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| nickname                =  
| nickname                =  
| settlement_type        = [[Hill station]]
| settlement_type        = [[Hill station]]
| image_skyline          = Parunthumpara 10.JPG
| image_skyline          = TeaPlantationPambanar 20080216-1.jpg
| image_alt              =  
| image_alt              =  
| image_caption          = View from Parunthumpara in Peerumedu
| image_caption          = Tea plantation near Pambanar community.<br />Taken from [[National Highway 183 (India)|National Highway 183]].
| pushpin_map            = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_map            = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_label_position  = left
| pushpin_label_position  = left
| pushpin_map_alt        =  
| pushpin_map_alt        =  
| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Kerala, India
| pushpin_map_caption    = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates            = {{coord|9.5505100|N|77.0302580|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates            = {{Coord|9|34|40|N|77|1|15|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|India}}
Line 24: Line 24:
| founder                =  
| founder                =  
| named_for              =  
| named_for              =  
| government_type        = [[Panchayath]]
| government_type        = [[Panchayati raj (India)]]
| governing_body          = Peerumedu panchayath
| governing_body          = Peermade Grama Panchayat
| unit_pref              = Metric
| unit_pref              = Metric
| area_footnotes          =  
| area_footnotes          =  
| area_rank              =  
| area_rank              =  
| area_total_km2          = 114.75
| area_total_km2          = 52.34
| elevation_footnotes    =  
| elevation_footnotes    =  
| elevation_m            =  
| elevation_m            =  
| population_total        = 25768
| population_total        = 22,213
| population_as_of        = 2001
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank        =  
| population_rank        =  
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_km2  = auto
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| demographics_type1      = Languages
| demographics_type1      = Languages
| demographics1_title1    = Official
| demographics1_title1    = Official
| demographics1_info1    = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969 |url=http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/kerala/1969/1969KERALA7.pdf}}</ref>
| demographics1_info1    = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], English<ref>{{cite web |title=The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969 |url=http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/kerala/1969/1969KERALA7.pdf |access-date=6 February 2021 |archive-date=20 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420030352/http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/kerala/1969/1969KERALA7.pdf |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
| demographics1_title2  = Regional
| demographics1_info2    = [[Malayalam]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]]<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Kerala |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10209/download/13321/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-3200.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |access-date=5 July 2023 |archive-date=18 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618004748/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10209/download/13321/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-3200.XLSX |url-status=live }}</ref>
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +5:30
| utc_offset1            = +5:30
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| footnotes              =  
| footnotes              =  
}}
}}
'''Peermade''', also spelt '''Peerumedu''' (malayalam: പീരുമേട്)is a [[hill station]] in the state of [[Kerala]], [[India]]. It lies {{convert|915|m}} above sea level in the [[Western Ghats]] (Sahyadri) about {{convert|85|km}} east of [[Kottayam]] on the way to [[Thekkady]] through the nearby city of [[Kanjirappally]].
'''Peermade''', also spelt '''Peerumedu''' is a village, [[Grama Panchayat]] and [[hill station]] in the state of [[Kerala]], in southwestern [[India]].<ref name="village">{{cite web
| url = https://landrevenue.kerala.gov.in/core/Office_websites/about_village.php?nm=57Peermadevillageoffice
| title = Peermade village
| publisher = Government of Kerala, Revenue Department
| access-date = 2025-05-20
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20250520113743/https://landrevenue.kerala.gov.in/core/Office_websites/about_village.php?nm=57Peermadevillageoffice
| archive-date = 2025-05-20
}}</ref> It lies {{convert|915|m}} above sea level in the [[Western Ghats]] (Sahyadri) about {{convert|85|km}} east of [[Kottayam]] on the way to [[Kumily]].
 
==Etymology==
The name is sometimes related to the [[Sufi]] saint, 'Peer Mohammed', as "hill of the Peer" (പീരുമേട്).<ref>http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230013835/http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ |date=30 December 2019 }} Story of Tea Plantation in Kerala / George Thengummoottil</ref> The name Peerumedu is derived from the fact that Pirmuhammed Waliullah, a prominent Siddha and Sufi monk of Tamil Nadu, chose the mountain for meditation for a long time. Siddhan, spiritual guru and famous Sufi poet of Tamil known as Rumi of South India Peeru Muhammad Sahib is resting at Takkala in Kanyakumari district. Takkala and Peerumed are pilgrimage centers.
 
There is also a local saying that the name "Peerumedu" has come from the large number of "Pera trees" ie. Guava trees that existed way back, Which inturn came to be called as "Peramedu" and now famously known as Peerumedu.
 
==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|radius=65
|caption = Languages of Peermade taluk (2011)
|label1 = [[Malayalam]] |value1 = 65.35|color1 = cornflowerblue
|label2 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] |value2 = 34.34|color2 =  pink
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.31|color3 = grey
}}
As of [[2011 Census of India|2011 Census]], Peerumade had a population of 22,213 with 11,049 males and 11,164 females. Peerumade village has an area of {{cvt|52.34|km2}} with 5,617 families residing in it. The average sex ratio was 1010 lower than the state average of 1084. In Peerumade, 8.8% of the population was under 6 years of age. Peerumade had an average literacy of 89.1% lower than the state average of 94%; male literacy was 93.9% and female literacy was 84.5%.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kerala |first1=Directorate of Census Operations |title=District Census Handbook, Idukki |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala |location=Thiruvananthapuram |page=70,71 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3209_PART_B_IDUKKI.pdf |access-date=14 July 2020 |archive-date=21 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220621172040/https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3209_PART_B_IDUKKI.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
The landscape of Peermade includes spectacular waterfalls, open grass lands and pine forests.<ref>http://old.kerala.gov.in/kercaljan06/p38-41.pdf A Heaven away from Heaven / [[George Thengummoottil]] / PRD, [[Government of Kerala]]</ref> Predominantly it is classified as [[Malanad]] with an elevation ranging from {{cvt|3000|ft|m}} from the mean sea level.
The landscape of Peermade includes spectacular waterfalls, open grass lands and pine forests.<ref>http://old.kerala.gov.in/kercaljan06/p38-41.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004225512/http://old.kerala.gov.in/kercaljan06/p38-41.pdf |date=4 October 2013 }} A Heaven away from Heaven / [[George Thengummoottil]] / PRD, [[Government of Kerala]]</ref> Predominantly it is classified as [[Malanad]] with an elevation ranging from {{cvt|3000|ft|m}} from the mean sea level.


==History==
==History==
[[File:പീരുമേട്, തേക്കടി, കോട്ടയം (1900).jpg|thumb|1900 photograph of Peerumedu (British library)]]
[[File:പീരുമേട്, തേക്കടി, കോട്ടയം (1900).jpg|thumb|left|145px|1900 photograph of Peerumedu (British library)]]
Peermade was once the summer retreat of the [[Maharaja]]s of [[Travancore]]. During those periods these regions were quite inaccessible, covered by dense forests and was inhabited by certain tribes like 'Malappandarams' and 'Malayarans'.  The archaeological excavations points out that there was an ancient [[Neolithic]] culture flourished in the high-ranges which wasn't written or recorded. But the findings of cultural remnants from the hill tracks near [[Kumily]] and [[Vandiperiyar]] provides some factual evidences of the existence of a rich culture.<ref name="Peermade">{{cite book|last1=George|first1=Thengummootil|title=Peermade|date=10 January 2014|publisher=[[George Thengummoottil]]|location=[[Kerala]]}}</ref>
Peermade was once the summer retreat of the [[Maharaja]]s of [[Travancore]]. During those periods these regions were quite inaccessible, covered by dense forests and was inhabited by certain tribes like 'Malappandarams' and 'Malayarans'.  The archaeological excavations points out that there was an ancient [[Neolithic]] culture flourished in the high-ranges which wasn't written or recorded. But the findings of cultural remnants from the hill tracks near [[Kumily]] and [[Vandiperiyar]] provides some factual evidences of the existence of a rich culture.<ref name="Peermade">{{cite book|last1=George|first1=Thengummootil|title=Peermade|date=10 January 2014|publisher=[[George Thengummoottil]]|location=[[Kerala]]}}</ref>


Peermade was the highest elevation on the mountain route that once connected the [[Travancore]] with [[Madurai]] in ancient [[Tamilakam]]. The mountain barriers created by the [[ghats]] separated these two regions.<ref name="Peermade" />{{Rp|2}}
Peermade was the highest elevation on the mountain route that once connected the [[Travancore]] with [[Madurai]] in ancient [[Tamilakam]]. The mountain barriers created by the [[ghats]] separated these two regions.<ref name="Peermade" />{{Rp|2}}
[[Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary]], one of the largest wildlife reserves in India, is {{convert|43|km}} away. It has herds of [[elephants]] and other wildlife as well as lakes.
[[Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary]], one of the largest wildlife reserves in India, is {{convert|43|km}} away. It has herds of [[elephants]] and other wildlife as well as lakes.
==Etymology==
The name is sometimes related to the [[Sufi]] saint, 'Peer Mohammed', as "hill of the Peer" (പീരുമേട്).<ref>http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230013835/http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ |date=30 December 2019 }} Story of Tea Plantation in Kerala / George Thengummoottil</ref>


==Spices==
==Spices==
The area is extremely fertile and until recently featured lush [[plantation]]s of [[coffee]], [[tea]], [[cardamon]], and [[coconut]].<ref>{{cite web
The area is extremely fertile and until recently featured lush [[plantation]]s of [[coffee]], [[tea]], [[cardamon]], and [[coconut]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mag/2003/09/28/stories/2003092800110100.htm
|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mag/2003/09/28/stories/2003092800110100.htm
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031208181105/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mag/2003/09/28/stories/2003092800110100.htm
|url-status=usurped
|archive-date=8 December 2003
|title= A bitter brew in the high ranges
|title= A bitter brew in the high ranges
|access-date=2006-09-20  
|access-date=2006-09-20  
Line 74: Line 98:
|url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/OPPORTUNITIES/GRANTS/DEVMARKETPLACE/0,,contentMDK:20836197~menuPK:224996~pagePK:180691~piPK:174492~theSitePK:205098,00.html
|url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/OPPORTUNITIES/GRANTS/DEVMARKETPLACE/0,,contentMDK:20836197~menuPK:224996~pagePK:180691~piPK:174492~theSitePK:205098,00.html
|title=Mapping India's spice route from past to present
|title=Mapping India's spice route from past to present
|access-date=2006-09-20  
|access-date=2006-09-20
|archive-date=11 March 2007
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311042823/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/OPPORTUNITIES/GRANTS/DEVMARKETPLACE/0,,contentMDK:20836197~menuPK:224996~pagePK:180691~piPK:174492~theSitePK:205098,00.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref>
}}</ref>


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==Education==
==Education==
Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology<ref>http://www.mbcpeermade.com Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology website</ref> and [[Marian College Kuttikkanam|Marian College]]<ref>http://www.mariancollege.org Marian College Kuttikanam</ref> are located at Kuttikanam in Peermade.
Marian College<ref>http://www.mariancollege.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229005033/http://www.mariancollege.org/ |date=29 December 2011 }} Marian College Kuttikanam Autonomous</ref> and Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology<ref>http://www.mbcpeermade.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207011909/http://www.mbcpeermade.com/ |date=7 February 2012 }} Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology website</ref> are located at Kuttikanam in Peermade.


==Politics==
==Politics==
Line 97: Line 124:
  |archive-date = 2009-03-04
  |archive-date = 2009-03-04
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
[[E.S. Bijimol|E S Bijimol]] is the current MLA of peermade.
[[Vazhoor Soman]] is the current MLA of peermade.
 
==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Pambanar.jpg|[[National Highway 183 (India)|National Highway 183]] through Pambanar community
File:Peermade-2006b (5).JPG|Azhutha community
File:Taluk Office-Peermade. Majistrate Court and Sub-Treasury are also functioned in this building..jpg|Tehsil Office
File:Taluk Office-Peermade. Majistrate Court and Sub-Treasury are also functioned in this building..jpg|Tehsil Office
File:Peermade-taluk.JPG|Estate Bungalow
File:Peermade-2006b (5).JPG|Peermade town
File:Peermade estates3.JPG|Monsoon stream flowing through a tea estate in Peermade
File:Peermade estates3.JPG|Monsoon stream flowing through a tea estate in Peermade
</gallery>
</gallery>
==See also==
==See also==
 
{{Portal|India}}
* [[Thodupuzha]]
* [[Thodupuzha]]
* [[Kattappana]]
* [[Erattupetta]]
* [[Erattupetta]]
* [[Palai]]
* [[Pala, Kerala|Pala]]
* [[Kumily]]
* [[Kumily]]
* [[Kuttikkanam]]
* [[Kuttikkanam]]
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* [[Kottayam]]
* [[Kottayam]]
* [[Vagamon]]
* [[Vagamon]]
* [[Peer Mohammed Dargah]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
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*{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/24/stories/2008062452940300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107071111/http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/24/stories/2008062452940300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-07 |title= Hartal total in Peerumade | date=2008-06-24  |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2008-07-20}}
*{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/24/stories/2008062452940300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107071111/http://www.hindu.com/2008/06/24/stories/2008062452940300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-11-07 |title= Hartal total in Peerumade | date=2008-06-24  |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=2008-07-20}}
*{{cite news|url=http://theindia.info/Peermade/ |title= History of Peermade |work=The India| date=2008-06-24  |access-date=2008-07-20}}
*{{cite news|url=http://theindia.info/Peermade/ |title= History of Peermade |work=The India| date=2008-06-24  |access-date=2008-07-20}}
*{{cite news|url=http://kuttikkanamcastle.com/ |title= Peermade resort |work=The India| date=2008-06-24 |access-date=2018-07-25}}
*{{cite news|url=http://kuttikkanamcastle.com/|title=Peermade resort|work=The India|date=2008-06-24|access-date=2018-07-25|archive-date=25 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725153402/http://kuttikkanamcastle.com/|url-status=dead}}


<br/>{{Central Travancore}}
<br/>{{Central Travancore}}

Latest revision as of 18:17, 16 March 2026

Peermade
Hill station
Tea plantation near Pambanar community. Taken from National Highway 183.
Tea plantation near Pambanar community.
Taken from National Highway 183.
Peermade is located in Kerala
Peermade
Peermade
Location in Kerala, India
Peermade is located in India
Peermade
Peermade
Peermade (India)
Coordinates: 9°34′40″N 77°1′15″E / 9.57778°N 77.02083°E / 9.57778; 77.02083
Country India
StateKerala
DistrictIdukki
Government
 • TypePanchayati raj (India)
 • BodyPeermade Grama Panchayat
Area
 • Total52.34 km2 (20.21 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total22,213
 • Density420/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialMalayalam, English[1]
 • RegionalMalayalam, Tamil[2]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
685531
Area code04869
Vehicle registrationKL-37
Website[1]

Peermade, also spelt Peerumedu is a village, Grama Panchayat and hill station in the state of Kerala, in southwestern India.[3] It lies 915 metres (3,002 ft) above sea level in the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) about 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Kottayam on the way to Kumily.

Etymology[edit | edit source]

The name is sometimes related to the Sufi saint, 'Peer Mohammed', as "hill of the Peer" (പീരുമേട്).[4] The name Peerumedu is derived from the fact that Pirmuhammed Waliullah, a prominent Siddha and Sufi monk of Tamil Nadu, chose the mountain for meditation for a long time. Siddhan, spiritual guru and famous Sufi poet of Tamil known as Rumi of South India Peeru Muhammad Sahib is resting at Takkala in Kanyakumari district. Takkala and Peerumed are pilgrimage centers.

There is also a local saying that the name "Peerumedu" has come from the large number of "Pera trees" ie. Guava trees that existed way back, Which inturn came to be called as "Peramedu" and now famously known as Peerumedu.

Demographics[edit | edit source]

Languages of Peermade taluk (2011)

  Malayalam (65.35%)
  Tamil (34.34%)
  Others (0.31%)

As of 2011 Census, Peerumade had a population of 22,213 with 11,049 males and 11,164 females. Peerumade village has an area of 52.34 km2 (20.21 sq mi) with 5,617 families residing in it. The average sex ratio was 1010 lower than the state average of 1084. In Peerumade, 8.8% of the population was under 6 years of age. Peerumade had an average literacy of 89.1% lower than the state average of 94%; male literacy was 93.9% and female literacy was 84.5%.[5]

Geography[edit | edit source]

The landscape of Peermade includes spectacular waterfalls, open grass lands and pine forests.[6] Predominantly it is classified as Malanad with an elevation ranging from 3,000 ft (910 m) from the mean sea level.

History[edit | edit source]

1900 photograph of Peerumedu (British library)

Peermade was once the summer retreat of the Maharajas of Travancore. During those periods these regions were quite inaccessible, covered by dense forests and was inhabited by certain tribes like 'Malappandarams' and 'Malayarans'. The archaeological excavations points out that there was an ancient Neolithic culture flourished in the high-ranges which wasn't written or recorded. But the findings of cultural remnants from the hill tracks near Kumily and Vandiperiyar provides some factual evidences of the existence of a rich culture.[7]

Peermade was the highest elevation on the mountain route that once connected the Travancore with Madurai in ancient Tamilakam. The mountain barriers created by the ghats separated these two regions.[7]:2 Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, one of the largest wildlife reserves in India, is 43 kilometres (27 mi) away. It has herds of elephants and other wildlife as well as lakes.

Spices[edit | edit source]

The area is extremely fertile and until recently featured lush plantations of coffee, tea, cardamon, and coconut.[8] With a long history of spice growing, the focus is now on the production of organic black pepper, white pepper, ginger and turmeric.[9]

At a 2006 show, spice growers from Peermade displayed samples of organically grown spices including cardamom, black pepper, white pepper, nutmeg, mace, cloves, turmeric, ginger, vanilla beans, vanilla powder and herbs such as oregano, sage, thyme and rosemary. Oils of thyme and rosemary were also displayed.[10]

Education[edit | edit source]

Marian College[11] and Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology[12] are located at Kuttikanam in Peermade.

Politics[edit | edit source]

Peermade assembly constituency is part of Idukki (Lok Sabha constituency).[13] Vazhoor Soman is the current MLA of peermade.

Gallery[edit | edit source]

  • National Highway 183 through Pambanar community
    National Highway 183 through Pambanar community
  • Azhutha community
    Azhutha community
  • Tehsil Office
    Tehsil Office
  • Monsoon stream flowing through a tea estate in Peermade
    Monsoon stream flowing through a tea estate in Peermade

See also[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ "The Kerala Official Language (Legislation) Act, 1969" (PDF). Archived from the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  2. ↑ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Kerala". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  3. ↑ "Peermade village". Government of Kerala, Revenue Department. Archived from the original on 20 May 2025. Retrieved 20 May 2025.
  4. ↑ http://www.theindia.info/peermade/ Archived 30 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine Story of Tea Plantation in Kerala / George Thengummoottil
  5. ↑ Kerala, Directorate of Census Operations. District Census Handbook, Idukki (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala. p. 70,71. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  6. ↑ http://old.kerala.gov.in/kercaljan06/p38-41.pdf Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine A Heaven away from Heaven / George Thengummoottil / PRD, Government of Kerala
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 George, Thengummootil (10 January 2014). Peermade. Kerala: George Thengummoottil.
  8. ↑ "A bitter brew in the high ranges". Archived from the original on 8 December 2003. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  9. ↑ "Mapping India's spice route from past to present". Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  10. ↑ "Organic Show - Peermede Development Board's stand". Archived from the original on 15 October 2006. Retrieved 20 September 2006.
  11. ↑ http://www.mariancollege.org Archived 29 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine Marian College Kuttikanam Autonomous
  12. ↑ http://www.mbcpeermade.com Archived 7 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine Mar Baselios Christian College of Engineering and Technology website
  13. ↑ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies" (PDF). Kerala. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 20 October 2008.

Books[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]


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