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{{Distinguish|Nganu Leima}}
{{Contains special characters}}
{{Infobox deity
{{Infobox deity
| type        = Meitei
| type        = Meitei
Line 4: Line 6:
| deity_of    = Goddess of fish  
| deity_of    = Goddess of fish  
| member_of    = [[Lairembi]]s
| member_of    = [[Lairembi]]s
| image        = Beautiful mermaid fabulous creature.jpg
| image        = NGALEIMA.jpg
| alt          = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] -->
| alt          = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] -->
| caption      =  
| caption      = "Ngaleima", the [[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]] name of the goddess, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida
| other_names  =  
| other_names  =  
* Lemlei Ngaleima
* Lemlei Ngaleima
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| gender      = Female
| gender      = Female
| Greek_equivalent    = [[Amphitrite]]
| Greek_equivalent    = [[Amphitrite]]
| Roman_equivalent    = [[:en:Salacia|Salacia]]
| Roman_equivalent    = [[Salacia]]
| Etruscan_equivalent  =  
| Etruscan_equivalent  =  
| Christian_equivalent =  
| Christian_equivalent =  
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| festivals    = [[Lai Haraoba]]
| festivals    = [[Lai Haraoba]]
}}
}}
{{Meitei deities}}
{{Infobox Sanamahist term
| title    = Ngaleima
| en      = Ngaleima
| omp      = ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ
| omp-Latn = ngaa-lei-ma
| mni      = ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ
| mni-Latn = ngaa-rei-ma
| as      = ঙালৈমা / ঙাৰৈমা
| as-Latn  = ngaa-lei-ma / ngaa-rei-ma
| bn      = ঙালৈমা / ঙারৈমা
| bn-Latn  = ngaa-lei-ma / ngaa-rei-ma
| my      =
| my-Latn  =
| hi      = ङालैमा 
| hi-Latn  = ngaa-lei-ma
}}
{{Meitei mythology}}
{{Sanamahism}}
'''Lemlei Ngaleima''' ({{lang-omp|ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ|lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma|fish goddess}}) or '''Ngareima''' ({{lang-mni|ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ|ngaa-rei-ma}}) is the goddess and the divine female personification of the [[fish]]es and the aquatic life in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) of [[Ancient Manipur]] ([[Antique Kangleipak]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&q=ngareima+fish+fouoibi+Phouoibi+friends+thumleima+goddess&pg=PA14|title=The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai|last=Devi|first=Lairenlakpam Bino|date=2002|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-849-5|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDluAAAAMAAJ&q=ngareima+fish|title=Proceedings of North East India History Association|last=Session|first=North East India History Association|date=2003|publisher=The Association|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+fish|title=The Eastern Anthropologist|date=1974|publisher=Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P.|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess|title=Man in India|last=Bahadur)|first=Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai|date=1970|publisher=A. K. Bose|language=en}}</ref> She is a sister (or ''friend'') of the goddesses, [[Phouoibi]], [[Thumleima]] and [[Ereima]] ([[Ireima]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />
'''Lemlei Ngaleima''' ({{lang-omp|ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ|lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma|fish goddess}}) or '''Ngareima''' ({{lang-mni|ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ|ngaa-rei-ma}}) is the goddess and the divine female personification of the [[fish]]es and the aquatic life in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) of [[Ancient Manipur]] ([[Antique Kangleipak]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&q=ngareima+fish+fouoibi+Phouoibi+friends+thumleima+goddess&pg=PA14|title=The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai|last=Devi|first=Lairenlakpam Bino|date=2002|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-849-5|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDluAAAAMAAJ&q=ngareima+fish|title=Proceedings of North East India History Association|last=Session|first=North East India History Association|date=2003|publisher=The Association|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+fish|title=The Eastern Anthropologist|date=1974|publisher=Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P.|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess|title=Man in India|last=Bahadur)|first=Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai|date=1970|publisher=A. K. Bose|language=en}}</ref> She is a sister (or ''friend'') of the goddesses, [[Phouoibi]], [[Thumleima]] and [[Ereima]] ([[Ireima]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />


== Etymology ==
== Etymology ==
[[File:NGALEIMA.jpg|thumb|300px|The name "Ngaleima", written in ancient Meetei Mayek abugida]]
The [[Meitei language|Meitei]] female given name "Ngaleima" (ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ) is made up of two words. The two words are "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) and "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ). "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) has multiple meanings. It may mean ''to [[:en:wikt:incline|incline]]'' or ''to [[:en:wikt:lean|lean]]'' in verbal form. It means [[fish]] in noun form. Here, the word "Nga" (ꯉꯥ)  
The [[Meitei language|Meitei]] female given name "Ngaleima" (ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ) is made up of two words. The two words are "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) and "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ). "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) has multiple meanings. It may mean ''to [[:en:wikt:incline|incline]]'' or ''to [[:en:wikt:lean|lean]]'' in verbal form. It means [[fish]] in noun form. Here, the word "Nga" (ꯉꯥ)  
refers to "fish".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%89%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Nga|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref> The word "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ) means queen, mistress or lady.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Leima|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref>
refers to "fish".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%89%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Nga|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref> The word "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ) means queen, mistress or lady.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Leima|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref>


== Myths ==
== Myths ==
[[File:Mermaid Drawing.jpg|thumb]]
[[Menstruation|Menstrual blood]], charoo ([[hay]], dried paddy stalks), hentak (edible fish paste), sumjit ([[broom]]) are considered [[profanity|unholy]] to Goddess Ngaleima.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/aclcpl000001283a551/page/384/mode/2up?q=Ngaleima|title=ACL-CPL 00128 Man In India Vol.50 1970 Oct-Dec}}</ref> So, if there is an adverse entry of fish into the fishing nets, the presence of menstruating woman is highly suspected at the spot, especially on the floating dam.<ref name=":4" /> Other suspicious reasons are the dropping down of the charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks) or hentak (edible fish paste) or sumjit (broom) by people out of jealousy into the place.<ref name=":4" />
[[Menstruation|Menstrual blood]], charoo ([[hay]], dried paddy stalks), hentak (edible fish paste), sumjit ([[broom]]) are considered [[profanity|unholy]] to Goddess Ngaleima.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/aclcpl000001283a551/page/384/mode/2up?q=Ngaleima|title=ACL-CPL 00128 Man In India Vol.50 1970 Oct-Dec}}</ref> So, if there is an adverse entry of fish into the fishing nets, the presence of menstruating woman is highly suspected at the spot, especially on the floating dam.<ref name=":4" /> Other suspicious reasons are the dropping down of the charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks) or hentak (edible fish paste) or sumjit (broom) by people out of jealousy into the place.<ref name=":4" />


== Association with other deities ==
== Association with other goddesses ==
{{See|Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi}}
{{See|Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi}}
Goddess Ngaleima (Ngareima) is considered to be one of the divine manifestations of [[Leimarel Sidabi|Leimarel (Leimalel)]], the supreme mother earth goddess. It is said that Leimalel becomes Ngaleima when she is in the fish yard.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.461915/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Ngareima+Leimalel+manifests+fish+yard|title=A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy|last=Singh|first=L. Bhagyachandra|date=1991|pages=73}}</ref>
Goddess Ngaleima (Ngareima) is considered to be one of the divine manifestations of [[Leimarel Sidabi|Leimarel (Leimalel)]], the supreme mother earth goddess. It is said that Leimalel becomes Ngaleima when she is in the fish yard.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.461915/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Ngareima+Leimalel+manifests+fish+yard|title=A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy|last=Singh|first=L. Bhagyachandra|date=1991|pages=73}}</ref>


== In popular culture ==
== In popular culture ==
* [[Phou-oibi, the rice goddess]] is a 2009 ballad opera performed by the [[Laihui Ensemble]]. It is based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2013/03/22/laihui-ensemble-manipur-%E2%80%93-phou-oibi-the-rice-goddess-to-perform-at-esplanade-theatre-studio-singapore/|title=Laihui Ensemble Manipur – Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess to perform at Esplanade Theatre Studio Singapore|website=www.manipur.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sgmagazine.com/events/singapore-music-festivals/phou-oibi-rice-goddess-laihui-ensemble|title=Phou-Oibi, the Rice Goddess by Laihui Ensemble|website=sgmagazine.com}}</ref>
* [[Phou-oibi, the rice goddess]] is a 2009 ballad opera performed by the [[:simple:Laihui Ensemble|Laihui Ensemble]]. It is based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2013/03/22/laihui-ensemble-manipur-%E2%80%93-phou-oibi-the-rice-goddess-to-perform-at-esplanade-theatre-studio-singapore/|title=Laihui Ensemble Manipur – Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess to perform at Esplanade Theatre Studio Singapore|website=www.manipur.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sgmagazine.com/events/singapore-music-festivals/phou-oibi-rice-goddess-laihui-ensemble|title=Phou-Oibi, the Rice Goddess by Laihui Ensemble|website=sgmagazine.com}}</ref>
* [[Phouoibi Shayon]] is a 2017 [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]] mythology movie based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=20..010417.apr17|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar : 01st apr17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|website=e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2017/03/31/phouoibi-shayon-to-be-shown-at-shankar/|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar – Manipur News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/news/item/8155-film-release|title=Film Release - Imphal Times|first=Maheshwar|last=Gurumayum|website=www.imphaltimes.com}}</ref>
* [[Phouoibi Shayon]] is a 2017 [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]] mythology movie based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=20..010417.apr17|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar : 01st apr17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|website=e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2017/03/31/phouoibi-shayon-to-be-shown-at-shankar/|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar – Manipur News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/news/item/8155-film-release|title=Film Release - Imphal Times|first=Maheshwar|last=Gurumayum|website=www.imphaltimes.com}}</ref>


== Related pages ==
== See also ==
* [[Imoinu]] ([[Emoinu]]) - Meitei goddess of wealth
* [[Imoinu]] ([[Emoinu]]) - Meitei goddess of wealth
* [[Ireima]] ([[Ereima]]) - Meitei goddess of water  
* [[Ireima]] ([[Ereima]]) - Meitei goddess of water  
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{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== Other websites ==
== External links ==
{{Commons}}
{{Wiktionary|Ngaleima}}
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Ngaleima&sin=TXT Ngaleima_archive.org]
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Ngaleima&sin=TXT Ngaleima_archive.org]
 
{{Sanamahi1}}
[[Category:Abundance deities]]
[[Category:Abundance goddesses]]
[[Category:Animal deities]]
[[Category:Animal goddesses]]
[[Category:Arts deities]]
[[Category:Arts goddesses]]
[[Category:Beauty deities]]
[[Category:Beauty goddesses]]
[[Category:Fertility deities]]
[[Category:Fertility goddesses]]
[[Category:Fortune deities]]
[[Category:Fortune goddesses]]
[[Category:Leima]]
[[Category:Magic deities]]
[[Category:Magic goddesses]]
[[Category:Maintenance deities]]
[[Category:Maintenance goddesses]]
[[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]]
[[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]]
 
[[Category:Names of God in Sanamahism]]
{{simple-Wikipedia}}
[[Category:Nature deities]]
[[Category:Nature goddesses]]
[[Category:Pastoral deities]]
[[Category:Pastoral goddesses]]
[[Category:Peace deities]]
[[Category:Peace goddesses]]
[[Category:Savior deities]]
[[Category:Savior goddesses]]
[[Category:Time and fate deities]]
[[Category:Time and fate goddesses]]
[[Category:Virgin goddesses]]

Latest revision as of 14:12, 27 June 2022

Not to be confused with Nganu Leima.
Ngaleima
Goddess of fish
Member of Lairembis
"Ngaleima", the Ancient Meitei name of the goddess, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida
Other names
  • Lemlei Ngaleima
  • Lemlei Ngareima
AffiliationMeitei mythology (Manipuri mythology) and Meitei religion (Sanamahism)
AbodeUnderwater world
AnimalsFish
SymbolFish
TextsPuYas
GenderFemale
RegionAncient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur)
Ethnic groupMeitei ethnicity
FestivalsLai Haraoba
Personal information
Parents
Siblings
Greek equivalentAmphitrite
Roman equivalentSalacia

Template:Infobox Sanamahist term

Part of a series on
Meitei mythology
A tableau depicting Meitei divine mythical beings, like Hiyang Hiren and Pakhangba.
Deities
Heroes and heroines
Mythical creatures
Related

Template:Sanamahism Lemlei Ngaleima (Old Manipuri: ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ, romanized: lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma, lit. 'fish goddess') or Ngareima (Meitei: ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ, romanized: ngaa-rei-ma) is the goddess and the divine female personification of the fishes and the aquatic life in Meitei mythology and religion (Sanamahism) of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak).[1][2][3][4] She is a sister (or friend) of the goddesses, Phouoibi, Thumleima and Ereima (Ireima).[1][2][3][4]

Etymology[edit | edit source]

The Meitei female given name "Ngaleima" (ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ) is made up of two words. The two words are "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) and "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ). "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) has multiple meanings. It may mean to incline or to lean in verbal form. It means fish in noun form. Here, the word "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) refers to "fish".[5] The word "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ) means queen, mistress or lady.[6]

Myths[edit | edit source]

Menstrual blood, charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks), hentak (edible fish paste), sumjit (broom) are considered unholy to Goddess Ngaleima.[7] So, if there is an adverse entry of fish into the fishing nets, the presence of menstruating woman is highly suspected at the spot, especially on the floating dam.[7] Other suspicious reasons are the dropping down of the charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks) or hentak (edible fish paste) or sumjit (broom) by people out of jealousy into the place.[7]

Association with other goddesses[edit | edit source]

Further information: Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi

Goddess Ngaleima (Ngareima) is considered to be one of the divine manifestations of Leimarel (Leimalel), the supreme mother earth goddess. It is said that Leimalel becomes Ngaleima when she is in the fish yard.[8]

In popular culture[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Session, North East India History Association (2003). Proceedings of North East India History Association. The Association.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Eastern Anthropologist. Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P. 1974.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bahadur), Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai (1970). Man in India. A. K. Bose.
  5. ↑ "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Nga". uchicago.edu. 2006.
  6. ↑ "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Leima". uchicago.edu. 2006.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 ACL-CPL 00128 Man In India Vol.50 1970 Oct-Dec.
  8. ↑ Singh, L. Bhagyachandra (1991). A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy. p. 73.
  9. ↑ "Laihui Ensemble Manipur – Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess to perform at Esplanade Theatre Studio Singapore". www.manipur.org.
  10. ↑ "Phou-Oibi, the Rice Goddess by Laihui Ensemble". sgmagazine.com.
  11. ↑ "Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar : 01st apr17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net.
  12. ↑ "Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar – Manipur News".
  13. ↑ Gurumayum, Maheshwar. "Film Release - Imphal Times". www.imphaltimes.com.

External links[edit | edit source]

Template:Sanamahi1

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