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''Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsle'' or [[Shivaji|Shivaji I]], also known as [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj]] was the son of a former military general of [[Ahmadnagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar Sultanate]], [[Maloji Bhosale|Shahaji Bhonsle]]<ref name="archive.org">[https://archive.org/details/shivaji-the-great-1-dr.-balkrishna/page/52/mode/2up Shivaji The Great Vol. I by Dr. Balkrishna p.53]</ref>. Shivaji forming an army began to capture the forts of Bijapur Sultanate or [[Adil Shahi dynasty]] of Deccan. He gained significant political influence and power after the [[Battle of Pratapgarh]] in 1659. | |||
The [[Battle of Surat]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=J. Ghugare |first=Dr. Ganesh |title=Unbelievable Battles Moves Of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj |date=21 June 2021 |publisher=Pencil |year=2021 |isbn=9789354580789 |language=English}}</ref> in 1664 was a pivotal event for the Marathas, especially after the failure of Shaista Khan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Sir Jadunath |title=Shivaji and his Times |date=1920 |publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |year=1920 |pages=110 |language=English}}</ref>. [[Aurangzeb]] sent an expedition under the command of [[Jai Singh I]]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II |date=2005 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |year=2005 |isbn=9788124110669 |language=English}}</ref> to defeat Shivaji in 1665. This led to the [[Battle of Purandar]] and subsequently, the [[Treaty of Purandar (1665)|Treaty of Purandar]] was signed between Shivaji and the Mughal Empire. As a part of the Treaty, the Marathas surrendered their 23 captured forts to the Mughal Empire. Shivaji along with his son, [[Sambhaji]] were also taken to [[Agra]] as [[Prisoner of war|prisoners]] by the Mughals<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Jaswant Lal |title=Advanced Study in the History of Modern India 1707-1813 |date=2005 |publisher=New Dawn Press, Incorporated |year=2005 |isbn=9781932705546 |pages=47 |language=English}}</ref> but they managed to escape later in 1666. | |||
==Reference== | ==Reference== | ||
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