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{{Short description|Ancient Middle Indo-Aryan language}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}} | {{Use Indian English|date=May 2016}} | ||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| name = Shauraseni Prakrit | | name = Shauraseni Prakrit | ||
| altname = Śaurasenī | | altname = Śaurasenī Prākṛta | ||
| nativename = [[Brahmi]] | | nativename = {{lang|psu-Brah|𑀰𑁅𑀭𑀲𑁂𑀦𑀻}} ([[Brahmi]]) | ||
| region = [[ | | region = [[Indian subcontinent]] | ||
| era = c. | | era = c. 3rd to 10th centuries AD | ||
| familycolor = Indo-European | | familycolor = Indo-European | ||
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] | | fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]] | ||
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] | | fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]] | ||
| iso3 = psu | | iso3 = psu | ||
| glotto = saur1252 | | glotto = saur1252 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''Shauraseni Prakrit''' ({{ | '''Shauraseni Prakrit''' ({{langx|sa|शौरसेनी प्राकृत}}, {{IAST3|Śaurasenī Prākṛta}}, {{IPA|sa|ɕɐurɐɕseːniː praːkr̩t̪ɐ}}) was a [[Middle Indo-Aryan language]] and a [[Dramatic Prakrit]]. Shauraseni was the chief [[language]] used in drama in [[middle kingdoms of India|medieval]] [[North India|northern India]]. Most of the material in this language originates from the 3rd to 10th centuries, and represented a regional language variety with minor modifications to the same linguistic substratum as other Dramatic Prakrit varieties.<ref name="ollett">{{cite book |last=Ollett |first=Andrew |title=Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India |chapter=5: Figuring Prakrit |chapter-url=https://www.luminosoa.org/chapters/m/10.1525/luminos.37.e |doi=10.1525/luminos.37.e |date=2017-10-10 |pp=111-140 |isbn=978-0-520-96881-3}} {{Q|Q120550567}}.</ref> | ||
== | Among the [[Prakrit]]s, Shauraseni is said to be the one most closely related to [[Classical Sanskrit]] in that it "is derived from the Old Indian Indo-Aryan dialect of the [[Madhyadesa|Madhyadeśa]] on which Classical Sanskrit was mainly based."<ref name="woolner">{{cite web|last1=Woolner|first1=Alfred C.|title=Introduction to Prakrit|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontopr00woolrich|publisher=University of the Punjab|accessdate=2 March 2016|location=Calcutta}}</ref>{{rp|3-4}} Its descendants include [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] ([[Hindi]]–[[Urdu]]), [[Gujarati languages|Gujarati]], [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]], [[Hindko]], [[Pahari-Pothwari|Pahari]], and [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mesthrie |first=Rajend |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUEiEAAAQBAJ&dq=en&pg=PA15 |title=Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa |date=2018-09-14 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-429-78579-5 |pages=15 |language=en |quote=The outer languages descend from various sources: The Eastern group from Magadhi Prakrit, Marathi from Maharastri Prakrit (which was a sub-division of Ardha-Māgadhi Prakrit, leaning more towards Māgadhi than Śauraseni), while Sindhi and Lahnda, whose early histories are not entirely clear, seem to be derived from Apabhramsas which show Śauraseni influence.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HmfEEAAAQBAJ|title=Window to Ancient India : A Tryst with Ancient Science & Philosophy Part II : Languages, Linguistic Systems and Indian Logic System vis-a-vis the Greeks|page=68|first=Satish|last=Joglekar|date=10 June 2023 |publisher=StoryMirror Infotech Pvt |isbn=978-93-90267-91-0 }}</ref> | ||
==References== | == See also == | ||
* [[Saurashtra language]] | |||
* [[Apabhraṃśa]] | |||
* [[Prakrit]] | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
Latest revision as of 09:16, 22 March 2026
| Shauraseni Prakrit | |
|---|---|
| Śaurasenī Prākṛta | |
| 𑀰𑁅𑀭𑀲𑁂𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi) | |
| Region | Indian subcontinent |
| Era | c. 3rd to 10th centuries AD |
Indo-European
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | psu |
| Glottolog | saur1252 |
Shauraseni Prakrit (Sanskrit: शौरसेनी प्राकृत, IAST: Śaurasenī Prākṛta, Sanskrit pronunciation: [ɕɐurɐɕseːniː praːkr̩t̪ɐ]) was a Middle Indo-Aryan language and a Dramatic Prakrit. Shauraseni was the chief language used in drama in medieval northern India. Most of the material in this language originates from the 3rd to 10th centuries, and represented a regional language variety with minor modifications to the same linguistic substratum as other Dramatic Prakrit varieties.[1]
Among the Prakrits, Shauraseni is said to be the one most closely related to Classical Sanskrit in that it "is derived from the Old Indian Indo-Aryan dialect of the Madhyadeśa on which Classical Sanskrit was mainly based."[2]:3–4 Its descendants include Hindustani (Hindi–Urdu), Gujarati, Rajasthani, Punjabi, Saraiki, Hindko, Pahari, and Sindhi.[3][4]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Ollett, Andrew (10 October 2017). "5: Figuring Prakrit". Language of the Snakes: Prakrit, Sanskrit, and the Language Order of Premodern India. pp. 111–140. doi:10.1525/luminos.37.e. ISBN 978-0-520-96881-3. Lua error in Module:Wd at line 2250: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). (Q120550567).
- ↑ Woolner, Alfred C. "Introduction to Prakrit". Calcutta: University of the Punjab. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
- ↑ Mesthrie, Rajend (14 September 2018). Language in Indenture: A Sociolinguistic History of Bhojpuri-Hindi in South Africa. Routledge. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-429-78579-5.
The outer languages descend from various sources: The Eastern group from Magadhi Prakrit, Marathi from Maharastri Prakrit (which was a sub-division of Ardha-Māgadhi Prakrit, leaning more towards Māgadhi than Śauraseni), while Sindhi and Lahnda, whose early histories are not entirely clear, seem to be derived from Apabhramsas which show Śauraseni influence.
- ↑ Joglekar, Satish (10 June 2023). Window to Ancient India : A Tryst with Ancient Science & Philosophy Part II : Languages, Linguistic Systems and Indian Logic System vis-a-vis the Greeks. StoryMirror Infotech Pvt. p. 68. ISBN 978-93-90267-91-0.
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