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{{Use Indian English|date=December 2014}}
{{For|the book by Frederic Growse|Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Bulandshahr
| official_name = Bulandshahr
| other_name              =
| native_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| settlement_type        = City
| other_name =  
| image_skyline          = Bulandshahr Skyline 02.jpg
| settlement_type = City
| image_alt              =
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| image_caption          = Bulandshahr skyline
| border                  = infobox
| pushpin_map            = India Uttar Pradesh#India3
| total_width              = 250
| pushpin_label_position  = right
| image_style              =  
| pushpin_map_alt        =
| perrow                  = 1/2/2/2
| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| image1 = Garden Gate, Bulandshahr 2023.tif
| coordinates            = {{coord|28.4|N|77.85|E|display=inline,title}}
| image2 = Statue of Mahatma Gandhi, Malika park, Bulandshahr.tif
| subdivision_type        = Country
| image3 = Bathing ghat, Bulandshahr 1.tif
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|India}}
| image4 = Bulandshahr ki nahar.tif
| subdivision_type1      = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| image5 = Kaala Aam Chauraha.jpg
| subdivision_name1      = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| image6 = Bulandshahr exhibition grounds.tif
| subdivision_type2      = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| image7 = Bathing ghat, Bulandshahr 2.tif
| subdivision_name2      = [[Bulandshahr district|Bulandshahr]]
| image8 = Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr.png
| established_title      = <!-- Established -->
 
| established_date        =  
| founder                = King [[Ahibaran]]
| named_for              =  
| government_type        =  
| governing_body          =  
| unit_pref              = Metric
| area_footnotes          =  
| area_rank              =
| area_total_km2          = 64
| elevation_footnotes    =
| elevation_m            = 195
| population_total        = 235310<ref name="CoI 2011" />
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank        =
| population_density_km2  = 788
| population_demonym      =
| population_footnotes    =
| demographics_type1      = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1    = Official
| demographics1_info1    = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=21 December 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2    = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics1_info2    = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +5:30
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code            = 203001
| area_code_type          = Telephone code
| area_code              = 91 (5732)
| registration_plate      = UP-13
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1.892 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| website                = {{URL|bulandshahar.nic.in}}
| footnotes              =
}}
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption = '''Left to right, top to bottom:''' Garden Gate, Mahatma Gandhi bust (Malika park), Bathing ghat, Nahar (Canal), Kala Aam, Exhibition grounds, Kali Nadi bridge and MiG-27 fighter aircraft at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28|24|25|N|77|50|59|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bulandshahr district|Bulandshahr]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder = King [[Ahibaran]]
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 72
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 195
| population_total = 235310<ref name="CoI 2011" />
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 788
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web |title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |website=nclm.nic.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]] |access-date=21 December 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| demographics1_title3 = Native
| demographics1_info3 = {{hlist|[[Kauravi|Khariboli]] |[[Braj Bhasha]]}}
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 203001
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91 (5732)
| registration_plate = UP-13
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1.892 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| website = {{URL|bulandshahar.nic.in}}
}}
'''Bulandshahr''', formerly '''Baran''', is a city and a [[municipal board]] in [[Bulandshahr district]] in the [[States and union territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref name="BulProfile">{{cite web |title=District-Profile {{!}} District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://bulandshahar.nic.in/district-profile/ |access-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119145846/https://bulandshahar.nic.in/district-profile/ |archive-date=19 January 2021}}</ref>


'''Bulandshahr''' is a city and a [[municipal board]] in [[Bulandshahr district]] in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]], India.<ref name="BulProfile">{{cite web |title=District-Profile {{!}} District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://bulandshahar.nic.in/district-profile/ |access-date=17 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119145846/https://bulandshahar.nic.in/district-profile/ |archive-date=17 April 2021}}</ref> It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr District. According to the Government of India, the district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the 2011 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://minorityaffairs.gov.in/sites/default/files/MCDs_category.pdf |title=List of Minority Concentration Districts (Category 'A' & 'B') |publisher=minorityaffairs.gov.in |access-date=25 February 2019}}</ref> The distance between Bulandshahr and [[New Delhi]] is 68&nbsp;km.<ref name=Map/>
It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr district and part of [[Delhi]] [[National Capital Region (India)|NCR]] region. According to the Government of India, district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]] data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://minorityaffairs.gov.in/sites/default/files/MCDs_category.pdf |title=List of Minority Concentration Districts (Category 'A' & 'B') |publisher=minorityaffairs.gov.in |access-date=25 February 2019}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
An early history of Bulandshahr and its origin of name is given by British [[District magistrate|District magistrate and collector]] for the [[Indian Civil Service]], [[Frederic Salmon Growse]], in a paper titled "Bulandshahr Antiquities" published in the ''Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal'' in 1879.<ref name=Growse1879>{{cite journal |last=Growse|first=F. S.|title=Bulandshahr Antiquities |journal=Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal |date=1879 |pages=270–276 |url=https://archive.org/details/journalofasiatic48asia/page/270/mode/2up?q=growse}}</ref> Bulandshahr was founded as 'Baran' by the king [[Ahibaran]].<ref name=Provinces>{{Cite book|last=Provinces (India)|first=North-Western|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJ0IAAAAQAAJ&q=Ahibaran+Baran+bulandshahr&pg=PA78|title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Meerut division. v.2:pt.1. Saháranpur District. v.2:pt.2. Aligarh District. v.3:pt.1. Bulandshahr District. v.3:pt.2. Meerut (Mirath) District. v.3:pt.3. Muzaffarnagar District|date=1875|publisher=Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press|pages=78|language=en}}</ref>
An early history of Bulandshahr and the origin of its name is given by British [[District magistrate|District magistrate and collector]] for the [[Indian Civil Service]], [[Frederic Salmon Growse]], in a paper titled "Bulandshahr Antiquities" published in the ''[[The Asiatic Society|Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal]]'' in 1879.<ref name=Growse1879>{{cite journal |last=Growse |first=F. S. |title=Bulandshahr Antiquities |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |date=1879 |pages=270–276 |url=https://archive.org/details/journalofasiatic48asia/page/270/mode/2up?q=growse}}</ref> Bulandshahr was founded as 'Baran' by the king [[Ahibaran]].<ref name=Provinces>{{Cite book |last=Provinces (India) |first=North-Western |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJ0IAAAAQAAJ&q=Ahibaran+Baran+bulandshahr&pg=PA78 |title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Meerut division. v.2:pt.1. Saháranpur District. v.2:pt.2. Aligarh District. v.3:pt.1. Bulandshahr District. v.3:pt.2. Meerut (Mirath) District. v.3:pt.3. Muzaffarnagar District |date=1875 |publisher=Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press |pages=78 |language=en}}</ref>


Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as "high city",<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ig9uAAAAMAAJ&q=bulandshahr+high+land+persian|title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr|date=1980|publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh|language=en}}</ref> ({{lang-fa|بلند شهر}}), which translates as Bulandshahr in [[Persian language]] during the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] era.
Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as "high city",<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ig9uAAAAMAAJ&q=bulandshahr+high+land+persian |title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr |date=1980 |publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh |language=en}}</ref> ({{langx|fa|بلند شهر}}), which translates as Bulandshahr in Persian language during the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] era.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Everett-Heath |first=John |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001/acref-9780191882913;jsessionid=2690413E8ADB04D203724A712F92F57E |title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names |date=24 October 2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-188291-3 |language=en-US |doi=10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001}}</ref>


== History ==
==History==
===Early history===
===Early history===
Growse's discoveries in the 1880s showed that Baran was inhabited by Buddhists between 400 and 600AD.<ref name="Nevill1922">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H. R. |title=District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh Bulandshar Vol-V |date=1922 |publisher=Government Branch Press |location=Lucknow |pages=204–208|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.1369/page/n217/mode/2up?q=Growseganj+}}</ref>
The history of Bulandshahr begins even before 1200 B.C. This region is nearer to the capital of [[Pandava]]s – [[Indraprasth]] and [[Hastinapur]]. After the decline of Hastinapur, Ahar which is situated in the north east of district Bulandshahr became an important place for [[Pandavas]]. With the passage of time, the king Parmal's descendant Maharaja Ahibaran<ref>{{Cite book |last=Atkinson |first=Edwin T. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CBTc7SPqr2kC&dq=ahibaran+family&pg=PA84 |title=Statistical descriptive and historical account of the North-Western provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin [Felix] Thomas Atkinson |date=1876 |publisher=North-Western Provinces' Government Press |language=en}}</ref> made a fort on this part of region and laid the foundation of a tower called Baran(Bulandshahr).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Kuar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ttqwEAAAQBAJ&dq=ahibaran+family&pg=PA6 |title=Historical and Statistical Memoir of Zila Bulandshahar |date=2023-02-28 |publisher=BoD – Books on Demand |isbn=978-3-382-50031-3 |language=en}}</ref> Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as high city which was translated into Persian language as Bulandshahr. At present this is called by this name.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About District {{!}} District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh {{!}} India |url=https://bulandshahar.nic.in/about-district/ |access-date=2024-04-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> All evidences point it to being Varnavat as described in Mahabharat.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Bulandshahr, Bulandshahr Overview, Facts About Bulandshahr |url=https://www.bulandshahronline.in/city-guide/about-bulandshahr |access-date=2024-04-04 |website=www.bulandshahronline.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jaina |first=Sāgaramala |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYsKAAAAIAAJ&q=varnavat+baran |title=Jaina dharma kāyāpanīya sampradāya |date=1996 |publisher=Pārśvanātha Vidyāpīṭha |language=hi}}</ref>
 
The ancient ruins found at places Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur etc. are symbolic of antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues of medieval age and objects of ancient temples had been founded. Even today several historical and ancients objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in Lucknow State Museum .<ref name="Nevill1922">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H. R. |title=District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh Bulandshar Vol-V |date=1922 |publisher=Government Branch Press |location=Lucknow |pages=204–208 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.1369/page/n217/mode/2up?q=Growseganj+}}</ref>


The kingdom of Baran came to an end probably during the 12th century. In 1192 CE when [[Muhammad of Ghor|Muhammad Ghauri]] conquered parts of India, his general [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak|Qutubuddin Aibak]] surrounded Fort Baran and conquered it and the Raja Chandrasen Dodiya was killed and Aibak took control of the Baran kingdom.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
The kingdom of Baran came to an end probably during the 12th century. It was being ruled by Dod Rajputs who were tributaries of the royal family of Baran, Baranwals and ruled under the royal family's name, the family was considered a direct descendant of Pandavas. In 1192 CE when [[Muhammad of Ghor|Muhammad Ghauri]] conquered parts of India, his general [[Qutb-ud-din Aibak|Qutubuddin Aibak]] conquered Fort Baran; Raja Chandrasen Baran died fighting but not before killing Khwaja, the commander of the Aibak army, in whose memory a maqbara was built.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}


The ancient ruins found at places in Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur, etc. are indicative of the antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues belonging to the medieval age and objects of ancient temples have been found. Even today, several of these historical and ancient objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in the [[State Museum Lucknow]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
The ancient ruins found at places in Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur, etc. are indicative of the antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues belonging to the medieval age and objects of ancient temples have been found. Even today, several of these historical and ancient objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in the [[State Museum Lucknow]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}


===British rule===
===British rule===
[[Raja Lachhman Singh]] (1826-1896), who served the government from 1847 and wrote a ''Statistical Memoir of the Bulandshahr District'', moved to Bulandshahr following retirement.<ref name="Buckland">{{cite book |last1=Buckland |first1=C. E. |title=Dictionary of Indian Biography |year=1971 |publisher=Ardent Media |page=60 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8AKI2nqPBQC&pg=PA60 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=GrowsePreface>{{Cite book|last=Growse|first=Frederic Salmon|url=http://archive.org/details/bulandshahrorsk00growgoog|title=Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District: Social, Historical and Architectural|date=1884|publisher=Medical Hall Press|location=Benares|pages=10|language=English}}</ref>
[[Kuar Lachman Singh|Raja Lachhman Singh]] (1826–1896), who served the government from 1847 and wrote a ''Statistical Memoir of the Bulandshahr District'', moved to Bulandshahr following retirement.<ref name="Buckland">{{cite book |last1=Buckland |first1=C. E. |title=Dictionary of Indian Biography |year=1971 |publisher=Ardent Media |page=60 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y8AKI2nqPBQC&pg=PA60 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=GrowsePreface>{{Cite book |last=Growse |first=Frederic Salmon |url=http://archive.org/details/bulandshahrorsk00growgoog |title=Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District: Social, Historical and Architectural |date=1884 |publisher=Medical Hall Press |location=Benares |pages=10 |language=English}}</ref>
 
The first collector of Bulandshahr was [[Robert Lowther (collector)|Robert Lowther]].<ref name=Atkinson1876>{{Cite book |last=Atkinson |first=Edwin Thomas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G9jaXsOc-tEC&pg=PA127 |title=Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: 3.:Meerut division part 2 |date=1876 |publisher=North-Western Provinces Government |pages=127–128 |language=en}}</ref>
 
====Indian Rebellion of 1857====
A large number of [[Gurjar]] and [[Rajput]] rulers, called [[zamindar]]s, rebelled and attacked Bulandshahr itself on 21 May 1857.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tewari |first=J. P. |title=The Revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District |date=1966 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44140455 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=28 |pages=365–376 |jstor=44140455 |issn=2249-1937}}</ref> The Gurjars plundered multiple towns such as [[Sikandrabad]]. They burnt down Telegraph lines and Dak Bungalows. The rebelling [[Nawab]], Walidad Khan also belonged from Bulandshahr. The presence of Nawab Walidad Khan in Bulandshahr had completely paralysed the British about this time.<ref>{{Citation |last=Heehs |first=Peter |title=British Rule and Indian Revolt |date=29 August 1991 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195627985.003.0003 |work=India's Freedom Struggle 1857-1947 |pages=18–31 |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195627985.003.0003 |isbn=978-0-19-562798-5 |access-date=9 November 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
 
Walidad Khan recruited a large number of Indian Muslims who had been serving in the [[Silladar Cavalry|Irregular Cavalry]], such as Skinner's Horse.<ref>{{cite journal |journal= Bengal, Past & Present: Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society |volume= 86 |year= 1967|publisher= Calcutta Historical Society|page= 47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TxbjAAAAMAAJ&q=pathan+basti+irregular+cavalry |last=Stokes |first=Eric | title=Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr District}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Fleetwood Williams |title= Narrative of Events Attending the Outbreak of Disturbances and the Restoration of Authority in the District of Meerut in 1857-58 |publisher= Government Press |page= 59 }}</ref>


The [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] is generally associated with the surrounding areas such [[Meerut]], [[Delhi]] and [[Aligarh]].<ref name="Tewari1966">{{cite journal |last1=Tewari |first1=J. P. |title=The revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=1966 |volume=28 |pages=365–376 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44140455?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3A1fd0f515f829d6f33a0249ff7ea10782&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents |issn=2249-1937|url-access=subscription}}</ref> On 20 May 1857, the 9th regiment of Bulandshahr looted the treasury at Bulandshahr. [[Alfred Comyn Lyall|Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall]] was subsequently appointed assistant magistrate of Bulandshahr, and [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts|Lord Roberts]] was also present in the district.<ref name="Tewari1966"/><ref name="Mukherjee1958">{{cite journal |last1=Mukherjee |first1=Paresh Nath |title=Bulandshahr in 1857 rising |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=1958 |volume=21 |pages=496–500 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145246?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3Ae5815c2bea38455a0676119388ca31b3&seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents |issn=2249-1937|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr district |journal=The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India |date=1978 |pages=140–158 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/peasant-and-the-raj/nawab-walidad-khan-and-the-1857-struggle-in-the-bulandshahr-district/2F8D5DB84BACC27BAC95DF787504A08C |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]}}</ref>
<gallery>
File:1st Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review, 1828.jpg|Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review
File:Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840 (c).jpg|Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840
</gallery>


Hindi scholar, archaeologist and [[district magistrate and collector]] of Bulandshahr from 1876 to 1884, Frederic Growse, resided at Collector's House, Bulandshahr.<ref name=today/> In 1884 he published ''Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural''.<ref name=JRAS1893>{{cite book|title=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PKrsuYUrWg0C|year=1893|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland|pages=650–652}}</ref>
The [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] is generally associated with the surrounding areas, such as [[Meerut]], [[Delhi]] and [[Aligarh]].<ref name="Tewari1966">{{cite journal |last1=Tewari |first1=J. P. |title=The revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=1966 |volume=28 |pages=365–376 |jstor=44140455 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44140455 |issn=2249-1937 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> On 20 May 1857, the 9th regiment of Bulandshahr looted the treasury at Bulandshahr. [[Alfred Comyn Lyall|Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall]] was subsequently appointed assistant magistrate of Bulandshahr, and [[Frederick Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts|Lord Roberts]] was also present in the district.<ref name="Tewari1966"/><ref name="Mukherjee1958">{{cite journal |last1=Mukherjee |first1=Paresh Nath |title=Bulandshahr in 1857 rising |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |date=1958 |volume=21 |pages=496–500 |jstor=44145246 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145246 |issn=2249-1937 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India |series=Cambridge South Asian Studies, vol. 23 |date=1978 |pages=140–158 |chapter-url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/peasant-and-the-raj/nawab-walidad-khan-and-the-1857-struggle-in-the-bulandshahr-district/2F8D5DB84BACC27BAC95DF787504A08C |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511563416.008 |isbn=9780521216845 |chapter=Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr district | last= Stokes | first= Eric}}</ref>


===Park===
Raja Babu Park had been constructed in Bulandshahr in 1837, and a statue of [[Queen Victoria]] was placed there in 1901, when the park was renamed ‘Maharani Victoria Park’.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/09/0911_PART_A_DCHB_BULANDSHAHR.pdf "Census of India 2011: Bulandshahr village and town directory"]. Series 10, PART XII-A.</ref>
Raja Babu Park had been constructed in Bulandshahr in 1837, and a statue of [[Queen Victoria]] was placed there in 1901, when the park was renamed ‘Maharani Victoria Park’.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/09/0911_PART_A_DCHB_BULANDSHAHR.pdf "Census of India 2011: Bulandshahr village and town directory"]. Series 10, PART XII-A.</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" >
 
File:Garden Gate, Bulandshahr (1880s).png|thumb|Garden Gate, Bulandshahr (1880s)<ref name=today>{{Cite web|title=Indian Architecture of To-day as Exemplified in the New Buildings of Bulandshahr District, Part II · Highlights from the Digital Content Library|url=https://dcl.dash.umn.edu/highlights/items/show/256|access-date=17 April 2021|website=dcl.dash.umn.edu}}</ref>
===Development under Frederick Growse===
File:Town Hall Bulandshahr. North Verandah. Photograph by Chunni Lál.png|thumb|Town Hall Bulandshahr. North Verandah (Chunni Lál)<ref name=today/>
Growse, [[district magistrate and collector]] of Bulandshahr from 1876 to 1884, resided at Collector's House.<ref name=today/> In 1884 he published ''Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural''.<ref name=JRAS1893>{{cite journal |title=Obituary Notice: Frederic Salmon Growse |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PKrsuYUrWg0C |date=July 1893  |volume=46|pages=650–652 |jstor=25197161 |doi= 10.1017/S0035869X0014359X |s2cid=250349621 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
File:Collector's House, Bulandshahr.jpg|thumb|Collector's House, Bulandshahr, image from text of 1886.<ref name=today/>
 
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Garden Gate, Bulandshahr (1880s).jpg|[[Garden Gate, Bulandshahr|Garden Gate]]: entrance to Town Hall and Moti Bagh (1880s)<ref name=today>{{Cite web |title=Indian Architecture of To-day as Exemplified in the New Buildings of Bulandshahr District, Part II · Highlights from the Digital Content Library |url=https://dcl.dash.umn.edu/highlights/items/show/256 |access-date=17 April 2021 |website=dcl.dash.umn.edu |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416165147/https://dcl.dash.umn.edu/highlights/items/show/256 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
File:Town Hall Bulandshahr. North Verandah. Photograph by Chunni Lál.jpg|[[Town Hall, Bulandshahr|Town Hall]]. North Verandah (Chunni Lál)<ref name=today/>
File:Collector's House, Bulandshahr.jpg|Old Collector's House (1886)<ref name=today/>
File:Bathing ghat Bulandshahr 1880.png|[[Bathing Ghat, Bulandshahr|Bathing ghat]] at [[Kali River (Uttar Pradesh)|Kali Nadi]]<ref>Growse, F.[https://archive.org/details/bulandshahrorsk00growgoog/page/n118/mode/2up?q=ghat ''Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural'']. Benares: Medical Hall Press, 1884. p. 67</ref>
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Post-independence==
==Post-independence==
Following India's independence, ‘Maharani Victoria Park’ was renamed after Shri Rajeshwar Dayal Saxena (Raja Babu), president of the Civil Bar Association and later president of Municipal Board, Bulandshahar. Later it was renamed again back to 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969 a statue of ‘Mahatma Gandhi’was established in the park.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr/>
Following India's independence, ‘Maharani Victoria Park’ was renamed after Rajeshwar Dayal Saxena, president of the Civil Bar Association and later president of Municipal Board, Bulandshahar. Later it was renamed again back to 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969 a bust of Mahatma Gandhi was established in the park.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr/>


==Geography==
==Geography==
The distance between Bulandshahr and [[New Delhi]] is 68 km.<ref name=Map>{{Cite web|title = New Delhi, Delhi to Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh directions, best route map, conditions and traffic info|url = http://www.distancebetweencities.co.in/new-delhi_delhi_and_bulandshahr_uttar-pradesh/route|website = www.distancebetweencities.co.in|access-date = 2 August 2015}}</ref> It lies in the Bulandshahr District on the Agra to Delhi Road, and is surrounded by [[Delhi]], [[Meerut]], [[Moradabad]], [[Badaun]] and [[Aligarh]].<ref name="Tewari1966"/>
The distance between Bulandshahr and [[New Delhi]] is 68&nbsp;km.<ref name="Map">{{Cite web |title=Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh to New Delhi, Delhi route by Road via NE 3 |url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/bulandshahr/new+delhi/@28.5636216,77.2490911,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x390ca6b2622913b1:0x911a6113e90ec604!2m2!1d77.8498292!2d28.406963!1m5!1m1!1s0x390cfd5b347eb62d:0x52c2b7494e204dce!2m2!1d77.2090212!2d28.6139391!3e0 |access-date=8 June 2022 |website=maps.google.com}}</ref> It lies in the Bulandshahr district on the Agra to Delhi Road, and is surrounded by [[Delhi]], [[Meerut]], [[Moradabad]], [[Badaun]] and [[Aligarh]].<ref name="Tewari1966"/>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
As per provisional data of 2011 census, Bulandshahr urban agglomeration had a population of 235,310, out of which males were 125,549 and females were 111,761. Population in the age groups of 0 to 6 years was 30,886. The total number of literates were 160,203, of which 90,761 were males and 69,442 were females. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population was 78.37%.<ref name="CoI 2011">{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 |access-date = 7 July 2012 }}</ref>
As per provisional data of 2011 census, Bulandshahr urban agglomeration had a population of 235,310, out of which males were 125,549 and females were 111,761. Population in the age groups of 0 to 6 years was 30,886. The total number of literates were 160,203, of which 90,761 were males and 69,442 were females. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population was 78.37%.<ref name="CoI 2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf |title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 |access-date= 7 July 2012}}</ref>
<!---hide uncited figures, not mentioned in the body.
{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Bulandshahr
|title=Religions in Bulandshahr
Line 105: Line 143:
|caption=Distribution of religions<br />
|caption=Distribution of religions<br />
†<small>Includes [[Sikh]]s (0.35%), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (<0.04%).</small>
†<small>Includes [[Sikh]]s (0.35%), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (<0.04%).</small>
}}
}} end commenting out--->


==Administration and politics==
==Administration and politics==
Line 111: Line 149:


==Buildings==
==Buildings==
Bulandshahr has four gates; Bunford Club Gate, Fatehganj Gate, Growseganj Gate and Moti Bagh Gate.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr/>
Bulandshahr has four gates; Bunford Club Gate, Fatehganj Gate, Growseganj Gate and Moti Bagh Gate.<ref name=2011CensusBulandshahr/>{{clarify|date=February 2023}}


==Events==
==Events==
The town hosts an annual exhibition known as 'numaish'.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkNAQAAMAAJ&q=bulandshahr+numaish|title=The Geographer|date=1982|publisher=Aligarh Muslim University Geographical Society.|language=en}}</ref>
The town hosts an annual exhibition known as '[[Exhibition, Bulandshahr|numaish]]'.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0QkNAQAAMAAJ&q=bulandshahr+numaish |title=The Geographer |date=1982 |publisher=Aligarh Muslim University Geographical Society. |language=en |page=70}}</ref>
 
==Attractions==
===Clock Tower===
 
The [[Clock Tower at Malka Park]] is a historical landmark from the [[Victorian era]] located at the centre of [[Bulandshahr district]] in Raja Babu Park or Malka Park which was constructed during the British period in 1837. In 1901, a statue of [[Queen Victoria]] was placed in this park and the park was named as 'Maharani Victoria Park'. After the independence of the country, it was renamed as 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969, a statue of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] was established inside the tower.<ref name="District Bulandshahr">{{cite web |title=District Bulandshahr |url=https://bulandshahar.nic.in/tourist-place/clock-tower/ |website=bulandshahar.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bulandshahr |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1192/download/3782/DH_2011_0911_PART_A_DCHB_BULANDSHAHR.pdf |website=CensusIndia}}</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Statue of Mahatma Gandhi, Malika park, Bulandshahr.tif|Clock tower at Malka park<ref name="District Bulandshahr"/>
</gallery>
 
===Kuchesar Fort===
 
[[Kuchesar Fort]] (alternatively known as 'Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort') is located at [[Kuchesar]], in Bulandshahr, [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]], approximately 84.3 kilometres (52.4 miles) east of [[Delhi]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kuchesarfort.com/|website=kuchesarfort.com |title=Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar  |access-date=5 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mud Fort |url=https://bulandshahar.nic.in/tourist-place/mud-fort/ |website=bulandshahar.nic.in}}</ref>
 
The fort served as the erstwhile seat of the Jat Kingdom of Uttar Pradesh.<ref name="Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort">{{cite web |title=Mud Fort |url=http://kuchesarfort.com/
|website=Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort |access-date=23 November 2020}}</ref>
 
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Kuchesar Mud Fort.jpg|Mud Fort at Kuchesar<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://worldarchitecture.org/architecture-projects/cphn/kuchesar_mud_fort_as_a_heritage_hotel-project-pages.html|title=Kuchesar Mud Fort, as a Heritage Hotel|website=worldarchitecture.org|language=en|access-date=2018-06-06}}</ref>
</gallery>
 
===MiG-27 Fighter Aircraft===
 
[[Mikoyan MiG-27]], a [[supersonic]] [[swing-wing]] fighter aircraft is placed on static display at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar, Bulandshahr. This is the first [[MiG-27]] to be preserved and publicly displayed in [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name=promo>{{cite web |first1=PVS Jagan |last1=Mohan |title=MiG 27 ML [TS517] at Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr |url=https://www.warbirdsofindia.com/uttarpradesh/bulandshahr-vafs-mig27-ts517/ |website=Warbirds of India |date=29 May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=AerialVisuals |url=https://www.aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=336111 |website=www.aerialvisuals.ca}}</ref>
 
The [[Kargil War]] veteran has also featured on 'Warbirds of India'
<ref name=promo /> by PVS Jagan Mohan, a military historian who authored [[The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=MOHAN |first1=PVS JAGAN |last2=CHOPRA |first2=SAMIR |title=The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965 |publisher=Manohar Books}}</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr.png|MiG-27 at Veteran's Air force School<ref name=promo />
</gallery>


== Notable people ==
==Notable people==
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
<!---♦♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦♦--->
*[[Capt. Abbas Ali]]<ref name="TH2014">{{cite news |title=Freedom fighter Abbas Ali to support Arvind Kejriwal |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/freedom-fighter-abbas-ali-to-support-arvind-kejriwal/article5854491.ece |access-date=12 April 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=31 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709063021/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/freedom-fighter-abbas-ali-to-support-arvind-kejriwal/article5854491.ece |archive-date=12 April 2021 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
*[[Capt. Abbas Ali]]<ref name="TH2014">{{cite news |title=Freedom fighter Abbas Ali to support Arvind Kejriwal |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/freedom-fighter-abbas-ali-to-support-arvind-kejriwal/article5854491.ece |access-date=12 April 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=31 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709063021/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/freedom-fighter-abbas-ali-to-support-arvind-kejriwal/article5854491.ece |archive-date=9 July 2014 |language=en-IN}}</ref>
*[[Amit Bhadana]]<ref name="Bose">{{cite book|last=Bose|first=Ajitabha |title=The Youtube Stars Of India: And their journey to stardom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oH0eEAAAQBAJ|publisher=Ajitabha Publishers|isbn=978-81-949914-3-4|page=39}}</ref>
*[[Ahibaran]], legendary founder of the city
*[[Kay Baxter (dramatist)|Kay Baxter]]<ref name="ODNBBaxter">{{cite ODNB|last1=Wilson |first1=Derek |title=Baxter [née fforde], Kathleen Mary Carver [Kay] |publisher=OUP |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/72210 |year=2004 }}</ref>
*[[Ziauddin Barani]], Indian historian
*[[Sonal Chauhan]]<ref name="Chauhan">{{cite web |title=All you want to know about #SonalChauhan |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sonal-chauhan.html#biography |website=FilmiBeat |access-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207031202/https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sonal-chauhan.html#biography |archive-date=13 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Kay Baxter (dramatist)|Kay Baxter]], dramatist, journalist and teacher<ref name="ODNBBaxter">{{cite ODNB |last1=Wilson |first1=Derek |title=Baxter [née fforde], Kathleen Mary Carver [Kay] |publisher=OUP |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/72210 |year=2004}}</ref>
*[[Banarasi Das]]<ref name="Das">{{cite book |last1=Brass |first1=Paul R. |title=An Indian Political Life: Charan Singh and Congress Politics, 1957 to 1967 |publisher=SAGE Publications India |isbn=978-81-321-1715-5 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=7bKICwAAQBAJ&pg=PT405|page=405 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Amit Bhadana]], YouTuber and comedian
*[[Jaiprakash Gaur]]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Damodaran|first=Harish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92F7DwAAQBAJ|title=INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation|date=2018|publisher=Hachette India|isbn=978-93-5195-280-0|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Ashiq Ilahi Bulandshahri]], Indian Islamic scholar
*[[Sonal Chauhan]]<ref name="Chauhan">{{cite web |title=All you want to know about #SonalChauhan |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sonal-chauhan.html#biography |website=FilmiBeat |access-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180207031202/https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sonal-chauhan.html#biography |archive-date=7 February 2018 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Banarasi Das]]<ref name="Das">{{cite book |last1=Brass |first1=Paul R. |title=An Indian Political Life: Charan Singh and Congress Politics, 1957 to 1967 |date=13 November 2012 |publisher=SAGE Publications India |isbn=978-81-321-1715-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bKICwAAQBAJ&pg=PT405 |page=405 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Jaiprakash Gaur]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Damodaran |first=Harish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=92F7DwAAQBAJ |title=INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation |date=2018 |publisher=Hachette India |isbn=978-93-5195-280-0 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Saloni Gaur]]
*[[Saloni Gaur]]
*[[Masroor Hosain]], Indian-Pakistani fighter pilot<ref>{{cite web|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Masroor_Hosain_Obituary_note.jpg|title=Shaheen|publisher=[[Pakistan Air Force]]|year=1967}}</ref>
*[[Arif Mohammad Khan]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Shri. Arif Mohammed Khan {{!}} Kerala Agricultural University |url=http://www.kau.edu/people/shri-arif-mohammed-khan |website=www.kau.edu |access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
*[[Arif Mohammad Khan]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Shri. Arif Mohammed Khan {{!}} Kerala Agricultural University |url=http://www.kau.edu/people/shri-arif-mohammed-khan |website=www.kau.edu |access-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
*[[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]], fast bowler in the Indian cricket team.
*[[Bhuvneshwar Kumar]], fast bowler in the Indian cricket team.
*[[Satish Kumar (boxer)|Satish Kumar]]<ref name="Kumar">{{cite web |title=History-maker Satish Kumar at the nation's service |url=https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/features/detail/indian-boxer-satish-kumar-tokyo-olympics-super-heavyweight-army/ |website=Olympic Channel |access-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126213035/https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/features/detail/indian-boxer-satish-kumar-tokyo-olympics-super-heavyweight-army/ |archive-date=13 April 2021}}</ref>
*[[Satish Kumar (boxer)|Satish Kumar]]<ref name="Kumar">{{cite web |title=History-maker Satish Kumar at the nation's service |url=https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/features/detail/indian-boxer-satish-kumar-tokyo-olympics-super-heavyweight-army/ |website=Olympic Channel |access-date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126213035/https://www.olympicchannel.com/en/stories/features/detail/indian-boxer-satish-kumar-tokyo-olympics-super-heavyweight-army/ |archive-date=26 November 2020}}</ref>
*[[Hitesh Kumari]], former minister of UP irrigation department, and MLA from [[Debai (Assembly constituency)|Debai assembly constituency]].
*[[Hitesh Kumari]], former minister of UP irrigation department, and MLA from [[Debai (Assembly constituency)|Debai assembly constituency]].
<!-- NOT *[[Vijay Singh Pathik]], he was from Guthawali village in Bulandshahr district, not Bulandshahr itself -->
<!-- NOT *[[Vijay Singh Pathik]], he was from Guthawali village in Bulandshahr district, not Bulandshahr itself -->
Line 135: Line 205:
*[[Arfa Khanum Sherwani]], Indian journalist
*[[Arfa Khanum Sherwani]], Indian journalist
*[[Kushal Pal Singh]], CEO of [[DLF Limited]], India's largest real estate developer.
*[[Kushal Pal Singh]], CEO of [[DLF Limited]], India's largest real estate developer.
*[[Neera Yadav]], ex-officer of the [[Indian Administrative Service]].
*[[Neera Yadav (civil servant)|Neera Yadav]], ex-officer of the [[Indian Administrative Service]].
<!---♦♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦♦--->
*[[Yogendra Singh Yadav]], youngest ever [[Param Vir Chakra]] winner.
*[[Zafar H. Zaidi]], scientist
<!---♦♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Bharatpedia ♦♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦♦--->
{{Div col end}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" >
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Bulandshahr Railway Station.jpg|Bulandshahr Railway Station  
File:Bulandshahr Railway Station.jpg|Bulandshahr Railway Station
File:Bulandshahr street frontage.png|Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
File:Bulandshahr street frontage.png|Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
File:Sunaro wali gali, Bulandshahr.jpg|thumb|Sunaro wali galli
File:Sunaro wali gali, Bulandshahr.jpg|Sunaro wali galli
File:Cow, Bulandshahr, India (2012).png|Cow on street
File:Maman road, Bulandshahr .jpg|Maman road, Bulandshahr
File:Maman road, Bulandshahr .jpg|Maman road, Bulandshahr  
File:Bulandshahr vegetable market.jpg|Bulandshahr vegetable market
File:Bulandshahr vegetable market.jpg|thumb|Bulandshahr vegetable market
</gallery>
</gallery>
==See also==
*[[Baranwal]]


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:14, 29 January 2026

For the book by Frederic Growse, see Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District.
Bulandshahr
City
Left to right, top to bottom: Garden Gate, Mahatma Gandhi bust (Malika park), Bathing ghat, Nahar (Canal), Kala Aam, Exhibition grounds, Kali Nadi bridge and MiG-27 fighter aircraft at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar
Bulandshahr is located in Uttar Pradesh
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Bulandshahr is located in India
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr (India)
Coordinates: 28°24′25″N 77°50′59″E / 28.40694°N 77.84972°E / 28.40694; 77.84972
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DistrictBulandshahr
Founded byKing Ahibaran
Area
 • Total72 km2 (28 sq mi)
Elevation
195 m (640 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total235,310[1]
 • Density788/km2 (2,040/sq mi)
Language
 • OfficialHindi[2]
 • Additional officialUrdu[2]
 • Native
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
203001
Telephone code91 (5732)
Vehicle registrationUP-13
Sex ratio1.892 ♂/♀
Websitebulandshahar.nic.in

Bulandshahr, formerly Baran, is a city and a municipal board in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.[3]

It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr district and part of Delhi NCR region. According to the Government of India, district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the 2011 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.[4]

Etymology[edit | edit source]

An early history of Bulandshahr and the origin of its name is given by British District magistrate and collector for the Indian Civil Service, Frederic Salmon Growse, in a paper titled "Bulandshahr Antiquities" published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1879.[5] Bulandshahr was founded as 'Baran' by the king Ahibaran.[6]

Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as "high city",[7] (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), which translates as Bulandshahr in Persian language during the Mughal era.[8]

History[edit | edit source]

Early history[edit | edit source]

The history of Bulandshahr begins even before 1200 B.C. This region is nearer to the capital of Pandavas – Indraprasth and Hastinapur. After the decline of Hastinapur, Ahar which is situated in the north east of district Bulandshahr became an important place for Pandavas. With the passage of time, the king Parmal's descendant Maharaja Ahibaran[9] made a fort on this part of region and laid the foundation of a tower called Baran(Bulandshahr).[10] Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as high city which was translated into Persian language as Bulandshahr. At present this is called by this name.[11] All evidences point it to being Varnavat as described in Mahabharat.[12][13]

The ancient ruins found at places Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur etc. are symbolic of antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues of medieval age and objects of ancient temples had been founded. Even today several historical and ancients objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in Lucknow State Museum .[14]

The kingdom of Baran came to an end probably during the 12th century. It was being ruled by Dod Rajputs who were tributaries of the royal family of Baran, Baranwals and ruled under the royal family's name, the family was considered a direct descendant of Pandavas. In 1192 CE when Muhammad Ghauri conquered parts of India, his general Qutubuddin Aibak conquered Fort Baran; Raja Chandrasen Baran died fighting but not before killing Khwaja, the commander of the Aibak army, in whose memory a maqbara was built.[citation needed]

The ancient ruins found at places in Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur, etc. are indicative of the antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues belonging to the medieval age and objects of ancient temples have been found. Even today, several of these historical and ancient objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in the State Museum Lucknow.[citation needed]

British rule[edit | edit source]

Raja Lachhman Singh (1826–1896), who served the government from 1847 and wrote a Statistical Memoir of the Bulandshahr District, moved to Bulandshahr following retirement.[15][16]

The first collector of Bulandshahr was Robert Lowther.[17]

Indian Rebellion of 1857[edit | edit source]

A large number of Gurjar and Rajput rulers, called zamindars, rebelled and attacked Bulandshahr itself on 21 May 1857.[18] The Gurjars plundered multiple towns such as Sikandrabad. They burnt down Telegraph lines and Dak Bungalows. The rebelling Nawab, Walidad Khan also belonged from Bulandshahr. The presence of Nawab Walidad Khan in Bulandshahr had completely paralysed the British about this time.[19]

Walidad Khan recruited a large number of Indian Muslims who had been serving in the Irregular Cavalry, such as Skinner's Horse.[20][21]

  • Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review
    Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review
  • Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840
    Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is generally associated with the surrounding areas, such as Meerut, Delhi and Aligarh.[22] On 20 May 1857, the 9th regiment of Bulandshahr looted the treasury at Bulandshahr. Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall was subsequently appointed assistant magistrate of Bulandshahr, and Lord Roberts was also present in the district.[22][23][24]

Park[edit | edit source]

Raja Babu Park had been constructed in Bulandshahr in 1837, and a statue of Queen Victoria was placed there in 1901, when the park was renamed ‘Maharani Victoria Park’.[25]

Development under Frederick Growse[edit | edit source]

Growse, district magistrate and collector of Bulandshahr from 1876 to 1884, resided at Collector's House.[26] In 1884 he published Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural.[27]

Post-independence[edit | edit source]

Following India's independence, ‘Maharani Victoria Park’ was renamed after Rajeshwar Dayal Saxena, president of the Civil Bar Association and later president of Municipal Board, Bulandshahar. Later it was renamed again back to 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969 a bust of Mahatma Gandhi was established in the park.[25]

Geography[edit | edit source]

The distance between Bulandshahr and New Delhi is 68 km.[29] It lies in the Bulandshahr district on the Agra to Delhi Road, and is surrounded by Delhi, Meerut, Moradabad, Badaun and Aligarh.[22]

Demographics[edit | edit source]

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Bulandshahr urban agglomeration had a population of 235,310, out of which males were 125,549 and females were 111,761. Population in the age groups of 0 to 6 years was 30,886. The total number of literates were 160,203, of which 90,761 were males and 69,442 were females. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population was 78.37%.[1]

Administration and politics[edit | edit source]

Bulandshahr is one of seven administrative sub-divisions of the District of Bulandshahr.[3]

Buildings[edit | edit source]

Bulandshahr has four gates; Bunford Club Gate, Fatehganj Gate, Growseganj Gate and Moti Bagh Gate.[25][clarification needed]

Events[edit | edit source]

The town hosts an annual exhibition known as 'numaish'.[30]

Attractions[edit | edit source]

Clock Tower[edit | edit source]

The Clock Tower at Malka Park is a historical landmark from the Victorian era located at the centre of Bulandshahr district in Raja Babu Park or Malka Park which was constructed during the British period in 1837. In 1901, a statue of Queen Victoria was placed in this park and the park was named as 'Maharani Victoria Park'. After the independence of the country, it was renamed as 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969, a statue of Mahatma Gandhi was established inside the tower.[31][32]

  • Clock tower at Malka park[31]
    Clock tower at Malka park[31]

Kuchesar Fort[edit | edit source]

Kuchesar Fort (alternatively known as 'Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort') is located at Kuchesar, in Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India, approximately 84.3 kilometres (52.4 miles) east of Delhi.[33][34]

The fort served as the erstwhile seat of the Jat Kingdom of Uttar Pradesh.[35]

  • Mud Fort at Kuchesar[36]
    Mud Fort at Kuchesar[36]

MiG-27 Fighter Aircraft[edit | edit source]

Mikoyan MiG-27, a supersonic swing-wing fighter aircraft is placed on static display at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar, Bulandshahr. This is the first MiG-27 to be preserved and publicly displayed in Uttar Pradesh.[37][38]

The Kargil War veteran has also featured on 'Warbirds of India' [37] by PVS Jagan Mohan, a military historian who authored The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965.[39]

  • MiG-27 at Veteran's Air force School[37]
    MiG-27 at Veteran's Air force School[37]

Notable people[edit | edit source]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • Bulandshahr Railway Station
    Bulandshahr Railway Station
  • Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
    Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
  • Sunaro wali galli
    Sunaro wali galli
  • Maman road, Bulandshahr
    Maman road, Bulandshahr
  • Bulandshahr vegetable market
    Bulandshahr vegetable market

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "District-Profile | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  4. ↑ "List of Minority Concentration Districts (Category 'A' & 'B')" (PDF). minorityaffairs.gov.in. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Growse, F. S. (1879). "Bulandshahr Antiquities". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: 270–276.
  6. ↑ Provinces (India), North-Western (1875). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Meerut division. v.2:pt.1. Saháranpur District. v.2:pt.2. Aligarh District. v.3:pt.1. Bulandshahr District. v.3:pt.2. Meerut (Mirath) District. v.3:pt.3. Muzaffarnagar District. Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press. p. 78.
  7. ↑ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1980.
  8. ↑ Everett-Heath, John (24 October 2019). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-188291-3.
  9. ↑ Atkinson, Edwin T. (1876). Statistical descriptive and historical account of the North-Western provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin [Felix] Thomas Atkinson. North-Western Provinces' Government Press.
  10. ↑ Singh, Kuar (28 February 2023). Historical and Statistical Memoir of Zila Bulandshahar. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 978-3-382-50031-3.
  11. ↑ "About District | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  12. ↑ "About Bulandshahr, Bulandshahr Overview, Facts About Bulandshahr". www.bulandshahronline.in. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  13. ↑ Jaina, Sāgaramala (1996). Jaina dharma kāyāpanīya sampradāya (in हिन्दी). Pārśvanātha Vidyāpīṭha.
  14. ↑ Nevill, H. R. (1922). District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh Bulandshar Vol-V. Lucknow: Government Branch Press. pp. 204–208.
  15. ↑ Buckland, C. E. (1971). Dictionary of Indian Biography. Ardent Media. p. 60.
  16. ↑ Growse, Frederic Salmon (1884). Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District: Social, Historical and Architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press. p. 10.
  17. ↑ Atkinson, Edwin Thomas (1876). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: 3.:Meerut division part 2. North-Western Provinces Government. pp. 127–128.
  18. ↑ Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The Revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140455.
  19. ↑ Heehs, Peter (29 August 1991), "British Rule and Indian Revolt", India's Freedom Struggle 1857-1947, Oxford University Press, pp. 18–31, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195627985.003.0003, ISBN 978-0-19-562798-5, retrieved 9 November 2021{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
  20. ↑ Stokes, Eric (1967). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr District". Bengal, Past & Present: Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society. 86. Calcutta Historical Society: 47.
  21. ↑ Fleetwood Williams. Narrative of Events Attending the Outbreak of Disturbances and the Restoration of Authority in the District of Meerut in 1857-58. Government Press. p. 59.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140455.
  23. ↑ Mukherjee, Paresh Nath (1958). "Bulandshahr in 1857 rising". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 21: 496–500. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44145246.
  24. ↑ Stokes, Eric (1978). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr district". The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India. Cambridge South Asian Studies, vol. 23. Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–158. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511563416.008. ISBN 9780521216845.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 "Census of India 2011: Bulandshahr village and town directory". Series 10, PART XII-A.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 "Indian Architecture of To-day as Exemplified in the New Buildings of Bulandshahr District, Part II · Highlights from the Digital Content Library". dcl.dash.umn.edu. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  27. ↑ "Obituary Notice: Frederic Salmon Growse". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 46: 650–652. July 1893. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0014359X. JSTOR 25197161. S2CID 250349621.
  28. ↑ Growse, F.Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press, 1884. p. 67
  29. ↑ "Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh to New Delhi, Delhi route by Road via NE 3". maps.google.com. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  30. ↑ The Geographer. Aligarh Muslim University Geographical Society. 1982. p. 70.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 "District Bulandshahr". bulandshahar.nic.in.
  32. ↑ "Bulandshahr" (PDF). CensusIndia.
  33. ↑ "Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar". kuchesarfort.com. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  34. ↑ "Mud Fort". bulandshahar.nic.in.
  35. ↑ "Mud Fort". Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  36. ↑ "Kuchesar Mud Fort, as a Heritage Hotel". worldarchitecture.org. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Mohan, PVS Jagan (29 May 2023). "MiG 27 ML [TS517] at Veteran's Air Force School Bulandshahr". Warbirds of India.
  38. ↑ "AerialVisuals". www.aerialvisuals.ca.
  39. ↑ MOHAN, PVS JAGAN; CHOPRA, SAMIR. The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965. Manohar Books.
  40. ↑ "Freedom fighter Abbas Ali to support Arvind Kejriwal". The Hindu. 31 March 2014. Archived from the original on 9 July 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  41. ↑ Wilson, Derek (2004). "Baxter [née fforde], Kathleen Mary Carver [Kay]". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). OUP. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/72210. Template:ODNBsub
  42. ↑ "All you want to know about #SonalChauhan". FilmiBeat. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  43. ↑ Brass, Paul R. (13 November 2012). An Indian Political Life: Charan Singh and Congress Politics, 1957 to 1967. SAGE Publications India. p. 405. ISBN 978-81-321-1715-5.
  44. ↑ Damodaran, Harish (2018). INDIA'S NEW CAPITALISTS: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-5195-280-0.
  45. ↑ "Shaheen". Pakistan Air Force. 1967.
  46. ↑ "Shri. Arif Mohammed Khan | Kerala Agricultural University". www.kau.edu. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  47. ↑ "History-maker Satish Kumar at the nation's service". Olympic Channel. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2021.

External links[edit | edit source]

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