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'''"Lemlei Ngaleima"''' ({{lang-omp|ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ|lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma|fish goddess}}), also spelt as '''"Ngareima"''' ({{lang-mni|ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ|ngaa-rei-ma}}), is the female deity and the divine personification of the [[fish]]es and the aquatic life in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAXoECAYQAg</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAHoECAUQAg</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&pg=PA14&dq=ngareima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixhdq8va_uAhWU6nMBHdc0A3EQ6AEwAHoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=ngareima&f=false</ref> She is a daughter of [[Atingkok]] and a sister of the goddesses, [[Phouoibi]], [[Thumleima]] and [[Ereima]].<ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=eDluAAAAMAAJ&dq=ngareima&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=ngareima+fish</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAXoECAYQAg</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess&dq=ngaleima+goddess&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg-qPnva_uAhUu7HMBHeELCCgQ6AEwAHoECAUQAg</ref><ref>https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&pg=PA14&dq=ngareima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixhdq8va_uAhWU6nMBHdc0A3EQ6AEwAHoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=ngareima&f=false</ref>
[[File:Mermaid Drawing.jpg]]
{{Infobox deity
{{Infobox deity
|name=Ngaleima
| type        = Meitei
|image=Beautiful mermaid fabulous creature.jpg
| name         = Ngaleima
|other_names=Ngareima
| deity_of    = Goddess of fish
|siblings=[[Phouleima]], [[Thumleima]] and [[Ireima]]
| member_of    = [[Lairembi]]s
|texts=[[Puya (Meitei texts)|Puya]]
| image       = Beautiful mermaid fabulous creature.jpg
|festivals=[[Lai Haraoba]]
| alt          = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] -->
|Greek_equivalent=[[Amphitrite]]
| caption      =
|abode=Water|father=[[Atingkok]] (Salailen or Soraren)|ethnic_group=[[Meitei ethnicity]]|gender=Female|symbol=[[Fish]]|script=ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ|affiliation=[[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]])|venerated_in=Water|script_name=Meitei|member_of=Celestial goddesses|deity_of=Goddess of fish and aquatic life|greek_equivalent=[[Amphitrite]]}}
| other_names =  
* Lemlei Ngaleima
* Lemlei Ngareima
| hiro        =
| Old_Norse    =
| script_name  =
| script      =
| affiliation  = [[Meitei mythology]] ([[Manipuri mythology]]) and [[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]])
| cult_center  = <!-- or | cult_centre = -->
| abode        = Underwater world
| planet      = <!-- or | world = -->
| weapon      = <!-- or | weapons = -->
| battles      =
| artifacts    = <!-- or | artefacts = -->
| animals      = [[Fish]]
| symbol      = [[Fish]]
| adherents    =
| height      =
| age          =
| tree        =
| day          =
| color        = <!-- or | colour = -->
| number      =
| consort      = <!-- or | consorts = -->
| father      = [[Salailen]] (Soraren)
| siblings    =
* [[Phouoibi]] ([[Phouleima]])
* [[Thumleima]]
* [[Ereima]] ([[Ireima]])
| offspring    = <!-- or | children = -->
| predecessor  =
| successor    =
| army        =
| mount        =
| texts        = [[PuYa]]s
| gender      = Female
| Greek_equivalent     = [[Amphitrite]]
| Roman_equivalent    = [[:en:Salacia|Salacia]]
| Etruscan_equivalent  =
| Christian_equivalent =
| Slavic_equivalent    =
| Hinduism_equivalent  =
| Canaanite_equivalent =
| equivalent1_type =
| equivalent1 =
| equivalent2_type =
| equivalent2 =
| region      = [[Ancient Kangleipak]] ([[Antique Manipur]])
| ethnic_group = [[Meitei ethnicity]]
| festivals    = [[Lai Haraoba]]
}}
{{Meitei deities}}
'''Lemlei Ngaleima''' ({{lang-omp|ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ|lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma|fish goddess}}) or '''Ngareima''' ({{lang-mni|ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ|ngaa-rei-ma}}) is the goddess and the divine female personification of the [[fish]]es and the aquatic life in [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) of [[Ancient Manipur]] ([[Antique Kangleipak]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tIBymmBWqgsC&q=ngareima+fish+fouoibi+Phouoibi+friends+thumleima+goddess&pg=PA14|title=The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai|last=Devi|first=Lairenlakpam Bino|date=2002|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-849-5|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDluAAAAMAAJ&q=ngareima+fish|title=Proceedings of North East India History Association|last=Session|first=North East India History Association|date=2003|publisher=The Association|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvUZAAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+fish|title=The Eastern Anthropologist|date=1974|publisher=Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P.|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vKM4AAAAIAAJ&q=ngaleima+goddess|title=Man in India|last=Bahadur)|first=Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai|date=1970|publisher=A. K. Bose|language=en}}</ref> She is a sister (or ''friend'') of the goddesses, [[Phouoibi]], [[Thumleima]] and [[Ereima]] ([[Ireima]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />


==In popular culture==
== Etymology ==
* "Phouoibi, the rice goddess", a bailad opera, was performed by the Laihui Ensemble in 2009, based on the mythical saga of the goddess and her sisters.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://laihui.org/index.php/126-2/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=2021-01-27 |archive-date=2019-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223084822/http://laihui.org/index.php/126-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.manipur.org/news/2013/03/22/laihui-ensemble-manipur-%E2%80%93-phou-oibi-the-rice-goddess-to-perform-at-esplanade-theatre-studio-singapore/</ref><ref>https://sgmagazine.com/events/singapore-music-festivals/phou-oibi-rice-goddess-laihui-ensemble</ref><ref>https://m.indiamart.com/proddetail/phou-oibi-the-rice-goddess-2009-7000842597.html</ref>
[[File:NGALEIMA.jpg|thumb|300px|The name "Ngaleima", written in ancient Meetei Mayek abugida]]
* "Phouoibi Shayon", a 2017 mythology based Manipuri language feature film was released, based on the story of goddess Ngaleima and her sister Phouoibi.<ref>http://www.manipur.org/news/2017/03/31/phouoibi-shayon-to-be-shown-at-shankar/</ref><ref>https://www.imphaltimes.com/news/item/8155-film-release/amp</ref><ref>https://klmdb.com/title/0000542/release-info</ref><ref>https://klmdb.com/title/0000542</ref>
The [[Meitei language|Meitei]] female given name "Ngaleima" (ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ) is made up of two words. The two words are "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) and "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ). "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) has multiple meanings. It may mean ''to [[:en:wikt:incline|incline]]'' or ''to [[:en:wikt:lean|lean]]'' in verbal form. It means [[fish]] in noun form. Here, the word "Nga" (ꯉꯥ)
refers to "fish".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%89%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Nga|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref> The word "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ) means queen, mistress or lady.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/sharma_query.py?qs=%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5&searchhws=yes|title=Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Leima|website=uchicago.edu|year=2006}}</ref>


==References==
== Myths ==
[[File:Mermaid Drawing.jpg|thumb]]
[[Menstruation|Menstrual blood]], charoo ([[hay]], dried paddy stalks), hentak (edible fish paste), sumjit ([[broom]]) are considered [[profanity|unholy]] to Goddess Ngaleima.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/aclcpl000001283a551/page/384/mode/2up?q=Ngaleima|title=ACL-CPL 00128 Man In India Vol.50 1970 Oct-Dec}}</ref> So, if there is an adverse entry of fish into the fishing nets, the presence of menstruating woman is highly suspected at the spot, especially on the floating dam.<ref name=":4" /> Other suspicious reasons are the dropping down of the charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks) or hentak (edible fish paste) or sumjit (broom) by people out of jealousy into the place.<ref name=":4" />
 
== Association with other deities ==
{{See|Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi}}
Goddess Ngaleima (Ngareima) is considered to be one of the divine manifestations of [[Leimarel Sidabi|Leimarel (Leimalel)]], the supreme mother earth goddess. It is said that Leimalel becomes Ngaleima when she is in the fish yard.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.461915/page/n73/mode/2up?q=Ngareima+Leimalel+manifests+fish+yard|title=A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy|last=Singh|first=L. Bhagyachandra|date=1991|pages=73}}</ref>
 
== In popular culture ==
* [[Phou-oibi, the rice goddess]] is a 2009 ballad opera performed by the [[Laihui Ensemble]]. It is based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2013/03/22/laihui-ensemble-manipur-%E2%80%93-phou-oibi-the-rice-goddess-to-perform-at-esplanade-theatre-studio-singapore/|title=Laihui Ensemble Manipur – Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess to perform at Esplanade Theatre Studio Singapore|website=www.manipur.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sgmagazine.com/events/singapore-music-festivals/phou-oibi-rice-goddess-laihui-ensemble|title=Phou-Oibi, the Rice Goddess by Laihui Ensemble|website=sgmagazine.com}}</ref>
* [[Phouoibi Shayon]] is a 2017 [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]] mythology movie based on the story of the goddess and her sister [[Phouoibi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=20..010417.apr17|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar : 01st apr17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|website=e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manipur.org/news/2017/03/31/phouoibi-shayon-to-be-shown-at-shankar/|title=Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar – Manipur News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/news/item/8155-film-release|title=Film Release - Imphal Times|first=Maheshwar|last=Gurumayum|website=www.imphaltimes.com}}</ref>
 
== Related pages ==
* [[Imoinu]] ([[Emoinu]]) - Meitei goddess of wealth
* [[Ireima]] ([[Ereima]]) - Meitei goddess of water
* [[Leimarel Sidabi|Leimarel (Leimalel)]] - Meitei goddess of earth
* [[Panthoibi]] - Meitei goddess of civilization, love and warfare
* [[Phouoibi]] ([[Phouleima]]) - Meitei goddess of agricultural crops
* [[Thumleima]] - Meitei goddess of salt
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
== Other websites ==
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Ngaleima&sin=TXT Ngaleima_archive.org]
[[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]]
[[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]]
{{simple-Wikipedia}}
{{simple-Wikipedia}}

Revision as of 18:24, 16 March 2022

Ngaleima
Goddess of fish
Member of Lairembis
Other names
  • Lemlei Ngaleima
  • Lemlei Ngareima
AffiliationMeitei mythology (Manipuri mythology) and Meitei religion (Sanamahism)
AbodeUnderwater world
AnimalsFish
SymbolFish
TextsPuYas
GenderFemale
RegionAncient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur)
Ethnic groupMeitei ethnicity
FestivalsLai Haraoba
Personal information
Parents
Siblings
Greek equivalentAmphitrite
Roman equivalentSalacia
Meitei gods and goddesses
series
Heavenly gods and goddesses
Netherworld gods and goddesses

Lemlei Ngaleima (Old Manipuri: ꯂꯦꯝꯂꯩ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ, romanized: lem-lei ngaa-lei-ma, lit. 'fish goddess') or Ngareima (Meitei: ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ, romanized: ngaa-rei-ma) is the goddess and the divine female personification of the fishes and the aquatic life in Meitei mythology and religion (Sanamahism) of Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak).[1][2][3][4] She is a sister (or friend) of the goddesses, Phouoibi, Thumleima and Ereima (Ireima).[1][2][3][4]

Etymology

The name "Ngaleima", written in ancient Meetei Mayek abugida

The Meitei female given name "Ngaleima" (ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ) is made up of two words. The two words are "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) and "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ). "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) has multiple meanings. It may mean to incline or to lean in verbal form. It means fish in noun form. Here, the word "Nga" (ꯉꯥ) refers to "fish".[5] The word "Leima" (ꯂꯩꯃ) means queen, mistress or lady.[6]

Myths

Menstrual blood, charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks), hentak (edible fish paste), sumjit (broom) are considered unholy to Goddess Ngaleima.[7] So, if there is an adverse entry of fish into the fishing nets, the presence of menstruating woman is highly suspected at the spot, especially on the floating dam.[7] Other suspicious reasons are the dropping down of the charoo (hay, dried paddy stalks) or hentak (edible fish paste) or sumjit (broom) by people out of jealousy into the place.[7]

Association with other deities

Further information: Incarnations of Leimarel Sidabi

Goddess Ngaleima (Ngareima) is considered to be one of the divine manifestations of Leimarel (Leimalel), the supreme mother earth goddess. It is said that Leimalel becomes Ngaleima when she is in the fish yard.[8]

In popular culture

Related pages

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Session, North East India History Association (2003). Proceedings of North East India History Association. The Association.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Eastern Anthropologist. Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P. 1974.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bahadur), Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai (1970). Man in India. A. K. Bose.
  5. ↑ "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Nga". uchicago.edu. 2006.
  6. ↑ "Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary.Leima". uchicago.edu. 2006.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 ACL-CPL 00128 Man In India Vol.50 1970 Oct-Dec.
  8. ↑ Singh, L. Bhagyachandra (1991). A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy. p. 73.
  9. ↑ "Laihui Ensemble Manipur – Phou-oibi, the Rice Goddess to perform at Esplanade Theatre Studio Singapore". www.manipur.org.
  10. ↑ "Phou-Oibi, the Rice Goddess by Laihui Ensemble". sgmagazine.com.
  11. ↑ "Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar : 01st apr17 ~ E-Pao! Headlines". e-pao.net.
  12. ↑ "Phouoibi Shayon to be shown at Shankar – Manipur News".
  13. ↑ Gurumayum, Maheshwar. "Film Release - Imphal Times". www.imphaltimes.com.

Other websites


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