Kannada: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
|wiki = wikipedia
|name        = Kannada
|format = html
|image = Каннада.PNG
|intro = true
|nativename  = ಕನ್ನಡ {{IAST|''kannaḍa ''}}
|states      = India - [[Karnataka]], [[Kasargod|Kasaragod, Kerala]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Andhra pradesh]], [[Goa]], [[Tamil Nadu]] and significant communities in [[Mauritius]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=115832 |title=Mallige Kannada balaga: spreading fragrance of Karnataka in Mauritius |publisher=Daijiworld.com |accessdate=2013-02-12 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107031637/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=115832 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[United Arab Emirates]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=97803 |title=Dubai: Kannada Koota UAE to hold 'Sangeetha Saurabha' |publisher=Daijiworld.com |accessdate=2013-02-12 |archive-date=2019-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107031648/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=97803 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Thailand]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thaikannadabalaga.com |title=Kannada Balaga |publisher="Kannada Balaga" |accessdate=2013-02-12 |archive-date=2013-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228070409/http://www.thaikannadabalaga.com/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|region      =
|speakers    = 60 million
|date        = 2011
|ref        = <ref>Nationalencyklopedin "Världens 100 största språk 2007" The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007</ref>
|speakers2  = 11.4 million as a second language<ref>{{cite web|author=TNN |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-03-14/india/28117934_1_second-language-speakers-urdu |title=Indiaspeak: English is our 2nd language |work=Times of India |date=14 March 2010 |accessdate=2013-02-12}}</ref>
|ethnicity  = Kannadiga
|familycolor = Dravidian
|fam2        = [[Southern Dravidian languages|Southern]]
|fam3        = [[Tamil–Kannada languages|Tamil–Kannada]]
|fam4        = Kannada–Badaga
|iso1=kn
|iso2=kan
|iso3=kan
|nation      = [[Karnataka]]
|agency      = Various academies and the [[Government]] of [[Karnataka]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The Karnataka official language act, 1963{{spaced ndash}}Karnataka Gazette (Extraordinary) Part IV-2A |year=1963 |publisher=Government of Karnataka|pages=33}}</ref>
|script      = [[Kannada alphabet]] ([[Brahmic scripts|Brahmic]])<br>[[Kannada Braille]]
|notice=Indic
|map=Kannadaspeakers.png
|mapcaption=Distribution of native Kannada speakers in India<ref>Distribution of native Kannada speakers in India. [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/overview/languages/himal1992max.jpg]</ref>
}}
}}
<div style="text-align: right;"><code>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/{{{1|{{PAGENAME}}}}}|from Wikipedia]</code></div>
[[File:8th century Kannada inscription on victory pillar at Pattadakal.jpg|thumb|180px|Old Kannada script on a victory pillar, 8th century]]
[[File:Kavi file2.jpg |thumb|210px|Modern Kannada script]]
{{distinguish|Canada}}
{{InterWiki|code=kn}}
 
[[File:Deepadadi 25.ogg|thumb|Spoken Kannada]]
 
'''Kannada''' ({{lang|kn|ಕನ್ನಡ}}) is a language,<ref>sometimes called 'Canarese'</ref> and it is a [[writing system|script]] used for [[writing]] the language. Most people in the southern [[India]]n state of [[Karnataka]] speak Kannada, and there are speakers in [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Kerala]] and [[Goa]]. There are some differences in the way Kannada is spoken in these places. There are about 44 million people who speak the language.<ref name=omniglot>{{cite web |url= http://www.omniglot.com/writing/kannada.htm |title=Kannada alphabet, pronunciation and language |first= |last=|work=omniglot.com |year=2011  |accessdate=7 November 2011}}</ref>
 
Kannada is a [[Dravidian languages|Dravidian language]], which is a different language family from the [[Indo-European]] or [[Aryan]] languages of the north, such as [[Hindi]] but close to the other southern languages like [[Telugu]]. It has about 1500 years of written history. The first version is known as the Old Kannada script. By about 1500 it had morphed into the Kannada and [[Telugu]] scripts. Printing presses introduced by Christian [[Missionary|missionaries]]  at the beginning of the 19th century standardized the Kannada and Telugu scripts.
 
The Kannada script is a type of writing system called an alpha[[syllabary]]. All consonants have a built-in vowel. Other vowels are indicated with [[diacritic]]s, which appear next to the consonants.<ref>above, below, before or after</ref> When they appear at the beginning of a syllable, vowels are written as separate letters. When consonants appear together without intervening vowels, the second consonant is written as a special joint symbol, usually below the first. The direction of writing: left to right in horizontal lines.<ref name=omniglot/>
 
It has highest number of Janapeeta literary awards compared to any Indian language. Kannada had a huge boost during the [[Vijayanagar]] period. Shri [[Vinoba Bhave]] called "Kannada" script the "Queen of World Scripts" {{ndash}} "Vishwa Lipigala Raani".
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
== Other websites ==
* [http://www.sumanasa.com/kannada-news/ Kannada News]
* [https://www.udayavani.com/ Kannada News]
* [https://www.udayavani.com/ Kannada Newspaper]
* [https://www.udayavani.com/ Online Kannada News]
 
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]
[[Category:Languages of India]]

Revision as of 18:33, 21 February 2021

Kannada
ಕನ್ನಡ kannaḍa
Native toIndia - Karnataka, Kasaragod, Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra pradesh, Goa, Tamil Nadu and significant communities in Mauritius,[1] United Arab Emirates,[2] Thailand.[3]
EthnicityKannadiga
Native speakers
60 million (2011)[4]
11.4 million as a second language[5]
Dravidian
Kannada alphabet (Brahmic)
Kannada Braille
Official status
Official language in
Karnataka
Regulated byVarious academies and the Government of Karnataka[6]
Language codes
ISO 639-1kn
ISO 639-2kan
ISO 639-3kan
Distribution of native Kannada speakers in India[7]
Old Kannada script on a victory pillar, 8th century
Modern Kannada script
Not to be confused with Canada.


Spoken Kannada

Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) is a language,[8] and it is a script used for writing the language. Most people in the southern Indian state of Karnataka speak Kannada, and there are speakers in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Kerala and Goa. There are some differences in the way Kannada is spoken in these places. There are about 44 million people who speak the language.[9]

Kannada is a Dravidian language, which is a different language family from the Indo-European or Aryan languages of the north, such as Hindi but close to the other southern languages like Telugu. It has about 1500 years of written history. The first version is known as the Old Kannada script. By about 1500 it had morphed into the Kannada and Telugu scripts. Printing presses introduced by Christian missionaries at the beginning of the 19th century standardized the Kannada and Telugu scripts.

The Kannada script is a type of writing system called an alphasyllabary. All consonants have a built-in vowel. Other vowels are indicated with diacritics, which appear next to the consonants.[10] When they appear at the beginning of a syllable, vowels are written as separate letters. When consonants appear together without intervening vowels, the second consonant is written as a special joint symbol, usually below the first. The direction of writing: left to right in horizontal lines.[9]

It has highest number of Janapeeta literary awards compared to any Indian language. Kannada had a huge boost during the Vijayanagar period. Shri Vinoba Bhave called "Kannada" script the "Queen of World Scripts" – "Vishwa Lipigala Raani".

References

  1. ↑ "Mallige Kannada balaga: spreading fragrance of Karnataka in Mauritius". Daijiworld.com. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2013-02-12.
  2. ↑ "Dubai: Kannada Koota UAE to hold 'Sangeetha Saurabha'". Daijiworld.com. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2013-02-12.
  3. ↑ "Kannada Balaga". "Kannada Balaga". Archived from the original on 2013-02-28. Retrieved 2013-02-12.
  4. ↑ Nationalencyklopedin "Världens 100 största språk 2007" The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007
  5. ↑ TNN (14 March 2010). "Indiaspeak: English is our 2nd language". Times of India. Retrieved 2013-02-12.
  6. ↑ The Karnataka official language act, 1963 – Karnataka Gazette (Extraordinary) Part IV-2A. Government of Karnataka. 1963. p. 33.
  7. ↑ Distribution of native Kannada speakers in India. [1]
  8. ↑ sometimes called 'Canarese'
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Kannada alphabet, pronunciation and language". omniglot.com. 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  10. ↑ above, below, before or after

Other websites

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