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Shenoi Goembab
 | This article may have too many section headers dividing up its content. (June 2019) |
Waman Varde Valaulikar | |
|---|---|
 Shenoi Goembab | |
| Born | Waman Raghunath Shennoi Varde Valaulikar June 23, 1877 Bicholim, Portuguese Goa |
| Died | April 9, 1946 (aged 68) Mumbai |
| Pen name | Shenoi Goembab |
| Occupation | Writer and activist |
| Language | Konkani |
| Notable works | Bhagwantalem Geet Bhurgianche Vyakran |
| Notable awards | Konkani Person of the Millennium Award |
| Spouse | Shantabai |
| Children | 4 |
Waman Raghunath Shennoi Varde Valaulikar (23 June 1877 – 9 April 1946), known popularly as Shenoi Goembab, was a noted Konkani writer and activist.[1]
Early life
Waman Shenoi was born on 23 June 1877 at Bicholim, Goa. He came from a notable family which could boast the presence of diplomats. One of his progenitors was a diplomat of a local potentate in the court of the Portuguese in Goa, while another is reported to have been was 'Delegate or Ambassador of the Portuguese Government at the Court of the Peshwas in Pune'.[2] Waman's father, however, was not a successful man, who is reported to have held the position of manager in the household of a rich relative and subsequently a poor shopkeeper in Bicholim.[2] He attended primary school in Marathi till 6th standard and then joined a Portuguese primary school, where he completed "Segundo Grau" (roughly 4th grade). After discontinuing studies due to financial constraints he taught himself Sanskrit and English at home. He went to the city of Bombay (now Mumbai) in 1893 and continued with his studies there, completing High School in 1898.[1] He was married to Shantabai in Mumbai and had two sons and two daughters.
Career
He returned to Goa in 1899 and took up a job as a teacher in a school, but left it since he wasn't satisfied. He went to Karachi and worked there for some time as a clerk in the Lahore Municipality. He returned to Mumbai where he got married and later got a job with the Italian Consulate. Later he joined a German company, Meister Lucius & Bruening, as a stenographer.[3]
Due to World War I, the Germans had to leave and Waman was left in charge of the company. He managed the company well in the absence of its management and on their return, he earned their praise. Later he was promoted to the post of a Secretary of the company. However, due to some disgruntled employees he was accused of mismanagement and left the company.[1] After this he dedicated his life to revitalising Konkani.
Nickname
It is believed that he earned the nickname "Goembab" when he was going along with his uncle Chintamanrao to Mumbai aboard a steamer. A friend on board the ship remarked to his uncle "I hear you are taking this Goembab (Gentleman from Goa) with you to Mumbai." The young and idealistic Waman later used "Shennoi Goembab" as his pen-name.[4]
Writer
Waman had started writing in Konkani at the time he was working in Mumbai. His wife was illiterate but had a very good knowledge of Konkani language and folklore. He made her recite the tales and proverbs and put them in writing which were published later.
"Goenkaaranchi Goianbhaili Vosnook" (Goan migrants outside Goa) was a series of history lectures given by Shenoi Goembab at the Saraswat Brahman Samaj, Mumbai, in 1927.[5]
Another historical book he wrote was "Albuquerquan Goen Koshem Jiklem" (How Albuquerque Won Goa).
"Mhoji Baa Khuin Gelli?" is regarded as the first modern Konkani short-story. It was published in "Gomantopnishat",[6] which is a two-volume collection of fiction and non-fiction. The second volume contained "Sonvsar Budti" (The drowning of the world). It used the story of the Great Flood to discuss various philosophies and includes parts from various religious works such as the Upanishads, Bible, Qur'an and Talmud.[7]
He believed that Konkani language was awaiting a revolution and it could only be brought about by its youth. This was revealed in his essays "Amrutacho Pavs" (The Rain of Nectar) and "Konkani Vidyarthiank" (For Konkani Students)
One of his major contribution was towards children's literature. "Bhurgianche Vyakran" (Children's Grammar) was written in a series of question-answers that he used to teach his son and "Bhurgianlo Ishtt" was a collection of short stories.
He also translated many works into Konkani the chief among them being Molière's Le Médecin malgré lui, which he translated as "Mogachen Logn" (Love Marriage) and Shakespeare's Othello, Hamlet and King Lear.[8]
He is most remembered for his translation of the Bhagavad Gita into Konkani: "Bhagwantalem Geet".[3]
Konkani Activist
In an autobiographical reference, Goembab credits the Barão de Cumbarjua (Baron of Cumbarjua), Tomás Morão, with opening his eyes to the fact that it was Konkani, and not Marathi, which was the mother-tongue of Goans. In anecdote he recounts in Konkani Bhashechem Zoit, Goembab indicates that in about 1899, he had written a book "O Mestre Portugués" for use in the Marathi-Portuguese schools that had been established by the Estado da Índia in Goa since 1871.[9] At the time the Barão of Cumbarjua, was the Inspector of Schools in Goa. In that book, Goembab indicates that he had introduced lessons covering grammatical rules, meanings of words and sentences for teaching the art of translation. In the Portuguese introduction, he recounts "I had, in my ignorance, referred to Marathi as "Lingua Vernacular" i.e. local language. After reading that introduction, the Barão pointed to my mistake saying, "the local language of Goa is Konkani, how can it be Marathi?". I saw the truth in that statement. And I have not forgotten that incident till this day."[10]
He had observed how Konkani had diminished in status among Goans and Marathi and Portuguese had taken the place of respect among the educated, upper class Hindus and Christians respectively. Konkani was used only to communicate with their employees, the poor and downtrodden castes.
He believed that no matter how many languages a person could communicate in to earn a living, he was lost if he could not communicate in his mother tongue, the "language of your soul" as he called it.[1] "We have been shining under others' lamps", observed Shenoi Goembab.[1] He began telling Konkanis about the sweetness of their mother tongue and of its rich past. He started writing books to propagate his views.[1] Not only did he see the Konkani language as an inseparable part of every Goan's and Konkani's identity. He also saw it as a movement against Portuguese rule in Goa.
Shenoi Goembab wrote 7 books in the Roman script and 22 in Devanagari. This included short stories, dramas novels, poetry, essays, linguistics, philosophy history.[1]
Perhaps, ahead of his time, Shenoi Goembab stressed on the need to eliminate caste barriers and get the lower castes educated. He said "let's make Pandits (scholars) out of Gawdes (farmers)".
In a communally divided linguistic community Waman Shenoi spread the message of peace and unity without rejecting religion. He equated Santeri (a Goddess popular among Goans) with the Virgin Mary to get the Goan Catholics and Hindus, two major communities of Goa, to join hands for Konkani. He would chant "Om Santeri Have Mercy on Us! Holy virgin Mother Bless Our Way!"
Recognition
Shenoi Goembab died on 9 April 1946 in the city of Bombay, and his death anniversary, is now observed as Vishwa Konkani Dis (World Konkani Day).[11]
Shenoi Goembab was posthumously awarded the Konkani Person of the Millennium award by Mandd Sobhann (a Mangalore based Konkani organisation), on his 54th death anniversary(9 April 2000).[11]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "GOANEWS - BY SANDESH PRABHUDESAI". 28 August 2008. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Naik, R. N. (2007). Shenoi Goembab. Translated by Borges, Sebastian M. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 1. ISBN 978-81-260-2354-7.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Goa Konkani Akademi – promoting the development of Konkani language, literature and culture Archived 24 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 1988-, Iliadis, Dennis. Gullo, Bill. Wakefield, Rhys, 1988- Miller, Logan, 1992- Hinshaw, Ashley, 1988- Hall, Natalie, +1, ISBN 978-0788617539, OCLC 867735697
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ Couto, Maria Aurora (5 April 2005). Goa: A Daughter'S Story. Penguin Books Limited. ISBN 9789351180951.
- ↑ Goembab, Shenoi (1989). Gomantopanishat. Shenoi Goembabali Barpaval : Dusre Pustak. Goa: Konkani Bhasha Mandal.
- ↑ "Remembering Shenoi Goembab on Vishwa Konkani Dis (World Konkani Day)". Archived from the original on 17 November 2018.
- ↑ Shenoi, Goembab (1989). Moganche Lagna. Margao: Konkani Bhasha Mandal.
- ↑ Botelho, Afonso Manuel (2011). Language and Early Schooling in Goa. Panjim- Goa: Directorate of Official Language, Govt. of Goa. p. 103.
- ↑ Varde Valavalikar, Shenoi V. R. (2003). The Triumph of Konkani: A Translation of Shenoy Goembab's Konkani Bhashechem Zoit. Translated by Borges, Sebastian M. Margão: Asmitai Pratishthan. p. 25.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Goanews – By Sandesh Prabhudesai". Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2007.