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{{Infobox officeholder | {{Infobox officeholder | ||
| order1 = Minister of Iron and Steel Mines | | order1 = Minister of Iron and Steel Mines | ||
| term_start1 = 1971 | | term_start1 = 1971 | ||
| term_end1 = 1972 | | term_end1 = 1972 | ||
| primeminister1 = [[Indira Gandhi]] | | primeminister1 = [[Indira Gandhi]] | ||
| predecessor1 = | | predecessor1 = | ||
| successor1 = | | successor1 = | ||
| order2 = Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) for [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]] | | order2 = Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) for [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]] | ||
| term_start2 = 1971 | | term_start2 = 1971 | ||
| term_end2 = 1972 | | term_end2 = 1972 | ||
| monarch2 = | | monarch2 = | ||
| primeminister2 = [[Indira Gandhi]] | | primeminister2 = [[Indira Gandhi]] | ||
| predecessor2 = [[Thirumudi.N.Sethuraman]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pondicherry General (Lok Sabha) Election Results 2014|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/parliamentaryconstituencies/pondicherry/general-election-results.html|publisher=Maps of India|access-date=15 February 2016}}</ref> | | predecessor2 = [[Thirumudi.N.Sethuraman]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Pondicherry General (Lok Sabha) Election Results 2014|url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/parliamentaryconstituencies/pondicherry/general-election-results.html|publisher=Maps of India|access-date=15 February 2016}}</ref> | ||
| successor2 = | | successor2 = | ||
| order3 = Advocate-General for [[Madras State]] | | order3 = Advocate-General for [[Madras State]] | ||
| term_start3 = 1966 | | term_start3 = 1966 | ||
| term_end3 = 1967 | | term_end3 = 1967 | ||
| Chief Minister= [[M. Bhaktavatsalam]] | | Chief Minister = [[M. Bhaktavatsalam]] | ||
| predecessor3 = [[N. Krishnaswami Reddy]] | | predecessor3 = [[N. Krishnaswami Reddy]] | ||
| successor3 = | | successor3 = [[Govind Swaminadhan]] | ||
| birth_date = 1 November 1916 | | birth_date = 1 November 1916 | ||
| birth_place = London, United Kingdom | | birth_place = [[London]], [[United Kingdom]] | ||
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1973|05|31|1916|11|01}} | | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1973|05|31|1916|11|01}} | ||
| death_place = | | death_place = [[New Delhi]], India | ||
| nationality = [[India]]n | | nationality = [[India]]n | ||
| party = [[Communist Party of India]] (1938 - 1967),<br />[[Indian National Congress]] (1967 - 1973) | | party = [[Communist Party of India]] (1938 - 1967),<br />[[Indian National Congress]] (1967 - 1973) | ||
| religion = | | religion = | ||
| image= | | image = | ||
| alma_mater = | | alma_mater = | ||
| profession = [[ | | profession = [[Lawyer]] | ||
| spouse = Kalyani | | spouse = {{marriage|Kalyani Mukerjee|1943}} | ||
| children = | | children = Uma Kumaramangalam, <br />[[Rangarajan Kumaramangalam]], <br />[[Lalitha Kumaramangalam]] | ||
| relations = [[General P. P. Kumaramangalam]],<br />[[Parvathi Krishnan]],<br />[[Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam]] (Grandson)}} | | relations = [[General P. P. Kumaramangalam]],<br />[[Parvathi Krishnan]],<br />[[Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam]] (Grandson) | ||
}} | |||
'''Surendra Mohan Kumaramangalam''' ({{lang-ta|சுரேந்திர மோகன் குமாரமங்கலம்}}) ( | '''Surendra Mohan Kumaramangalam''' ({{lang-ta|சுரேந்திர மோகன் குமாரமங்கலம்}}) (1 November 1916 — 30 May 1973) was an Indian politician and [[communist]] theorist who was a member of the [[Communist Party of India]], and later, the [[Indian National Congress]]. He served as a member of [[Lok Sabha]] for [[Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency)|Pondicherry]] from 1971 to 1972. He also served as Advocate-General for Madras State from 1966 to 1967. | ||
==Early life and education== | ==Early life and education== | ||
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Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the [[Inner Temple]].<ref name="review">{{cite book|title=Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80|publisher=Review Publishing Co. Ltd.|year=1973}}</ref> He returned to India in 1939<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> and participated in the [[Indian Independence Movement]]. | Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the [[Inner Temple]].<ref name="review">{{cite book|title=Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80|publisher=Review Publishing Co. Ltd.|year=1973}}</ref> He returned to India in 1939<ref name="premonitionsp188"/> and participated in the [[Indian Independence Movement]]. | ||
== In the Indian Independence movement == | == Career == | ||
=== In the Indian Independence movement === | |||
In 1941, Kumaramangalam was arrested along with [[P. Ramamurthi]], C. S. Subramaniam and R. Umanath for distributing seditious pamphlets in what came to be known as the Madras Conspiracy Case.<ref name="nehrup502">{{cite book|title=Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru|author=M. Chalapathi N. Y. Sharada Prasad, and B. R. Nanda|pages=502|publisher=Orient Longman|year=1982}}</ref> Kumaramangalam was later released. During the [[Second World War]] Kumaramangalam served as the editor of the communist magazine, ''People's War'', which on the conclusion of hostilities he renamed as ''People's Age''. | In 1941, Kumaramangalam was arrested along with [[P. Ramamurthi]], C. S. Subramaniam and R. Umanath for distributing seditious pamphlets in what came to be known as the Madras Conspiracy Case.<ref name="nehrup502">{{cite book|title=Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru|author=M. Chalapathi N. Y. Sharada Prasad, and B. R. Nanda|pages=502|publisher=Orient Longman|year=1982}}</ref> Kumaramangalam was later released. During the [[Second World War]] Kumaramangalam served as the editor of the communist magazine, ''People's War'', which on the conclusion of hostilities he renamed as ''People's Age''. | ||
== Post-independence politics == | === Post-independence politics === | ||
[[File:Selam mohan kumaaramangalam government hospital.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The government medical college hospital in Salem, has been named after Mohan Kumaramangalam]] | [[File:Selam mohan kumaaramangalam government hospital.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The government medical college hospital in Salem, has been named after Mohan Kumaramangalam]] | ||
In the days following India's independence Madras Presidency was gripped by a peasant rebellion, which compelled the provincial government to launch a crackdown on communists. Kumaramangalam was arrested along with other communist leaders and released after the rebellion had subsided.<ref name="jayakanthanp24">{{cite book|title=A literary man's political experiences|pages=24|author=Dandapani Jayakanthan|publisher=READ Books|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4067-3569-7}}</ref> Kumaramangalam favoured friendly relations with the [[Soviet Union]] and established the Indo-Soviet Cultural Society.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> However, with the onset of the 1960s Kumaramangalam began distancing himself from communism. He served as Advocate General of Madras. Following the victory of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] in the 1967 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections, Kumaramangalam resigned from the Communist Party of India and joined the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> | In the days following India's independence Madras Presidency was gripped by a peasant rebellion, which compelled the provincial government to launch a crackdown on communists. Kumaramangalam was arrested along with other communist leaders and released after the rebellion had subsided.<ref name="jayakanthanp24">{{cite book|title=A literary man's political experiences|pages=24|author=Dandapani Jayakanthan|publisher=READ Books|year=2006|isbn=978-1-4067-3569-7}}</ref> Kumaramangalam favoured friendly relations with the [[Soviet Union]] and established the Indo-Soviet Cultural Society.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> However, with the onset of the 1960s Kumaramangalam began distancing himself from communism. He served as Advocate General of Madras. Following the victory of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] in the 1967 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections, Kumaramangalam resigned from the Communist Party of India and joined the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> | ||
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He served as the Minister of Steel and Mines from 1971 until his death in 1973.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> | He served as the Minister of Steel and Mines from 1971 until his death in 1973.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> | ||
== | == Personal life == | ||
Mohan Kumaramangalam married Kalyani Mukerjee, niece of Bengali politician [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] in 1943. Ajoy Mukherjee, later, served as the [[Chief Minister]] of [[West Bengal]]. The couple had a son, [[Rangarajan Kumaramangalam]] and two daughters.<ref name="kumaramangalam">{{cite news|title=Kumaramangalam family's role in development remembered |url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050119213301/http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 January 2005|date=17 October 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Rangarajan Kumaramangalam was a member of the Indian National Congress and later, the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and served as a minister in the [[P. V. Narasimha Rao|Narasimha Rao]] and [[Atal Behari Vajpayee]] governments.<ref name="kumaramangalam" /> Mohan's daughter, Lalitha Kumaramangalam contested the 2004 and 2009 Lok Sabha elections as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate from Tiruchirapalli and lost on both occasions. The older daughter is Uma Kumaramangalam who was Physics teacher Bal Krishan Kalra's student at Springdale Higher Secondary School in Delhi and is married to Malay Mukherjee. | Mohan Kumaramangalam married Kalyani Mukerjee, niece of Bengali politician [[Ajoy Mukherjee]] in 1943. Ajoy Mukherjee, later, served as the [[Chief Minister]] of [[West Bengal]]. The couple had a son, [[Rangarajan Kumaramangalam]] and two daughters.<ref name="kumaramangalam">{{cite news|title=Kumaramangalam family's role in development remembered |url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050119213301/http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/17/stories/2004101704590400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 January 2005|date=17 October 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Rangarajan Kumaramangalam was a member of the Indian National Congress and later, the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and served as a minister in the [[P. V. Narasimha Rao|Narasimha Rao]] and [[Atal Behari Vajpayee]] governments.<ref name="kumaramangalam" /> Mohan's daughter, Lalitha Kumaramangalam contested the 2004 and 2009 Lok Sabha elections as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate from Tiruchirapalli and lost on both occasions. The older daughter is Uma Kumaramangalam who was Physics teacher Bal Krishan Kalra's student at Springdale Higher Secondary School in Delhi and is married to Malay Mukherjee. | ||
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Kumaramangalam's grandson, Muktesh Mukherjee, and his wife Xiaomao Bai, are among the two [[Canadians|Canadian]] passengers aboard [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]] which went missing since 8 March 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Edwards|first1=Peter|title=Canadian on missing Malaysian Airlines plane lost grandfather to 1973 plane crash|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/03/11/canadian_on_missing_malaysian_airlines_plane_lost_grandfather_to_1973_plane_crash.html|website=Toronto Star|access-date=15 February 2016|date=11 March 2014}}</ref> | Kumaramangalam's grandson, Muktesh Mukherjee, and his wife Xiaomao Bai, are among the two [[Canadians|Canadian]] passengers aboard [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 370]] which went missing since 8 March 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Edwards|first1=Peter|title=Canadian on missing Malaysian Airlines plane lost grandfather to 1973 plane crash|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2014/03/11/canadian_on_missing_malaysian_airlines_plane_lost_grandfather_to_1973_plane_crash.html|website=Toronto Star|access-date=15 February 2016|date=11 March 2014}}</ref> | ||
Another grandson of Mohan Kumaramanglam is | Another grandson of Mohan Kumaramanglam is [[Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam]], who has joined politics after working as an entrepreneur and for technology companies. He unsuccessfully contested the Lok Sabha polls 2014 from Salem on a Congress ticket. He is the working president of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee.<ref>http://mohankumaramangalam.in</ref> | ||
== Death == | |||
Kumaramangalam was killed in the crash of [[Indian Airlines Flight 440]] on May 31, 1973 at the age of 56.<ref name="jayakanthanp24" /> Many of the dead were unidentifiable, but his body was identified by a Parker pen and a hearing aid he wore.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lUpQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ulcDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5720,127936&dq=new+delhi+indian+airlines+crash&hl=en 3 Americans survive, but 4 die in New Delhi crash]</ref> | |||
==Works== | ==Works== | ||
Revision as of 02:23, 20 July 2021
Mohan Kumaramangalam | |
|---|---|
| Minister of Iron and Steel Mines | |
| In office 1971–1972 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) for Pondicherry | |
| In office 1971–1972 | |
| Prime Minister | Indira Gandhi |
| Preceded by | Thirumudi.N.Sethuraman[1] |
| Advocate-General for Madras State | |
| In office 1966–1967 | |
| Preceded by | N. Krishnaswami Reddy |
| Succeeded by | Govind Swaminadhan |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 November 1916 London, United Kingdom |
| Died | 31 May 1973 (aged 56) New Delhi, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Political party | Communist Party of India (1938 - 1967), Indian National Congress (1967 - 1973) |
| Spouse(s) | Kalyani Mukerjee ( m. 1943) |
| Relations | General P. P. Kumaramangalam, Parvathi Krishnan, Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam (Grandson) |
| Children | Uma Kumaramangalam, Rangarajan Kumaramangalam, Lalitha Kumaramangalam |
| Profession | Lawyer |
Surendra Mohan Kumaramangalam (Tamil: சுரேந்திர மோகன் குமாரமங்கலம்) (1 November 1916 — 30 May 1973) was an Indian politician and communist theorist who was a member of the Communist Party of India, and later, the Indian National Congress. He served as a member of Lok Sabha for Pondicherry from 1971 to 1972. He also served as Advocate-General for Madras State from 1966 to 1967.
Early life and education
Mohan Kumaramangalam was born in London to P. Subbarayan, then zamindar of Kumaramangalam in Thiruchengode Taluk, Namakkal district and later, Chief Minister of Madras Presidency and his wife, Radhabai Subbarayan on 1 November 1916.[2] He was their third and youngest son, P. P. Kumaramangalam and Gopal Kumaramangalam being elder to him. Kumaramangalam was educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge,[2] serving as President of the Cambridge Union Society in 1938.[2] During his period at Cambridge he was deeply influenced by Communism.[3]
Kumaramangalam was called to the bar by the Inner Temple.[4] He returned to India in 1939[2] and participated in the Indian Independence Movement.
Career
In the Indian Independence movement
In 1941, Kumaramangalam was arrested along with P. Ramamurthi, C. S. Subramaniam and R. Umanath for distributing seditious pamphlets in what came to be known as the Madras Conspiracy Case.[5] Kumaramangalam was later released. During the Second World War Kumaramangalam served as the editor of the communist magazine, People's War, which on the conclusion of hostilities he renamed as People's Age.
Post-independence politics
In the days following India's independence Madras Presidency was gripped by a peasant rebellion, which compelled the provincial government to launch a crackdown on communists. Kumaramangalam was arrested along with other communist leaders and released after the rebellion had subsided.[6] Kumaramangalam favoured friendly relations with the Soviet Union and established the Indo-Soviet Cultural Society.[6] However, with the onset of the 1960s Kumaramangalam began distancing himself from communism. He served as Advocate General of Madras. Following the victory of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam in the 1967 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections, Kumaramangalam resigned from the Communist Party of India and joined the Indian National Congress.[6]
Kumaramangalam was loyal to Indira Gandhi when the party split[6] and was elected to the Lok Sabha from Pondicherry in the 1971 elections.[7] He was the driving force behind Indira Gandhi's decision in 1973, to appoint Ajit Nath Ray was the Chief Justice of India superseding three senior judges of the Supreme Court of India - J. M. Shelat, A.N Grover and K. S. Hegde.[3]
He served as the Minister of Steel and Mines from 1971 until his death in 1973.[6]
Personal life
Mohan Kumaramangalam married Kalyani Mukerjee, niece of Bengali politician Ajoy Mukherjee in 1943. Ajoy Mukherjee, later, served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal. The couple had a son, Rangarajan Kumaramangalam and two daughters.[8] Rangarajan Kumaramangalam was a member of the Indian National Congress and later, the Bharatiya Janata Party and served as a minister in the Narasimha Rao and Atal Behari Vajpayee governments.[8] Mohan's daughter, Lalitha Kumaramangalam contested the 2004 and 2009 Lok Sabha elections as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate from Tiruchirapalli and lost on both occasions. The older daughter is Uma Kumaramangalam who was Physics teacher Bal Krishan Kalra's student at Springdale Higher Secondary School in Delhi and is married to Malay Mukherjee.
Mohan Kumaramangalam's brother P. P. Kumaramangalam was a distinguished army officer who served as India's Chief of Army Staff.[8] His sister, Parvathi Krishnan was a politician of the Communist Party of India and served three terms as Member of Parliament from Coimbatore.[8]
Kumaramangalam's grandson, Muktesh Mukherjee, and his wife Xiaomao Bai, are among the two Canadian passengers aboard Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 which went missing since 8 March 2014.[9]
Another grandson of Mohan Kumaramanglam is Rangarajan Mohan Kumaramangalam, who has joined politics after working as an entrepreneur and for technology companies. He unsuccessfully contested the Lok Sabha polls 2014 from Salem on a Congress ticket. He is the working president of Tamil Nadu Congress Committee.[10]
Death
Kumaramangalam was killed in the crash of Indian Airlines Flight 440 on May 31, 1973 at the age of 56.[6] Many of the dead were unidentifiable, but his body was identified by a Parker pen and a hearing aid he wore.[11]
Works
Mohan Kumaramangalam was a prominent communist theorist and authored a number of books and pamphlets. Some of his works include:
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1944). A New Germany in birth. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam; Boda Chen (1944). Critique of CHina's destiny: Review of Marshal Chiang Kai Shek's book. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam; Enlai Zhou, Vladimir Rogov,Zhongguo gong chan dang (1944). Who threatens China's unity. People's Publishing House.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Mohan Kumaramangalam (1945). The United Nations: Instrument for peace or dictatorship of the big five. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1946). Iran at the Crossroads. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1946). India's fight for equality in South Africe. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1947). India and the UNO. People's Publishing House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1965). India's language crisis: an introductory study. New Century Book House.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1966). Democracy and cult of the individual. National Book Club.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1971). Constitutional amendments: the reason why. All India Congress Committee.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1973). Coal industry in India: nationalisation and tasks ahead. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1973). Communists in Congress:Kumaramangalam's thesis. D. K. Pub. House. at Google Books
- Mohan Kumaramangalam (1973). Judicial appointments: an analysis of the recent controversy over the appointment of the Chief Justice of India. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co.
Notes
- ↑ "Pondicherry General (Lok Sabha) Election Results 2014". Maps of India. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Parameshwar Narain Haksar (1979). Premonitions. Interpress. p. 188.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Austin, Granville (1999). Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian Experience. New Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 182. ISBN 0-19-565610-5.
- ↑ Far Eastern economic review, Volumes 79-80. Review Publishing Co. Ltd. 1973.
- ↑ M. Chalapathi N. Y. Sharada Prasad, and B. R. Nanda (1982). Selected works of Jawaharlal Nehru. Orient Longman. p. 502.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Dandapani Jayakanthan (2006). A literary man's political experiences. READ Books. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-4067-3569-7.
- ↑ "Statistical Reports on the General Elections to the 5th Lok Sabha, 1971" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2009.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 "Kumaramangalam family's role in development remembered". The Hindu. 17 October 2004. Archived from the original on 19 January 2005.
- ↑ Edwards, Peter (11 March 2014). "Canadian on missing Malaysian Airlines plane lost grandfather to 1973 plane crash". Toronto Star. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- ↑ http://mohankumaramangalam.in
- ↑ 3 Americans survive, but 4 die in New Delhi crash