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{{Short description|Christianity in Indian state}} | |||
[[File:Sacred heart church hamirpur rourkela out old.jpg|thumb|220px|[[Sacred Heart Cathedral, Rourkela|The Cathedral Of The Sacred Heart]] is a Roman Catholic cathedral belonging to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Rourkela and one of the oldest church buildings in [[Rourkela]].]] | |||
Followers of [[Christianity]] are a significant minority in [[Odisha]] state of [[India]]. According to the 2011 Census, Christians make up about 2.77% of the population (about 1,160,000 people).<ref name="religion2">{{cite web|publisher=Census Department, Government of India|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html|title=Indian Census 2011|access-date=25 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913045700/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01.html|archive-date=13 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Kurukh people|Kurukh]], [[Sora people|Sora]], [[Kharia people|Kharia]] and [[Pano (caste)|Pano]]s are notable ethnic groups with a significant Christian population. | |||
[[ | |||
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www. | == History == | ||
{{Expand section|date=November 2024}} | |||
== Bible translations into Odia == | ===Bible translations into Odia=== | ||
The first version in the [[Odia language]] of India<ref>Subhakanta Behera ''Construction of an identity discourse: Oriya literature and the ...'' 2002 - this work misspells Carey from Odia script back into English as "William Kerry"</ref> was translated by [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]] in 1808 and was distributed among pilgrims at [[Puri]] to introduce them to Christianity. Then came the standard version by [[Amos Sutton]] in the 1840s.<ref>Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions - Page 652 | The first version in the [[Odia language]] of India<ref>Subhakanta Behera ''Construction of an identity discourse: Oriya literature and the ...'' 2002 - this work misspells Carey from Odia script back into English as "William Kerry"</ref> was translated by [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]] in 1808 and was distributed among pilgrims at [[Puri]] to introduce them to Christianity. Then came the standard version by [[Amos Sutton]] in the 1840s.<ref>Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions - Page 652 | ||
Gerald H. Anderson - 1999 The first Odia conversion was recorded in 1828. Sutton devoted himself to grammatical work on the Odia language and Bible translation. In 1841 he began training the first three Odia evangelists at Cuttack. By 1846 there were eight students"</ref> | Gerald H. Anderson - 1999 The first Odia conversion was recorded in 1828. Sutton devoted himself to grammatical work on the Odia language and Bible translation. In 1841 he began training the first three Odia evangelists at Cuttack. By 1846 there were eight students"</ref> | ||
== | ==Demographics== | ||
{{Historical population | |||
|title = Christianity in Odisha | |||
|source = <ref name=2022OdishaRel>{{Cite web |title=C-01: Population by religious community (2011) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11387/download/14500/DDW21C-01%20MDDS.XLS |access-date=Sep 9, 2024 |website=Census India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=C-01: Population by religious community (2001) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21483/download/24615/PC01_C01_21.xls |access-date=Sep 9, 2024 |website=Census India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=C-9 Religion (1991) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/35737/download/39400/1991-C09T-0100.xlsx |access-date=Sep 9, 2024 |website=Census India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Portrait of Population - Census 1981 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/31509/download/34690/52213_1981_POR.pdf |access-date=Sep 12, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Census Atlas, Vol-XII-Part IX-A, Orissa - Census 1961 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28452/download/31634/21487_1961_CEN.pdf |access-date=Sep 13, 2024 |website=Census India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=General Population, Social and Cultural and Land Tables, Part II-A, Tables, Volume-XI, Orissa - Census 1951 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/30727/download/33908/45683_1971_GPS.pdf |access-date=Sep 13, 2024 |website=Census India}}</ref> | |||
| 1951 | 141,934 | |||
| 1961 | 201,017 | |||
| 1971 | 378,888 | |||
| 1981 | 480,426 | |||
| 1991 | 666,220 | |||
| 2001 | 897,861 | |||
| 2011 | 1,161,708}} | |||
{{Pie chart | |||
|caption= Christianity among social group of Odisha, 2011 census<ref name=2022OdishaRel/><ref name=STReligionOD/> | |||
|value1 = 70.33 | |||
|label1 = [[List of Scheduled Tribes in Odisha|Scheduled Tribes]] | |||
|color1= dodgerblue | |||
|other = yes | |||
|other-label = General (incl. converted [[Scheduled Castes]]) population | |||
|other-color = gold | |||
}} | |||
The Christians are mostly from the adivasi or tribal communities of the state with {{number and percent|816981|1161708|2}} Christians among STs. The major tribes are as below with number of Christians and percentage of Christians in each tribe.<ref name=STReligionOD>{{cite web |title=ST-14 Scheduled Tribe Population By Religious Community - Odisha |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11909/download/15022/ST-21-00-014-DDW-2011.XLS |website=census.gov.in |access-date=12 February 2020}}</ref> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
{|class="wikitable | |- | ||
| | ! Tribe | ||
! | ! Christians | ||
! Percent | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | [[Munda people|Munda]] | ||
| 1,74,119 | |||
| 31.1% | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | [[Khonds|Khond]] | ||
| 1,59,783 | |||
| 9.8% | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Kurukh people|Oraon]] | |||
| 1,49,866 | |||
| 41.8% | |||
|- | |||
| [[Sora people|Soura]] | |||
| 1,36,369 | |||
| 25.5% | |||
|- | |||
| [[Kharia people|Kharia]] | |||
| 87,069 | |||
| 39.1% | |||
|- | |||
| [[Sabar people|Sabar]] | |||
| 37,933 | |||
| 7.3% | |||
|- | |||
| [[Kisan people|Kisan]] | |||
| 25,675 | |||
| 7.7% | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Places with the largest proportions=== | === Places with the largest proportions === | ||
The figures indicate | The figures indicate percentage of Christians within the districts:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW21C-01%20MDDS.XLS Census India 2011]</ref>{{Deadlink|date=April 2025}} | ||
* [[Gajapati District|Gajapati]] | * [[Gajapati District|Gajapati]] | ||
** [[Serango]]– 84% | ** [[Serango]]– 84% | ||
** [[Adava]]– 75% | ** [[Adava]]– 75% | ||
** [[R.Udayagiri]]– 50% | ** [[R.Udayagiri]]– 50% | ||
** [[Damadua]]- 70% | |||
** [[Aligonda]]- 90% | |||
* [[Kandhamal District|Kandhamal]] | * [[Kandhamal District|Kandhamal]] | ||
** | ** Brahmanigaon– 72% | ||
** [[Daringbadi]]– 64% | ** [[Daringbadi]]– 64% | ||
** | ** Kotagarh– 58% | ||
* [[Sundargarh District|Sundargarh]] | * [[Sundargarh District|Sundargarh]] | ||
** | ** Raiboga– 62% | ||
* [[Rayagada District|Rayagada]] | * [[Rayagada District|Rayagada]] | ||
** | ** Puttasing– 80% | ||
** [[Chandrapur]]– 51% | ** [[Chandrapur]]– 51% | ||
== | == Denominations == | ||
[[Church of God (Anderson)]], [[Evangelical Missionary Society in Mayurbhanj]] and [[Jeypore Evangelical Lutheran Church]] are among the Protestant denominations of Odisha.<ref>World Christian Encyclopedia, Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 369</ref> Christ Church the full Gospel Church, Gospel Outreach Ministries, India Evangelistic Association, [[Orissa Baptist Evangelistic Crusade]] and [[The Pentecostal Mission]] are among the non-Catholic denominations of Odisha as well.<ref>World Christian Encyclopedia, Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 369-370</ref> | |||
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2008/08/26/christians-attacked-throughout-orissa-state-north-india/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-05-29 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120722064642/http://www.anglican-mainstream.net/2008/08/26/christians-attacked-throughout-orissa-state-north-india/ |archivedate=2012-07-22 }}</ref> | |||
</ref> | The [[Church of North India]] is present in Odisha as well with the | ||
dioceses of [[Cuttack]], [[Phulbani]], and [[Sambalpur]]. The diocese of [[Chota Nagpur Division|Chota Nagpur]] also serves a small part of | |||
Odisha.<ref name="coni">{{Cite web | |||
| title = The Dioceses - The Church of North India | |||
| publisher = The Church of North India | |||
| url = http://www.cnisynod.org/tehdisc.aspx | |||
| accessdate = 2011-04-02 | |||
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100619064902/http://www.cnisynod.org/tehdisc.aspx | |||
| archive-date = 2010-06-19 | |||
| url-status = dead | |||
}}</ref> | |||
== Roman Catholic Church == | |||
| | The archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar]] is Archbishop [[John Barwa]]. | ||
Its suffragan dioceses are: | |||
* [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Balasore|Balasore]] | |||
| | * [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Berhampur|Berhampur]] | ||
* [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rourkela|Rourkela]] | |||
| | * [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Sambalpur|Sambalpur]] | ||
| | * [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Rayagada|Rayagada]] | ||
| | |||
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== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Christianity in India]] | * [[Christianity in India]] | ||
*[[Christian Revival Church]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Latest revision as of 00:04, 12 August 2025
Followers of Christianity are a significant minority in Odisha state of India. According to the 2011 Census, Christians make up about 2.77% of the population (about 1,160,000 people).[1] Kurukh, Sora, Kharia and Panos are notable ethnic groups with a significant Christian population.
History[edit | edit source]
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2024) |
Bible translations into Odia[edit | edit source]
The first version in the Odia language of India[2] was translated by William Carey in 1808 and was distributed among pilgrims at Puri to introduce them to Christianity. Then came the standard version by Amos Sutton in the 1840s.[3]
Demographics[edit | edit source]
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1951 | 141,934 | — |
| 1961 | 201,017 | +41.6% |
| 1971 | 378,888 | +88.5% |
| 1981 | 480,426 | +26.8% |
| 1991 | 666,220 | +38.7% |
| 2001 | 897,861 | +34.8% |
| 2011 | 1,161,708 | +29.4% |
| Source: [4][5][6][7][8][9] | ||
Christianity among social group of Odisha, 2011 census[4][10]
Scheduled Tribes (70.33%)
Other (29.67%)
The Christians are mostly from the adivasi or tribal communities of the state with Template:Number and percent Christians among STs. The major tribes are as below with number of Christians and percentage of Christians in each tribe.[10]
| Tribe | Christians | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Munda | 1,74,119 | 31.1% |
| Khond | 1,59,783 | 9.8% |
| Oraon | 1,49,866 | 41.8% |
| Soura | 1,36,369 | 25.5% |
| Kharia | 87,069 | 39.1% |
| Sabar | 37,933 | 7.3% |
| Kisan | 25,675 | 7.7% |
Places with the largest proportions[edit | edit source]
The figures indicate percentage of Christians within the districts:[11][dead link]
- Kandhamal
- Brahmanigaon– 72%
- Daringbadi– 64%
- Kotagarh– 58%
- Sundargarh
- Raiboga– 62%
- Rayagada
- Puttasing– 80%
- Chandrapur– 51%
Denominations[edit | edit source]
Church of God (Anderson), Evangelical Missionary Society in Mayurbhanj and Jeypore Evangelical Lutheran Church are among the Protestant denominations of Odisha.[12] Christ Church the full Gospel Church, Gospel Outreach Ministries, India Evangelistic Association, Orissa Baptist Evangelistic Crusade and The Pentecostal Mission are among the non-Catholic denominations of Odisha as well.[13] [14] The Church of North India is present in Odisha as well with the dioceses of Cuttack, Phulbani, and Sambalpur. The diocese of Chota Nagpur also serves a small part of Odisha.[15]
Roman Catholic Church[edit | edit source]
The archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuttack-Bhubaneswar is Archbishop John Barwa. Its suffragan dioceses are:
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Indian Census 2011". Census Department, Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
- ↑ Subhakanta Behera Construction of an identity discourse: Oriya literature and the ... 2002 - this work misspells Carey from Odia script back into English as "William Kerry"
- ↑ Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions - Page 652 Gerald H. Anderson - 1999 The first Odia conversion was recorded in 1828. Sutton devoted himself to grammatical work on the Odia language and Bible translation. In 1841 he began training the first three Odia evangelists at Cuttack. By 1846 there were eight students"
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "C-01: Population by religious community (2011)". Census India. Retrieved Sep 9, 2024.
- ↑ "C-01: Population by religious community (2001)". Census India. Retrieved Sep 9, 2024.
- ↑ "C-9 Religion (1991)". Census India. Retrieved Sep 9, 2024.
- ↑ "Portrait of Population - Census 1981" (PDF). Retrieved Sep 12, 2024.
- ↑ "Census Atlas, Vol-XII-Part IX-A, Orissa - Census 1961" (PDF). Census India. Retrieved Sep 13, 2024.
- ↑ "General Population, Social and Cultural and Land Tables, Part II-A, Tables, Volume-XI, Orissa - Census 1951" (PDF). Census India. Retrieved Sep 13, 2024.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "ST-14 Scheduled Tribe Population By Religious Community - Odisha". census.gov.in. Retrieved 12 February 2020.
- ↑ Census India 2011
- ↑ World Christian Encyclopedia, Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 369
- ↑ World Christian Encyclopedia, Second edition, 2001 Volume 1, p. 369-370
- ↑ "Archived copy". Retrieved 2012-05-29.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ↑ "The Dioceses - The Church of North India". The Church of North India. Archived from the original on 2010-06-19. Retrieved 2011-04-02.