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{{short description|Indian Army command}} | {{short description|Indian Army command}} | ||
{{Use British English|date=November | {{Use British English|date=November 2022}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=April | {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} | ||
{{Infobox military unit | {{Infobox military unit | ||
| unit_name = Southern Command | | unit_name = Southern Command | ||
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| command_structure = | | command_structure = | ||
| size = | | size = | ||
| current_commander = [[Lieutenant general|Lt Gen]] | | current_commander = [[Lieutenant general|Lt Gen]] Ajai Kumar Singh | ||
| garrison = [[Pune]] | | garrison = [[Pune]] | ||
| battles = | | battles = | ||
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==History== | ==History== | ||
===Early history=== | ===Early history=== | ||
The [[Presidency armies]] were abolished with effect from 1 April 1895 when the three Presidency armies became the Indian Army.<ref name="IA">{{cite web|title=Northern Command|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=rOVaZ1oDN4Y+6g+B7wVzFA==&ParentID=pR6rWvPTFCtsMyihEuBwFg==|access-date=4 January 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212442/http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=rOVaZ1oDN4Y+6g+B7wVzFA==&ParentID=pR6rWvPTFCtsMyihEuBwFg==|archive-date=3 March | The [[Presidency armies]] were abolished with effect from 1 April 1895 when the three Presidency armies became the Indian Army.<ref name="IA">{{cite web|title=Northern Command|url=http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=rOVaZ1oDN4Y+6g+B7wVzFA==&ParentID=pR6rWvPTFCtsMyihEuBwFg==|access-date=4 January 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212442/http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=rOVaZ1oDN4Y+6g+B7wVzFA==&ParentID=pR6rWvPTFCtsMyihEuBwFg==|archive-date=3 March 2022}}</ref> The Indian Army was divided into four Commands (Bengal Command, Bombay Command, Madras Command and Punjab Command) each under a lieutenant general.<ref name="IA"/> | ||
In 1908, the four commands were merged into two Armies (Northern Army and Southern Army): this system persisted until 1920 when the arrangement reverted to four commands again (Eastern Command, Northern Command, Southern Command and Western Command).<ref name="IA"/> In 1914, the Southern Army consisted of the [[4th (Quetta) Division]], the [[5th (Mhow) Division]], the [[6th (Poona) Division]], the [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]], and the [[Aden Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |title=THE INDIAN ARMY 1914 |publisher=Orbat.com |date=2001-03-25 |access-date=2013-06-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909172657/http://orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |archive-date=9 September 2009 }}</ref> | In 1908, the four commands were merged into two Armies (Northern Army and Southern Army): this system persisted until 1920 when the arrangement reverted to four commands again (Eastern Command, Northern Command, Southern Command and Western Command).<ref name="IA"/> In 1914, the Southern Army consisted of the [[4th (Quetta) Division]], the [[5th (Mhow) Division]], the [[6th (Poona) Division]], the [[9th (Secunderabad) Division]], and the [[Aden Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |title=THE INDIAN ARMY 1914 |publisher=Orbat.com |date=2001-03-25 |access-date=2013-06-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909172657/http://orbat.com/site/history/historical/india/army1914.html |archive-date=9 September 2009 }}</ref> | ||
===Second World War=== | ===Second World War=== | ||
During the Second World War, Southern Command was reformed as Southern Army in April 1942. The formation reverted to the title Southern Command in November 1945.<ref>{{cite web|title=Southern Army|access-date=11 October 2009|publisher=OOB.com|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=7163&Tab=Sup}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | During the Second World War, Southern Command was reformed as Southern Army (equivalent to a [[corps]]) in April 1942. The formation reverted to the title Southern Command in November 1945.<ref>{{cite web|title=Southern Army|access-date=11 October 2009|publisher=OOB.com|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=7163&Tab=Sup}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | ||
Component divisions included:<ref name=sas1>{{cite web|title=Southern Army Subordinates|access-date=11 October 2009|publisher=OOB.com|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=7163&Tab=Sub}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | Component divisions included:<ref name=sas1>{{cite web|title=Southern Army Subordinates|access-date=11 October 2009|publisher=OOB.com|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=7163&Tab=Sub}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | ||
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==Structure== | ==Structure== | ||
The command headquarters is located in [[Pune]], Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite web|title=Operational Commands of The Indian Army|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/commands.htm|access-date=4 January 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228041815/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/commands.htm|archive-date=28 February | The command headquarters is located in [[Pune]], Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite web|title=Operational Commands of The Indian Army|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/commands.htm|access-date=4 January 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228041815/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/commands.htm|archive-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> It consists of two corps and two military areas.<ref name="IA"/> The two areas are:- Maharashtra Goa and Gujarat Area (MG&G Area) and the Andhra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala Area (ATNK&K Area)<ref>Renaldi and Rikhye, 2011, p. 18</ref> In 2005, the changes to its jurisdiction area were made when a new South Western Command was established.<ref name="global">{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/southcom.htm |title=Southern Command |publisher=GlobalSecurity |access-date=2016-01-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124083001/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/southcom.htm |archive-date=24 January 2022}}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
! colspan="6" |Structure of Southern Command | ! colspan="6" |Structure of Southern Command | ||
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''<small>(Konark Corps)</small>'' | ''<small>(Konark Corps)</small>'' | ||
| rowspan="5" |[[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]] | | rowspan="5" |[[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]] | ||
| rowspan="5" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lt Gen]] P. S. Minhas<ref>{{Cite web | | | rowspan="5" |[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lt Gen]] P. S. Minhas<ref>{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=Feb 13, 2021 |title=Lt Gen P S Minhas takes charge of Konark Corps {{!}} Jaipur News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/jaipur/lt-gen-p-s-minhas-takes-charge-of-konark-corps/articleshow/80886600.cms |access-date=2022-06-04 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> | ||
|[[11th Infantry Division (India)|11 Infantry Division]] | |[[11th Infantry Division (India)|11 Infantry Division]] | ||
|[[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]] | |[[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]] | ||
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== Precursors (1907-1948) == | == Precursors (1907-1948) == | ||
Following is the List of precursors to the Northern Command and their commanders:<ref>[http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf Army Commands] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705211343/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf|date=5 July | Following is the List of precursors to the Northern Command and their commanders:<ref>[http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf Army Commands] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705211343/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf|date=5 July 2022}}</ref> | ||
=== Southern Command (1907-1908) === | === Southern Command (1907-1908) === | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant General]] | ||
|[[Charles Alexander Anderson|Sir Charles A. | |[[Charles Alexander Anderson|Sir Charles A. Anderson]] | ||
|April 1917 | |April 1917 | ||
|November 1919 | |November 1919 | ||
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|19 November 1962 | |19 November 1962 | ||
|[[7th Light Cavalry]] | |[[7th Light Cavalry]] | ||
|<ref>{{cite book |last=Praval |first=Major K.C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DdxDcxj_wn4C&pg=RA1-PT301 |title=Indian Army After Independence |publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC |isbn=978-1-935501-61-9 |page=1}}</ref> | |<ref>{{cite book |last=Praval |first=Major K.C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DdxDcxj_wn4C&pg=RA1-PT301 |title=Indian Army After Independence |year=1987 |publisher=Lancer Publishers LLC |isbn=978-1-935501-61-9 |page=1}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|14 January 1973 | |14 January 1973 | ||
|[[Dogra Regiment]] | |[[Dogra Regiment]] | ||
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Gopal Gurunath Bewoor |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Army-Chiefs/Chiefs-Army11.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071204210425/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Army-Chiefs/Chiefs-Army11.html |archive-date=4 December 2007 |access-date=17 January | |<ref>{{cite web |title=Gopal Gurunath Bewoor |url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Army-Chiefs/Chiefs-Army11.html |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071204210425/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/Army-Chiefs/Chiefs-Army11.html |archive-date=4 December 2007 |access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|29 February 2004 | |29 February 2004 | ||
|[[Regiment of Artillery|7 Field Regiment]] | |[[Regiment of Artillery|7 Field Regiment]] | ||
|<ref>{{cite web |date=2004-02-28 |title=Lt Gen GS Sihota retires on Feb 29 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/lt-gen-gs-sihota-retires-on-feb-29/articleshow/526234.cms |access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> | |<ref>{{cite web |date=2004-02-28 |title=Lt Gen GS Sihota retires on Feb 29 |website=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/lt-gen-gs-sihota-retires-on-feb-29/articleshow/526234.cms |access-date=2021-06-24}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|31 January 2006 | |31 January 2006 | ||
|[[Poona Horse]] | |[[Poona Horse]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-11-04 |title=Tamil Nadu / Chennai News : Army's Southern Command chief visits OTA in city |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110416640500.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226060702/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110416640500.htm |archive-date=26 February 2008 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-12-30 |title=Tamil Nadu News : Army took six hours to get ready for relief |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/30/stories/2004123006850500.htm |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=woJmAAAAMAAJ |title=India Who's who |publisher=INFA Publications |year= | |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2005-11-04 |title=Tamil Nadu / Chennai News : Army's Southern Command chief visits OTA in city |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110416640500.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226060702/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/11/04/stories/2005110416640500.htm |archive-date=26 February 2008 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2004-12-30 |title=Tamil Nadu News : Army took six hours to get ready for relief |url=http://www.thehindu.com/2004/12/30/stories/2004123006850500.htm |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=woJmAAAAMAAJ |title=India Who's who |publisher=INFA Publications |year=2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|30 September 2007 | |30 September 2007 | ||
|[[9th Deccan Horse]] | |[[9th Deccan Horse]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=LT. GEN. ADITYA SINGH PVSM, AVSM** (RETD) |url=http://www.delhipolicygroup.org/faculty/lt-gen-aditya-singh-pvsm-avsm-retd.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125752/http://www.delhipolicygroup.org/faculty/lt-gen-aditya-singh-pvsm-avsm-retd.html |archive-date=27 October 2017 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=www.delhipolicygroup.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Lt Gen HS Lidder new CIDS |language=en |work=oneindia.com |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/02/lt-gen-hs-lidder-new-cids-1141380703.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125944/https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/02/lt-gen-hs-lidder-new-cids-1141380703.html |archive-date=27 October | |<ref>{{Cite web |title=LT. GEN. ADITYA SINGH PVSM, AVSM** (RETD) |url=http://www.delhipolicygroup.org/faculty/lt-gen-aditya-singh-pvsm-avsm-retd.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125752/http://www.delhipolicygroup.org/faculty/lt-gen-aditya-singh-pvsm-avsm-retd.html |archive-date=27 October 2017 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=www.delhipolicygroup.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Lt Gen HS Lidder new CIDS |language=en |work=oneindia.com |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/02/lt-gen-hs-lidder-new-cids-1141380703.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125944/https://www.oneindia.com/2006/03/02/lt-gen-hs-lidder-new-cids-1141380703.html |archive-date=27 October 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|31 December 2008 | |31 December 2008 | ||
|[[Bombay Sappers]] | |[[Bombay Sappers]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen ML Naidu to be next Vcoas : other Senior Appointments also announced |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=30687 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029204510/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=30687 |archive-date=29 October 2017 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=pib.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sainik Samchar 2007 |url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/oct01-07/h12.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125611/http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/oct01-07/h12.htm |archive-date=27 October | |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lt Gen ML Naidu to be next Vcoas : other Senior Appointments also announced |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=30687 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029204510/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=30687 |archive-date=29 October 2017 |access-date=2017-10-26 |website=pib.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sainik Samchar 2007 |url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/oct01-07/h12.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125611/http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2007/oct01-07/h12.htm |archive-date=27 October 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|31 January 2013 | |31 January 2013 | ||
|[[7th Light Cavalry]] | |[[7th Light Cavalry]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Lt Gen A K Singh is new GOC-in-C of Southern Command – Times of India |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Lt-Gen-A-K-Singh-is-new-GOC-in-C-of-Southern-Command/articleshow/7599012.cms |access-date=2017-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-03-01 |title=Lt Gen A K Singh to head Southern Army Command |language=en-US |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-a-k-singh-to-head-southern-army-command/ |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125748/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-a-k-singh-to-head-southern-army-command/ |archive-date=27 October | |<ref>{{Cite news |title=Lt Gen A K Singh is new GOC-in-C of Southern Command – Times of India |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Lt-Gen-A-K-Singh-is-new-GOC-in-C-of-Southern-Command/articleshow/7599012.cms |access-date=2017-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-03-01 |title=Lt Gen A K Singh to head Southern Army Command |language=en-US |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-a-k-singh-to-head-southern-army-command/ |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027125748/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-a-k-singh-to-head-southern-army-command/ |archive-date=27 October 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|31 July 2016 | |31 July 2016 | ||
|[[11 Gorkha Rifles|5/11 Gorkha Rifles]] | |[[11 Gorkha Rifles|5/11 Gorkha Rifles]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-01-02 |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander |language=en-US |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225044152/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |archive-date=25 December | |<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-01-02 |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander |language=en-US |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225044152/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |archive-date=25 December 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|30 November 2017 | |30 November 2017 | ||
|[[Mechanised Infantry Regiment|Mechanised Infantry]] | |[[Mechanised Infantry Regiment|Mechanised Infantry]] | ||
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=2016-09-01 |title=Lt Gen P.M. Hariz is new chief of Southern Command |work=Business Standard India |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/lt-gen-p-m-hariz-is-new-chief-of-southern-command-116090101005_1.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219185917/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/lt-gen-p-m-hariz-is-new-chief-of-southern-command-116090101005_1.html |archive-date=19 December | |<ref>{{Cite news |last=IANS |date=2016-09-01 |title=Lt Gen P.M. Hariz is new chief of Southern Command |work=Business Standard India |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/lt-gen-p-m-hariz-is-new-chief-of-southern-command-116090101005_1.html |url-status=live |access-date=2017-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219185917/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/lt-gen-p-m-hariz-is-new-chief-of-southern-command-116090101005_1.html |archive-date=19 December 2022}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |[[Lieutenant General]] | ||
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|[[Jai Singh Nain]] | |[[Jai Singh Nain]] | ||
|1 February 2021 | |1 February 2021 | ||
| | |31 October 2022 | ||
|[[Dogra Regiment]] | |[[Dogra Regiment]] | ||
|<ref name="nain" /> | |<ref name="nain" /> | ||
|- | |||
|[[Lieutenant General]] | |||
|[[Ajai Kumar Singh]] | |||
|1 November 2022 | |||
|''Incumbent'' | |||
|[[11th Gorkha Rifles]] | |||
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/adgpi/status/1587395200397168641|title=Lieutenant General Ajai Kumar Singh assumed the command of Southern Command today.|date=2022-11-01|access-date=2022-11-01}}</ref> | |||
|} | |} | ||