List of Manipuri kings: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Aspect of History}}
{{short description|List of rulers of Indian state of Manipur}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Kingdom of Manipur}}
{{Kingdom of Manipur}}


List of Monarchs that ruled the [[Kingdom of Manipur]] ''(present state of Manipur in northeast India)'' have been recorded in Court Chronicles of the Kings of Manipur (''[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]])''<ref>{{Cite book|title=The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|others=Parratt, Saroj Nalini.|isbn=0-203-44427-2|location=London|oclc=252763470}}</ref>''.''
List of Monarchs that ruled the [[Kingdom of Manipur]] (present state of Manipur in [[northeast India]]) have been recorded in Court Chronicles of the Kings of Manipur (''[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]])''<ref>{{Cite book|title=The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|others=Parratt, Saroj Nalini.|isbn=0-203-44427-2|location=London|oclc=252763470}}</ref>''.''
 
[[File:IN-MN.svg|thumb|Location of [[Manipur]] in [[Republic of India]] ]]
[[File:IN-MN.svg|thumb|Location of [[Manipur]] in [[Republic of India]] ]]
{{See|Manipur|History of Manipur|India}}
The Kingdom of ''[[Kangleipak]]'' with written constitution was established in 1110 CE by [[Loiyumba]], ruler of [[Kangleipak State]] who incorporated most neighboring principalities.<ref name="PT">Phanjoubam Tarapot, ''Bleeding Manipur'', Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) {{ISBN|978-8124109021}}</ref> The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king [[Khagemba]] (1597–1652 CE). In 1714, a king named [[Pamheiba]] adopted [[Hinduism]]. He adopted the name [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]], and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as '''Manipur''' (Sanskrit for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was [[Burmese invasions of Assam|conquered by Burma]] in 1819 CE, and became a [[Princely State]] within the [[British Raj]] in 1825 CE till 1947 CE.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Kunal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LoYEAAAQBAJ&q=manipur+merger+agreement+conflict&pg=PT87|title=Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia|date=2021-02-28|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37161-1|language=en}}</ref>


The Kingdom of ''[[Kangleipak]]'' with written constitution was established in 1110 by Loiyumba, who a local tribal ruler who incorporated most neighboring principalities.<ref name="PT">Phanjoubam Tarapot, ''Bleeding Manipur'', Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) {{ISBN|978-8124109021}}</ref> The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king Khagemba (1597–1652). In 1714, a king named Pamheiba adopted [[Hinduism]]. He adopted the name Gharib Nawaz, and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as ''Manipur'' (Sanskrit for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was [[Burmese invasions of Assam|conquered by Burma]] in 1819, and became a princely state within the [[British Raj]] in 1821. On 11 August 1947, Manipur Maharajah Bodhchandra singh signed [[The Instrument of Accession]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Instrument_of_Accession_and_Standstill_Agreement_of_Manipur_to_Dominion_of_India.pdf</ref> agreeing to accede defense, communication and external affairs to [[Dominion of India| Union of India]] on the assurance of autonomy of Manipur  and further signed a merger agreement in October 1949 which is disputed to be an agreement made under duress.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-OoCgAAQBAJ&q=Manipur+signing+instrument+of+accession+and+conflict&pg=PT44|title=State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India|date=2015-10-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-39650-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Kunal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LoYEAAAQBAJ&q=manipur+merger+agreement+conflict&pg=PT87|title=Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia|date=2021-02-28|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37161-1|language=en}}</ref> It then became a part C state of the [[Republic of India]] in 1949 which is further upgraded to union territory in 1956 and a full fledged state in 1972.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roy|first=Kaushik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEBBDgAAQBAJ&q=instrument+of+accession+granted+autonomy+to+manipur&pg=PT187|title=Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017-03-02|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-87709-1|language=en}}</ref>
On 11 August 1947 CE, Maharajah of Manipur [[Bodhchandra Singh]] signed the [[Instrument of Accession]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Instrument_of_Accession_and_Standstill_Agreement_of_Manipur_to_Dominion_of_India.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> agreeing to accede defense, communication and external affairs to [[Dominion of India|Union of India]] on the assurance of autonomy of Manipur  and further signed a merger agreement in October 1949 which is disputed to be an agreement made under duress.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-OoCgAAQBAJ&q=Manipur+signing+instrument+of+accession+and+conflict&pg=PT44|title=State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India|date=2015-10-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-39650-5|language=en}}</ref> It then became a part C state of the [[Republic of India]] in 1949 which is further upgraded to union territory in 1956 and a full fledged state in 1972.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roy|first=Kaushik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEBBDgAAQBAJ&q=instrument+of+accession+granted+autonomy+to+manipur&pg=PT187|title=Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017-03-02|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-87709-1|language=en}}</ref>


==Ancient kings==
== Ancient Rulers ==


A number of legendary kings are mentioned in the [[Cheitharol Kumbaba|Royal Chronicle]], written down in the 19th century.''<ref>"The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.</ref>''
A number of legendary kings are mentioned in the "[[Cheitharol Kumbaba|Royal Chronicle]]", wrote in the 19th century.''<ref>"The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.</ref>''


The Cheitharol Kumbaba begins with '''Nongda Lairen Pakhangba''' ([[Ningthouja dynasty]]).
Note:–mentoined time period of rulers in epoch of the [[Meitei calendar]]


===Khapa-Nganpa Salai===
=== Khapa-Nganpa Salai - Branch ===


*Taang-chaa Leela Pakhangpa
* Taang-chaa Leela Pakhangpa (1445–1405 BCE)
(1445–1405 BCE)
* Kangba (1405–1397/1359 BCE)
*Kangba
* Maliyafam Palcha (1397/1359–1329 BCE)  
(1405–1359 BCE)
* Kaksu Tonkonpa (1329 BCE)
*Maliya Fampalcha
* Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa (934 BCE)
(1359–1329 BCE) ''(epoch of the Meitei calendar)''
* ''Unknown Rulers''
*Kaksu Tonkonpa
* Samlungpha (44–34 BCE)
(1329 BCE)
* Chingkhong Poireiton (34–18 BCE)
*Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa
* Singtabung (18–8 BCE)
(934 BCE)
* Paangminnaba (8–1 BCE)
*Samlungpha
(44–34 BCE)
*Chingkhong Poireiton
(34–18 BCE)
*Singtabung
(18–8 BCE)
*Paangminnaba
(8–1 BCE)


===Luwang Salai===
=== Luwang Salai - Branch ===


*Luwang Khunthipa (1–5 CE)
*Luwang Khunthipa (1–5 CE)
*Luwang Punshipa (5–33 CE)
*Luwang Punshipa (5–33 CE)


===Ningthoucha===
== Ningthouja (Mangang) dynasty (33 – 1074 CE) ==
{{main|Ningthouja dynasty|Mangang}}
 
The "[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]]" begins with '''Nongda Lairen Pakhangba''' (Ningthouja dynasty).


*Nongta Lailen Pakhangpa (33–154 CE)
* Nongta Lailen Pakhangpa (33–154 CE),  founder of dynasty
*Khuiyoi Tompok (154-264 CE)
* Khuiyoi Tompok (154–264 CE)
*Taothingmang (264-364 CE)
* Taothingmang (264–364 CE)
*Khui Ningonba (364-379 CE)
* Khui Ningonba (364–379 CE)
*Pengsipa (379-394 CE)
* Pengsipa (379–394 CE)
*Kaokhangpa (394-411 CE)
* Kaokhangpa (394–411 CE)
*Naokhampa (411-428 CE)
* Naokhampa (411–428 CE)
*Naophangpa (428-518 CE)
* Naophangpa (428–518 CE)
*Sameilang (518-568 CE)
* Sameilang (518–568 CE)
*Urakonthoupa (568-658 CE)
* Urakonthoupa (568–658 CE)
*Naothingkhon (663-763 CE)
* Naothingkhon (663–763 CE)
*Khongtekcha (763-773 CE)
* Khongtekcha (763–773 CE)
*Keilencha (784-799 CE)
* Keilencha (784–799 CE)
* Yalaba (799-821 CE)
* Yalaba (799–821 CE)
* Ayangpa (821-910 CE)
* Ayangpa (821–910 CE)
* Ningthoucheng (910-949 CE)
* Ningthoucheng (910–949 CE)
* Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthapa (949-969 CE)
* Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthapa (949–969 CE)
* Keiphaba Yanglon (969-984 CE)
* Keiphaba Yanglon (969–984 CE)
* Irengba (984-1074 CE)
* Irengba (984–1074 CE), last ruler of dynasty


==Kangleipak State==
== Kangleipak dynasty (1074 – 1819 CE) ==
{{Main|Kangleipak State}}
{{Main|Kangleipak State}}


# [[Loiyumba|Loiyumpa ]](1074-1112)
* [[Loiyumba]] (1074–1112 CE), founder of dynasty & he provided the Meetei kingdom with a written constitution which is known as '''Loiyumba Sinyen'''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=KSHETRIMAYUM|first=JOGENDRO|date=2009|title=Shooting the Sun: A Study of Death and Protest in Manipur|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25663656|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=44|issue=40|pages=48–54|quote=Loiyamba Shinyen (ls), considered the first writ ten constitution of Manipur (Kabui 1988; Naorem 1988). Dated to 1110 ad, it was written during the reign of Loiyamba or Loiyumba|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>
# [[Loitongpa]] (1112-1150)
* Loitongpa (1112–1150 CE)
# [[Atom Yoilempa]] (1150-1163)
* Atom Yoilempa (1150–1163 CE)
# [[Iyanthapa ]](1163-1195)
* Iyanthapa (1163–1195 CE)
# [[Thayanthapa]] (1195-1231)
* Thayanthapa (1195–1231 CE)
# [[Chingthang Lanthapa]] (1231-1242)
* Chingthang Lanthapa (1231–1242 CE)
# [[Thingpai Shelhongpa]] (1242-1247)
* Thingpai Shelhongpa (1242–1247 CE)
# [[Pulanthapa]] (1247-1263)
* Pulanthapa (1247–1263 CE)
# [[Khumompa]] (1263-1278)
* Khumompa (1263–1278 CE)
# [[Moilampa]] (1278-1302)
* Moilampa (1278–1302 CE)
# [[Thangpi Lanthapa]] (1302-1324)
* Thangpi Lanthapa (1302–1324 CE)
# [[Kongyampa]] (1324-1335)
* Kongyampa (1324–1335 CE)
# [[Telheipa]] (1335-1355)
* Telheipa (1335–1355 CE)
# [[Tonapa]] (1355-1359)
* Tonapa (1355–1359 CE)
# [[Tapungpa]] (1359-1394)
* Tapungpa (1359–1394 CE)
# [[Lailenpa]] (1394-1399)
* Lailenpa (1394–1399 CE)
# [[Punsipa]] (1404-1432)
* Punsipa (1404–1432 CE)
# [[Ningthoukhompa]] (1432-1467)
* Ningthoukhompa (1432–1467 CE)
# [[Senpi Kiyampa]] (1467-1508)
* Senpi Kiyampa (1467–1508 CE)
# [[Koilempa]] (1508-1512)
* Koilempa (1508–1512 CE)
# [[Lamkhyampa]] (1512-1523)
* Lamkhyampa (1512–1523 CE)
# [[Nonginphapa]] (1523-1524)
* Nonginphapa (1523–1524 CE)
# [[Kapompa]] (1524-1542)
* Kapompa (1524–1542 CE)
# [[Tangchampa]] (1542-1545)
* Tangchampa (1542–1545 CE)
# [[Chalampa]] (1545-1562)
* Chalampa (1545–1562 CE)
# [[Mungyampa]] (1562-1597)
* Mungyampa (1562–1597 CE)
# [[Khagemba|Khaki Ngampa]](1597-1652)
* [[Khagemba]](1597–1652 CE)
# [[Khunchaopa]] (1652-1666)
* Khunchaopa (1652–1666 CE)
# [[Paikhompa]] (1666-1697)
* Paikhompa (1666–1697 CE)
# [[Pitambar Charairongba|Charairongba]] (1697-1709)
* [[Pitambar Charairongba]] (1697–1709 CE)
# [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]] (Ningthem Pamheipa) (1709-1754), adoption of the name ''Manipur''
* [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]] (Ningthem Pamheipa) (1709–1754 CE), adopted name of '''Manipur'''
# [[Chitsai|Chit Sain]] (1754-1756)
* [[Chitsai]] (1754–1756 CE)
# [[Gaurisiam]] (1756-1763)
* [[Gaurisiam]] (1756–1763 CE)
# [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] (Bhagya Chandra) (1764-1798)
* [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] (Bhagya Chandra) (1764–1798 CE)
# [[Rohinchandra]] (Harshachandra Singh) (1798-1801)
* [[Rohinchandra]] (Harshachandra Singh) (1798–1801 CE)
# [[Maduchandra Singh]] (1801-1806)
* [[Maduchandra Singh]] (1801–1806 CE)
# [[Charajit Singh]] (1806-1812)
* [[Charajit Singh]] (1806–1812 CE)
# [[Marjit Singh]] (1812-1819), brother of Charajit, came to power with Burmese support
* [[Marjit Singh]] (1812–1819 CE), brother of Charajit & came to power with Burmese support
 
==Burmese rule==


There were two feudatory kings during the time of the Burmese invasions, Herachandra (1819)
== Burmese rule in Manipur (1819 – 1825 CE) ==
and Yumjaotaba (1820).
{{main|Burmese invasions of Assam}}


[[Gambhir Singh]] ascended in April 1821 and was forced into exile in October of the same year. The Burmese forces placed a son-in-law of Gharib Niwaz, one Jai Singh, on the throne of Manipur. Jai Singh was shortly replaced by Shoobal Singh, a brother of Kara Singh.<ref>Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur (1958),[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.98685/page/n77 p. 61].</ref>
There were two feudatory kings during the time of the [[Burmese invasions of Assam|Burmese invasions]].
<!--
;Rulers-
Pitambar Singh, a nephew of Marjit, ousted the Burmese puppet ruler in 1822 but refused to hand over the kingdom. Gambhir Singh went to Manipur with a small force and defeated Pitambar, but Gambhir Singh, running out of supplies, was forced to return to exile to Cachar.
* Raja Shubol (1819–1823 CE)  
* Raja Pitambara Singh (1823–1825 CE)


* Jadu Singh (Nongpok Chinslenkhomba) (1823){{cn}}
== Princely State of Manipur under British Raj (1825 – 1947 CE) ==
* Raghab Singh (1823-1824){{cn}}
{{main|Manipur (princely state)}}
* Bhadra Singh (Nongchup Lamgaingamba) (r. April 1825 – June 1825){{cn}}
-->


==Princely State (British Raj)==
;Rajas-
* [[Gambhir Singh]] (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) (1825–1834 CE), restored after the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]
* ''Regency'' for [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1834–1850 CE)
* [[Nara Singh]] (1844–1850 CE), son of Bhadra Singh
* [[Debendro Singh]] (1850 CE), brother of Nara Singh
* [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1850–1886 CE), son of Gambhir Singh
* [[Surchandra Singh]] (1886–1890 CE)
* [[Kulachandra Singh]] (1890–1891 CE)
* [[Churachand Singh]] (1891–1918 CE)
;Maharajas-
* [[Churachand Singh]] (1918–1941 CE)
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1941–1947 CE), last ruler of [[Manipur (princely state)]]


* [[Gambhir Singh]] (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) (1825-1834), restored after the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]
== Dominion of India and Republic of India ==
: ''Regency'' for Chandrakirti Singh (1834-1850)
:* [[Nara Singh]] (1844-1850), son of Bhadra Singh
:* [[Debendro Singh]] (1850), brother of Nara Singh
* [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1850-1886), son of Gambhir Singh
* [[Surchandra Singh]] (1886-1890)
* [[Kulachandra Singh]] (1890-1891)
* [[Churachand Singh]] (1891-1941)
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1941-1947), d. 1955


== Sovereign State of Manipur ==
;Sovereign State of Manipur
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1947–1949 CE), last official ruler of Manipur<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_1|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_2|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 2|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_3|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 3|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>


* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1947-1949), d. 1955<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_1|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_2|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 2|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_3|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 3|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
;Titular Rulers
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1949–1955 CE)
* [[Pareihanba Okendro]] (1955–1976 CE)
* [[Leishemba Sanajaoba]] (1976 to till present)<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/57635575.cms 'Royal' gamble by RSS pays off in Imphal valley], Times of India, 14 March 2014 ("The [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh|RSS]]'s move to involve the titular 'king' of Manipur, Meidingu Leishemba Sanajaoba, in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's poll campaign").</ref>


==Dominion of India and Republic of India==
== See also ==
 
* [[Manipur]]
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1949-1955), d. 1955<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/manipur/documents/papers/manipur_merger_agreement_1949.htm|title=Manipur Merger Agreement, 1949|website=www.satp.org|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
* [[History of Manipur]]
 
* [[Manipur (princely state)]]
After the death of [[Bodhchandra Singh]] in 1955, there have been two titular kings of Manipur:
* [[Meitei people]]
 
* [[Meitei calendar]]
* [[Pareihanba Okendro]] (1955 - 1976)
* [[Hinduism in Manipur]]
* [[Leishemba Sanajaoba]] (1996 to present)<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/57635575.cms 'Royal' gamble by RSS pays off in Imphal valley], Times of India, 14 March 2014 ("The [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh|RSS]]'s move to involve the titular 'king' of Manipur, Meidingu Leishemba Sanajaoba, in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's poll campaign").</ref>
* [[History of India]]
* [[List of Indian monarchs ]]


==References==
==References==
Line 150: Line 149:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Cite web|url=http://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html|title=A Brief history of the Meiteis of Manipur|last=nigombam|first=macks|website=themanipurpage.tripod.com}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html|title=A Brief history of the Meiteis of Manipur|last=nigombam|first=macks|website=themanipurpage.tripod.com}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesangaiexpress.com/tag/titular-king-leishemba-sanajaoba/|title=Titular king Leishemba Sanajaoba Archives - The Sangai Express|website=The Sangai Express|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-13}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesangaiexpress.com/tag/titular-king-leishemba-sanajaoba/|title=Titular king Leishemba Sanajaoba Archives - The Sangai Express|website=The Sangai Express|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-13}}

Revision as of 21:34, 24 April 2022


Kingdom of Manipur
Part of History of Manipur
Kings of Manipur
Loiyumba 1074-1112
Senbi Kiyamba 1467-1508
Koirengba 1508-1512
Khagemba 1597-1652
Pitambar Charairongba 1697–1709
Pamheiba 1720–1751
Gaurisiam 1752–1754
Chitsai 1754–1756
Ching-Thang Khomba 1769–1798
Rohinchandra 1798–1801
Maduchandra Singh 1801–1806
Chourjit Singh 1806–1812
Marjit Singh 1812–1819
Gambhir Singh 1825–1834
Raja Nara Singh 1844–1850
Debindro Singh 1850–1850
Chandrakirti Singh 1850–1886
Surachandra Singh 1886–1890
Kulachandra Singh 1890–1891
Churachandra Singh 1891–1941
Bodhchandra Singh 1941–1949
Manipur monarchy data

List of Monarchs that ruled the Kingdom of Manipur (present state of Manipur in northeast India) have been recorded in Court Chronicles of the Kings of Manipur (Cheitharol Kumbaba)[1].

Location of Manipur in Republic of India

The Kingdom of Kangleipak with written constitution was established in 1110 CE by Loiyumba, ruler of Kangleipak State who incorporated most neighboring principalities.[2] The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king Khagemba (1597–1652 CE). In 1714, a king named Pamheiba adopted Hinduism. He adopted the name Gharib Nawaz, and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as Manipur (Sanskrit for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was conquered by Burma in 1819 CE, and became a Princely State within the British Raj in 1825 CE till 1947 CE.[3]

On 11 August 1947 CE, Maharajah of Manipur Bodhchandra Singh signed the Instrument of Accession[4] agreeing to accede defense, communication and external affairs to Union of India on the assurance of autonomy of Manipur and further signed a merger agreement in October 1949 which is disputed to be an agreement made under duress.[5] It then became a part C state of the Republic of India in 1949 which is further upgraded to union territory in 1956 and a full fledged state in 1972.[6]

Ancient Rulers

A number of legendary kings are mentioned in the "Royal Chronicle", wrote in the 19th century.[7]

Note:–mentoined time period of rulers in epoch of the Meitei calendar

Khapa-Nganpa Salai - Branch

  • Taang-chaa Leela Pakhangpa (1445–1405 BCE)
  • Kangba (1405–1397/1359 BCE)
  • Maliyafam Palcha (1397/1359–1329 BCE)
  • Kaksu Tonkonpa (1329 BCE)
  • Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa (934 BCE)
  • Unknown Rulers
  • Samlungpha (44–34 BCE)
  • Chingkhong Poireiton (34–18 BCE)
  • Singtabung (18–8 BCE)
  • Paangminnaba (8–1 BCE)

Luwang Salai - Branch

  • Luwang Khunthipa (1–5 CE)
  • Luwang Punshipa (5–33 CE)

Ningthouja (Mangang) dynasty (33 – 1074 CE)

Main articles: Ningthouja dynasty and Mangang

The "Cheitharol Kumbaba" begins with Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (Ningthouja dynasty).

  • Nongta Lailen Pakhangpa (33–154 CE), founder of dynasty
  • Khuiyoi Tompok (154–264 CE)
  • Taothingmang (264–364 CE)
  • Khui Ningonba (364–379 CE)
  • Pengsipa (379–394 CE)
  • Kaokhangpa (394–411 CE)
  • Naokhampa (411–428 CE)
  • Naophangpa (428–518 CE)
  • Sameilang (518–568 CE)
  • Urakonthoupa (568–658 CE)
  • Naothingkhon (663–763 CE)
  • Khongtekcha (763–773 CE)
  • Keilencha (784–799 CE)
  • Yalaba (799–821 CE)
  • Ayangpa (821–910 CE)
  • Ningthoucheng (910–949 CE)
  • Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthapa (949–969 CE)
  • Keiphaba Yanglon (969–984 CE)
  • Irengba (984–1074 CE), last ruler of dynasty

Kangleipak dynasty (1074 – 1819 CE)

Main article: Kangleipak State
  • Loiyumba (1074–1112 CE), founder of dynasty & he provided the Meetei kingdom with a written constitution which is known as Loiyumba Sinyen.[8]
  • Loitongpa (1112–1150 CE)
  • Atom Yoilempa (1150–1163 CE)
  • Iyanthapa (1163–1195 CE)
  • Thayanthapa (1195–1231 CE)
  • Chingthang Lanthapa (1231–1242 CE)
  • Thingpai Shelhongpa (1242–1247 CE)
  • Pulanthapa (1247–1263 CE)
  • Khumompa (1263–1278 CE)
  • Moilampa (1278–1302 CE)
  • Thangpi Lanthapa (1302–1324 CE)
  • Kongyampa (1324–1335 CE)
  • Telheipa (1335–1355 CE)
  • Tonapa (1355–1359 CE)
  • Tapungpa (1359–1394 CE)
  • Lailenpa (1394–1399 CE)
  • Punsipa (1404–1432 CE)
  • Ningthoukhompa (1432–1467 CE)
  • Senpi Kiyampa (1467–1508 CE)
  • Koilempa (1508–1512 CE)
  • Lamkhyampa (1512–1523 CE)
  • Nonginphapa (1523–1524 CE)
  • Kapompa (1524–1542 CE)
  • Tangchampa (1542–1545 CE)
  • Chalampa (1545–1562 CE)
  • Mungyampa (1562–1597 CE)
  • Khagemba(1597–1652 CE)
  • Khunchaopa (1652–1666 CE)
  • Paikhompa (1666–1697 CE)
  • Pitambar Charairongba (1697–1709 CE)
  • Gharib Nawaz (Ningthem Pamheipa) (1709–1754 CE), adopted name of Manipur
  • Chitsai (1754–1756 CE)
  • Gaurisiam (1756–1763 CE)
  • Ching-Thang Khomba (Bhagya Chandra) (1764–1798 CE)
  • Rohinchandra (Harshachandra Singh) (1798–1801 CE)
  • Maduchandra Singh (1801–1806 CE)
  • Charajit Singh (1806–1812 CE)
  • Marjit Singh (1812–1819 CE), brother of Charajit & came to power with Burmese support

Burmese rule in Manipur (1819 – 1825 CE)

Main article: Burmese invasions of Assam

There were two feudatory kings during the time of the Burmese invasions.

Rulers-
  • Raja Shubol (1819–1823 CE)
  • Raja Pitambara Singh (1823–1825 CE)

Princely State of Manipur under British Raj (1825 – 1947 CE)

Main article: Manipur (princely state)
Rajas-
Maharajas-

Dominion of India and Republic of India

Sovereign State of Manipur
Titular Rulers

See also

References

  1. ↑ The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes. Parratt, Saroj Nalini. London: Routledge. 2005. ISBN 0-203-44427-2. OCLC 252763470.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ↑ Phanjoubam Tarapot, Bleeding Manipur, Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) ISBN 978-8124109021
  3. ↑ Mukherjee, Kunal (28 February 2021). Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-37161-1.
  4. ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Instrument_of_Accession_and_Standstill_Agreement_of_Manipur_to_Dominion_of_India.pdf Template:Bare URL PDF
  5. ↑ Subramanian, K. S. (5 October 2015). State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-39650-5.
  6. ↑ Roy, Kaushik (2 March 2017). Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-87709-1.
  7. ↑ "The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.
  8. ↑ KSHETRIMAYUM, JOGENDRO (2009). "Shooting the Sun: A Study of Death and Protest in Manipur". Economic and Political Weekly. 44 (40): 48–54. ISSN 0012-9976. Loiyamba Shinyen (ls), considered the first writ ten constitution of Manipur (Kabui 1988; Naorem 1988). Dated to 1110 ad, it was written during the reign of Loiyamba or Loiyumba
  9. ↑ "Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  10. ↑ "Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 2". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  11. ↑ "Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 3". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  12. ↑ 'Royal' gamble by RSS pays off in Imphal valley, Times of India, 14 March 2014 ("The RSS's move to involve the titular 'king' of Manipur, Meidingu Leishemba Sanajaoba, in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's poll campaign").

External links

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