindhu puts up tough fight". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  38. ↑ "Saikom Mirabai Chanu;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  39. ↑ "PV sindhu becomes two time Olympic medalist: Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  40. ↑ "PV sindhu wins bronze at Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics: Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 1 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  41. ↑ "Tokyo Olympics 2020: Neeraj Chopra wins historic Gold in javelin throw, India's first athletics medal in 100 yrs". EconomicTimes. 7 August 2021. Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  42. ↑ "India beat Germany 5-4 in mens hockey win historic bronze medal". Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  43. ↑ "India vs Germany Bronze medal match;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  44. ↑ "Ravi Kumar Dahiya takes silver;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 4 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  45. ↑ "Bajrang Punia wins bronze in 65 kg ;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  46. ↑ "lovlina borgohain puts boromukhia on olympic map". 31 July 2021. Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  47. ↑ "India at the 2020 Summer Olympics;Olympics.com". Archived from the original on 8 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  48. ↑ "Indian medal winners;indianexpress.com". 10 August 2021. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  49. ↑ "India in tokyo olympics;Olympics.com". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  50. ↑ "The curious case of Norman Pritchard". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  51. ↑ "KD Jadhav: The scrawny lad who stood tall in the sport of giants". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  52. ↑ "1928 Amsterdam Olympics: The hockey champions of the world". Archived from the original on 23 September 2021. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  53. ↑ "For independent India, how hockey made a new beginning at 1948 London Olympics". Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  54. ↑ "On this day Abhinav bindra became first Indian to win individual Olympic gold". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 13 August 2021. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  55. ↑ "India's first Olympics: A debut in Paris 1900 and beyond". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  56. ↑ "Norman Pritchard Biography, Olympic Records and Age". Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  57. ↑ "Sushil Kumar Biography, Olympic Records and Age". Archived from the original on 13 November 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  58. ↑ "Karnam Malleswari's bronze at Sydney 2000 lifts Indian women up". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  59. ↑ "PV Sindhu becomes first Indian woman to win two Olympic medals - Full list of major honours". Archived from the original on 16 August 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
  60. ↑ "Tokyo 2020: Neeraj Chopra adds a golden chapter to Indian sports history". Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
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  62. ↑ "Indian hockey men at the Olympics: A gold-laden history". Archived from the original on 15 September 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2022.

External links[edit]

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