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Communist Consolidation

Revision as of 19:07, 14 February 2022 by 47.11.34.214 (talk)



Communist Consolidation (26 April 1935 – 15 August 1947) was an Indian independence and communist organization, formed among the prisoners of Andaman Cellular Jail on 26th of april 1935. It was the largest resistance group against British rule in the Cellular Prison, the historical 36-day Hunger Strike in 1937 was led by this organization. Many legendary Freedom Fighters was the members of this Organization and this organization was towards to uproot the British rule from India as well as to make Communist India.[1]

Communist Consolidation
कम्युनिस्ट समेकन(Hindi)
কমিউনিস্ট একত্রীকরণ(Bengali)
FounderHare Krishna Konar
Newspaper"The Call"
Slogan"Inquilab Zindabad"
"Duniya ke Mazdooron ek ho"
Foundation26th April 1935; 90 years ago (26th April 1935) at Andaman, Cellular Jail
Dissolved15th August 1947 (15th August 1947)
Merged intoCommunist Party of India
Country British India
MotivesIndian independence
HeadquartersCellular Jail, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, (upto 1947)
IdeologyNationalism
Communism
Marxism
Socialism
Political positionLeft-wing
Part ofRevolutionary movement for Indian independence
Opponents British Empire
Colors  Red

History (before 1935)

The history of Communist Consolidation is older than group when it was formed in 1935. The history of Communist Consolidation starts on 12 May 1933, Some of the prisoners gathered and started a Hunger Strike fast undo death. Mahavir Singh, Mohan Kishore Namadas and Mohit Moitra died during this hunger strike. Their bodies were quietly ferreted away and thrown out to sea. Central Jail Lahore inspector Barker was called to break the hunger strike. He issued orders to stop the issuing of drinking water. The freedom fighters were resolute. There was a huge outcry throughout India because of this hunger strike. The British Raj had to bow and the demands to the freedom fighters to stop the hunger strike finally freedom fighter had to accepted it and the 46 days hunger strike ended on 26 June 1933. Before the first hunger strike in Cellular Jail the food that was given was not fit for human consumption. There were worms when you opened the bread and wild grass was boiled and served in lieu of vegetables. Rain drinking water was full of insects and worms. The 13' X 6' cells were dark and damp and dingy thickly coated with moss. There were no toilets. There were no lights, no reading material. Prisoners were not allowed to meet with each other. The guards carried out physical torture and flogging. But after the first hunger strike happened and three reputed revolutionary freedom fighter died then the facilities of Jail rose quickly then there was light in the cells. The prisoners started getting newspapers, books in periodicals. They were allowed to meet. The facility to read individually or on a collective basis was allowed. The opportunity to play sports and organise cultural events was given. The jail work was reduced to minimal. the guards of the jail started to respect the freedom fighters and a marked improvement in their behaviour.[1][2]

File:Andaman Cellular Jail (1).jpg
In 2001, Guardian had an article describing Cellular Jail and Mahavir Singh's death at this dreaded Jail.[3]

Formation of Communist Consolidation (1935)

In 1935 Communist Consolidation was founded by 39 inmates but the main masterminded person to formed this group was Hare Krishna Konar. The maximum of Its founders belong to the minority tendency of the Marxist and Communist or Jugantar part of Anushilan Samiti. Although this was a secret revolutionary group and the members of this organization swelled higher and higher. In other Indian jails, several of whom were men of high educated and had been permitted all sorts of books for study in jail. On their release the prisoners keep over their literature career to the freedom fighter, but firstly the warders of Cellular Jail do not check wether any body has brought books or not but after some whispering the waders of Cellular Jail were alarmed and started to checked the people who ever outsider entered in Cellular Jail, The supervision of the Communist Consolidation was extremely defective and the convicts that he had been able to smuggle at that higher security a lot volume of Communist, Marxist and Socialist literature books from Central Jail Lahore inside the Cellular Jail by Narayan Roy, Niranjan Sengupta, the prisoners requested some contacts living in Andamans outside the Cellular Jail to get books direct from the continent and smuggle them through warders and prisoners also requested their relatives to send them particular books. When they arrived in Cellular Jail, they were checked by the authorities who finding them objectionable set them aside. However, some of the freedom fighters who were working as ‘munshis’ in the jail office who picked those books and gave them to their comrades. Finally, a library was made with the collection of books by the Freedom Fighters and Comrades of Cellular Jail. The prisoners spent most of their time in reading Communist or Socialist literature as a result that there was hardly any left who had not been become a confirmed Communist or Socialist.[4][2]

The leaders of the groups held study circles, in which the principles of Socialism, Marxism and Communism were explained they named this study circle as "A veritable university of Freedom Fighters". In year 1936 the members of this organization claimed that they were fighting to uproot British Raj as well as to make the country totally Communist Country.[4]

File:What a man writes in a post.jpg
A social media post in 2017

Dhanwantri, Bejoy Kumar Sinha, Batukeshwar Dutt, Bankeshwar, Narayan Roy and Niranjan Sengupta were appointed to the editorial board of a manuscript paper called "The Call", which they published from Cellular Jail. “The “Call” was started as a monthly paper, members of the Consolidation Committee contributed articles on different subjects dealing with Communism and Socialism. “The Call” was a manuscript paper. Only one copy was written and placed in the library the newspaper had about 150 pages. The activities of the Communist Consolidation continued unhindered till about the middle of 1937.[5][4]

class struggle. May Day, November Revolution, etc. were celebrated with due dignity in prison. Nationalist slogans like Bandemataram, Bharat mata ki jai etc. were never used, instead slogans of class struggle like “Inquilab Zindabad”, “Duniya ke Mazdooron ek ho”, etc. Were the first choice of the prisoners.[6][7]

File:Andaman Cellular Jail (2).jpg

Members

The organization's membership expanded rapidly to more than 800 inmates.

Some of the members were:

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bandi Jeevan (in Hindi). Sachindra Nath Sanyal. 1 January 2017. ISBN 8184408978.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1975). Penal Settlement in Andamans. Delhi: Government of India. p. 339.
  3. ↑ "Survivors of our hell". the Guardian. 23 June 2001. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "History of Andaman Cellular Jail". web.archive.org. 13 January 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  5. ↑ ahmed, zubair. "Cellular Jail: Stories of Clemency and Betrayal". www.thecitizen.in. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
  6. ↑ Saha, Murari Mohan (2001). Documents of the Revolutionary Socialist Party. Agartala: Lokayata Chetana Bikash Society. p. 21.
  7. ↑ "www.tripurainfo.com". web.archive.org. 11 March 2007. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  8. ↑ "Revolutionaries: Section 'K'". web.archive.org. 14 July 2006. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  9. ↑ "Revolutionaries: Section 'D'". web.archive.org. 3 May 2006. Retrieved 10 February 2022.

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