Draft:Tili Jati

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Tili Jati is a cluster of mainly three castes primarily found in the Indian states of West Bengal and Bihar. There are three different types of Tili caste, each with their own social status, rituals, and traditional occupations.[1][2][3][4]

Gachhuakalu Tili[edit source]

The Gachhuakalu Tili, also known as the Kolu Tili, derived their name from the Sanskrit word 'talika' or 'taila', used for the oil extracted from sesame and mustard, referring to their traditional occupation of oil-pressing and oil trading. The group is primarily found along West Bengal's border with Bangladesh. They were Telis initially but improved their social status and became Gacchuakalu Tili. They were initially 'Jalabyabahariya Shudra' but became 'Jalacharaniya Shudra' by the help of Brahmins.[5] Some Muslims also belong to Gachhuakalu Tili clan.[5]

Bhunja Tili[edit source]

The Bhunja Tili, also known as Chasa Tili,[6] were traditionally involved with agriculture and animal husbandry. They are mainly found in Bihar, Chattishgarh, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. The Bhunja Tili derived their name from the Bengali word 'Tilla' or 'Tila' ,which denotes soil, thus referring them as farmers and their connection with soil.. The Bhunja Tili speak angika in Bihar and Bengali in Bengal. They were originally cultivators and were associated with the Kurmis in Bihar. Their customs are similar to the Yadavas and Sadgopes.

They are of two types:-

  • Kashyap (Dadash Teli Tili)
  • Sandil (Ekadash Teli Tili)

By late nineteenth century they were one of the fourteen castes belonging to 'Nabasakh' group in Bengal.[6][1]

Tili (Ekadash and Dadash)[edit source]

The Tili, also called the Khas Rajput-Vanik, derived their name from the Sanskrit word 'Raj Tilak' (a ritual in which designated prince of that particular kingdom sworn as successor king with great pomp and show) and Tula (Balance). They were traditionally Rulers, Soldiers, Landlords, Banker, Export-Import Business, Factory Owner, Teachership, Writer.[3][2][7][8][9]

They belong to the legendary Suryavanshi -Raghuvanshi Kshatriya[10] clan by birth but they are elite-Vanik by profession. They are a General and Forward caste throughout India.[4][11][12][13] As per some other sources they got branched from Kayastha in early days and formed a new trading caste. As per some another source they belong to Pala-Gaur Rajput.[11] clan of Pala-Empire. Some other source suggest that this caste is a sub-caste of Baranwal community and belong to Bais Rajput clan (Suryavanshi-Raghuvanshi Rajput Clan).[14][15][16][17][18] Almost all the surnames and gotras of this caste take after that of Khatri Community (Mainly Arora-Khatri) so it can be said maybe in past they got branched from the Khatri -Community. So peoples often call them 'KHATRIS OF BENGAL' .[16]

They live in West Bengal (primarily Rarha Bengal[19]), Punjab, and in Foreign Countries like USA, UK, Australia, UAE, Dubai, New Zealand etc.

Primarily they all belonged to the Sorash Samaj .Then they got divided in two sub-categories (mainly) and each sub-categories are further divided in Kulin and Maulika .The two subcategories are.[11]

[1] Ekadash Tili :- (a) Kulin Ekadash Tili (Khas Ekadash Tili) & (b) Moulik Ekadash Tili

[2] Dadash Tili:- (a) Kulin Dadash Tili & (b) Moulik Dadash Tili

There are two more sub-categories also. Primarily they belong to Moulik Dadash Tili but they loat their caste identity as 'Dadash Tili' due to several reasons. They are:-[11]

[A] Panchakuley Tili (Dadash Tili man and Vaishya women inter-caste)[11] & [B] Betnai Tili (Got degraded because of eating with 'Dalits' in same place)[11]

A lot peoples from this caste were active members of Brahmo Samaj.[20]

Demographics[edit source]

Sources[11][21][22][23][13][3][23][9][24][25][26][27][28][29][18][30]

Caste Name Common Surnames Common Gotras Population Ekwija or Dwija Caste Religion Followed Caste Category Ritual Ranking & Social Status Varna(by Birth and by Profession) Race Literacy Rate In Current Generation
Gachhuakalu Tili Sahu, Khan, Bhandari, Sadhukhan, Garai, Saha, Seth, Mondol Bargujar, Tanwar, Borana, Bodana, Gehlot, Dahiya, Sikarwar, Panwar 500,000

(Approx)

Ekwija Hinduism, Jainism, Islam, Christanity Lower OBC(MBC) Intermediate-Low Shudra by Birth but Shudra, Lower Vaishya by Profession More Indo-less Aryan 61% (Approx)
Bhunja Tili Bhuniya, Maity, Rana, Maji, Kumar Shandilya and Kashyap (Mainly) 900,000

(Approx)

Ekwija Hinduism (Vaishnavite) and Hinduism Upper OBC in Bihar and EWS in West Bengal Intermediate Vedic-Kshatriya by Birth but Clean-Shudra Peasant (Nabasakh), Vaishya by Profession Intermediate Indo-Intermediate Aryan 73% (Approx)
Tili (Ekadash and Dadash) or Khas Rajput-Vanik Shrimani(Srimani), Giri, Nandi(Nandy), Kundu, Pal(Paul), Ghosal, Layek, Mahinda(Mahendru/Mahindra), Dey, Settdey, Sett, Panja, Rana, Dhunga, Haldar, Roy, Chaudhari, Pal Chaudhari, Sau, Majumdar Bilaya(known as 'Beleshwar' in Bengal),Maudgalaya or Maudgala,Kashyap, Nagasya (known as 'Nageshwar' in Bengal, Soma Rishi clan etc. 50,000

(Approx)

Dwija Hinduism and Shikism General and Forward Caste Everywhere Very High Suryavanshi-Raghuvanshi Kshatriya by Birth but all Upper Three Varnas Brahmin [Teachers, Professors, Writers, Doctors, Engineers, Artists etc],Kshatriya [Rulers, Warriors, Politician etc.] & Elite-Vaishya (Vanik) [Bank-Owners, Factory -Owners, Entrepreneurs, Wholesale Suppliers, Industrialists etc.] by Profession (Less Mongolian-More Aryan) & (Less Indo-More Aryan) Intercaste 100% (Approx)

Notable people and families of 'Khas Rajput-Vanik' Tili caste[edit source]

People[edit source]

Families[edit source]

References[edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Castes and Subcastes List in West Bengal" (PDF). www.matchfinder.in. p. 5.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Origin And Growth Of Caste In India Vol.2 (2nd ed.). India: Dutt,Nripendra Kumar. 1960. pp. 109–110.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kanda, Sayako (January 2008). "Merchants, institutions and the market: changes in the salt trade in early colonial Bengal" (PDF). Discussion Papers In Economics And Business.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kundu, Narottam (1963). Caste and Class in Pre-Muslim Bengal: Studies in Social History of Bengal (PDF) (Thesis). pp. 209, 213.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kochhar, Rajesh (2016-12-26). "New Bengal social class under colonial auspices". rajeshkochhar.com. Retrieved 2023-12-17.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 http://www.wbnsou.ac.in/journals/SSS/2022/7_Angshuman_Chakraborty.pdf
  7. ↑ THE CAMBRIDGE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF INDIA (PDF) (2nd ed.). Published by the Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street,Cambridge CB2 1RP 32 East 57th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia: [Dharma Kumar and Tapan Raychaudhuri]. 2005. pp. 114–115. ISBN 9788125027317.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  8. ↑ "LINK DEED (DEED NO 3395)_11 10 1939" (PDF). [OLD DEED]: 3.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Inden, Ronald B. (2023). Marriage and Rank in Bengali Culture: A History of Caste and Clan in Middle-Period Bengal (in eng). [University of California Press; 1st edition (15 November 2023)].{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  10. ↑ Chundawat, Lakshmi Kumari; Banerjee, Neeta (1990). "Rajasthani Story: Rajputaani". Indian Literature. 33 (5 (139)): 91–98. ISSN 0019-5804.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 "Tili Bandhaba Masik Patrika". Tili Bandhaba Masik Patrika.
  12. ↑ "Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937]". Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937].
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "The Chronicles of the Sett Family of Chandernagore".
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Risley, Herbert Hope (1892). The Tribes and Castes of Bengal (PDF). CALCUTTA: [H.H. RISLEY]. p. 64.
  15. ↑ Baru, Sanjaya (2021). India's Power Elite: Class, Caste and Cu: Caste, class and cultural revolution. [ Penguin Books India (12 April 2021)]. ISBN 9780670092444.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 James, Lawrence (2000). Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India (in eng). [St. Martin's Griffin; First Edition (12 August 2000). ISBN 9780312263829.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  17. ↑ Bagohi, Jhunu (1993). The History and Culture of the Palas of Bengal and Bihar: Circa 750 AD-Circa 1200 AD (in eng). [Abhinav Publications; First Edition (11 November 1993)]. ISBN 9788170173014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Bhattacharya, Manoshi (2008). The Royal Rajputs: Strange Tales and Stranger Truths (in eng). [Rupa (1 August 2008). ISBN 978-8129114013.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  19. ↑ Tenhunen, Sipra (2003). "Culture and political agency: Gender, kinship and village politics in West Bengal". Contributions to Indian Sociology. 37 (3): 495. ISSN 0069-9667.
  20. ↑ Leonard, G. S. (2009). A History Of The Brahma Samaj - From Its Rise To The Present Day (in eng). [Read Books (14 April 2009)]. ISBN 9781444617290.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937]". Bangiya Tili Samaja Bhanga Sirija [1333-1344 [B. S.] 1926-1937].
  22. ↑ Risley, Herbert Hope (1892). The Tribes and Castes of Bengal (PDF). CALCUTTA: [H.H. RISLEY]. p. 64.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 "Culture and political agency: gender, kinship and village politics in West Bengal".
  24. ↑ Tod, James (2013). Rajasthan by Colonel James Tod in Bengali. [PROJAPOTI; 1st edition (1 January 2013); [email protected]]. ISBN 9788176061353.
  25. ↑ Tanika Sarkar, Sekhar Bandyopadhyay (2022). Caste in Bengal: Histories of Hierarchy, Exclusion, and Resistance (in eng). [ Permanent Black (7 September 2022); Orient Blackswan]. ISBN 9788178246512.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  26. ↑ Bhaumik, Sudarshana (2022). The Changing World of Caste and Hierarchy in Bengal: Depiction from the Mangalkavyas c. 1700–1931 (in eng). [Routledge India; 1st edition (26 August 2022)]. ISBN 9780367557553.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  27. ↑ Wise, James M D (2015). Notes on the Races, Castes and Trades of Eastern Bengal. - Scholar's Choice Edition (in eng). [Scholar's Choice (14 February 2015)]. ISBN 9781296025182.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  28. ↑ Mullick, Promatha Nath (2009). History Of The Vaisyas Of Bengal (1902) (in eng). [Kessinger Publishing (10 August 2009)]. ISBN 9781104867515.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  29. ↑ Roychowdhury, Deboshruti (2014). Gender & Caste Hierarchy in Colonial Bengal: Inter-Caste Interventions of Ideal Womanhood (in eng). [Stree; Edition (1 December 2014)]. ISBN 9789381345054.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  30. ↑ James, Lawrence (2000). Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India (in eng). [St. Martin's Griffin; First Edition (12 August 2000)]. pp. 499–560. ISBN 9780312263829.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  1. Discussion Papers In Economics And Business (PDF), pp. 6, 8, 15
  2. "Origin And Growth Of Caste In India Vol.2, Ed.2nd", 2, pp. 109, 110, 120, 132
  3. Tili Bandhab [Yr. 4]
  4. The Chronicles of the Sett Family of Chandernagore
  5. Risley, Herbert Hope, The Tribes and Castes of Bengal (PDF), p. 64


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