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{{More citations needed|date=October 2018}} | {{Multiple issues|{{More citations needed|date=October 2018}}}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}} | ||
{{Infobox settlement | {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name = Kaduthuruthy | | name = Kaduthuruthy | ||
| other_name = Kaduthuruthi, Kaduturutti | | other_name = Kaduthuruthi, Kaduturutti | ||
| nickname = | | nickname = | ||
| settlement_type = Town | | settlement_type = Town | ||
| image_skyline = Kaduthuruthi siva temple.jpg | | image_skyline = Kaduthuruthi siva temple.jpg | ||
| image_alt = | | image_alt = | ||
| image_caption = Shiva Temple | | image_caption = Shiva Temple | ||
| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India | | pushpin_map = India Kerala#India | ||
| pushpin_label_position = right | | pushpin_label_position = right | ||
| pushpin_map_alt = | | pushpin_map_alt = | ||
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India | | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India | ||
| coordinates = {{coord|9.75|N|76.50|E|region:IN-KL_type:city|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|9.75|N|76.50|E|region:IN-KL_type:city|display=inline,title}} | ||
| subdivision_type = Country | | subdivision_type = Country | ||
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | ||
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | ||
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]] | | subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]] | ||
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | ||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]] | | subdivision_name2 = [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]] | ||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | | established_title = <!-- Established --> | ||
| established_date = | | established_date = | ||
| founder = | | founder = | ||
| named_for = | | named_for = | ||
| government_type = | | government_type = | ||
| governing_body = | | governing_body = | ||
| unit_pref = Metric | | unit_pref = Metric | ||
| area_footnotes = | | area_footnotes = | ||
| area_rank = | | area_rank = | ||
| area_total_km2 = | | area_total_km2 = | ||
| elevation_footnotes = | | elevation_footnotes = | ||
| elevation_m = 12 | | elevation_m = 12 | ||
| population_total = | | population_total = | ||
| population_as_of = | | population_as_of = | ||
| population_rank = | | population_rank = | ||
| population_density_km2 = auto | | population_density_km2 = auto | ||
| population_demonym = | | population_demonym = | ||
| population_footnotes = | | population_footnotes = | ||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | | demographics_type1 = Languages | ||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | | demographics1_title1 = Official | ||
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]] | | demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]] | ||
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | ||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | ||
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | ||
| postal_code = | | postal_code = | ||
| registration_plate = KL- | | registration_plate = KL-36, KL-67 | ||
| website = | | website = | ||
| footnotes = | | footnotes = | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Nesote building.JPG|thumb|Nesote Building]] | [[File:Nesote building.JPG|thumb|Nesote Building]] | ||
'''Kaduthuruthy''' is a town in [[Kottayam district|Kottayam District]] in the state of [[Kerala]], [[India]]. | '''Kaduthuruthy''' is a town in [[Kottayam district|Kottayam District]] in the state of [[Kerala]], [[India]]. The State Highway 15 connecting Ettumanoor to Vyttila passes through the town.The town is located 27 km from Kottayam, the district headquarters. The Vaikom Road Railway Station situated 3 km from the town. | ||
== Geography == | == Geography == | ||
Kaduturuthy has an average elevation of {{convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Its name derives from ''Kadal thuruth'', meaning near to the | Kaduturuthy has an average elevation of {{convert|12|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Its name derives from ''Kadal thuruth'', meaning "near to the sea," as it is believed that several centuries ago, the [[Arabian Sea]] extended inward into this area, but later receded due to a tsunami. | ||
Another story | Kaduthuruthy has a picturesque nature and ecosystem. It is a transit point between the hilly middle region of Kerala and backwater coastal land. The nearest railway halt is Vaikom Road Railway Station and the main railway station is Kottayam. | ||
Another story regarding the origin of name "Kaduthuruthy" is Demon Khara got three "Shiv lingas" for his severe penance from lord Shiva, Khara started a journey by carrying three Shiv Lingas, two Lingas in each hand and one in his mouth. After a while he got tired as well the Lingas are heavy, he placed his right-handed Linga in Vaikom, left-handed Linga in Ettumanoor and from mouth is placed in Kaduthuruthy (in Malayalam, this act was called "kadichiruthy"). | |||
== History == | == History == | ||
It was the Capital of erstwhile kingdom of Vadakkumkoor which | It was the Capital of erstwhile kingdom of Vadakkumkoor which was annexed to Travancore in 1754 by Marthanda Varma. The first Sandesha Kavyam (Message in Poetry) in [[Malayalam]] called "[[Unnuneeli Sandesham]]" gives an insight into the history of the town. The author is believed to have been a member of one of the Travancore Royal Families. The work describes the grand harbour of the town in great detail, although the sea is now several miles away, having receded some time in the 14th century possibly following an earthquake or a tsunami. | ||
==Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple== | ==Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple== | ||
[[File:Kaduthuruthy Thali Mahadeva Temple.jpg|thumb|Thali Temple]] | [[File:Kaduthuruthy Thali Mahadeva Temple.jpg|thumb|Thali Temple]] | ||
Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple ([[Malayalam]]:തളിയില് മഹാദേവ ക്ഷേത്രം) is one of the best known Shiva Temples in Kerala. It is believed that the consecration at [[Vaikom Temple|Vaikom]] and [[Ettumanoor]] temples was done at the same time as that of this temple, by the same person. There are also replicas of Vaikom & Ettumanoor Shiva Idols in the temple, thus it is believed that visit here is as good as | Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple ([[Malayalam]]:തളിയില് മഹാദേവ ക്ഷേത്രം) is one of the best known Shiva Temples in Kerala. It is believed that the consecration at [[Vaikom Temple|Vaikom]] and [[Ettumanoor]] temples was done at the same time as that of this temple, by the same person. There are also replicas of Vaikom & Ettumanoor Shiva Idols in the temple, thus it is believed that visit here is as good as visiting all three noted Shiva temples (Vaikom, Ettumanoor and Thaliyil Mahadeva) on the same day before noon. The temple sits adjacent to the Ernakulam-Ettumanoor Road. | ||
===Legends=== | ===Legends=== | ||
According to legend, the '' | According to legend, the S''hivling'' (symbolic representation of the deity) was installed here by a demon named 'Khara'. This demon (of the [[Khara (Ramayana)|Khara]] Dhooshana demon duo) featured in the [[Ramayana]], worshipped Shiva at Chidambaram and obtained from him three Shivalingams. He travelled holding one Shivalingam in each hand and one in his mouth. Kadichiruthy Prathishitta later became Kaduthuruthy. The remaining two shivlings were installed at the Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple and Vaikom Mahadevar Temple. The name Kaduthuruthy, also believed to have emanated from this temple and its etymology suggests that ''Kadichu'' (bite) Irutthy (make some one sit) combine to form the name. | ||
===Temple complex=== | ===Temple complex=== | ||
The Mahadeva Temple, otherwise known as Thali Temple | The Mahadeva Temple, otherwise known as the Thali Temple, is dedicated to the Hindu god shiva. There are several other well-known temples in the area. Mahadeva temple is one among the famous three temples which Khara (of the Khara Dhooshana demon duo in the Ramayana) is believed to have built, along with Ettumanoor and Vaikom. A visit to three temples on the same day is believed to be very auspicious. Kaduthuruthy is the smallest of these three temples. | ||
The Annual Festival at the Kaduthuruthy Thaliyil Shiva Temple is a ritualistic way of paying obeisance to Lord Shiva, the presiding deity of the temple. The annual festival celebrated for ten days in the Malayalam month Medam. The event is marked by various rituals and ceremonies. Dress code | The Annual Festival at the Kaduthuruthy Thaliyil Shiva Temple is a ritualistic way of paying obeisance to Lord Shiva, the presiding deity of the temple. The annual festival celebrated for ten days in the Malayalam month Medam. The event is marked by various rituals and ceremonies. Dress code- Men: White, Dhoti without shirt. Women: Saree with Blouse, Panjabi dress with dupatta, Churidhar with dupatta. | ||
==Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira== | ==Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira== | ||
[[Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira]] is one of the oldest churches in India and is located 1.5 km from Kaduthuruthy town. The church belongs to Palai | [[Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira]] is one of the oldest churches in India and is located 1.5 km from Kaduthuruthy town. The church belongs to the Palai Diocese of the Syro-Malabar church. There is an ancient Pahlavi inscribed granite bas-relief cross found in [[Muttuchira]]. According to the local tradition, the Church at Muttuchira was founded in AD 510. Muttuchira Church is historically important. Archdeacon Jacob of Muttuchira was a native of Muttuchira and was based in this church until his death. He was buried in the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, Muttuchira. He was appointed Archdeacon by Mar Simon, the Chaldean Bishop who arrived in Malabar in 1576 AD, during the time of Mar Abraham, as a rival. Mar Simon was sent to Rome but Archdeacon Jacob had followers until his death in 1596. | ||
Bishop Alexander de Campo alias Palliveettil Chandy Metran | Bishop Alexander de Campo alias Palliveettil Chandy Metran, belonged to Muttuchira Parish. He was consecrated Titular Bishop of Megara in Achala and Vicar Apostolic and Administrator of the Archbishopric of Cranganore on 31 January 1663, at Kaduthuruthy and celebrated his first Pontifical Mass at Muttuchira Church on 1 February 1663. Saint Alphonsa of India spent her early years in Muttuchira as she was brought up in her aunt's house, at Muricken family of Muttuchira. | ||
==Sun Temple== | ==Sun Temple== | ||
{{main|Adithyapuram Sun Temple}} | {{main|Adithyapuram Sun Temple}} | ||
The famous | The famous Adityapuram Sun Temple is 3 kilometers away from Kaduthuruthy, and is known to be the second sun temple in India. The Mahavishnu Temple, Devarthananam, is 3 kilometers away from Kaduthuruthy (Kaduthuruthy-Piravavam Road). The Kailasapuram Sreekrishna Temple and Mangattukavu Bhagavathy Temple are also in the area. | ||
The | |||
The | |||
==Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli== | ==Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli== | ||
[[Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli]] (കടുത്തുരുത്തി വലിയ പളളി) / Ave Maria (ആവേ മരിയ) of Knanaya Community was established in AD 400. The present Kaduthuruthy St. Mary's Valiya Palli is | [[Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli]] (കടുത്തുരുത്തി വലിയ പളളി) / Ave Maria (ആവേ മരിയ) of Knanaya Community was established in AD 400. The present Kaduthuruthy St. Mary's Valiya Palli is the third building in the name of Virgin Mary known as Kaduthuruthy Muthiyamma (കടുത്തുരുത്തി മുത്തിയമ്മ). Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli has a glorious history linked to its supreme position with the Vadakkumkur (present-day Vaikom) Kingdom. The history of this church is intertwined with the history of the Knanaya community, the Persian refugees known as [[Knanaya|Southist Syrian Christians]] (തെക്കു൦ഭാഗർ), now commonly termed Knanites (ക്നാനായക്കാ൪). | ||
The present building is the third building in Kaduthuruthy, built in AD 1456, and it once had a strong fort, as mentioned in the church's traditional songs. The current church structure is built with artistic splendour and the characteristics of Gothic art, designed to proclaim and celebrate the gospel of Jesus Christ in worship and to honor the heritage of biblical faith, tradition, liturgy, and the rich variety of customs and traditions in Knanaya community as preserved by their forefathers. This church belongs to the Archdiocese of Kottayam and is considered as the Head Church (തലപ്പള്ളി) for both knanaya Catholics and Knanaya Jacobites. | |||
== Government and politics == | == Government and politics == | ||
Kaduthuruthy assembly constituency is part of [[Kottayam (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref>{{cite web | Kaduthuruthy assembly constituency is part of the [[Kottayam (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref>{{cite web | ||
|url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf | |url=http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf | ||
|title=Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies | |title=Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies | ||
| Line 100: | Line 101: | ||
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304011026/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf | |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304011026/http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S11/KL_Dist_PC_AC.pdf | ||
|archive-date=4 March 2009 | |archive-date=4 March 2009 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> Adv. [[Monce Joseph]] currently represents Kaduthuruthy in Kerala Legislative Assembly. Justice [[K. G. Balakrishnan]], who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India, is a native of Kaduthuruthy (Poozhikol). | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
| Line 109: | Line 108: | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{commons category}} | {{commons category}} | ||
* [http://www.kerala.gov.in/kottayam/admin.htm Official website of Kottayam District] | * [http://www.kerala.gov.in/kottayam/admin.htm Official website of Kottayam District] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027122538/http://www.kerala.gov.in/kottayam/admin.htm |date=27 October 2007 }} | ||
* [[Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli|Official Page of Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli]] | * [[Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli|Official Page of Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli]] | ||
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|
Kaduthuruthy
Kaduthuruthi, Kaduturutti | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Shiva Temple | |
  Kaduthuruthy Location in Kerala, India  Kaduthuruthy Kaduthuruthy (India) | |
| Coordinates: 9°45′N 76°30′E / 9.75°N 76.50°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Kottayam |
| Elevation | 12 m (39 ft) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Malayalam, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | KL-36, KL-67 |
Kaduthuruthy is a town in Kottayam District in the state of Kerala, India. The State Highway 15 connecting Ettumanoor to Vyttila passes through the town.The town is located 27 km from Kottayam, the district headquarters. The Vaikom Road Railway Station situated 3 km from the town.
Geography[edit | edit source]
Kaduturuthy has an average elevation of 12 m (39 ft). Its name derives from Kadal thuruth, meaning "near to the sea," as it is believed that several centuries ago, the Arabian Sea extended inward into this area, but later receded due to a tsunami.
Kaduthuruthy has a picturesque nature and ecosystem. It is a transit point between the hilly middle region of Kerala and backwater coastal land. The nearest railway halt is Vaikom Road Railway Station and the main railway station is Kottayam.
Another story regarding the origin of name "Kaduthuruthy" is Demon Khara got three "Shiv lingas" for his severe penance from lord Shiva, Khara started a journey by carrying three Shiv Lingas, two Lingas in each hand and one in his mouth. After a while he got tired as well the Lingas are heavy, he placed his right-handed Linga in Vaikom, left-handed Linga in Ettumanoor and from mouth is placed in Kaduthuruthy (in Malayalam, this act was called "kadichiruthy").
History[edit | edit source]
It was the Capital of erstwhile kingdom of Vadakkumkoor which was annexed to Travancore in 1754 by Marthanda Varma. The first Sandesha Kavyam (Message in Poetry) in Malayalam called "Unnuneeli Sandesham" gives an insight into the history of the town. The author is believed to have been a member of one of the Travancore Royal Families. The work describes the grand harbour of the town in great detail, although the sea is now several miles away, having receded some time in the 14th century possibly following an earthquake or a tsunami.
Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple[edit | edit source]
Thaliyil Mahadeva Temple (Malayalam:തളിയില് മഹാദേവ ക്ഷേത്രം) is one of the best known Shiva Temples in Kerala. It is believed that the consecration at Vaikom and Ettumanoor temples was done at the same time as that of this temple, by the same person. There are also replicas of Vaikom & Ettumanoor Shiva Idols in the temple, thus it is believed that visit here is as good as visiting all three noted Shiva temples (Vaikom, Ettumanoor and Thaliyil Mahadeva) on the same day before noon. The temple sits adjacent to the Ernakulam-Ettumanoor Road.
Legends[edit | edit source]
According to legend, the Shivling (symbolic representation of the deity) was installed here by a demon named 'Khara'. This demon (of the Khara Dhooshana demon duo) featured in the Ramayana, worshipped Shiva at Chidambaram and obtained from him three Shivalingams. He travelled holding one Shivalingam in each hand and one in his mouth. Kadichiruthy Prathishitta later became Kaduthuruthy. The remaining two shivlings were installed at the Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple and Vaikom Mahadevar Temple. The name Kaduthuruthy, also believed to have emanated from this temple and its etymology suggests that Kadichu (bite) Irutthy (make some one sit) combine to form the name.
Temple complex[edit | edit source]
The Mahadeva Temple, otherwise known as the Thali Temple, is dedicated to the Hindu god shiva. There are several other well-known temples in the area. Mahadeva temple is one among the famous three temples which Khara (of the Khara Dhooshana demon duo in the Ramayana) is believed to have built, along with Ettumanoor and Vaikom. A visit to three temples on the same day is believed to be very auspicious. Kaduthuruthy is the smallest of these three temples.
The Annual Festival at the Kaduthuruthy Thaliyil Shiva Temple is a ritualistic way of paying obeisance to Lord Shiva, the presiding deity of the temple. The annual festival celebrated for ten days in the Malayalam month Medam. The event is marked by various rituals and ceremonies. Dress code- Men: White, Dhoti without shirt. Women: Saree with Blouse, Panjabi dress with dupatta, Churidhar with dupatta.
Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira[edit | edit source]
Holy Ghost Forane church, Muttuchira is one of the oldest churches in India and is located 1.5 km from Kaduthuruthy town. The church belongs to the Palai Diocese of the Syro-Malabar church. There is an ancient Pahlavi inscribed granite bas-relief cross found in Muttuchira. According to the local tradition, the Church at Muttuchira was founded in AD 510. Muttuchira Church is historically important. Archdeacon Jacob of Muttuchira was a native of Muttuchira and was based in this church until his death. He was buried in the Church of Saint Francis of Assisi, Muttuchira. He was appointed Archdeacon by Mar Simon, the Chaldean Bishop who arrived in Malabar in 1576 AD, during the time of Mar Abraham, as a rival. Mar Simon was sent to Rome but Archdeacon Jacob had followers until his death in 1596.
Bishop Alexander de Campo alias Palliveettil Chandy Metran, belonged to Muttuchira Parish. He was consecrated Titular Bishop of Megara in Achala and Vicar Apostolic and Administrator of the Archbishopric of Cranganore on 31 January 1663, at Kaduthuruthy and celebrated his first Pontifical Mass at Muttuchira Church on 1 February 1663. Saint Alphonsa of India spent her early years in Muttuchira as she was brought up in her aunt's house, at Muricken family of Muttuchira.
Sun Temple[edit | edit source]
The famous Adityapuram Sun Temple is 3 kilometers away from Kaduthuruthy, and is known to be the second sun temple in India. The Mahavishnu Temple, Devarthananam, is 3 kilometers away from Kaduthuruthy (Kaduthuruthy-Piravavam Road). The Kailasapuram Sreekrishna Temple and Mangattukavu Bhagavathy Temple are also in the area.
Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli[edit | edit source]
Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli (കടുത്തുരുത്തി വലിയ പളളി) / Ave Maria (ആവേ മരിയ) of Knanaya Community was established in AD 400. The present Kaduthuruthy St. Mary's Valiya Palli is the third building in the name of Virgin Mary known as Kaduthuruthy Muthiyamma (കടുത്തുരുത്തി മുത്തിയമ്മ). Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli has a glorious history linked to its supreme position with the Vadakkumkur (present-day Vaikom) Kingdom. The history of this church is intertwined with the history of the Knanaya community, the Persian refugees known as Southist Syrian Christians (തെക്കു൦ഭാഗർ), now commonly termed Knanites (ക്നാനായക്കാ൪).
The present building is the third building in Kaduthuruthy, built in AD 1456, and it once had a strong fort, as mentioned in the church's traditional songs. The current church structure is built with artistic splendour and the characteristics of Gothic art, designed to proclaim and celebrate the gospel of Jesus Christ in worship and to honor the heritage of biblical faith, tradition, liturgy, and the rich variety of customs and traditions in Knanaya community as preserved by their forefathers. This church belongs to the Archdiocese of Kottayam and is considered as the Head Church (തലപ്പള്ളി) for both knanaya Catholics and Knanaya Jacobites.
Government and politics[edit | edit source]
Kaduthuruthy assembly constituency is part of the Kottayam (Lok Sabha constituency).[1] Adv. Monce Joseph currently represents Kaduthuruthy in Kerala Legislative Assembly. Justice K. G. Balakrishnan, who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India, is a native of Kaduthuruthy (Poozhikol).
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Kerala. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2008.
External links[edit | edit source]
- Official website of Kottayam District Archived 27 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- Official Page of Kaduthuruthy Valiya Palli
