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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}{{Use Indian English|date= January 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                           = Bina-Etawa
| name               = Bina
| native_name                    = बीना-इटावा
| other_name        = Bina-Etawa, Etawa  
| native_name_lang                =  
| nickname          =  
| other_name                      = Bina
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
| nickname                        =  
|photo1a = Bina Junction Railway Station.png
| image_skyline                  =  
|photo2a = Bina JP thermal Power plant.png
| image_alt                       =  
| spacing        = 10
| image_caption                   =  
| position        =
| pushpin_map                     = India Madhya Pradesh
| color_border    = Black
| pushpin_label_position         =  
| color          = white
| pushpin_map_alt                 =  
| size            = 300
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
| foot_montage    =}}
| coordinates                     = {{coord|24|10|48|N|78|12|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| image_alt         =  
| subdivision_type               = Country
| image_caption     = top: Bina Junction Railway Station,<br>bottom: JP Bina Thermal Plant
| subdivision_name               = {{flag|India}}
| pushpin_map       = India Madhya Pradesh
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| pushpin_label_position =  
| subdivision_name1               = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| pushpin_map_alt   =  
| subdivision_type2               = [[District]]
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
| subdivision_name2              = [[Bina-Etawa District]]
| coordinates       = {{coord|24|10|48|N|78|12|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| established_title               = <!-- Established -->
| subdivision_type   = Country
| established_date                = 1981
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| founder                        =
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| named_for                      =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| governing_body                 =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Madhya Pradesh|Division]]
| unit_pref                      = Metric
| subdivision_name2  = [[Bhopal division]]
| area_footnotes                  =  
| subdivision_type3  = [[List of districts of Madhya Pradesh|District]]
| area_rank                       =  
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bina -etawa District]]
| area_total_km2                 = 42
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| elevation_footnotes            =
| governing_body     = Bina Nagar Palika Parishad
| elevation_m                    = 413
| area_rank         = 51
| population_total               = 2,25,367<ref name="CENSUS2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/802153-bina-etawa-madhya-pradesh.html|title=Bina-Etawa Population|work=Census 2011|publisher=census2011.co.in|access-date=13 April 2017}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 64
| population_as_of               = 2011
| population_total   = 402,678<ref
| population_rank                =  
name="CENSUS2021">{{cite web|url=http://www.census2021.co.in/data/town/802153-bina-etawa-madhya-pradesh.html|title=Bina-Etawa Population|work=Census2021|publisher=census2021.co.in|access-date=13 April 2017|archive-date=2 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702062604/http://www.census2021.co.in/data/town/802153-bina-etawa-madhya-pradesh.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_density_km2         = auto
| population_as_of   = 2024
| population_demonym              =  
| population_density_km2 = 5,377
| population_footnotes           =  
| population_footnotes =  
| demographics_type1             = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1           = Official
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1             = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| demographics1_info1 = {{Unbulleted list|[[Hindi language|Hindi]]|[[Marwari language|Marwari]]|[[Malwi language|Malwi]]|[[Bundelkhandi language|Bundelkhandi]]|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]|[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]}}
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1         = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                    = +5:30
| utc_offset        = +5:30
| postal_code_type               = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                     = 470113
| postal_code     = 470113,470118, 470124, 464240
| registration_plate             = M.P-15
| registration_plate = MP-15, MP-08, MP-40
(proposed)
| website           =  
| website                         =  
| footnotes         =
| footnotes                       =  
| population_demonym =
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| elevation_m        = 412
}}
}}
'''Bina''', formerly known as '''Bina-Etawa''' or '''Etawa''', is a city in the Bina-etawa district of the Indian state of [[Madhya Pradesh]] . The city's name is derived from the [[Bina River (India)|Bina River]], which flows near the city.
Bina is one of the fastest growing cities in Madhya Pradesh. It is a center of economic and industrial activity in the state. The city is home to the [[Bina Refinery]], as well as the [[Jaypee Group]]'s 500 [[Megawatt|MW]] Jaypee Bina [[Thermal plant]] .<ref name=":0">{{Cite web| title=Bharat Oman Refineries Limited|url=https://borl.in/ |website=Bharat Oman Refineries Limited|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214045711/http://www.borl.in/|archive-date=14 December 2007}}</ref> This region is also known for its high-quality wheat, which is reportedly exported internationally.<ref>{{Cite web |title=“Today’s wheat market price in Bina {{!}} Madhya Pradesh” (translated from the Hindi आज बिना में गेहूं का मंडी भाव {{!}} मध्य प्रदेश |url=https://mandibhavindia.in/commodity/wheat/madhya-pradesh/sagar/bina |url-status=live |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=Mandibhav India}}</ref>{{Citation needed|date=June 2025}}


'''Bina-Etawa''', often shortened as '''Bina''', is a city and a sub-district in the [[Bina-Etawa district]] in the Indian state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Bina is also a [[Tehsil]] of Bina-Etawa district. The city is an important center of economic and industrial activities for the state; for instance, a [[Bina Etawa#Industry and economics|major oil refinery]] operated by [[Bharat Oman Refinery Limited]] is located in Bina.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Bharat Oman Refineries Limited|url=https://borl.in/|url-status=live|website=Bharat Oman Refineries Limited}}</ref> This region is famous for its high quality wheat, and is an important agricultural processing center{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}. Bina also contains an important railway junction. The routes from Delhi-Mumbai, Lucknow-Chennai, and Katni-Kota pass through Bina Railway Junction.
== Geography ==
Five rivers flow through the surrounding area. In addition to Bina River, they include:


Bina is situated near may sites of cultural and historical interest, which include[[Bhopal]] (the capital of Madhya Pradesh), [[Vidisha]], [[Sanchi]], [[Chanderi]], [[Malhargarh]] and [[Rahatgarh]] (famous for its waterfall).
* Motichur – location of the city's Katra temple
* [[Betwa River|Betwa]] – forms the border of the Bina and [[Ashoknagar district]]s
* Narayani – flows between Bina and [[Lalitpur, India|Lalitpur]]
* Silar


Bina Etawa is famous for its proximity to the ancient city of [[Eran]], which was situated nearby along the bank of the Bina River. [[Eran]] was the capital of Airikina Pradesha or Airkina Vishaya, an administrative division of the [[Gupta empire]]. It is among the oldest cities found in the region.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}
Bina is close to the ancient city of Eran. Eran was the capital of Airikina Pradesha, an administrative division of the [[Gupta Empire]]. Bina sits between [[Bhopal]] and [[Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh]]. It is among the oldest cities in the region and the oldest in the state.


==History==
The [[Bina River (India)|Bina]] and [[Betwa River]]s are the major water sources.<ref name="Profile">{{Cite web |title=Profile of Bina Etawa, History of Bina, Facts About Bina |url=https://bina-etawa.mponline.in/city-guide/about-bina-etawa |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=bina-etawa.mponline.in}}</ref>


Bina was formerly known as Etawa, the name of the village earlier present in the area. In 1923, the Bina Railway Junction was founded, with its name derived from the Bina River that flows nearby. The new name was chosen to remove any ambiguity between Itawa (located in Uttar Pradesh) and Etawa. Later, administrative documents began using the name Bina-Etawa, which led to the renaming of the city as Bina-Etawa.
== History ==
 
Bina was formerly known as Etawa, the name of an earlier village in the area. In 1923, the Bina Railway Junction was established, deriving it name from the river. The first Member of the Legislative Assembly of the [[Bina Assembly constituency]] was Ram Lal Nayak, elected in 1957. The name Bina-Etawa was unofficially used to remove any ambiguity between [[Itawah]] (located in [[Uttar Pradesh]]) and Etawa. Later, the city was officially renamed as Bina.


[[File:Khimlasa Bina.jpg|thumb|180px|Khimlasa Bina]]
[[File:Khimlasa Bina.jpg|thumb|180px|Khimlasa Bina]]


Located near the city, the Khimlasa Fort is a location of significant historical interest. Khimlasa Fort is said to have been founded by a Mohammedan noble, and was the mahal in the sarkar of [[Raisen]] of the subah of [[Malwa]].{{Clarify|reason=Terms "mahal", "sarkar" are not defined.|date=April 2021}} The town of Khimlasa is enclosed within a fortified wall built of stone rubble.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114222831/http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |archive-date=14 January 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>
Located near the city, Khimlasa Fort is of historical interest. The fort is said to have been founded by a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] noble and was the ''Mahal'' (palace) in the [[Sarkar (administrative division)|''Sarkar'']] of [[Raisen]] of [[Malwa Subah]]. The town of [[Khimlasa]] is enclosed within a fortified wall built of stone rubble.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |title=Places of Interest at Sagar District |access-date=2013-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114222831/http://sagar.nic.in/places.htm |archive-date=14 January 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref>


==Industry and economics==
== Industry and economy ==
[[File:BinaRefinery.jpg|thumb|Bina Refinery]]
{{Update section|date=March 2024}}[[File:BinaRefinery.jpg|thumb|Bina Refinery]]
[[Bharat Oman Refinery Limited]] owns a major oil refinery near Bina, "the only petroleum refinery in Central India [with a capacity of] 7.8 MMTPA."<ref name=":0" /> Bina Refinery has adopted technologies designed to process Arab Mix crude (65% Arab Light and 35% Arab Heavy). It also had the flexibility to process other types of Middle East crude. The project also includes a Coke-based Captive Cogeneration Power Plant of 99 MW (33 x 3).<ref>[http://www.borl.in/]</ref>
[[Bharat Oman Refinery Limited]] owns a major oil refinery near Bina, "the only petroleum refinery in Central India" with a capacity of 7.8 [billion [[tonnes]] per year.<ref name=":0" /> Bina Refinery is designed to process Arab [[crude oil]] (65% Arab [[Light crude oil|light]] and 35% Arab [[Heavy crude oil|heavy]]). It can process other crude oil. The project includes a [[Coke (fuel)|coke]]-based [[cogeneration power plant]] of 99 MW (33 x 3).<ref name=":0" />


[[Bina Thermal Power Plant]] is also under construction. A section of the power plant currently operates with a capacity of 500 MW, although this will scale up to 1200 MW when the plant reaches full capacity. The construction of a cement manufacturing plant has been proposed by the JAYPEE group in Bina.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jalindia.com/thermalpower.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-11-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125223730/http://www.jalindia.com/thermalpower.htm |archive-date=25 November 2013 |df=dmy }}</ref> A 1200kV National Test Station is also located in Bina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?Id=76 |title=Archived copy |access-date=4 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515145935/http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?Id=76 |archive-date=15 May 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
[[Bina Thermal Power Plant]] (a.k.a JayPee Bina Thermal Power Plant) has two thermal units of 250 MW capacity one each of which were launched in 2012 and 2013. A section of the power plant currently operates with a capacity of 500 MW, although this will scale to 1200 MW when the plant reaches capacity. The Bina Thermal Power Plant is presently owned by Jaiprakash Power Ventures (JP Power), which company also plans to establish a 50 MW solar PV plant in the same premises, with an estimated investment of ₹300 crore.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jaiprakash Power Ventures to Launch ₹300 Crore 50 MW Solar Plant in Madhya Pradesh &#8211; EQ |url=https://www.eqmagpro.com/jaiprakash-power-ventures-to-launch-%e2%82%b9300-crore-50-mw-solar-plant-in-madhya-pradesh-eq/ |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=Eqmagpro}}</ref> Also, the [[Power Grid Corporation of India]] (PGCIL) owns a 1200-KV test station in Bina that went operational in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PowerGrid operationalises 1,200-kV test station at Bina |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/powergrid-operationalises-1200-kv-test-station-at-bina-146728 |url-status=live |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=13 January 2026 |website=millenniumpost |df=dmy-all}}</ref>


The regional government of Madhya Pradesh plans to build an investment corridor between Bina and Bhopal, naming it the Bina-Bhopal Investment Corridor. Through this project, investment of around $1 billion (USD) is expected to upgrade local industry, subsidising the production of electrical equipment, fabricated metal, machinery, and equipment. Along with it, integrated township projects were also proposed near the city.<ref>[http://www.investmp.com/a-corridors.html]{{dead link|date=November 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Bina's first solar power plant, which will be used for operating railway trains and also in the lightning system for Bina junction, was also established in 2020.
The Madhya Pradesh regional government planned to build an investment corridor between Bina and Bhopal, naming it the Bina-Bhopal Investment Corridor. The project was expected to catalyze investment of around [[United States dollar|$]]1{{Nbsp}}billion to upgrade local industry, aiding the production of electrical equipment, fabricated metal, machinery, and equipment. Along with it, integrated township projects were proposed near the city.<ref>http://www.investmp.com/a-corridors.html{{dead link|date=November 2016|bot=Internet Archive Bot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> In a move toward achieving "Carbon Neutral" status by 2030, Bina's first solar power plant, was launched in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=INDIAN RAILWAYS – BINA SOLAR PLANT |url=https://uic.org/IMG/pdf/zero_carbon_technology_indian_railways.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=UIC org}}</ref> It primarily powers trains and lighting at Bina Junction station. Presently generating 1.7 MW, it can be expanded to 20 GW capacity. A [[MEMU]] (mainline electric multiple unit) car shed for operating local and high-speed MEMU trains in Madhya Pradesh and neighbouring states was established in 2021 by the [[Bhopal railway division]].


The region is also home to agricultural produce processing units and agricultural machinery manufacturing plants.
The region has agricultural produce processing units and agricultural machinery manufacturing plants and wheat cultivation.  The agricultural land consists primarily of [[vertisol|black soil]].


==Geography==
Seven railway [[overbridge]]s (ROBs) were to be constructed; four ROBs have been completed.{{when|date=February 2024}} Work is ongoing on the remaining three ROBs, as well as a 36 km long [[ring road]]. During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], a 1000-bed hospital was established in Bina near the refinery. Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] laid the foundation stone for the redevelopment of Bina Refinery with an investment of 50,000 crore [[Indian rupee|rupees]].


Bina-Etawa is situated at 24°10’ N latitude and 78°10’ E longitude at about 412 m above sea level. The [[Bina (river), India]] and [[Betwa River]]s are the major sources of water in the area. The agricultural land consists primarily of [[Vertisol|black soil]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}
== Climate ==


==Climate==
The winter season lasts from November to February, and the summer season lasts from March to mid-June. The minimum recorded temperature is 1 °C in January. The maximum temperature is 48 °C. Average precipitation is around 1235 mm annually. In the monsoon season, the wind direction is from the southwest; in winter, the wind direction is from the northeast.<ref name="Profile" />


{{Citation needed span|text=The winter season lasts from November until the middle or late February and the summer season lasts from March until mid-June. The minimum temperature recorded in the city is 1°C in January. The maximum temperature is 48.0°C. Average precipitation is around 1235/mm annually. In the monsoon season, the wind direction is from south-west; in winter the wind direction is normally from the northeast of the city|date=April 2021}}
== Education ==
Bina has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average. It has two centers for higher education: a government college for post-graduate and graduate courses and a government girls' college providing graduate courses. A government law college was inaugurated near the city. Many private colleges for [[Bachelor of Education]] degrees and [[Industrial training institute|ITIs]] are operated in the city for students. A government ITI and a private nursing college in the city, and one private [[MBA]] college (GNIMR{{Snd}}Gomti Nandan Institute of Management and Research) offers courses in the city. Kendriya Vidyalaya and Nirmal Jyoti Senior Secondary School are two high schools in the region. Bina Public Higher Secondary School operates there. Three state government schools are there. Apart from that, one government model higher secondary school. Many private [[English-medium school]]s are there and a [[D.A.V. College Managing Committee|DAV]] higher secondary school is located at the refinery. The [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]-affiliated Sardar Patel Higher Secondary School and a private ITI are located in the Jaypee Bina thermal plant premises and run by Jaypee Group.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=About &#8211; Sardar Patel School- Jaypee Schools |url=https://spvgbnagar.edu.in/homepage/about/ |url-status=live |access-date=January 13, 2026 |website=spvgbnagar.edu.in}}</ref>


==Education==
== Religious sites ==
{{Citation needed span|text=Bina-Etawa has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average. Bina has two important centers for higher education: a government college for post-graduate and graduate courses and a government girls college, providing graduate courses for girls. Kendriya Vidyalaya and Nirmal Jyoti Senior Secondary School are two important high schools in the region. Three state government Schools provide education for the city's students. Some private schools also operate in the city.|date=April 2021}}


==Religious sites==
[[File:NisaiJiBina.jpg|thumb|180px|Nisai Ji]]
The main religious site is the Shri Katara Swami, a temple of [[Hanuman]].


[[File:NisaiJiBina.jpg|thumb|180px|Nisai Ji]]
The city is home to several temples and other historical sites. [[Hindu temple]]s, include Jatashankar temple, Gayatri temple, Moti Maharaj temple, Shani Dev temple, Hare Ram temple, Maruti Hanuman temple, and Panchmukhi temple (Nai basti) and Galaus Sankatmochan temple are located in the outskirts of the city.
The city is home to several temples and other historical sites. [[Jainism in India|Jains]] and [[Hindus]] are the majority population in the area. Nisai Ji, a Hindu temple, is located near the bank of river Betwa. The shrine of Shri Taaran Taran, founder of Taaran Taran Panth of Jainism, is located at this place.
 
[[Jain temple]]s in the city include the Nabhinandan Digambar Jain temple (as much as 1000 years old), Mandir Shantinath Digambar Jain temple, Taaran Taran Digambar Jain temple, and Kund-kund Digambar Jain temple. Nisai Ji, a [[Digambar Jain]] temple, is located near the [[Betwa river]]. The samadhi state of [[Taran Svami]], founder of the [[Taran Panth]] sect of [[Jainism]], is located there.{{Clarify|reason=What is meant by the location of the samadhi state? Is this where Svami attained samadhi?|date=February 2024}}


Anekant Gyan Mandir, a Jain organisation, preserves some of the oldest manuscripts related to Jainism (electronic copies for these manuscripts were also created by the organisation).<ref>[https://archive.is/20131104205848/http://www.idjo.org/old_idjo/ManuscriptsAGM.asp]</ref> Maa Jageshwari Shaktipeeth is famous for the temple of Goddess [[Durga]]. A Saibaba Mandir is also located on the campus of Maa Jageshwari Shaktipeeth. Some important religious events include the Annual Palki Yatra of Maa Jageshwari, organised on the first day of Navratri. The Sai Baba Palki Yatra is organised on the 14th of February every year.{{Clarify|reason=Unfamiliar terminology/not crosslinked|date=April 2021}}
Anekant Gyan Mandir, a Jain center, preserves some of the oldest manuscripts related to Jainism.<ref>{{cite web |title=Online Hand-Written Digamber Jain Books (Manuscripts) |url=http://www.idjo.org/old_idjo/ManuscriptsAGM.asp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131104205848/http://www.idjo.org/old_idjo/ManuscriptsAGM.asp |archive-date=4 November 2013 |access-date=26 January 2022 |website=www.idjo.org}}</ref> Shrutdham Jain temple is a Jain attraction.


The main religious attraction is the Shri Katara Swami, a temple of [[Hanuman|Lord Hanuman]].
== Popular culture ==
Some scenes of [[Raj Kapoor]]'s Bollywood movie ''[[Teesri Kasam]]'' (1966) were filmed in and nearby the city, and the song "Sajan re jhooth mat bolo" sung by [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]] was filmed near Khimlasa, 25 km from Bina.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/BIH-PAT-HMU-shooting-of-film-teesri-kasam-in-bihar-news-hindi-5425226-PHO.html |title=यहां हुई थी फिल्म 'तीसरी कसम' की शूटिंग, रिलीज को हुए 50 साल पूरे- m.bhaskar.com |access-date=28 November 2021 |archive-date=10 December 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210025155/http://m.bhaskar.com/news/BIH-PAT-HMU-shooting-of-film-teesri-kasam-in-bihar-news-hindi-5425226-PHO.html }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-29 |title=When Waheeda sat on Raj |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/when-waheeda-sat-on-raj/cid/1669478 |access-date=2024-02-21 |website=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==


* [[Bina Junction railway station]]
* [[Bina Junction railway station]]
*
* [[Sagar District]]


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


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[[Category:Sagar, Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Sagar, Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Sagar district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Sagar district]]
[[Category:Tehsils of Sagar district]]

Latest revision as of 18:54, 19 February 2026

Bina
Bina-Etawa, Etawa
City
top: Bina Junction Railway Station,
bottom: JP Bina Thermal Plant
Bina is located in Madhya Pradesh
Bina
Bina
Location in Madhya Pradesh, India
Coordinates: 24°10′48″N 78°12′0″E / 24.18000°N 78.20000°E / 24.18000; 78.20000
Country India
StateMadhya Pradesh
DivisionBhopal division
DistrictBina -etawa District
Government
 • BodyBina Nagar Palika Parishad
Area
 • Total64 km2 (25 sq mi)
 • Rank51
Elevation
412 m (1,352 ft)
Population
 (2024)
 • Total402,678[1]
 • Density5,377/km2 (13,930/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
470113,470118, 470124, 464240
Vehicle registrationMP-15, MP-08, MP-40

Bina, formerly known as Bina-Etawa or Etawa, is a city in the Bina-etawa district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh . The city's name is derived from the Bina River, which flows near the city.

Bina is one of the fastest growing cities in Madhya Pradesh. It is a center of economic and industrial activity in the state. The city is home to the Bina Refinery, as well as the Jaypee Group's 500 MW Jaypee Bina Thermal plant .[2] This region is also known for its high-quality wheat, which is reportedly exported internationally.[3][citation needed]

Geography[edit | edit source]

Five rivers flow through the surrounding area. In addition to Bina River, they include:

Bina is close to the ancient city of Eran. Eran was the capital of Airikina Pradesha, an administrative division of the Gupta Empire. Bina sits between Bhopal and Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh. It is among the oldest cities in the region and the oldest in the state.

The Bina and Betwa Rivers are the major water sources.[4]

History[edit | edit source]

Bina was formerly known as Etawa, the name of an earlier village in the area. In 1923, the Bina Railway Junction was established, deriving it name from the river. The first Member of the Legislative Assembly of the Bina Assembly constituency was Ram Lal Nayak, elected in 1957. The name Bina-Etawa was unofficially used to remove any ambiguity between Itawah (located in Uttar Pradesh) and Etawa. Later, the city was officially renamed as Bina.

Khimlasa Bina

Located near the city, Khimlasa Fort is of historical interest. The fort is said to have been founded by a Mughal noble and was the Mahal (palace) in the Sarkar of Raisen of Malwa Subah. The town of Khimlasa is enclosed within a fortified wall built of stone rubble.[5]

Industry and economy[edit | edit source]

Bina Refinery

Bharat Oman Refinery Limited owns a major oil refinery near Bina, "the only petroleum refinery in Central India" with a capacity of 7.8 [billion tonnes per year.[2] Bina Refinery is designed to process Arab crude oil (65% Arab light and 35% Arab heavy). It can process other crude oil. The project includes a coke-based cogeneration power plant of 99 MW (33 x 3).[2]

Bina Thermal Power Plant (a.k.a JayPee Bina Thermal Power Plant) has two thermal units of 250 MW capacity one each of which were launched in 2012 and 2013. A section of the power plant currently operates with a capacity of 500 MW, although this will scale to 1200 MW when the plant reaches capacity. The Bina Thermal Power Plant is presently owned by Jaiprakash Power Ventures (JP Power), which company also plans to establish a 50 MW solar PV plant in the same premises, with an estimated investment of ₹300 crore.[6] Also, the Power Grid Corporation of India (PGCIL) owns a 1200-KV test station in Bina that went operational in 2016.[7]

The Madhya Pradesh regional government planned to build an investment corridor between Bina and Bhopal, naming it the Bina-Bhopal Investment Corridor. The project was expected to catalyze investment of around $1 billion to upgrade local industry, aiding the production of electrical equipment, fabricated metal, machinery, and equipment. Along with it, integrated township projects were proposed near the city.[8] In a move toward achieving "Carbon Neutral" status by 2030, Bina's first solar power plant, was launched in 2020.[9] It primarily powers trains and lighting at Bina Junction station. Presently generating 1.7 MW, it can be expanded to 20 GW capacity. A MEMU (mainline electric multiple unit) car shed for operating local and high-speed MEMU trains in Madhya Pradesh and neighbouring states was established in 2021 by the Bhopal railway division.

The region has agricultural produce processing units and agricultural machinery manufacturing plants and wheat cultivation. The agricultural land consists primarily of black soil.

Seven railway overbridges (ROBs) were to be constructed; four ROBs have been completed.[when?] Work is ongoing on the remaining three ROBs, as well as a 36 km long ring road. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a 1000-bed hospital was established in Bina near the refinery. Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for the redevelopment of Bina Refinery with an investment of 50,000 crore rupees.

Climate[edit | edit source]

The winter season lasts from November to February, and the summer season lasts from March to mid-June. The minimum recorded temperature is 1 °C in January. The maximum temperature is 48 °C. Average precipitation is around 1235 mm annually. In the monsoon season, the wind direction is from the southwest; in winter, the wind direction is from the northeast.[4]

Education[edit | edit source]

Bina has an average literacy rate of 73%, higher than the national average. It has two centers for higher education: a government college for post-graduate and graduate courses and a government girls' college providing graduate courses. A government law college was inaugurated near the city. Many private colleges for Bachelor of Education degrees and ITIs are operated in the city for students. A government ITI and a private nursing college in the city, and one private MBA college (GNIMR – Gomti Nandan Institute of Management and Research) offers courses in the city. Kendriya Vidyalaya and Nirmal Jyoti Senior Secondary School are two high schools in the region. Bina Public Higher Secondary School operates there. Three state government schools are there. Apart from that, one government model higher secondary school. Many private English-medium schools are there and a DAV higher secondary school is located at the refinery. The CBSE-affiliated Sardar Patel Higher Secondary School and a private ITI are located in the Jaypee Bina thermal plant premises and run by Jaypee Group.[citation needed][10]

Religious sites[edit | edit source]

Nisai Ji

The main religious site is the Shri Katara Swami, a temple of Hanuman.

The city is home to several temples and other historical sites. Hindu temples, include Jatashankar temple, Gayatri temple, Moti Maharaj temple, Shani Dev temple, Hare Ram temple, Maruti Hanuman temple, and Panchmukhi temple (Nai basti) and Galaus Sankatmochan temple are located in the outskirts of the city.

Jain temples in the city include the Nabhinandan Digambar Jain temple (as much as 1000 years old), Mandir Shantinath Digambar Jain temple, Taaran Taran Digambar Jain temple, and Kund-kund Digambar Jain temple. Nisai Ji, a Digambar Jain temple, is located near the Betwa river. The samadhi state of Taran Svami, founder of the Taran Panth sect of Jainism, is located there.[clarification needed]

Anekant Gyan Mandir, a Jain center, preserves some of the oldest manuscripts related to Jainism.[11] Shrutdham Jain temple is a Jain attraction.

Popular culture[edit | edit source]

Some scenes of Raj Kapoor's Bollywood movie Teesri Kasam (1966) were filmed in and nearby the city, and the song "Sajan re jhooth mat bolo" sung by Mukesh was filmed near Khimlasa, 25 km from Bina.[12][13]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "Bina-Etawa Population". Census2021. census2021.co.in. Archived from the original on 2 July 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Bharat Oman Refineries Limited". Bharat Oman Refineries Limited. Archived from the original on 14 December 2007.
  3. ↑ ""Today's wheat market price in Bina | Madhya Pradesh" (translated from the Hindi आज बिना में गेहूं का मंडी भाव | मध्य प्रदेश". Mandibhav India. Retrieved 13 January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Profile of Bina Etawa, History of Bina, Facts About Bina". bina-etawa.mponline.in. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  5. ↑ "Places of Interest at Sagar District". Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-04.
  6. ↑ "Jaiprakash Power Ventures to Launch ₹300 Crore 50 MW Solar Plant in Madhya Pradesh – EQ". Eqmagpro. Retrieved 13 January 2026.
  7. ↑ "PowerGrid operationalises 1,200-kV test station at Bina". millenniumpost. Retrieved 13 January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ↑ http://www.investmp.com/a-corridors.html[permanent dead link]
  9. ↑ "INDIAN RAILWAYS – BINA SOLAR PLANT" (PDF). UIC org. Retrieved 13 January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ↑ "About – Sardar Patel School- Jaypee Schools". spvgbnagar.edu.in. Retrieved 13 January 2026.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ↑ "Online Hand-Written Digamber Jain Books (Manuscripts)". www.idjo.org. Retrieved 26 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  12. ↑ "यहां हुई थी फिल्म 'तीसरी कसम' की शूटिंग, रिलीज को हुए 50 साल पूरे- m.bhaskar.com". Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  13. ↑ "When Waheeda sat on Raj". The Telegraph. 29 March 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2024.

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