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{{short description|Indian special public prosecutor}}
{{short description|Indian special public prosecutor (born 1953)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ujjwal Nikam
| name = Ujjwal Deorao Nikam
| image = Ujjwal Nikam 2014.JPG
| image = Ujjwal Nikam 2014.JPG
| birth_name =
| caption = Ujjwal Nikam in 2014
| birth_date =<!--Birth date has been contested. Do not add without providing a reliably published source with a reputation for editorial oversight.-->
| office = [[List of nominated members of the Rajya Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| birth_place =Jalgaon, Maharashtra (India)
| term_start = 24 July 2025
| death_date =
| nominator = [[Droupadi Murmu]]
| death_place =
| constituency = [[List of nominated members of the Rajya Sabha|Nominated]] (Law)
| residence =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1953|03|30|df=y}}<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|date=2024-04-27|title=Who is Ujjwal Nikam, BJP's LS candidate and 26/11 prosecutor who used the controversial 'biryani' story to convict Ajmal Kasab?|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/who-is-ujjwal-nikam-bjps-ls-candidate-and-26/11-prosecutor-who-used-the-controversial-biryani-story-to-convict-ajmal-kasab/articleshow/109652098.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2024-04-28|work=The Economic Times|issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Jalgaon]], [[Bombay State]], India
| nationality = Indian
| nationality = Indian
| occupation = [[Lawyer]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| salary =
| occupation = Special public prosecutor
| known_for = Leading prosecutions in high-profile murder and terrorism cases
| spouse = Jyoti Nikam
| spouse = Jyoti Nikam
| children = 2
| children = [[Aniket Nikam]], Sharwari Nikam
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] (2016)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/rajinikanth-awarded-padma-vibhushan-padma-shri-for-priyanka-chopra-ajay-devgn/|title=Rajinikanth gets Padma Vibhushan; Padma Shri for Priyanka, Ajay Devgn|date=26 January 2016}}</ref>
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] (2016)
| website =
| predecessor = [[Mahesh Jethmalani]]
| imagesize =
| networth =
| yearsactive=
| othername =
}}
}}


'''Ujjwal Nikam'''<!--Birth date has been contested. Do not add without providing a reliably published source with a reputation for editorial oversight.--> is an [[India]]n special public prosecutor who has worked on prominent murder and terrorism cases. He helped prosecute suspects in the [[1993 Bombay bombings]], the [[Gulshan Kumar]] murder case, the [[Pramod Mahajan]] murder case, and the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]]. He was also the special public prosecutor in the [[2013 Mumbai gang rape|2013 Mumbai gang rape case]], [[2016 Kopardi rape and murder case]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/1893136/report-finish-photojournalist-rape-trial-in-60-days-ujjwal-nikam-told |title=Finish photojournalist rape trial in 60 days, Ujjwal Nikam told &#124; Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis |website=Dnaindia.com |date=2013-09-24 |access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/crime/How-Ujjwal-Nikam-sparked-missing-rape-suspect-rumours/articleshow/23117326.cms |title=How Ujjwal Nikam sparked missing rape suspect rumours |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |date=2013-09-27 |access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref> Ujjwal Nikam argued on behalf of the state during the 26/11 Mumbai attack trial.
'''Ujjwal Deorao Nikam''' (born 30 March 1953) is an Indian special public prosecutor who has worked on prominent murder and terrorism cases. He has been [[List of nominated members of the Rajya Sabha|nominated]] to the [[Rajya Sabha]] by the [[President of India]], representing the field of law in [[2025 Rajya Sabha elections|2025]]. He helped prosecute suspects in the [[1993 Bombay bombings]], the [[Gulshan Kumar]] murder case, the [[Pramod Mahajan]] murder case, and the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]]. He was also the special public prosecutor in the [[2013 Mumbai gang rape|2013 Mumbai gang rape case]], [[Kopardi gangrape and murder|2016 Kopardi rape and murder case]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/1893136/report-finish-photojournalist-rape-trial-in-60-days-ujjwal-nikam-told|title=Finish photojournalist rape trial in 60 days, Ujjwal Nikam told &#124; Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|website=Dnaindia.com|date=2013-09-24|access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/mumbai/crime/How-Ujjwal-Nikam-sparked-missing-rape-suspect-rumours/articleshow/23117326.cms|title=How Ujjwal Nikam sparked missing rape suspect rumours|newspaper=Mumbai Mirror|date=2013-09-27|access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref> Ujjwal Nikam argued on behalf of the state during the 26/11 Mumbai attack trial.


Nikam was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] by the [[Government of India]] in 2016.<ref name="dna">{{cite web | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-padma-awards-2016-declared-anupam-kher-rajinikanth-vinod-rai-sania-mirza-amongst-winners-2170091 | title=Padma awards 2016 declared: Anupam Kher, Rajinikanth, Vinod Rai, Sania Mirza honoured among others | work=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]] | date=25 January 2016 | access-date=29 July 2016}}</ref>
Nikam was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] by the [[Government of India]] in 2016.<ref name="dna">{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-padma-awards-2016-declared-anupam-kher-rajinikanth-vinod-rai-sania-mirza-amongst-winners-2170091|title=Padma awards 2016 declared: Anupam Kher, Rajinikanth, Vinod Rai, Sania Mirza honoured among others|work=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]]|date=25 January 2016|access-date=29 July 2016}}</ref>


He has been given a security detail with a classification of [[Security categories in India|Z+]], the second highest level of security in India.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Vijapurkar |first1=Mahesh |title=Ujjwal Nikam's phones stolen while his guards slept: Z-Plus security isn't all it's cracked up to be |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/ujjwal-nikams-phones-stolen-while-his-guards-slept-z-plus-security-isnt-all-its-cracked-up-to-be-3524503.html |magazine=[[First Post]] |date=June 6, 2017}}</ref>
He has been given a security detail with a classification of [[Security categories in India|Z+]], the second highest level of security in India.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Vijapurkar|first1=Mahesh|title=Ujjwal Nikam's phones stolen while his guards slept: Z-Plus security isn't all it's cracked up to be|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/ujjwal-nikams-phones-stolen-while-his-guards-slept-z-plus-security-isnt-all-its-cracked-up-to-be-3524503.html|magazine=[[First Post]]|date=6 June 2017}}</ref>
 
He was fielded by the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] from [[Mumbai North Central Lok Sabha constituency|Mumbai North Central]] candidate during the [[2024 Indian general election]], he lost by a margin of 16,514 votes (1.81%).<ref name="2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Mumbai North Central">{{cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results -  Mumbai North Central |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S1329.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250714042806/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S1329.htm |archive-date=14 July 2025 |access-date=14 July 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mumbai North Central Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024">{{cite news |date=4 June 2024 |title=Mumbai North Central Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/maharashtra/mumbai-north-central |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250714042757/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/maharashtra/mumbai-north-central |archive-date=14 July 2025 |access-date=14 July 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
 
He was nominated to the [[Rajya Sabha]] by the [[Droupadi Murmu]] in 2025 for recognition of his distinguished contributions in the field of law, particularly for his role as a [[Prosecutor|public prosecutor]] in several high-profile criminal and terrorism cases.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mumbai Blasts Lawyer, Ex Foreign Secretary Among 4 To Get Rajya Sabha Pass |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/ujjwal-nikam-harsh-vardhan-shringla-mumbai-blasts-lawyer-ex-foreign-secretary-among-4-to-get-rajya-sabha-pass-8867233 |access-date=2025-07-13 |website=www.ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name="President Murmu nominates four to Rajya Sabha, including former Foreign Secretary Shringla, 26/11 prosecutor Nikam">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |date=13 July 2025 |title=President Murmu nominates four to Rajya Sabha, including former Foreign Secretary Shringla, 26/11 prosecutor Nikam |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-foreign-secretary-shringla-ujjwal-nikam-c-sadanandan-master-and-meenakshi-jain-nominated-to-rajya-sabha/article69806580.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250713180529/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/former-foreign-secretary-shringla-ujjwal-nikam-c-sadanandan-master-and-meenakshi-jain-nominated-to-rajya-sabha/article69806580.ece |archive-date=13 July 2025 |access-date=13 July 2025 |publisher=The Hindu |language=en-IN}}</ref>


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
{{BLP unsourced section|date=January 2017}}
Nikam was born in [[Jalgaon]], [[Maharashtra]], to [[Marathi people|Marathi]] parents. His father, Deoraoji Nikam, was a judge and [[barrister]], and his mother was a homemaker.<ref name="auto"/>
Nikam was born in [[Jalgaon]], [[Maharashtra]], to [[Marathi people|Marathi]] parents. His father, Deoraoji Nikam, was a judge and [[barrister]], and his mother was a homemaker.
 
After receiving his [[Bachelor of Science]] degree, he earned a law degree from the K.C.E. Society's [[S.S. Maniyar Law College|S. S. Maniyar Law College]] in Jalgaon.<ref>{{Cite web|title=5 Facts on Ujjwal Nikam, BJP's Candidate For Mumbai North Central Seat|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/who-is-ujjwal-nikam-bjp-candidate-from-mumbai-north-central-seat-5537096|access-date=2024-04-28|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> His son, Aniket, is also a criminal lawyer in [[Bombay High Court|High Court Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-04-27|title=Meet Ujjwal Nikam, BJP Lok Sabha candidate who cooked up 'biryani' story to nail Ajmal Kasab|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/meet-ujjwal-nikam-bjp-lok-sabha-candidate-who-cooked-up-biryani-story-to-nail-ajmal-kasab-101714219227094.html|access-date=2024-04-28|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
 
== Personal life ==
Ujjwal Nikam has two children, [[Aniket Nikam]] and Sharvari Nikam.


After receiving his [[Bachelor of Science]] degree, he earned a law degree from the K.C.E. Society's [[S.S. Maniyar Law College|S. S. Maniyar Law College]] in Jalgaon. His son, Aniket, is also a criminal lawyer in High Court Mumbai.
* '''[[Aniket Nikam]]''':<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-09-16 |title=Bombay HC grants pre-arrest bail to 3 GRP cops accused in Rajasthan jeweller's extortion, assault case |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/bombay-hc-grants-pre-arrest-bail-to-3-grp-cops-accused-in-rajasthan-jewellers-extortion-assault-case/articleshow/123904840.cms |access-date=2025-10-28 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Like his father Ujjwal Nikam, Aniket is also a [[criminal lawyer]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-30 |title=Maharashtra: FIR filed after Congress post on X showing a BJP office in flames |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/maharashtra-unit-of-bjp-files-police-complaint-against-congress-post-on-x-10279014/ |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-16 |title=HC grants pre-arrest bail to 3 GRP personnel booked for extorting jeweller |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/mumbai-news/hc-grants-pre-arrest-bail-to-3-grp-personnel-booked-for-extorting-jeweller-101757962488363.html |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> who practices in the [[Bombay High Court]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vidya |date=2025-04-14 |title=Court grants bail in child sexual assault case, cites insufficient evidence |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/law-news/story/bombay-high-court-grants-bail-in-child-sexual-assault-case-cites-insufficient-evidence-2708527-2025-04-14 |access-date=2025-10-28 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Sharvari Nikam''': She is an HR professional, and online profiles list her as having studied at [[XLRI – Xavier School of Management|XLRI Jamshedpur]].


==Career==
==Career==
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=== Rape and murder cases ===
=== Rape and murder cases ===
*'''Murder of [[Gulshan Kumar]]''' (1997): Kumar, a [[Bollywood]] film producer, was shot on 12 August 1997 outside a temple in [[Andheri]]. Nineteen people were charged in the case, but all except one were acquitted in 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Gulshan-case-1-convicted-18-freed/articleshow/7872748.cms|title=Gulshan case: 1 convicted, 18 freed|date=2002-04-24|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Murder of [[Gulshan Kumar#Death|Gulshan Kumar]]''' (1997): Kumar, a [[Bollywood]] film producer, was shot on 12 August 1997 outside a temple in [[Andheri]]. Nineteen people were charged in the case, but all except one were acquitted in 2002.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Gulshan-case-1-convicted-18-freed/articleshow/7872748.cms|title=Gulshan case: 1 convicted, 18 freed|date=2002-04-24|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Marine Drive rape case''' (2005): Police constable Sunil More was convicted of raping a 15-year-old girl in a police station on [[Marine Drive, Mumbai|Marine Drive]] in Mumbai and sentenced to 12 years in prison.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/marine-drive-rape-case-sunil-atmaram-more-sentenced-to-12-years-imprisonment/1/181561.html|title=Marine Drive rape case: Sunil Atmaram More sentenced to 12 years imprisonment|last=Thakurdesai|first=Prerana|date=2006-04-17|work=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Marine Drive rape case''' (2005): Police constable Sunil More was convicted of raping a 15-year-old girl in a police station on [[Marine Drive, Mumbai|Marine Drive]] in Mumbai and sentenced to 12 years in prison.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/20060417-marine-drive-rape-case-sunil-atmaram-more-sentenced-to-12-years-imprisonment-783339-2006-04-16|title=Marine Drive rape case: Sunil Atmaram More sentenced to 12 years imprisonment|last=Thakurdesai|first=Prerana|date=2006-04-17|work=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''[[Khairlanji massacre]]''' (2006): A [[Dalit]] family was beaten and murdered in [[Khairlanji]], a small village in Maharashtra, on 29 September 2006 by a mob from the more powerful [[Kunbi]] caste. On 15 September 2008, six people were sentenced to death and two others given life imprisonment in the killings. The death sentences were later commuted to life in prison.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10627073|title=Death sentences dropped for mob murder of Dalit family|date=2010-07-14|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''[[Khairlanji massacre]]''' (2006): A [[Dalit]] family was beaten and murdered in [[Khairlanji]], a small village in Maharashtra, on 29 September 2006 by a mob from the more powerful [[Kunbi]] caste. On 15 September 2008, six people were sentenced to death and two others given life imprisonment in the killings. The death sentences were later commuted to life in prison.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/10627073|title=Death sentences dropped for mob murder of Dalit family|date=2010-07-14|publisher=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Murder of [[Pramod Mahajan]]''' (2006): Mahajan, a leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], was shot by his younger brother, Pravin Mahajan, after a family dispute on 22 April 2006. Pravin was sentenced to life in prison in December 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiaabroad.com/news/2007/dec/18mahajan1.htm|title=Pravin Mahajan sentenced to life term|date=2007-12-18|website=www.indiaabroad.com|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>  
*'''Murder of [[Pramod Mahajan#Death|Pramod Mahajan]]''' (2006): Mahajan, a leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], was shot by his younger brother, Pravin Mahajan, after a family dispute on 22 April 2006. Pravin was sentenced to life in prison in December 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiaabroad.com/news/2007/dec/18mahajan1.htm|title=Pravin Mahajan sentenced to life term|date=2007-12-18|website=indiaabroad.com|access-date=2017-01-13|archive-date=16 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116183745/http://www.indiaabroad.com/news/2007/dec/18mahajan1.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>  
*[[2013 Mumbai gang rape|'''Mumbai gang rape''']] (2013): In a verdict on 4 April 2014, three repeat offenders were sentenced to death for gang-raping a photojournalist at the Shakti Mills compound in Mumbai, and a fourth received a life term.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/shakti-mills-gang-rape-case-three-repeat-offenders-get-death-life-term-for-one_922196.html |title=Shakti Mills gang-rape case: Three repeat offenders get death, life term for one &#124; Zee News |website=Zeenews.india.com |date=2014-04-04 |access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref>
*[[2013 Mumbai gang rape|'''Shakti Mills gang rape''']] (2013): In a verdict on 4 April 2014, three repeat offenders were sentenced to death for gang-raping a photojournalist at the Shakti Mills compound in Mumbai, and a fourth received a life term.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/shakti-mills-gang-rape-case-three-repeat-offenders-get-death-life-term-for-one_922196.html|title=Shakti Mills gang-rape case: Three repeat offenders get death, life term for one &#124; Zee News|website=Zeenews.india.com|date=2014-04-04|access-date=2016-01-18}}</ref>
*'''Murder of Pallavi Purkayastha''' (2013): Purkayastha, a 25-year-old woman living in [[Wadala]], was fatally stabbed by a watchman in her building, Sajjad Moghul, after she resisted his attempts to rape her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/270651/pervert-watchman-murdered-pallavi-police.html|title='Pervert' watchman murdered Pallavi: Police|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> Moghul was sentenced to life in prison in July 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.patrika.com/news/pallavi-purkayastha-murder-case-life-sentence-to-guilty-watchman-sajjad-moghul/1016477|title=Pallavi Purkayastha murder case: life sentence to guilty watchman sajjad moghul|work=Patrika Group|access-date=7 July 2014}}</ref>
*'''Murder of Pallavi Purkayastha''' (2013): Purkayastha, a 25-year-old woman living in [[Wadala]], was fatally stabbed by a watchman in her building, Sajjad Moghul, after she resisted his attempts to rape her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/270651/pervert-watchman-murdered-pallavi-police.html|title='Pervert' watchman murdered Pallavi: Police|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> Moghul was sentenced to life in prison in July 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.patrika.com/news/pallavi-purkayastha-murder-case-life-sentence-to-guilty-watchman-sajjad-moghul/1016477|title=Pallavi Purkayastha murder case: life sentence to guilty watchman sajjad moghul|work=Patrika Group|access-date=7 July 2014}}</ref>
*'''Murder of Preeti Rathi''' (2013): Ankur Panwar was convicted and sentenced to death in September 2016 for killing Rathi, a 23-year-old woman, with acid on 2 May 2013 after she rejected his marriage proposal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/Preeti-Rathi-murder-case-convict-gets-death-sentence/article14628498.ece|title=Preeti Rathi murder case convict gets death sentence|date=2016-09-08|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Murder of Preeti Rathi''' (2013): Ankur Panwar was convicted and sentenced to death in September 2016 for killing Rathi, a 23-year-old woman, with acid on 2 May 2013 after she rejected his marriage proposal.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/Preeti-Rathi-murder-case-convict-gets-death-sentence/article14628498.ece|title=Preeti Rathi murder case convict gets death sentence|date=2016-09-08|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
*'''Kopardi rape and murder case''' (2016): In July 2016, a 15-year-old girl was gang-raped and strangled in the village of Kopardi, in the [[Ahmednagar district]] of Maharashtra. Nikam opened the trial against three defendants in local court on 19 October 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/7989186_Trial-in-Kopardi-rape-and-murder-case-begins.html|title=Trial in Kopardi rape and murder case begins|author=Staff Reporter|date=2016-10-20|newspaper=PTI News|language=En-GB|access-date=2016-10-20}}</ref> Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/kopardi-rape-and-murder-case-maharashtra-maratha-community/135103|title=Kopardi rape and murder case: Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts|date=November 29, 2017|work=TimesNow|access-date=2017-11-29}}</ref>
*'''[[Kopardi gangrape and murder|Kopardi rape and murder case]]''' (2016): In July 2016, a 15-year-old girl was gang-raped and strangled in the village of Kopardi, in the [[Ahmednagar district]] of Maharashtra. Nikam opened the trial against three defendants in local court on 19 October 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ptinews.com/news/7989186_Trial-in-Kopardi-rape-and-murder-case-begins.html|title=Trial in Kopardi rape and murder case begins|author=Staff Reporter|date=2016-10-20|newspaper=PTI News|language=En-GB|access-date=2016-10-20}}</ref> Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/kopardi-rape-and-murder-case-maharashtra-maratha-community/135103|title=Kopardi rape and murder case: Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts|date=29 November 2017|work=TimesNow|access-date=2017-11-29}}</ref>
*'''[[Pune techie murder case|Mohsin Shaikh's murder case]]''' (2014): On 2 June 2014, Mohsin Shaikh, an IT professional working as an IT manager in a private textile firm, was attacked and killed allegedly by the Hindu Rashtra Sena while he was returning from a prayer at Unnati Nagar. Shaikh's family sought Nikam's appointment as the [[public prosecutor]] in a letter to the [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]. Subsequently, he was made the special public prosecutor in the case by the [[Government of Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Mohsin Shaikh murder case: Family writes to CM, seeks appointment of Ujjwal Nikam as public prosecutor|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/mohsin-shaikh-murder-case-family-writes-to-cm-seeks-appointment-of-ujjwal-nikam-as-public-prosecutor-4488386/|access-date=12 June 2017|work=The Indian Express|date=24 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Another accused gets bail in Mohsin Shaikh murder case|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/another-accused-gets-bail-in-mohsin-shaikh-murder-case/articleshow/57437505.cms|access-date=12 June 2017|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
*'''[[Pune techie murder case|Mohsin Shaikh's murder case]]''' (2014): On 2 June 2014, Mohsin Shaikh, an IT professional working as an IT manager in a private textile firm, was attacked and killed allegedly by the Hindu Rashtra Sena while he was returning from a prayer at Unnati Nagar. Shaikh's family sought Nikam's appointment as the [[public prosecutor]] in a letter to the [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]]. Subsequently, he was made the special public prosecutor in the case by the [[Government of Maharashtra]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Mohsin Shaikh murder case: Family writes to CM, seeks appointment of Ujjwal Nikam as public prosecutor|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/mohsin-shaikh-murder-case-family-writes-to-cm-seeks-appointment-of-ujjwal-nikam-as-public-prosecutor-4488386/|access-date=12 June 2017|work=The Indian Express|date=24 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Another accused gets bail in Mohsin Shaikh murder case|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/another-accused-gets-bail-in-mohsin-shaikh-murder-case/articleshow/57437505.cms|access-date=12 June 2017|work=The Times of India}}</ref>


=== Terrorism cases ===
=== Terrorism cases ===
* '''1991 Kalyan bombing''': Ravinder Singh was convicted of bombing a railway station in [[Kalyan]] on 8 November 1991, killing 12 people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/1991-kalyan-station-blast-convict-who-jumped-parole-held-in-punjab-2979615/|title=1991 Kalyan Station Blast: Convict who jumped parole held in Punjab|date=2016-08-17|newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
* '''1991 Kalyan bombing''': Ravinder Singh was convicted of bombing a railway station in [[Kalyan]] on 8 November 1991, killing 12 people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/1991-kalyan-station-blast-convict-who-jumped-parole-held-in-punjab-2979615/|title=1991 Kalyan Station Blast: Convict who jumped parole held in Punjab|date=2016-08-17|newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
* '''[[1993 Bombay bombings]]''': A special court was set up in 2000 under the [[Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act]] to try suspects in the series of 13 explosions that took place in Bombay (now Mumbai) on 12 March 1993, killing 257 people in what was then India's worst terrorist attack.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/sep/13/india.randeepramesh|title=Underworld family guilty of 1993 Mumbai bombings|last=Ramesh|first=Randeep|date=2006-09-12|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> The trial lasted almost 14 years, and dozens of people were convicted.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/full-list-of-convicted-and-acquitted-in-1993-mumbai-blasts-case-53229.html|title=Full list of convicted and acquitted in 1993 Mumbai blasts case|work=India TV News|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>  
* '''[[1993 Bombay bombings]]''': A special court was set up in 2000 under the [[Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act]] to try suspects in the series of 13 explosions that took place in Bombay (now Mumbai) on 12 March 1993, killing 257 people in what was then India's worst terrorist attack.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/sep/13/india.randeepramesh|title=Underworld family guilty of 1993 Mumbai bombings|last=Ramesh|first=Randeep|date=2006-09-12|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> The trial lasted almost 14 years, and dozens of people were convicted.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/full-list-of-convicted-and-acquitted-in-1993-mumbai-blasts-case-53229.html|title=Full list of convicted and acquitted in 1993 Mumbai blasts case|work=India TV News|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>  
* [[25 August 2003 Mumbai bombings|'''2003 Gateway of India bombing''']]: Two car bombs went off in Mumbai on 25 August 2003, one at a jewelry market and the other at the [[Gateway of India]], a popular tourist attraction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/25/newsid_3921000/3921475.stm|title=BBC ON THIS DAY {{!}} 25 {{!}} 2003: Bombay rocked by twin car bombs|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> Three men were convicted and sentenced to death in August 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Three-get-death-for-Gateway-Zaveri-Bazar-blasts/articleshow/4865138.cms?|title=Three get death for Gateway, Zaveri Bazar blasts|date=2009-08-07|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
* [[25 August 2003 Mumbai bombings|'''2003 Gateway of India bombing''']]: Two car bombs went off in Mumbai on 25 August 2003, one at a jewelry market and the other at the [[Gateway of India]], a popular tourist attraction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/25/newsid_3921000/3921475.stm|title=BBC ON THIS DAY {{!}} 25 {{!}} 2003: Bombay rocked by twin car bombs|date=25 August 2003 |publisher=BBC News|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> Three men were convicted and sentenced to death in August 2009.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Three-get-death-for-Gateway-Zaveri-Bazar-blasts/articleshow/4865138.cms?|title=Three get death for Gateway, Zaveri Bazar blasts|date=2009-08-07|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
* '''[[2008 Mumbai attacks]]''': The three-day siege of Mumbai in November 2008—which targeted luxury hotels, a Jewish center, and other sites<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/27/world/asia/27mumbai.html|title=At Least 100 Dead in India Terror Attacks|last=Sengupta|first=Somini|date=2008-11-26|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>—left more than 160 people dead.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/11/20/world/asia/india-mumbai-execution/index.html|title=India executes last gunman from Mumbai attacks|last=Singh|first=Harmeet Shah|date=2012-11-21|website=CNN|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> [[Ajmal Kasab]], the only attacker captured alive by the police, was sentenced to death on 6 May 2010 and hanged on 21 November 2012.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://world.time.com/2012/11/21/kasabs-execution-after-hanging-2008-terrorist-what-lessons-has-india-learned/|title=Kasab’s Execution: After Hanging 2008 Terrorist, What Lessons Has India Learned?|last=Bhowmick|first=Nilanjana|date=2012-11-21|newspaper=Time|issn=0040-781X|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
* '''[[2008 Mumbai attacks]]''': The three-day siege of Mumbai in November 2008—which targeted luxury hotels, a Jewish center, and other sites<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/27/world/asia/27mumbai.html|title=At Least 100 Dead in India Terror Attacks|last=Sengupta|first=Somini|date=2008-11-26|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>—left more than 160 people dead.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/11/20/world/asia/india-mumbai-execution/index.html|title=India executes last gunman from Mumbai attacks|last=Singh|first=Harmeet Shah|date=2012-11-21|publisher=CNN|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> [[Ajmal Kasab]], the only attacker captured alive by the police, was sentenced to death on 6 May 2010 and hanged on 21 November 2012.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://world.time.com/2012/11/21/kasabs-execution-after-hanging-2008-terrorist-what-lessons-has-india-learned/|title=Kasab's Execution: After Hanging 2008 Terrorist, What Lessons Has India Learned?|last=Bhowmick|first=Nilanjana|date=2012-11-21|newspaper=Time|issn=0040-781X|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref>
In December 2010, Nikam represented the Government of India at a worldwide convention on terrorism held at the [[United Nations]] in New York.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/29/stories/2010112959911600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092944/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/29/stories/2010112959911600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 April 2014|title=Ujjwal Nikam to represent India at convention on terrorism in U.N.|date=29 Nov 2012|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=10 Feb 2012}}</ref>
In December 2010, Nikam represented the Government of India at a worldwide convention on terrorism held at the [[United Nations]] in New York.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/29/stories/2010112959911600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092944/http://www.hindu.com/2010/11/29/stories/2010112959911600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 April 2014|title=Ujjwal Nikam to represent India at convention on terrorism in U.N.|date=29 November 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=10 February 2012}}</ref>


==In popular culture==
==In popular culture==
In 2017, Nikam's life story was made into a film, ''[[Aadesh - Power of Law]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/irrfan-khan-priyanshu-chatterjee-to-work-in-film-on-abu-salem/story-2aVKHYqxippNcX2GSKSqcM.html | title=Irrfan Khan, Priyanshu Chatterjee to work in film on Abu Salem | access-date=24 August 2020}}</ref>
In 2017, Nikam's life story was made into a film, ''[[Aadesh - Power of Law]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/irrfan-khan-priyanshu-chatterjee-to-work-in-film-on-abu-salem/story-2aVKHYqxippNcX2GSKSqcM.html|title=Irrfan Khan, Priyanshu Chatterjee to work in film on Abu Salem|work=Hindustan Times |date=8 May 2016 |access-date=24 August 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Public Affairs}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Public Affairs}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Nikam, Ujjwal}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nikam, Ujjwal}}
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[[Category:People from Jalgaon]]
[[Category:People from Jalgaon]]
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[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in public affairs]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in public affairs]]
[[Category:Indian prosecutors]]
[[Category:Indian prosecutors]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 19 January 2026


Ujjwal Deorao Nikam
Ujjwal Nikam in 2014
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
Assumed office
24 July 2025
Nominated byDroupadi Murmu
Preceded byMahesh Jethmalani
ConstituencyNominated (Law)
Personal details
Born (1953-03-30) 30 March 1953 (age 73)[1]
Jalgaon, Bombay State, India
NationalityIndian
Political partyBharatiya Janata Party
Spouse(s)Jyoti Nikam
ChildrenAniket Nikam, Sharwari Nikam
OccupationSpecial public prosecutor
Known forLeading prosecutions in high-profile murder and terrorism cases
AwardsPadma Shri (2016)

Ujjwal Deorao Nikam (born 30 March 1953) is an Indian special public prosecutor who has worked on prominent murder and terrorism cases. He has been nominated to the Rajya Sabha by the President of India, representing the field of law in 2025. He helped prosecute suspects in the 1993 Bombay bombings, the Gulshan Kumar murder case, the Pramod Mahajan murder case, and the 2008 Mumbai attacks. He was also the special public prosecutor in the 2013 Mumbai gang rape case, 2016 Kopardi rape and murder case.[2][3] Ujjwal Nikam argued on behalf of the state during the 26/11 Mumbai attack trial.

Nikam was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2016.[4]

He has been given a security detail with a classification of Z+, the second highest level of security in India.[5]

He was fielded by the Bharatiya Janata Party from Mumbai North Central candidate during the 2024 Indian general election, he lost by a margin of 16,514 votes (1.81%).[6][7]

He was nominated to the Rajya Sabha by the Droupadi Murmu in 2025 for recognition of his distinguished contributions in the field of law, particularly for his role as a public prosecutor in several high-profile criminal and terrorism cases.[8][9]

Early life and education[edit | edit source]

Nikam was born in Jalgaon, Maharashtra, to Marathi parents. His father, Deoraoji Nikam, was a judge and barrister, and his mother was a homemaker.[1]

After receiving his Bachelor of Science degree, he earned a law degree from the K.C.E. Society's S. S. Maniyar Law College in Jalgaon.[10] His son, Aniket, is also a criminal lawyer in High Court Mumbai.[11]

Personal life[edit | edit source]

Ujjwal Nikam has two children, Aniket Nikam and Sharvari Nikam.

Career[edit | edit source]

Nikam began his career as a district prosecutor in Jalgaon and worked his way up to state and national trials. In a 30-year career, he has secured 628 life imprisonments and 37 death penalties.

Rape and murder cases[edit | edit source]

  • Murder of Gulshan Kumar (1997): Kumar, a Bollywood film producer, was shot on 12 August 1997 outside a temple in Andheri. Nineteen people were charged in the case, but all except one were acquitted in 2002.[16]
  • Marine Drive rape case (2005): Police constable Sunil More was convicted of raping a 15-year-old girl in a police station on Marine Drive in Mumbai and sentenced to 12 years in prison.[17]
  • Khairlanji massacre (2006): A Dalit family was beaten and murdered in Khairlanji, a small village in Maharashtra, on 29 September 2006 by a mob from the more powerful Kunbi caste. On 15 September 2008, six people were sentenced to death and two others given life imprisonment in the killings. The death sentences were later commuted to life in prison.[18]
  • Murder of Pramod Mahajan (2006): Mahajan, a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, was shot by his younger brother, Pravin Mahajan, after a family dispute on 22 April 2006. Pravin was sentenced to life in prison in December 2007.[19]
  • Shakti Mills gang rape (2013): In a verdict on 4 April 2014, three repeat offenders were sentenced to death for gang-raping a photojournalist at the Shakti Mills compound in Mumbai, and a fourth received a life term.[20]
  • Murder of Pallavi Purkayastha (2013): Purkayastha, a 25-year-old woman living in Wadala, was fatally stabbed by a watchman in her building, Sajjad Moghul, after she resisted his attempts to rape her.[21] Moghul was sentenced to life in prison in July 2014.[22]
  • Murder of Preeti Rathi (2013): Ankur Panwar was convicted and sentenced to death in September 2016 for killing Rathi, a 23-year-old woman, with acid on 2 May 2013 after she rejected his marriage proposal.[23]
  • Kopardi rape and murder case (2016): In July 2016, a 15-year-old girl was gang-raped and strangled in the village of Kopardi, in the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra. Nikam opened the trial against three defendants in local court on 19 October 2016.[24] Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts.[25]
  • Mohsin Shaikh's murder case (2014): On 2 June 2014, Mohsin Shaikh, an IT professional working as an IT manager in a private textile firm, was attacked and killed allegedly by the Hindu Rashtra Sena while he was returning from a prayer at Unnati Nagar. Shaikh's family sought Nikam's appointment as the public prosecutor in a letter to the Chief Minister of Maharashtra Devendra Fadnavis. Subsequently, he was made the special public prosecutor in the case by the Government of Maharashtra.[26][27]

Terrorism cases[edit | edit source]

  • 1991 Kalyan bombing: Ravinder Singh was convicted of bombing a railway station in Kalyan on 8 November 1991, killing 12 people.[28]
  • 1993 Bombay bombings: A special court was set up in 2000 under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act to try suspects in the series of 13 explosions that took place in Bombay (now Mumbai) on 12 March 1993, killing 257 people in what was then India's worst terrorist attack.[29] The trial lasted almost 14 years, and dozens of people were convicted.[30]
  • 2003 Gateway of India bombing: Two car bombs went off in Mumbai on 25 August 2003, one at a jewelry market and the other at the Gateway of India, a popular tourist attraction.[31] Three men were convicted and sentenced to death in August 2009.[32]
  • 2008 Mumbai attacks: The three-day siege of Mumbai in November 2008—which targeted luxury hotels, a Jewish center, and other sites[33]—left more than 160 people dead.[34] Ajmal Kasab, the only attacker captured alive by the police, was sentenced to death on 6 May 2010 and hanged on 21 November 2012.[34][35]

In December 2010, Nikam represented the Government of India at a worldwide convention on terrorism held at the United Nations in New York.[36]

In popular culture[edit | edit source]

In 2017, Nikam's life story was made into a film, Aadesh - Power of Law.[37]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Who is Ujjwal Nikam, BJP's LS candidate and 26/11 prosecutor who used the controversial 'biryani' story to convict Ajmal Kasab?". The Economic Times. 27 April 2024. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  2. ↑ "Finish photojournalist rape trial in 60 days, Ujjwal Nikam told | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. 24 September 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  3. ↑ "How Ujjwal Nikam sparked missing rape suspect rumours". Mumbai Mirror. 27 September 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  4. ↑ "Padma awards 2016 declared: Anupam Kher, Rajinikanth, Vinod Rai, Sania Mirza honoured among others". DNA. 25 January 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  5. ↑ Vijapurkar, Mahesh (6 June 2017). "Ujjwal Nikam's phones stolen while his guards slept: Z-Plus security isn't all it's cracked up to be". First Post.
  6. ↑ "2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Mumbai North Central". Election Commission of India. 4 June 2024. Archived from the original on 14 July 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2025.
  7. ↑ "Mumbai North Central Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024". The Times of India. 4 June 2024. Archived from the original on 14 July 2025. Retrieved 14 July 2025.
  8. ↑ "Mumbai Blasts Lawyer, Ex Foreign Secretary Among 4 To Get Rajya Sabha Pass". www.ndtv.com. Retrieved 13 July 2025.
  9. ↑ "President Murmu nominates four to Rajya Sabha, including former Foreign Secretary Shringla, 26/11 prosecutor Nikam". The Hindu. 13 July 2025. Archived from the original on 13 July 2025. Retrieved 13 July 2025.
  10. ↑ "5 Facts on Ujjwal Nikam, BJP's Candidate For Mumbai North Central Seat". NDTV.com. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  11. ↑ "Meet Ujjwal Nikam, BJP Lok Sabha candidate who cooked up 'biryani' story to nail Ajmal Kasab". Hindustan Times. 27 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  12. ↑ "Bombay HC grants pre-arrest bail to 3 GRP cops accused in Rajasthan jeweller's extortion, assault case". The Times of India. 16 September 2025. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
  13. ↑ "Maharashtra: FIR filed after Congress post on X showing a BJP office in flames". The Indian Express. 30 September 2025. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
  14. ↑ "HC grants pre-arrest bail to 3 GRP personnel booked for extorting jeweller". Hindustan Times. 16 September 2025. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
  15. ↑ Vidya (14 April 2025). "Court grants bail in child sexual assault case, cites insufficient evidence". India Today. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
  16. ↑ "Gulshan case: 1 convicted, 18 freed". The Times of India. 24 April 2002. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  17. ↑ Thakurdesai, Prerana (17 April 2006). "Marine Drive rape case: Sunil Atmaram More sentenced to 12 years imprisonment". The Times of India. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  18. ↑ "Death sentences dropped for mob murder of Dalit family". BBC News. 14 July 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  19. ↑ "Pravin Mahajan sentenced to life term". indiaabroad.com. 18 December 2007. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  20. ↑ "Shakti Mills gang-rape case: Three repeat offenders get death, life term for one | Zee News". Zeenews.india.com. 4 April 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
  21. ↑ "'Pervert' watchman murdered Pallavi: Police". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  22. ↑ "Pallavi Purkayastha murder case: life sentence to guilty watchman sajjad moghul". Patrika Group. Retrieved 7 July 2014.
  23. ↑ "Preeti Rathi murder case convict gets death sentence". The Hindu. 8 September 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  24. ↑ Staff Reporter (20 October 2016). "Trial in Kopardi rape and murder case begins". PTI News. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
  25. ↑ "Kopardi rape and murder case: Sessions court awards death sentence to all 3 convicts". TimesNow. 29 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
  26. ↑ "Mohsin Shaikh murder case: Family writes to CM, seeks appointment of Ujjwal Nikam as public prosecutor". The Indian Express. 24 January 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  27. ↑ "Another accused gets bail in Mohsin Shaikh murder case". The Times of India. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  28. ↑ "1991 Kalyan Station Blast: Convict who jumped parole held in Punjab". The Indian Express. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  29. ↑ Ramesh, Randeep (12 September 2006). "Underworld family guilty of 1993 Mumbai bombings". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  30. ↑ "Full list of convicted and acquitted in 1993 Mumbai blasts case". India TV News. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  31. ↑ "BBC ON THIS DAY | 25 | 2003: Bombay rocked by twin car bombs". BBC News. 25 August 2003. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  32. ↑ "Three get death for Gateway, Zaveri Bazar blasts". The Times of India. 7 August 2009. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  33. ↑ Sengupta, Somini (26 November 2008). "At Least 100 Dead in India Terror Attacks". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Singh, Harmeet Shah (21 November 2012). "India executes last gunman from Mumbai attacks". CNN. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  35. ↑ Bhowmick, Nilanjana (21 November 2012). "Kasab's Execution: After Hanging 2008 Terrorist, What Lessons Has India Learned?". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  36. ↑ "Ujjwal Nikam to represent India at convention on terrorism in U.N." The Hindu. 29 November 2012. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
  37. ↑ "Irrfan Khan, Priyanshu Chatterjee to work in film on Abu Salem". Hindustan Times. 8 May 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
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