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{{Short description|Indian surface to air missile series}} | {{Short description|Indian surface to air missile series}} | ||
{{for|the air-to-air variant of the missile|Astra (missile)|}} | {{for|the air-to-air variant of the missile|Astra (missile)|}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=February | {{Use Indian English|date=February 2022}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} | ||
{{Infobox weapon | {{Infobox weapon | ||
| name = VL-SRSAM | | name = VL-SRSAM | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| is_missile = yes | | is_missile = yes | ||
<-- Service history --> | <-- Service history --> | ||
| service = {{start date|2022}} | | service = {{start date|2022}} | ||
| used_by = [[Indian Navy]] | | used_by = [[Indian Navy]] | ||
| wars = | | wars = | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
| diameter = {{cvt|178|mm}} | | diameter = {{cvt|178|mm}} | ||
<!-- Explosive specifications --> | <!-- Explosive specifications --> | ||
| filling = [[High-explosive]] pre-[[Fragmentation (weaponry)|fragmented]] [[HMX]]/[[Polyurethane|PU]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aroor |first1=Shiv |title=How India's ASTRA Air-To-Air Missile Is Quietly Killing It |url=https://www.livefistdefence.com/2018/03/how-indias-astra-air-to-air-missile-is-quietly-killing-it.html |website=Livefist Defence |access-date=30 August | | filling = [[High-explosive]] pre-[[Fragmentation (weaponry)|fragmented]] [[HMX]]/[[Polyurethane|PU]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Aroor |first1=Shiv |title=How India's ASTRA Air-To-Air Missile Is Quietly Killing It |url=https://www.livefistdefence.com/2018/03/how-indias-astra-air-to-air-missile-is-quietly-killing-it.html |website=Livefist Defence |access-date=30 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
| filling_weight = | | filling_weight = | ||
| detonation = [[Radio proximity fuze]] | | detonation = [[Radio proximity fuze]] | ||
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| fuel_capacity = | | fuel_capacity = | ||
| vehicle_range = {{cvt|40|km}} - {{cvt|50|km}}<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2022-06-25 |title=VL-SRSAM missile system successfully test-fired |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/vl-srsam-missile-system-successfully-test-fired-7989717/ |access-date=2022-06-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> | | vehicle_range = {{cvt|40|km}} - {{cvt|50|km}}<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2022-06-25 |title=VL-SRSAM missile system successfully test-fired |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/vl-srsam-missile-system-successfully-test-fired-7989717/ |access-date=2022-06-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| speed = [[Mach number|Mach]] 4.5<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhardwaj |first1=Tarun |title=Deadly weapon! IAF successfully test-fires air-to-air missile Astra from Sukhoi-30 combat aircrafts [sic]|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/deadly-weapon-iaf-successfully-test-fires-air-to-air-missile-astra-from-sukhoi-30-combat-aircrafts/1708799/ |access-date=30 August 2020 |publisher=Financial Express |date=17 September | | speed = [[Mach number|Mach]] 4.5<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhardwaj |first1=Tarun |title=Deadly weapon! IAF successfully test-fires air-to-air missile Astra from Sukhoi-30 combat aircrafts [sic]|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/deadly-weapon-iaf-successfully-test-fires-air-to-air-missile-astra-from-sukhoi-30-combat-aircrafts/1708799/ |access-date=30 August 2020 |publisher=Financial Express |date=17 September 2022}}</ref> | ||
| guidance = '''Mid-course:''' [[Fibre-optic gyroscope|Fibre-optic gyro]] based [[inertial navigation system]] with [[mid-course update]] via [[datalink]]. <br/>'''Terminal:''' [[Active radar homing]] | | guidance = '''Mid-course:''' [[Fibre-optic gyroscope|Fibre-optic gyro]] based [[inertial navigation system]] with [[mid-course update]] via [[datalink]]. <br/>'''Terminal:''' [[Active radar homing]] | ||
<!-- Missiles only --> | <!-- Missiles only --> | ||
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| propellant = [[Solid fuel]] | | propellant = [[Solid fuel]] | ||
| ceiling = | | ceiling = | ||
| altitude = {{cvt| | | altitude = {{cvt|16|km}}<ref name="auto"/> | ||
| accuracy = | | accuracy = | ||
| launch_platform = Surface Ship | | launch_platform = Surface Ship | ||
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==Design== | ==Design== | ||
VL-SRSAM is based on [[Astra (missile)|Astra]] Mark 1 [[air-to-air missile]] with four [[Wingspan|short-span]] [[Chord (aeronautics)|long-chord]] [[cruciform wing]]s that provide [[Aerodynamics|aerodynamic]] stability. It also includes additional [[Thrust vectoring#Exhaust vanes|jet vane driven thrust vector control]] to enable quick reaction time on vertical launch and smokeless exhaust.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kulkarni|first=Sushant|date=2021-12-11|title=Explained: What is the vertical launch surface to air missile that India has successfully test-fired?|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-vertical-launch-short-range-surface-to-air-missile-7667344/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> VL-SRSAM conceived for area and [[point-defence]] role to save naval platforms. Each [[Vertical launching system|Vertical Launch System]] (VLS) can hold forty missiles in a twin quad-pack canister configuration carrying eight missiles each for [[hot launch]] that can be installed in an arrangement of multiple launch systems based on availability of space on the ship. The missile is for neutralizing various aerial threats at medium and close ranges, including [[fighter aircraft]] and [[sea skimming]] [[anti-ship missile]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Navy's Surface-To-Air Missile Test-Fired, Can Hit Sea-Skimming Targets|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/navys-vertical-launch-short-range-surface-to-air-missile-test-fired-can-hit-sea-skimming-targets-2376308|access-date=2021-02-23|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> As an integrated solution of missile and weapon control system (WCS) with 360° interception capability, it can detect and engage threats from different directions. Although plan was to develop short range air defence missile, VL-SRSAM achieved a range of | VL-SRSAM is based on [[Astra (missile)|Astra]] Mark 1 [[air-to-air missile]] with four [[Wingspan|short-span]] [[Chord (aeronautics)|long-chord]] [[cruciform wing]]s that provide [[Aerodynamics|aerodynamic]] stability. It also includes additional [[Thrust vectoring#Exhaust vanes|jet vane driven thrust vector control]] to enable quick reaction time on vertical launch and smokeless exhaust.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kulkarni|first=Sushant|date=2021-12-11|title=Explained: What is the vertical launch surface to air missile that India has successfully test-fired?|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-vertical-launch-short-range-surface-to-air-missile-7667344/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> VL-SRSAM conceived for area and [[point-defence]] role to save naval platforms. Each [[Vertical launching system|Vertical Launch System]] (VLS) can hold forty missiles in a twin quad-pack canister configuration carrying eight missiles each for [[hot launch]] that can be installed in an arrangement of multiple launch systems based on availability of space on the ship. The missile is for neutralizing various aerial threats at medium and close ranges, including [[fighter aircraft]] and [[sea skimming]] [[anti-ship missile]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Navy's Surface-To-Air Missile Test-Fired, Can Hit Sea-Skimming Targets|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/navys-vertical-launch-short-range-surface-to-air-missile-test-fired-can-hit-sea-skimming-targets-2376308|access-date=2021-02-23|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> As an integrated solution of missile and weapon control system (WCS) with 360° interception capability, it can detect and engage threats from different directions. Although plan was to develop short range air defence missile, VL-SRSAM achieved a range of 50 km making it a medium range air defence system. The missile is said to be fitted in destroyers, frigates, corvettes and aircraft carriers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-22|title=DRDO successfully launches Surface to Air Missile capable of neutralising aerial threats|url=https://zeenews.india.com/india/drdo-successfully-launches-surface-to-air-missile-vl-srsam-missile-system-capable-of-neutralizing-aerial-threats-2343701.html|access-date=2021-02-23|website=Zee News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Rout|first=Hemant Kumar|date=22 February 2021|title=Maiden test of Vertically Launched SRSAM from ITR off Odisha coast likely today|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2021/feb/22/maiden-test-of-vertically-launched-srsam-from-itr-off-odisha-coast-likely-today-2267271.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-22|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> | ||
[[Defence Research and Development Laboratory]] (DRDL), [[Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)]], [[Research Centre Imarat]] (RCI) and some private sector industries were involved in the design and development of the missile system as part of Development cum Production Partner programme (DCPP).<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 April 2021|title=DRDO opens up missile production partnership for Indian private sector|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/drdo-opens-up-missile-production-partnership-for-indian-private-sector/articleshow/81928553.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-06|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> VL-SRSAM superseded the cancelled [[Maitri (missile)|Maitri missile]] project undertaken jointly by [[MBDA]] and DRDO based on the work done on [[MICA (missile)|MICA]] and [[Trishul (missile)|Trishul]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rout|first=Hemant Kumar|date=23 February 2021|title=DRDO conducts successful flight test of VL-SRSAM|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2021/feb/23/drdo-conducts-successful-flight-test-of-vl-srsam-2267748.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-23|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> | [[Defence Research and Development Laboratory]] (DRDL), [[Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)]], [[Research Centre Imarat]] (RCI) and some private sector industries were involved in the design and development of the missile system as part of Development cum Production Partner programme (DCPP).<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 April 2021|title=DRDO opens up missile production partnership for Indian private sector|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/drdo-opens-up-missile-production-partnership-for-indian-private-sector/articleshow/81928553.cms|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-06|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> VL-SRSAM superseded the cancelled [[Maitri (missile)|Maitri missile]] project undertaken jointly by [[MBDA]] and DRDO based on the work done on [[MICA (missile)|MICA]] and [[Trishul (missile)|Trishul]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rout|first=Hemant Kumar|date=23 February 2021|title=DRDO conducts successful flight test of VL-SRSAM|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2021/feb/23/drdo-conducts-successful-flight-test-of-vl-srsam-2267748.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-23|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> | ||
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Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) on 24 June 2022 announced that India has successfully test-fired the Vertically Launched Short Range Surface to Air Missile (VL-SRSAM) from an Indian Naval Ship off the coast of Chandipur in Odisha. The launch of the system was conducted against a high-speed aerial target mimicking aircraft, which was successfully engaged. <ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/india-successfully-test-fires-vl-srsam-from-indian-naval-ship-off-odisha-coast-drdo-article-92432165|title=India successfully test-fires VL-SRSAM from Indian Naval Ship off Odisha coast: DRDO|publisher=Times Now|date=24 June 2022}}</ref> | Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) on 24 June 2022 announced that India has successfully test-fired the Vertically Launched Short Range Surface to Air Missile (VL-SRSAM) from an Indian Naval Ship off the coast of Chandipur in Odisha. The launch of the system was conducted against a high-speed aerial target mimicking aircraft, which was successfully engaged. <ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/india-successfully-test-fires-vl-srsam-from-indian-naval-ship-off-odisha-coast-drdo-article-92432165|title=India successfully test-fires VL-SRSAM from Indian Naval Ship off Odisha coast: DRDO|publisher=Times Now|date=24 June 2022}}</ref> | ||
'''Fourth test''' | |||
== | DRDO and Indian Navy successfully flight tested VL-SRSAM from the ITR,Chandipur off the coast of Odisha on 23 August 2022.The flight test was carried out from an Indian Naval Ship against a high-speed unmanned aerial target for demonstration of vertical launch capability. The missiles, equipped with indigenous Radio Frequency (RF) seeker, intercepted the target with high accuracy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DRDO & Indian Navy successfully flight-test Vertical Launch Short Range Surface-to-Air Missile off Odisha coast |url=https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1853841 |access-date=2022-08-23 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref> | ||
==Operators== | |||
;{{Flagu|India}} | ;{{Flagu|India}} | ||
* [[Indian Navy]]- [[ | * [[Indian Navy]]- [[Rajput-class destroyer]] | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
{{Portal|India|Rocketry}} | |||
{{Div col |colwidth=22em}} | {{Div col |colwidth=22em}} | ||
*[[Trishul (missile)|Trishul]] | *[[Trishul (missile)|Trishul]] | ||