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{{About|the | {{About|the town in India|the Swetambar Jain temples on hill|Palitana temples}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name | | name = Palitana | ||
| settlement_type | | settlement_type = Town | ||
| image_skyline | | image_skyline = Palitana Jain Tirth.jpg | ||
| image_alt = Palitana | |||
| image_caption = View of Palitana | |||
| image_alt | | pushpin_map = India Gujarat | ||
| image_caption | | pushpin_label_position = right | ||
| pushpin_map | | pushpin_map_alt = Palitana | ||
| pushpin_label_position | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Gujarat, India | ||
| pushpin_map_alt | | coordinates = {{coord|21.52|N|71.83|E|display=inline,title}} | ||
| pushpin_map_caption | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| coordinates | | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
| subdivision_type | | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | ||
| subdivision_name | | subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]] | ||
| subdivision_type1 | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | ||
| subdivision_name1 | | subdivision_name2 = [[Bhavnagar district|Bhavnagar]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| subdivision_name2 | | established_date = 1812 | ||
| established_title | | founder = | ||
| established_date | | named_for = | ||
| founder | | government_type = Municipal | ||
| named_for | | governing_body = Palitana municipal corporation | ||
| government_type | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| governing_body | | area_footnotes = | ||
| unit_pref | | area_rank = | ||
| area_footnotes | | area_total_km2 = 83.2 | ||
| area_rank | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| area_total_km2 | | elevation_m = 66 | ||
| elevation_footnotes | | population_total = 64,497 | ||
| elevation_m | | population_as_of = 2011 | ||
| population_total | | population_rank = | ||
| population_as_of | | population_density_km2 = | ||
| population_rank | | population_demonym = Palitani | ||
| population_density_km2 | |||
| population_demonym | |||
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2011 census data">{{cite web|title=Census of India Search details |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=548014|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=10 May 2015}}</ref> | | population_footnotes = <ref name="2011 census data">{{cite web|title=Census of India Search details |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=548014|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=10 May 2015}}</ref> | ||
| demographics1_title1 | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| demographics1_info1 | | demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | ||
| timezone1 | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type | | postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --> STD code | ||
| postal_code | | postal_code = 02848 | ||
| registration_plate | | registration_plate = GJ-04(Bhavnagar) | ||
| website | | website = | ||
| footnotes | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Shatrunjay Tirth.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:Shatrunjay Tirth.jpg|thumb|Shatrunjay Tirth, largest cluster of temples in the world at Palitana in Gujarat]] | ||
''' | '''Palitana''' is a town in the [[Bhavnagar district]] of the Indian state of [[Gujarat]]. It is one of the most significant pilgrimage destinations for followers of [[Jainism]], renowned for the [[Shatrunjaya]] hill temples, a sprawling complex of over 900 marble temples considered among the holiest in Jainism.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cort |first=John E. |title=Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001}}</ref> | ||
In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be officially declared [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]], prohibiting the sale of meat, fish, and eggs, in alignment with its strong Jain ethical values.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian town goes vegetarian after Jain monk protest |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-28971152 |work=BBC News |date=29 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Palitana to become first vegetarian city in the world |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/palitana-to-become-first-vegetarian-city-in-world/articleshow/40920667.cms |work=The Times of India |date=20 August 2014}}</ref> Located approximately 50 kilometres southwest of [[Bhavnagar]], the city was historically a princely state during British rule. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Palitana is associated with [[ | Palitana is associated with [[Śvetāmbaras]] legends and history. [[Rishabha|Ādinātha]], the first of the Jain [[tirthankara]]s, is said to have meditated on the [[Shatrunjaya]] hill, where the [[Palitana temples]] were later constructed.{{cn|date=October 2023}} | ||
What eventually became [[Palitana State]] was founded in 1194.{{cn|date=October 2023}} In 1656, [[Shah Jahan]]'s son [[Murad Baksh]] (the then [[Subahdar|Governor]] of Gujarat) granted the village of Palitana to the prominent Jain merchant [[Shantidas Jhaveri]]. The management of the temples was assigned to the [[Anandji Kalyanji Trust]] in 1730.{{cn|date=October 2023}} | |||
During the [[British Raj]], Palitana was a [[princely state]] in the [[Kathiawar Agency]] of the [[Bombay presidency]]. It ceased to exist with the establishment of independent India in 1948.{{cn|date=August 2023}} | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
{{see also|Shatrunjaya}} | {{see also|Shatrunjaya}} | ||
Palitana is located at {{Coord|21.52|N|71.83|E}}.<ref>[ | Palitana is located at {{Coord|21.52|N|71.83|E}}.<ref>[https://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/09/Palitana.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Palitana]</ref> It has an average elevation of 67 metres (219 feet). The Palitana dam, an irrigation resource, is on the [[Shetrunji River]].<ref name="JainAgarwal2007">{{cite book|last1=Jain|first1=S. Sharad Kumar|last2=Agarwal|first2=Pushpendra K.|last3=Singh|first3=V. Vijay P.|title=Hydrology and Water Resources of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=PA750|access-date=22 December 2012|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-5180-7|pages=750–}}</ref> | ||
==Palitana temples== | ==Palitana temples== | ||
{{main|Palitana temples}} | {{main|Palitana temples}} | ||
[[File:Palitana.jpg|thumb|Palitana temples]] | [[File:Palitana Jain Temples , Gujarat.jpg|thumb|Palitana Jain temples]] | ||
Palitana is the world's only mountain that has more than 900 temples.<ref name=":3">{{cite web| url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/JM-world---s-only-mountain-that-has-more-than-900-temples-4225137-PHO.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121080531/http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/JM-world---s-only-mountain-that-has-more-than-900-temples-4225137-PHO.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=21 November 2013 | title= Hindi News / National | language=hi | website = daily.bhaskar.com}}</ref> The Palitana temples and whole mountain are considered the most sacred pilgrimage place (''[[Tirtha (Jainism)|tirtha]]'') by the Jain community, and is the world's largest Temple Complex. There are more than 3000 temples located on the [[Shatrunjaya]] hills, exquisitely carved in marble. The main temple on top of the hill, is dedicated to the first ''[[Tirthankara]]'' [[Rishabhanatha]] (Rishabhadeva). The temples were built by generations of Jains over a period of 900 years, from the 11th century onwards. The temples are managed by the [[Anandji Kalyanji Trust]] associated with the [[Kasturbhai Lalbhai]] group. From the foot of the hill to the top there are about 3,800 stone steps to facilitate climbing.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/06/04/stories/2004060402020600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040923132241/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/06/04/stories/2004060402020600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2004-09-23|title=Glistening spires of Palitana temples |author=R. Krishnamurthy|date=2004-06-04|access-date= 2009-11-09}}</ref> | |||
Palitana is the world's only mountain that has more than 900 temples.<ref name=":3">http://daily.bhaskar.com/article/JM-world---s-only-mountain-that-has-more-than-900-temples-4225137-PHO.html</ref> The Palitana temples and whole mountain are considered the most sacred pilgrimage place (''[[Tirtha (Jainism)|tirtha]]'') by the Jain community, and is the world's largest Temple Complex. There are more than 3000 temples located on the [[Shatrunjaya]] hills, exquisitely carved in marble. The main temple on top of the hill, is dedicated to the first ''[[Tirthankara]]'' [[Rishabhanatha]] (Rishabhadeva). The temples were built by generations of Jains over a period of 900 years, from the 11th century onwards. The temples are managed by the [[Anandji Kalyanji Trust]] associated with the [[Kasturbhai Lalbhai]] group. From the foot of the hill to the top there are about 3,800 stone steps to facilitate climbing.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/06/04/stories/2004060402020600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040923132241/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/fr/2004/06/04/stories/2004060402020600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2004-09-23|title=Glistening spires of Palitana temples |author=R. Krishnamurthy|date=2004-06-04|access-date= 2009-11-09}}</ref> | |||
The temples are exquisitely carved in marble, veritable prayers in stone. To an observer, these appear to be ivory miniatures when seen from a distance. Created by master craftsmen, the most important temple is that of the first teerthankara, Shri [[Rishabha|Adishwar]]. It has ornate architectural motifs, though in its overall plan it is simpler than the Choumukh. Other notable temples are those of Kumarpal, Vimalshah and Sampriti Raja. Kumarpal Solanki, a great Jain patron, probably built the earliest temple. The temple has a fabulous collection of jewels, and these can be seen with special permission. The temples date from 11th to the 20th century. From 1865 to 1910 it was ruled by King Dhanpat. | The temples are exquisitely carved in marble, veritable prayers in stone. To an observer, these appear to be ivory miniatures when seen from a distance. Created by master craftsmen, the most important temple is that of the first teerthankara, Shri [[Rishabha|Adishwar]]. It has ornate architectural motifs, though in its overall plan it is simpler than the Choumukh. Other notable temples are those of Kumarpal, Vimalshah and Sampriti Raja. Kumarpal Solanki, a great Jain patron, probably built the earliest temple. The temple has a fabulous collection of jewels, and these can be seen with special permission. The temples date from 11th to the 20th century. From 1865 to 1910 it was ruled by King Dhanpat. | ||
| Line 98: | Line 77: | ||
==Vegetarianism== | ==Vegetarianism== | ||
In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be legally [[vegetarian]]. It has outlawed, or made illegal, the buying and selling of meat, fish and eggs, and also related jobs or work, such as fishing and penning 'food animals'.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/in-india-the-world-039-s-first-vegetarian-city/india-palitana-food-meat-fish-gujarat/c3s17132/#.VDV3R_ldWSq |access-date=23 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiadivine.org/news/hinduism-in-the-news/in-india-the-worlds-first-vegetarian-city-r861|title=In India, The World's First Vegetarian City|date=2015-03-07|work=IndiaDivine.org|access-date=2017-03-18|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/the-vegetarian-town-they-wouldnt-hurt-a-fly-but-the-jains-upset-palitana-with-meatfree-plea-9588087.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/the-vegetarian-town-they-wouldnt-hurt-a-fly-but-the-jains-upset-palitana-with-meatfree-plea-9588087.html |archive-date=24 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Jain monks want a ban on the sale of non-vegetarian food|date=2014-07-06|work=The Independent|access-date=2017-03-18|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism? | year=2015 | url=http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A825610&dswid=-2038|publisher=Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics | last=van Popering | first=Ruben}}</ref> | In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be legally [[vegetarian]]. It has outlawed, or made illegal, the buying and selling of meat, fish and eggs, and also related jobs or work, such as fishing and penning 'food animals'.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |url=http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/in-india-the-world-039-s-first-vegetarian-city/india-palitana-food-meat-fish-gujarat/c3s17132/#.VDV3R_ldWSq |access-date=23 November 2014 |title=In India, The World's First Vegetarian City |archive-date=8 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008124632/http://www.worldcrunch.com/culture-society/in-india-the-world-039-s-first-vegetarian-city/india-palitana-food-meat-fish-gujarat/c3s17132/#.VDV3R_ldWSq |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiadivine.org/news/hinduism-in-the-news/in-india-the-worlds-first-vegetarian-city-r861|title=In India, The World's First Vegetarian City|date=2015-03-07|work=IndiaDivine.org|access-date=2017-03-18|language=en-US|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402163742/http://www.indiadivine.org/news/hinduism-in-the-news/in-india-the-worlds-first-vegetarian-city-r861|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/the-vegetarian-town-they-wouldnt-hurt-a-fly-but-the-jains-upset-palitana-with-meatfree-plea-9588087.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/the-vegetarian-town-they-wouldnt-hurt-a-fly-but-the-jains-upset-palitana-with-meatfree-plea-9588087.html |archive-date=24 May 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Jain monks want a ban on the sale of non-vegetarian food|date=2014-07-06|work=The Independent|access-date=2017-03-18|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism? | year=2015 | url=http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A825610&dswid=-2038|publisher=Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics | last=van Popering | first=Ruben}}</ref> | ||
=== Cuisine === | |||
The cuisine of Palitana is influenced by Jainism, which emphasizes nonviolence. Jain food excludes root vegetables to avoid harming soil-dwelling organisms. Palitana cuisine is based on dal, rice and vegetables. Popular dishes include [[dhokla]], [[fafda]], [[Khandvi (food)|khandvi]], [[Ganthiya|gathiya]], [[kadhi]], [[Indian bread|rotlo]], sev tameta nu shaak and [[Dal dhokli|dah dhokli]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-07-25 |title=World's only City of Vegetarians and why it banned non-veg food |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/food-news/worlds-only-city-of-vegetarians-and-why-it-banned-non-veg-food/articleshow/111803263.cms |access-date=2025-03-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Joshi |first=Avanti |date=2024-07-02 |title=Palitana: The City Of Vegetarians |url=https://youthincmag.com/palitana-the-city-of-vegetarians |access-date=2025-03-26 |website=Youth Incorporated Magazine |language=en-GB}}</ref> | |||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
| Line 110: | Line 92: | ||
The nearest airport at [[Bhavnagar Airport|Bhavnagar]] lies at a distance of 51 kilometres from Palitana, with daily flights to [[Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport|Mumbai]], [[Surat International Airport|Surat]] and [[Ahmedabad Airport|Ahmedabad]], 215 kilometres away by road, has an international airport with regular flights to many important cities. | The nearest airport at [[Bhavnagar Airport|Bhavnagar]] lies at a distance of 51 kilometres from Palitana, with daily flights to [[Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport|Mumbai]], [[Surat International Airport|Surat]] and [[Ahmedabad Airport|Ahmedabad]], 215 kilometres away by road, has an international airport with regular flights to many important cities. | ||
Keeping in mind the religious and tourism travel, the State government has initiated the process of land acquisition for a new airport at Palitana as part of its plan to establish 11 new airports in Gujarat. The pre-feasibility study has been handed over to the [[Airport Authority of India]] (AAI).<ref name=":2">{{cite news|work=[[The Times of India]]|url= | Keeping in mind the religious and tourism travel, the State government has initiated the process of land acquisition for a new airport at Palitana as part of its plan to establish 11 new airports in Gujarat. The pre-feasibility study has been handed over to the [[Airport Authority of India]] (AAI).<ref name=":2">{{cite news|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Guj-to-get-11-new-airports-renovate-10-defunct-strips/articleshow/7929661.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106205748/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-04-10/ahmedabad/29402801_1_new-airports-aai-palitana|url-status=live|archive-date=2011-11-06|title=Guj to get 11 new airports, renovate 10 defunct strips |date=2011-04-10|access-date= 2012-03-01}}</ref> | ||
; By rail | ; By rail | ||
| Line 121: | Line 103: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{commons category}} | |||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{Bhavnagar district}} | {{Bhavnagar district}} | ||
{{Veganism and vegetarianism}} | |||
[[Category:Holy cities]] | [[Category:Holy cities]] | ||
| Line 131: | Line 114: | ||
[[Category:Vegetarianism in India]] | [[Category:Vegetarianism in India]] | ||
[[Category:Vegetarian towns in India]] | [[Category:Vegetarian towns in India]] | ||
[[Category:Vegetarianism and religion]] | |||
[[Category:Vegetarian communities]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:54, 28 July 2025
Palitana | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 View of Palitana | |
  Palitana Location in Gujarat, India | |
| Coordinates: 21°31′N 71°50′E / 21.52°N 71.83°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Gujarat |
| District | Bhavnagar |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal |
| • Body | Palitana municipal corporation |
| Area | |
| • Total | 83.2 km2 (32.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 66 m (217 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 64,497 |
| Demonym | Palitani |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| STD code | 02848 |
| Vehicle registration | GJ-04(Bhavnagar) |
Palitana is a town in the Bhavnagar district of the Indian state of Gujarat. It is one of the most significant pilgrimage destinations for followers of Jainism, renowned for the Shatrunjaya hill temples, a sprawling complex of over 900 marble temples considered among the holiest in Jainism.[2]
In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be officially declared vegetarian, prohibiting the sale of meat, fish, and eggs, in alignment with its strong Jain ethical values.[3][4] Located approximately 50 kilometres southwest of Bhavnagar, the city was historically a princely state during British rule.
History[edit | edit source]
Palitana is associated with Śvetāmbaras legends and history. Ādinātha, the first of the Jain tirthankaras, is said to have meditated on the Shatrunjaya hill, where the Palitana temples were later constructed.[citation needed]
What eventually became Palitana State was founded in 1194.[citation needed] In 1656, Shah Jahan's son Murad Baksh (the then Governor of Gujarat) granted the village of Palitana to the prominent Jain merchant Shantidas Jhaveri. The management of the temples was assigned to the Anandji Kalyanji Trust in 1730.[citation needed]
During the British Raj, Palitana was a princely state in the Kathiawar Agency of the Bombay presidency. It ceased to exist with the establishment of independent India in 1948.[citation needed]
Geography[edit | edit source]
Palitana is located at 21°31′N 71°50′E / 21.52°N 71.83°E.[5] It has an average elevation of 67 metres (219 feet). The Palitana dam, an irrigation resource, is on the Shetrunji River.[6]
Palitana temples[edit | edit source]
Palitana is the world's only mountain that has more than 900 temples.[7] The Palitana temples and whole mountain are considered the most sacred pilgrimage place (tirtha) by the Jain community, and is the world's largest Temple Complex. There are more than 3000 temples located on the Shatrunjaya hills, exquisitely carved in marble. The main temple on top of the hill, is dedicated to the first Tirthankara Rishabhanatha (Rishabhadeva). The temples were built by generations of Jains over a period of 900 years, from the 11th century onwards. The temples are managed by the Anandji Kalyanji Trust associated with the Kasturbhai Lalbhai group. From the foot of the hill to the top there are about 3,800 stone steps to facilitate climbing.[8]
The temples are exquisitely carved in marble, veritable prayers in stone. To an observer, these appear to be ivory miniatures when seen from a distance. Created by master craftsmen, the most important temple is that of the first teerthankara, Shri Adishwar. It has ornate architectural motifs, though in its overall plan it is simpler than the Choumukh. Other notable temples are those of Kumarpal, Vimalshah and Sampriti Raja. Kumarpal Solanki, a great Jain patron, probably built the earliest temple. The temple has a fabulous collection of jewels, and these can be seen with special permission. The temples date from 11th to the 20th century. From 1865 to 1910 it was ruled by King Dhanpat.
Belief
Every devout Jain aspires to climb to the top of the mountain at least once in his lifetime, because of its sanctity. Not just the temples on the hill are sacred, but as per Jain Scriptures entire hill is sacred right from top to bottom. The journey is arduous. The walk up the stone stairway hewn into the mountain face takes about an hour and a half. For those unable or unaccustomed to the strain, sling-chairs are available at a bargain. The code for the climbers is stringent, in keeping with the rigours of the Jain faith. Food must neither be eaten nor carried on the way. The descent must begin before it is evening, for no soul can remain atop the sacred mountain during the night.
Vegetarianism[edit | edit source]
In 2014, Palitana became the first city in the world to be legally vegetarian. It has outlawed, or made illegal, the buying and selling of meat, fish and eggs, and also related jobs or work, such as fishing and penning 'food animals'.[9][10][11][12]
Cuisine[edit | edit source]
The cuisine of Palitana is influenced by Jainism, which emphasizes nonviolence. Jain food excludes root vegetables to avoid harming soil-dwelling organisms. Palitana cuisine is based on dal, rice and vegetables. Popular dishes include dhokla, fafda, khandvi, gathiya, kadhi, rotlo, sev tameta nu shaak and dah dhokli.[13][14]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
As of 2011[update] India census,[15] Palitana had a population of approximately 64,497. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Palitana has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 57%. In Palitana, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.
According to 2011 Census of India, 91.77% of the population was reportedly Hindus with other religious communities making up rest of the population.
Transportation[edit | edit source]
- By air
The nearest airport at Bhavnagar lies at a distance of 51 kilometres from Palitana, with daily flights to Mumbai, Surat and Ahmedabad, 215 kilometres away by road, has an international airport with regular flights to many important cities.
Keeping in mind the religious and tourism travel, the State government has initiated the process of land acquisition for a new airport at Palitana as part of its plan to establish 11 new airports in Gujarat. The pre-feasibility study has been handed over to the Airport Authority of India (AAI).[16]
- By rail
Palitana has a small railway station, Palitana railway station, that is connected to Sihor and Bhavanagar. Most of the trains stop at Sihor, which is connected to Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar.
- By road
There are hourly buses for Bhavnagar from Palitana. Regular buses are also available for Ahmedabad, Talaja, Una, and Diu. The total journey time to Una or Diu is around 6 hours as the roads are in good condition. Taxis are also available on hire for Palitana from Bhavnagar, Ahmedabad or Vadodra. The bus stand is situated 800 meters away from the Palitana railway station.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Census of India Search details". censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
- ↑ Cort, John E. (2001). Jains in the World: Religious Values and Ideology in India. Oxford University Press.
- ↑ "Indian town goes vegetarian after Jain monk protest". BBC News. 29 August 2014.
- ↑ "Palitana to become first vegetarian city in the world". The Times of India. 20 August 2014.
- ↑ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Palitana
- ↑ Jain, S. Sharad Kumar; Agarwal, Pushpendra K.; Singh, V. Vijay P. (1 January 2007). Hydrology and Water Resources of India. Springer. pp. 750–. ISBN 978-1-4020-5180-7. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
- ↑ "Hindi News / National". daily.bhaskar.com (in हिन्दी). Archived from the original on 21 November 2013.
- ↑ R. Krishnamurthy (4 June 2004). "Glistening spires of Palitana temples". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 23 September 2004. Retrieved 9 November 2009.
- ↑ "In India, The World's First Vegetarian City". Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
- ↑ "In India, The World's First Vegetarian City". IndiaDivine.org. 7 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
- ↑ "Jain monks want a ban on the sale of non-vegetarian food". The Independent. 6 July 2014. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
- ↑ van Popering, Ruben (2015). "Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism?". Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics.
- ↑ "World's only City of Vegetarians and why it banned non-veg food". The Times of India. 25 July 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
- ↑ Joshi, Avanti (2 July 2024). "Palitana: The City Of Vegetarians". Youth Incorporated Magazine. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ↑ "Guj to get 11 new airports, renovate 10 defunct strips". The Times of India. 10 April 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2012.