Tamar block: Difference between revisions

'''Tamar block''' is a [[Community development blocks in India|CD block]] that forms an administrative division in the Bundu subdivision of [[Ranchi district]], in the Indian state of [[Jharkhand]].  

Jharkhand is one of the states affected by [[Naxalite|Maoist]] activities. {{As of|2012}}, Ranchi district was among the highly affected districts in the state.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/Assessment/2013/Jharkhand.htm  |title = Jharkhand Assessment 2013 | publisher= Satp | access-date = 4 September 2021}}</ref> “Areas of Tamar, Bundu, Sonahatu, Angarha, Sikidari Police Stations and Rahe O.P. have been widely affected by activities of CPI (Maoist) group till the end of year 2009. At the end of year 2010, The activities of CPI (Maoist) group has been minimized up to almost zero level.”<ref>{{cite web | url = https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi  | title = District Police Profile Ranchi | work = Crime Trends – Specially Organised Crime Rural Area | publisher = Jharkhand Police  | accessdate =  4 September 2021}}</ref>

According to the Jharkhand Police spokesperson and Inspector General (IG) Saket Singh, as reported on December 8, 2020, “The activities of CPI-Maoist are now confined to small pockets in the state because of our efforts.” Civilian fatalities, a key index of security in a region, declined from 20 in 2019, to 8 in 2020, the lowest in this category since 2000, when there were 13 such fatalities. The 28 total fatalities recorded in 2020 are also the lowest overall fatalities recorded in the state in a year since 2000, when they stood at 36.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.indiablooms.com/news-details/O/68556/jharkhand-dying-embers.html | title= Jharkhand: Dying Embers  |publisher= India Blooms| access-date = 4 September 2021}}</ref>

Ranchi being the capital city of the state has always been under minute scrutiny of all.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://jhpolice.gov.in/ranchi | title = District Police Profile - Ranchi | work = SP’s message and vision | publisher = Jharkhand Police  | access-date =  4 September 2021}}</ref> The arrest, from his home in Ranchi on October 9, 2020, by the [[National Investigation Agency|NIA]], of 83-years old [[Stan Swami|Rev. Fr. Stan Swamy, S.J.]], [[Jesuit]] priest and activist, working with tribals for decades, and his subsequent death in custody, in a Mumbai hospital, on 5 July 2021, has been widely discussed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nia-court-to-pass-order-on-stan-swamy-bail-on-march-22/article34084504.ece|title=NIA court to pass order on Stan Swamy bail on March 22|newspaper=The Hindu|date=16 March 2021|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Regi |first1=Anjali |title=Fr. Stan Swamy arrested: Widespread protest |url=https://www.catholicfocus.in/fr-stan-swamy-arrested-widespread-protest/ |website=Catholic Focus |date=9 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/father-stan-swamy-accused-in-elgar-parishad-case-passes-away-3927641.html | title=Elgar Parishad Case: Activist Stan Swamy, 84, Passes Away Ahead of Hearing on Bail Plea | publisher=News18 | date=5 July 2021 | access-date=5 July 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://indianexpress.com/article/india/stan-swamy-arrest-father-nia-6718311/  | title = ‘Distressed, troubled’: Ranchi Catholic Church issues statement on Stan Swamy’s arrest, demands his release  | publisher =  The Indian Express, 9 October 2020 | access-date = 4 September  2021}}</ref>

According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Tamar CD block had a total population of 132,672, all of which were rural. There were 67,073 (51%) males and 65,599 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 19,793. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 15,315 (11.54%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 56,925 (42.91%).<ref name=census2011/>

The percentage of Scheduled Tribes in Ranchi district, in 2011, was 47.67% of the population (rural) in the blocks.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 56, Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref> The percentage of Scheduled Tribes, numbering 1,042,016, in the total the total population of Ranchi district numbering 2,914,253 in 2011, was 35.76%. The [[Kurukh people|Oraons]] forming 18.20% of the population and the [[Munda people|Mundas]] forming 10.30% of the population, were the main tribes. Other tribes included (percentage of population in brackets) Lohra (2.46), Bedia (1.32) and [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] (1.09).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Pages 39-40: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes of Cenus 2011 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>

According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' as of 2001, [[Nagpuria language|Nagpuria]] was the mother-tongue of 608,856 persons forming 20.89% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Hindi]] 528,989 persons (18.15%), [[Mundari language|Mundari]] 432,541 persons (14.84%) and other languages (with no details) 1,343,867 persons (46.11%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Mother tongue of earlier census| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>

According to the ''District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011 census,'' [[Hindus]] numbered 1,612,239 and formed 55.32% of the population of Ranchi district, followed by [[Muslims]] 410,759 (14.09%), [[Christians]] 193,974 (6.66%), other religions 685,936 (23.54), religion not stated 11,345 (0.39%).<ref>{{cite web| url= https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Ranchi, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 census|work = page 39: Religion data of Ranchi district during census 2011| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 28 August 2021}}</ref>

==Rural poverty==

60-70% of the population of Ranchi district were in the [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] category in 2004–2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/1/MPRA_paper_45258.pdf  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India| work = Table I: Spatial Distribution of Poverty in Jharkhand | publisher =  Munich Personal RePEc Archive | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref> In 2011-12, the proportion of BPL population in Ranchi district came down to 27.82%.<ref>{{cite web | url =  https://www.livemint.com/Specials/bqVly6xj4usB3DiTibS3DK/Spatial-poverty-in-Jharkhand.html | title = Spatial poverty in Jharkhand  | publisher = Mint  | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref> According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line. More than 75% of the work force is engaged in agriculture, although only 23% of the area is under cultivation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/45258/#:~:text=The%20incidence%20of%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20is%20estimated,are%20main%20causes%20for%20poverty%20in%20Jharkhand%20state.  | title =  Rural Poverty in Jharkhand, India: An Empirical Study based on Panel Data  | publisher = MPRA  | access-date =  1 September 2021}}</ref>

In Ranchi district, 23% of the total area is covered with forests. “With the gradual deforestation of the district, more and more land is being brought under cultivation.” Terraced low lands are called ''don'' and the uplands are called ''tanr''. The hill streams remain almost dry, except in the rainy season, and does not offer much scope for irrigation.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2019_PART_A_DCHB_RANCHI.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Ranchi, 2011, Series 21, Part XII A | work = Page 11:Forestry and Flora and Fauna, Page12: Soil and Cropping, Land and Land use pattern, tenancy and agriculture, Page 13: Irrigation  | publisher =  Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. | access-date = 2 September 2021}}</ref>