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''Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle'' or [[Shivaji|Shivaji I]], also known as [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]] was the son of a former military general of [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar Sultanate]], [[Maloji Bhosale|Shahaji Bhonsle]]<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/shivaji-the-great-1-dr.-balkrishna/page/52/mode/2up Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53]</ref>. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or [[Adil Shahi dynasty]] of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] in 1659. | ''Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle'' or [[Shivaji|Shivaji I]], also known as [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]] was the son of a former military general of [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar Sultanate]], [[Maloji Bhosale|Shahaji Bhonsle]]<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/shivaji-the-great-1-dr.-balkrishna/page/52/mode/2up Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53]</ref>. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or [[Adil Shahi dynasty]] of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] in 1659. | ||
The [[Battle of Surat]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=J. Ghugare |first=Dr. Ganesh |title=Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |date=21 June 2021 |publisher=Pencil |year=2021 |isbn=9789354580789 |language=English}}</ref> in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Sir Jadunath |title=Shivaji and his Times |date=1920 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1920 |pages=110 |language=English}}</ref>. [[Aurangzeb]] sent an expedition under the command of [[Jai Singh I]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II |date=2005 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2005 |isbn=9788124110669 |language=English}}</ref> to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the [[Battle of Purandar]] and subsequently, the [[Treaty of Purandar (1665)|Treaty of Purandar]] was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, [[Sambhaji]] were also taken to [[Agra]] as [[Prisoner of war|prisoners]] by the Mughals<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |date=2005 |publisher=New Dawn Press, Incorporated |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=47 |language=English}}</ref> but they managed to escape later in 1666. | The [[Battle of Surat]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=J. Ghugare |first=Dr. Ganesh |title=Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |date=21 June 2021 |publisher=Pencil |year=2021 |isbn=9789354580789 |language=English}}</ref> in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Sir Jadunath |title=Shivaji and his Times |date=1920 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1920 |pages=110 |language=English}}</ref>. [[Aurangzeb]] sent an expedition under the command of [[Jai Singh I]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II |date=2005 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2005 |isbn=9788124110669 |language=English}}</ref> to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the [[Battle of Purandar]] and subsequently, the [[Treaty of Purandar (1665)|Treaty of Purandar]] was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, [[Sambhaji]] were also taken to [[Agra]] as [[Prisoner of war|prisoners]] by the Mughals<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |date=2005 |publisher=New Dawn Press, Incorporated |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=47 |language=English}}</ref> but they managed to escape later in 1666. | ||
== Aftermath == | |||
The Maratha revolt did not resulted as useless or wasteful for the Maratha Clan. By capturing many forts and emerging victorious in the battles, the Marathas gained control over many of the western parts of [[Deccan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pillai |first=Manu S. |title=Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji |date=3 August 2020 |publisher=Juggernaut Publication, 2020 |year=2020 |isbn=9789353451066}}</ref> By fulfilling his mother [[Jijabai]]'s dream of [[Swaraj]] in 1674, Shivaji established the [[Maratha Empire]] within the territories under his control, and crowned himself as the first [[Chhatrapati]] of the Maratha Empire<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ranade |first=Govind |title=Rise of the Maratha Power |date=1900 |year=1900}}</ref> at fort Raigarh.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pillai |first=Manu S |title=Rebel Sultans: The Deccan from Khilji to Shivaji |date=2018 |publisher=Jagarnaut Publication, 2020 |isbn=978-93-86228-73-4}}</ref> Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj ruled for only six years(1674-1680), He died on 3rd April 1680. He was succeeded by his son, [[Sambhaji|Chhatrapati Sambhaji]]. | |||
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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