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{{short description|Indian writer}}
{{short description|Indian writer (1929–2010)}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]] -->
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox Writer/doc]] -->
| name              = Purushottama Lal
| name              = Purushottama Lal
| image            = PurushottamaLalPic.jpg
| image            = Purushottama Lal in 2000.jpg
| birth_date        = {{Birth date|df=yes|1929|08|28}}
| birth_date        = {{Birth date|df=yes|1929|08|28}}
| birth_place      = Kapurthala, Punjab.British India
| birth_place      = Kapurthala, Punjab. British India
| death_date        = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|11|3|1929|08|28}}
| death_date        = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|11|3|1929|08|28}}
| death_place      = Kolkata, India
| death_place      = Kolkata, India
Line 20: Line 20:
| children          = [[Ananda Lal]], [[Srimati Lal]]  
| children          = [[Ananda Lal]], [[Srimati Lal]]  
| awards            = [[Padma Shri]], Honorary Doctorate of Letters, [[Western Maryland College]]  
| awards            = [[Padma Shri]], Honorary Doctorate of Letters, [[Western Maryland College]]  
| website          = {{url|http://writersworkshopindia.com/}}
| website          = {{URL|http://writersworkshopindia.com/}}
}}
}}


'''Purushottama Lal''' (28 August 1929 – 3 November 2010), commonly known as '''P. Lal''', was an Indian poet, essayist, translator, professor and publisher. He was the founder of publishing firm [[Writers Workshop]] in [[Calcutta]], established in 1958.<ref>[http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101104/jsp/calcutta/story_13137450.jsp#1 The City Diary]</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.economist.com/node/17460366?fsrc=scn/fb/wl/ar/plal| title = P. Lal {{!}} The Economist}} </ref>
'''Purushottama Lal''' (28 August 1929 – 3 November 2010), commonly known as '''P. Lal''', was an Indian poet, author, translator, professor and publisher. He was the founder of publishing firm [[Writers Workshop (publisher)|Writers Workshop]] in [[Calcutta]], established in 1958.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101107062621/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101104/jsp/calcutta/story_13137450.jsp#1 The City Diary]</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.economist.com/obituary/2010/11/11/p-lal| title = P. Lal {{!}} The Economist| newspaper = The Economist}}</ref>


==Life and education==
==Life and education==
Born in [[Kapurthala]] in the state of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Lal studied English at [[St. Xavier's College, Calcutta|St Xavier's College]], Calcutta, and later at the [[University of Calcutta]].<ref>[http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search Professor P Lal passes away] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120525215506/http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search |date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> He would later teach at St. Xavier's College for over forty years.<ref>[http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101104/jsp/calcutta/story_13137450.jsp#1 The City Diary]</ref> A friend of Fr [[Robert Antoine]], he aspired to be a [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] when young, and that haunted his entire oeuvre and life.<ref>Lessons</ref>
Born in [[Kapurthala]] in the state of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Lal studied English at [[St. Xavier's College, Calcutta|St Xavier's College]], Calcutta, and later at the [[University of Calcutta]].<ref>[http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search Professor P Lal passes away] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120525215506/http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search |date=25 May 2012 }}</ref> He would later teach at St. Xavier's College for over forty years.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101107062621/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101104/jsp/calcutta/story_13137450.jsp#1 The City Diary]</ref> A friend of Fr [[Robert Antoine]], he aspired to be a [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] when young, and that haunted his entire oeuvre and life.<ref>Lessons</ref>


P. Lal was Special Professor of Indian Studies at [[Hofstra University]] from 1962 to 1963, and held Visiting Professorships at many colleges and universities throughout America. These included [[University of Illinois]], [[Albion College]], [[Ohio University]], [[Hartwick College]], [[Berea College]], and [[Western Maryland College]].<ref>[http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search Professor P Lal passes away] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120525215506/http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search |date=25 May 2012 }}</ref>
P. Lal was Special Professor of Indian Studies at [[Hofstra University]] from 1962 to 1963, and held Visiting Professorships at many colleges and universities throughout America. These included [[University of Illinois]], [[Albion College]], [[Ohio University]], [[Hartwick College]], [[Berea College]], and [[Western Maryland College]].<ref>[http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search Professor P Lal passes away] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120525215506/http://www.thestatesman.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=347497:professor-p-lal-passes-away&catid=72:bengal-plus&from_page=search |date=25 May 2012 }}</ref>
Line 39: Line 39:
In addition to the Mahabharata, his translations from Sanskrit included a number of other religious and literary works, including 21 of the [[Upanisads]], as well as plays and lyric poetry. He also translated modern writers such as [[Premchand]] (from the [[Hindi]]) and [[Rabindranath Tagore|Tagore]] (from the [[Bengali language|Bengali]]).
In addition to the Mahabharata, his translations from Sanskrit included a number of other religious and literary works, including 21 of the [[Upanisads]], as well as plays and lyric poetry. He also translated modern writers such as [[Premchand]] (from the [[Hindi]]) and [[Rabindranath Tagore|Tagore]] (from the [[Bengali language|Bengali]]).


Since his founding of [[Writers Workshop]], he published over 3000 volumes by Indian literary authors, mostly in English, including poetry, fiction, educational texts, screenplays, drama, "serious comics," and children's books, as well as audiobooks. Writers Workshop has published first books by many authors including [[Vikram Seth]], [[Pritish Nandy]] and [[Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090304153115/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2009/03/01/stories/2009030150010100.htm Writer's Workshop @ fifty]</ref>
Since his founding of [[Writers Workshop (publisher)|Writers Workshop]], he published over 3000 volumes by Indian literary authors, mostly in English, including poetry, fiction, educational texts, screenplays, drama, "serious comics," and children's books, as well as audiobooks. Writers Workshop has published first books by many authors including [[Vikram Seth]], [[Pritish Nandy]] and [[Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090304153115/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2009/03/01/stories/2009030150010100.htm Writer's Workshop @ fifty]</ref>


His publishing enterprise was unusual in that he personally served as publisher, [[editor in chief|editor]], reader, secretary, and editorial assistant. The books were also unique in appearance, hand-typeset on local Indian presses and bound in hand-loomed sari cloth. Writers Workshop continues to publish, under the direction of Lal's family members.
His publishing enterprise was unusual in that he personally served as publisher, [[editor in chief|editor]], reader, secretary, and editorial assistant. The books were also unique in appearance, hand-typeset on local Indian presses and bound in hand-loomed sari cloth. Writers Workshop continues to publish, under the direction of Lal's family members.


Some of the last works he was engaged in publishing were ''Holmes of the Raj'' by Vithal Rajan, [http://www.writersworkshopindia.com/modules/booklists/singlelink.php?cid=1&lid=739/ ''Seahorse in the Sky''] {{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} by G Kameshwar and [http://indenglit.blogspot.com/ ''Labyrinth''] by [[Arunabha Sengupta]].
Some of the last works he was engaged in publishing were ''Holmes of the Raj'' by Vithal Rajan, [https://web.archive.org/web/20220626143901/http://www.writersworkshopindia.com/modules/booklists/singlelink.php?cid=1&lid=739/ ''Seahorse in the Sky''] by G Kameshwar and [https://indenglit.blogspot.com/ ''Labyrinth''] by [[Arunabha Sengupta]].


===The [[Mahabharata]] Transcreated Translation===
==The Mahabharata Non-Rhyming English Verse Transcreation==
This is the most complete translation to date and is still in progress. [[Harivamsa]] Parva and [[Anushasana Parva]] are still left to be "transcreated" and translated.
This is the most complete translation to date. The [[Harivamsa]] Parva is still left to be "transcreated" and translated but it is not considered a part of the Mahabharata although it is considered an appendix to the Mahabharata. There are no plans for the Harivamsa [[The 18 parvas|Parva]] at present. The Mairavanacaritam (The Life of Mai-[[Ravana]]) (100 pages) is a part of [[Ramayana]] rather than the [[Mahabharata]].


{| class="sortable wikitable"
{| class="sortable wikitable"
Line 59: Line 59:
   | 01
   | 01
   | [[Adi Parva]] (The Beginning)
   | [[Adi Parva]] (The Beginning)
   | 1–19
   | 001–019
   | 1232
   | 1208
   | 2000
   | 2000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 66: Line 66:
   | 02
   | 02
   | [[Sabha Parva]] (The Assembly Hall)  
   | [[Sabha Parva]] (The Assembly Hall)  
   | 20-28
   | 020–029
   | 520
   | 491
   | 600
   | 600
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 73: Line 73:
   | 03
   | 03
   | [[Vana Parva]] (The Forest)
   | [[Vana Parva]] (The Forest)
   | 29-44
   | 030–050
   | 1572
   | 1400
   | 2000
   | 2000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 80: Line 80:
   | 04
   | 04
   | [[Virata Parva]] ([[Virata]])
   | [[Virata Parva]] ([[Virata]])
   | 45-48
   | 051–054
   | 416
   | 303
   | 400
   | 400
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 87: Line 87:
   | 05
   | 05
   | [[Udyoga Parva]] (The Effort)
   | [[Udyoga Parva]] (The Effort)
   | 49-59
   | 055–066
   | 976
   | 813
   | 1000
   | 1000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
  |-
  |-
   | 06
   | 06
   | [[Bhishma Parva]] ([[Bhishma]])
   | [[Bhishma Parva]] ([[Bhishma]]/Tenacity)
   | 60-64
   | 067–070
   | 928
   | 797
   | 1000
   | 1000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 101: Line 101:
   | 07
   | 07
   | [[Drona Parva]] ([[Drona]])
   | [[Drona Parva]] ([[Drona]])
   | 65-72
   | 071–078
   | 1536
   | 1383
   | 1200
   | 1200
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 108: Line 108:
   | 08
   | 08
   | [[Karna Parva]] ([[Karna]])
   | [[Karna Parva]] ([[Karna]])
   | 73
   | 079
   | 1036
   | 932
   | 1000
   | 1000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
  |-
  |-
   | 09
   | 09
   | [[Shalya Parva]] ([[Shalya]])
   | [[Shalya Parva]] ([[Shalya]]/The [[Pike (weapon)|Pike]])
   | 74-77
   | 080–083
   | 700
   | 628
   | 1000
   | 1000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 122: Line 122:
   | 10
   | 10
   | [[Sauptika Parva]] (The Sleeping Warriors)
   | [[Sauptika Parva]] (The Sleeping Warriors)
   | 78-80
   | 084–085
   | 176
   | 138
   | 200
   | 200
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 130: Line 130:
   | 11
   | 11
   | [[Stri Parva]] (The Women)
   | [[Stri Parva]] (The Women)
   | 81-85
   | 086–089
   | 176
   | 141
   | 200
   | 200
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
  |-
  |-
   | 12
   | 12
   | [[Shanti Parva|Shanti Parva 1]] (Peace)
   | [[Shanti Parva]] (Peace)
   | 86-87
   | 090–091 (volume 1) <br> 092 (volume 2)
   | 1016
   | 1969 = 900 + 1069
   | 2000
   | 4000 = 2000 + 2000
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal (volume 1) Pradeep Bhattacharya (volume 2)
|-
  | 12
  | [[Shanti Parva| Shanti Parva 2]] (Peace)
  | 88
  | 1112
  | 2000
  | Pradeep Bhattacharya
  |-
  |-
   | 13
   | 13
   | [[Anushasana Parva]] (The Instructions)
   | [[Anushasana Parva]] (The Instructions)
   | 89-90
   | 093–094
   | ?
   | 1256
   | TBA
   | 3000
   | Pradeep Bhattacharya
   | Pradeep Bhattacharya
  |-
  |-
   | 14
   | 14
   | [[Ashvamedhika Parva]] (The Horse Sacrifice)
   | [[Ashvamedhika Parva]] (The Horse Sacrifice)
   | 91–92
   | 095–096
   | 444
   | 417
   | 300
   | 300
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 165: Line 158:
   | 14
   | 14
   | [[Jaimini]]ya [[Ashvamedhika Parva]] ([[Jaimini]]'s Version of The Horse Sacrifice)
   | [[Jaimini]]ya [[Ashvamedhika Parva]] ([[Jaimini]]'s Version of The Horse Sacrifice)
   | 91–92
   | 095–096
   | 488
   | 488
   | 800 (70 USD outside [[India]])
   | 500 (Flexiback), 800 (hardback) (US$70 outside [[India]])
   | Shekhar Kumar Sen (Editor: Pradeep Bhattacharya)
   | Shekhar Kumar Sen (Editor: Pradeep Bhattacharya)
  |-
  |-
   | 15
   | 15
   | [[Ashramavasika Parva]] (The Hermitage)
   | [[Ashramavasika Parva]] (The Hermitage)
   | 93-95
   | 097–099
   | 172
   | 147
   | 150
   | 150
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
|-
  | 15
  | The [[Jaimini]]ya [[Mahabharata]] (Sahasramukharavanacaritam) (The Life of the 1000-Headed [[Ravana]])
  | ?
  | 337
  | 850
  | Shekhar Kumar Sen and Pradeep Bhattacharya
  |-
  |-
   | 16
   | 16
   | [[Mausala Parva]] (The Clubs)
   | [[Mausala Parva]] (The Clubs)
   | 96
   | 100
   | 64
   | 41
   | 150
   | 150
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 186: Line 186:
   | 17
   | 17
   | [[Mahaprasthanika Parva]] (The Great Journey)
   | [[Mahaprasthanika Parva]] (The Great Journey)
   | 97
   | 101
   | 36
   | 16
   | 150
   | 150
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 193: Line 193:
   | 18
   | 18
   | [[Svargarohana Parva]] (The Ascent to Heaven)
   | [[Svargarohana Parva]] (The Ascent to Heaven)
   | 98
   | 102
   | 80
   | 29
   | 150
   | 150
   | P. Lal
   | P. Lal
Line 200: Line 200:
   | 19 (Khila)
   | 19 (Khila)
   | [[Harivamsa]] Parva (The Genealogy of [[Hari]])
   | [[Harivamsa]] Parva (The Genealogy of [[Hari]])
   | 99-101
   | 103–105
   | ?
   | ?
   | TBA
   | TBA
Line 210: Line 210:
*[[Indian English Poetry]]
*[[Indian English Poetry]]
*[[Indian English Literature]]
*[[Indian English Literature]]
*[[Writers Workshop]]
*[[Writers Workshop (publisher)|Writers Workshop]]


==References==
==References==
Line 216: Line 216:


==External links==
==External links==
A Daughter Remembers: P. Lal and Writers Workshop, by Srimati Lal, CONFLUENCE, UK :
* http://www.confluence.org.uk/a-daughter-remembers-plal-and-writers-workshop/
* http://www.confluence.org.uk/a-daughter-remembers-plal-and-writers-workshop/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025136/http://fullcirclebooks.in/node/59492  / FLOWERS FOR MY FATHER, by Srimati Lal, pub. 2011  
* https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025136/http://fullcirclebooks.in/node/59492  / FLOWERS FOR MY FATHER, by Srimati Lal, pub. 2011  
Line 222: Line 221:
* Kanchangupta.blogspot.com/2010/11/pro-p-lal-in-memoriam.html Prof P Lal, in memoriam by Kanchan Gupta
* Kanchangupta.blogspot.com/2010/11/pro-p-lal-in-memoriam.html Prof P Lal, in memoriam by Kanchan Gupta
* [http://www.writersworkshopindia.com/ Writer's Workshop]
* [http://www.writersworkshopindia.com/ Writer's Workshop]
* [http://indenglit.blogspot.com/ Writer's Workshop New Releases]
* [https://indenglit.blogspot.com/ Writer's Workshop New Releases]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927143743/http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/media/NewsDetails.jsp?page_id=338&id=N228&divId=312 Harmony Magazine on P. Lal]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927143743/http://www.harmonyindia.org/hportal/media/NewsDetails.jsp?page_id=338&id=N228&divId=312 Harmony Magazine on P. Lal]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090304153115/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2009/03/01/stories/2009030150010100.htm 50 Years of Writer's Workshop]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090304153115/http://www.hindu.com/lr/2009/03/01/stories/2009030150010100.htm 50 Years of Writer's Workshop]
Line 231: Line 230:


{{DEFAULTSORT:Lal, P.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lal, P.}}
[[Category:English-language poets from India]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:English-language Indian poets]]
[[Category:Writers from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Writers from Punjab, India]]
[[Category:Bengali writers]]
[[Category:Bengali writers]]
[[Category:Indian male essayists]]
[[Category:Indian male essayists]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:Indian literary critics]]
[[Category:Indian academics]]
[[Category:Academic staff of St. Xavier's College, Kolkata]]
[[Category:Indian magazine editors]]
[[Category:Indian magazine editors]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Calcutta]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta faculty]]
[[Category:Ohio University faculty]]
[[Category:Ohio University faculty]]
[[Category:Albion College faculty]]
[[Category:Albion College faculty]]
Line 254: Line 253:
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:Jawaharlal Nehru Fellows]]
[[Category:Jawaharlal Nehru Fellows]]
[[Category:Hartwick College faculty]]

Latest revision as of 19:54, 24 March 2026


Purushottama Lal
Born(1929-08-28)28 August 1929
Kapurthala, Punjab. British India
Died3 November 2010(2010-11-03) (aged 81)
Kolkata, India
OccupationWriter, academic, translator
LanguageEnglish
NationalityIndian
EducationM.A. in English
Alma materSt. Xavier's College, Calcutta, and the University of Calcutta
Period1953–1993
GenreIndian classics
Notable worksTranscreation of Mahabharata, Upanishads in English
Notable awardsPadma Shri, Honorary Doctorate of Letters, Western Maryland College
SpouseShyamasree Nag
ChildrenAnanda Lal, Srimati Lal
Website
writersworkshopindia.com

Purushottama Lal (28 August 1929 – 3 November 2010), commonly known as P. Lal, was an Indian poet, author, translator, professor and publisher. He was the founder of publishing firm Writers Workshop in Calcutta, established in 1958.[1][2]

Life and education[edit | edit source]

Born in Kapurthala in the state of Punjab, Lal studied English at St Xavier's College, Calcutta, and later at the University of Calcutta.[3] He would later teach at St. Xavier's College for over forty years.[4] A friend of Fr Robert Antoine, he aspired to be a Jesuit when young, and that haunted his entire oeuvre and life.[5]

P. Lal was Special Professor of Indian Studies at Hofstra University from 1962 to 1963, and held Visiting Professorships at many colleges and universities throughout America. These included University of Illinois, Albion College, Ohio University, Hartwick College, Berea College, and Western Maryland College.[6]

He married Shyamasree Devi in 1955, and had a son, Ananda Lal, and a daughter, Srimati Lal.

Career[edit | edit source]

He wrote eight books of poetry, over a dozen volumes of literary criticism, a memoir, several books of stories for children, as well as dozens of translations from other languages, chiefly Sanskrit, into English. He also edited a number of literary anthologies.[7] He was awarded the prestigious Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship in 1969.[8]

He is perhaps best known as the translator and "transcreator" of the epic poem Mahabharata in English. His translation, which was published in an edition of over 300 fascicules since the early 1970s, was republished in a collated edition of 18 large volumes. His Mahabharata is the most complete in any language, comprising all the slokas. His translation is characteristically both poetic and swift to read, and oriented to the oral/musical tradition in which the work was originally created. To emphasise this tradition, he began reading the entire 100,000-sloka work aloud in 1999, for one hour each Sunday at a Calcutta library hall.

In addition to the Mahabharata, his translations from Sanskrit included a number of other religious and literary works, including 21 of the Upanisads, as well as plays and lyric poetry. He also translated modern writers such as Premchand (from the Hindi) and Tagore (from the Bengali).

Since his founding of Writers Workshop, he published over 3000 volumes by Indian literary authors, mostly in English, including poetry, fiction, educational texts, screenplays, drama, "serious comics," and children's books, as well as audiobooks. Writers Workshop has published first books by many authors including Vikram Seth, Pritish Nandy and Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni.[9]

His publishing enterprise was unusual in that he personally served as publisher, editor, reader, secretary, and editorial assistant. The books were also unique in appearance, hand-typeset on local Indian presses and bound in hand-loomed sari cloth. Writers Workshop continues to publish, under the direction of Lal's family members.

Some of the last works he was engaged in publishing were Holmes of the Raj by Vithal Rajan, Seahorse in the Sky by G Kameshwar and Labyrinth by Arunabha Sengupta.

The Mahabharata Non-Rhyming English Verse Transcreation[edit | edit source]

This is the most complete translation to date. The Harivamsa Parva is still left to be "transcreated" and translated but it is not considered a part of the Mahabharata although it is considered an appendix to the Mahabharata. There are no plans for the Harivamsa Parva at present. The Mairavanacaritam (The Life of Mai-Ravana) (100 pages) is a part of Ramayana rather than the Mahabharata.

Volume Number Volume Title Sub-Parva Pages Price (INR) Translator and "Transcreator"
01 Adi Parva (The Beginning) 001–019 1208 2000 P. Lal
02 Sabha Parva (The Assembly Hall) 020–029 491 600 P. Lal
03 Vana Parva (The Forest) 030–050 1400 2000 P. Lal
04 Virata Parva (Virata) 051–054 303 400 P. Lal
05 Udyoga Parva (The Effort) 055–066 813 1000 P. Lal
06 Bhishma Parva (Bhishma/Tenacity) 067–070 797 1000 P. Lal
07 Drona Parva (Drona) 071–078 1383 1200 P. Lal
08 Karna Parva (Karna) 079 932 1000 P. Lal
09 Shalya Parva (Shalya/The Pike) 080–083 628 1000 P. Lal
10 Sauptika Parva (The Sleeping Warriors) 084–085 138 200 P. Lal
11 Stri Parva (The Women) 086–089 141 200 P. Lal
12 Shanti Parva (Peace) 090–091 (volume 1)
092 (volume 2) 		1969 = 900 + 1069 4000 = 2000 + 2000 P. Lal (volume 1) Pradeep Bhattacharya (volume 2)
13 Anushasana Parva (The Instructions) 093–094 1256 3000 Pradeep Bhattacharya
14 Ashvamedhika Parva (The Horse Sacrifice) 095–096 417 300 P. Lal
14 Jaiminiya Ashvamedhika Parva (Jaimini's Version of The Horse Sacrifice) 095–096 488 500 (Flexiback), 800 (hardback) (US$70 outside India) Shekhar Kumar Sen (Editor: Pradeep Bhattacharya)
15 Ashramavasika Parva (The Hermitage) 097–099 147 150 P. Lal
15 The Jaiminiya Mahabharata (Sahasramukharavanacaritam) (The Life of the 1000-Headed Ravana) ? 337 850 Shekhar Kumar Sen and Pradeep Bhattacharya
16 Mausala Parva (The Clubs) 100 41 150 P. Lal
17 Mahaprasthanika Parva (The Great Journey) 101 16 150 P. Lal
18 Svargarohana Parva (The Ascent to Heaven) 102 29 150 P. Lal
19 (Khila) Harivamsa Parva (The Genealogy of Hari) 103–105 ? TBA TBA

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ The City Diary
  2. ↑ "P. Lal | The Economist". The Economist.
  3. ↑ Professor P Lal passes away Archived 25 May 2012 at Archive.today
  4. ↑ The City Diary
  5. ↑ Lessons
  6. ↑ Professor P Lal passes away Archived 25 May 2012 at Archive.today
  7. ↑ Writer's Workshop @ fifty
  8. ↑ "Official list of Jawaharlal Nehru Fellows (1969-present)". Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund.
  9. ↑ Writer's Workshop @ fifty

External links[edit | edit source]


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