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{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}} | ||
'''Arohana''', '''''' or '''''', in the context of [[Indian classical music]], is the ascending [[Musical scale|scale]] of notes in a [[raga]].<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, ''Glossary'' pages, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> The pitch increases as we go up from Shadja (Sa) to the Taar Shadja (Sa), possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner. | '''Arohana''', '''arohanam''', '''aroh''' or '''aroha''', in the context of [[Indian classical music]], is the ascending [[Musical scale|scale]] of notes in a [[raga]].<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, ''Glossary'' pages, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> The pitch increases as we go up from Shadja (Sa) to the Taar Shadja (Sa), possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner. | ||
It contrasts with an '''avarohana''', '''avarohanam''' or '''avaroha''' the descending scale of any raga.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, ''Glossary'' pages, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> The notes descend in pitch from the upper tonic (taar shadja or Sa) down to the lower tonic, possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner. | |||
==Scale== | ==Scale== | ||
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==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
===For arohana=== | |||
In [[Multani (raga)|Multani]], the aroha is 'N S g M P N S' (lowercase notes are the lower forms, while uppercase notes are the higher forms, and an apostrophe preceding or following a note denotes the lower or higher octave respectively – see [[swara]]). | |||
In [[Dheerasankarabharanam|Sankarabharanam]] ragam (29th [[Melakarta]] in 72 parent ragam scheme of [[Carnatic music]]) the Arohana is ''S R2 G3 M1 P D2 N3 S''.<ref name="ragas" /> See [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|swaras in Carnatic music]] for explanation of notation. | |||
In [[Abhogi]] ragam, which is a [[janya]] ragam of 22nd melakarta [[Kharaharapriya]], the Arohana is ''S R2 G2 M1 D2 S''.<ref name="ragas" /> In this ragam certain notes are excluded so the raga is totally changed. | |||
In [[ | ===For avarohana=== | ||
In raga [[Darbari]], an [[Asavari]]-[[That (music)|thaat]] raga with [[Vadi (music)|vadi]]-[[samvadi]] R-P, the avroha is R' n S' d~ n P, m P g~ m R S, with [[Andolan (music)|andolan]] on the dhaivat and gandhar. | |||
In [[ | In [[Malahari]], which is ''[[janya]]'' raga of 15th ''[[melakarta]]'' [[Mayamalavagowla]], the avarohana is ''S D1 P M1 G2 R1 S''.<ref name="ragas" /> See [[Swara#Svaras in Carnatic music|swaras in Carnatic music]] for description of this notation. | ||
In [[ | In [[Sahana (raga)|Sahana]], a ''janya'' raga of 28th ''melakarta'' [[Harikambhoji]], the Avarohana is ''S N2 D2 P M1 G3 M1 R2 G3 R2 S''.<ref name="ragas" /> This raga in its avarohana has the notes jumping from one to another (a bit like Dattu). This changes the whole feel of the raga, making Sahana a beautiful raga to listen to. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 00:09, 4 December 2025
 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (September 2019) |
| Indian classical music |
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| Concepts |
Arohana, arohanam, aroh or aroha, in the context of Indian classical music, is the ascending scale of notes in a raga.[1] The pitch increases as we go up from Shadja (Sa) to the Taar Shadja (Sa), possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.
It contrasts with an avarohana, avarohanam or avaroha the descending scale of any raga.[1] The notes descend in pitch from the upper tonic (taar shadja or Sa) down to the lower tonic, possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.
Scale[edit | edit source]
In Hindustani classical music, the ascending scale's notes are S R G M P D and N. Lower forms of notes are written in lower case, like r g m d n (S and P are fixed notes), while the first scale given above is that of higher form of the notes. The English notes C D E F G A and B correspond to S R G M P D and N, when C is taken as the tonal note (S is sung at C).
In Carnatic music, the ascending scale's notes for the variant notes R G M D and N have a subscript number indicating the specific variant (see examples below).
Examples[edit | edit source]
For arohana[edit | edit source]
In Multani, the aroha is 'N S g M P N S' (lowercase notes are the lower forms, while uppercase notes are the higher forms, and an apostrophe preceding or following a note denotes the lower or higher octave respectively – see swara).
In Sankarabharanam ragam (29th Melakarta in 72 parent ragam scheme of Carnatic music) the Arohana is S R2 G3 M1 P D2 N3 S.[1] See swaras in Carnatic music for explanation of notation.
In Abhogi ragam, which is a janya ragam of 22nd melakarta Kharaharapriya, the Arohana is S R2 G2 M1 D2 S.[1] In this ragam certain notes are excluded so the raga is totally changed.
For avarohana[edit | edit source]
In raga Darbari, an Asavari-thaat raga with vadi-samvadi R-P, the avroha is R' n S' d~ n P, m P g~ m R S, with andolan on the dhaivat and gandhar.
In Malahari, which is janya raga of 15th melakarta Mayamalavagowla, the avarohana is S D1 P M1 G2 R1 S.[1] See swaras in Carnatic music for description of this notation.
In Sahana, a janya raga of 28th melakarta Harikambhoji, the Avarohana is S N2 D2 P M1 G3 M1 R2 G3 R2 S.[1] This raga in its avarohana has the notes jumping from one to another (a bit like Dattu). This changes the whole feel of the raga, making Sahana a beautiful raga to listen to.