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{{Infobox deity | {{Infobox deity | ||
|name=Lainaotabi | | type = Meitei | ||
|other_names=Leima Leinaotabi | | name = Lainaotabi <br /> ({{lang-omp|Lainaotapi}}) | ||
| | | deity_of = Goddess of charm, magic, sorcery, spell, weaving and witchcraft | ||
|affiliation= [[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) | | member_of = [[Lairembi]]s | ||
|texts=[[Poireiton Khunthok]] | | image = LAINAOTAPI.jpg | ||
| | | alt = <!-- for alternate text of the title image per [[WP:ALT]] --> | ||
| | | caption = "Lainaotapi", the [[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]] ([[Old Manipuri language|Old Manipuri]]) name of the goddess, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida | ||
| | | other_names = | ||
* Leima Leinaotabi | |||
* Leima Lainautabi | |||
* Leima Leinautabi | |||
| hiro = | |||
| Old_Norse = | |||
| script_name = | |||
| script = | |||
| affiliation = [[Meitei mythology]] ([[Manipuri mythology]]) and [[Meitei religion]] ([[Sanamahism]]) | |||
| cult_center = <!-- or | cult_centre = --> | |||
| abode = <!-- or | abodes = --> | |||
| planet = <!-- or | world = --> | |||
| weapon = <!-- or | weapons = --> | |||
| battles = | |||
| artifacts = <!-- or | artefacts = --> | |||
| animals = | |||
| symbol = <!-- or | symbols = --> | |||
| adherents = | |||
| height = | |||
| age = | |||
| tree = | |||
| day = | |||
| color = <!-- or | colour = --> | |||
| number = | |||
| consorts = | |||
* [[Thongalel]] | |||
* [[Poireiton]] | |||
* [[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]] | |||
| parents = | |||
| siblings = | |||
| offspring = <!-- or | children = --> | |||
| predecessor = | |||
| successor = | |||
| army = | |||
| mount = | |||
| texts = | |||
* [[Poireiton Khunthok]] | |||
* [[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]] | |||
| gender = Female | |||
| Greek_equivalent = [[Hecate]] | |||
| Roman_equivalent = | |||
| Etruscan_equivalent = | |||
| Christian_equivalent = | |||
| Slavic_equivalent = | |||
| Hinduism_equivalent = | |||
| Canaanite_equivalent = | |||
| equivalent1_type = | |||
| equivalent1 = | |||
| equivalent2_type = | |||
| equivalent2 = | |||
| region = [[Ancient Kangleipak]] ([[Antique Manipur]]) | |||
| ethnic_group = [[Meitei ethnicity]] | |||
| festivals = [[Lai Haraoba]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
''' | {{Infobox Sanamahist term | ||
She | | title = Lainaotabi / Leinaotabi | ||
>https://books.google. | | en = Lainaotabi / Leinaotabi | ||
| omp = ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯄꯤ / ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯄꯤ | |||
| omp-Latn = lai-nau-taa-pee | |||
| mni = ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯕꯤ / ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯕꯤ | |||
| mni-Latn = lai-nau-taa-bee | |||
| as = লৈনাওতাবী | |||
| as-Latn = lei-nao-taa-bee | |||
| bn = লৈনাওতাবী | |||
| bn-Latn = lei-nao-taa-bee | |||
| my = | |||
| my-Latn = | |||
| hi = लैनाउताबी | |||
| hi-Latn = lei-nau-taa-bee | |||
}} | |||
{{Meitei mythology}} | |||
{{Sanamahism}} | |||
'''Lainaotabi''' ({{lang-omp|Lainaotapi}}) or '''Leinaotabi''' ({{lang-omp|Leinaotapi}}) is a goddess in ancient [[Meitei mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]]. She is the youngest wife of God [[Thongalel]] of the [[hell|underworld kingdom]] ({{lang-mni|Khamnung}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9t47AAAAIAAJ&q=leinaotabi|title=The North Eastern Geographer|date=1980|publisher=North East India Geographical Society|language=en}}</ref> Thongalel sent her to be the wife of [[Poireiton]], her brother-in-law. Lainaotabi gave birth to a son with Poireiton.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ&q=leinaotabi|title=Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais|last=Tensuba|first=Keerti Chand|date=1993|publisher=Inter-India Publications|isbn=978-81-210-0308-7|language=en}}</ref><ref>Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology. Sahitya Akademi. 1997.</ref><ref>Moirangthem Kirti (1988). Religion and Culture of Manipur. Manas Publications. ISBN 978-81-7049-021-0.</ref> | |||
Her legend says she made the first [[pottery|clay pot]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=142HAwAAQBAJ&dq=leinaotabi&pg=PA515|title=Women of India: Colonial and Post-colonial Periods|last=Ray|first=Bharati|date=2005-09-15|publisher=SAGE Publications India|isbn=978-81-321-0264-9|language=en}}</ref> | |||
She was worshipped by the people of Ashangbam clan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vO-vtI8NuxIC&dq=lainaotabi&pg=PA4|title=Manipur: Treatise & Documents|last=Sanajaoba|first=Naorem|date=1993|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-399-5|language=en}}</ref> | |||
== Mythology == | |||
=== Journey from Underworld to human world === | |||
Lainaotabi was the youngest queen of King [[Thongaren]] ({{lang-omp|[[Thongalen]]}}) of the [[Hell|underworld kingdom]] ({{lang-mni|Khamnung}}). Queen Laikhurembi was the first wife of the King. [[Poireiton]], Thongalel's younger brother, was about to leave on a journey to ''[[Ancient Kangleipak|Tai Pang Pan]]''. The king asked Laikhurembi to go with [[Poireiton]] as his wife because Poireiton's own wife had died.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276/page/n245/mode/2up?|title=The History Of Manipur|last=Singh|first=Wahengbam Ibohal|pages=245}}</ref> However, Laikhurembi did not want to go. Trees had already been planted to honor her as the King's wife. So, instead of Laikhurembi, Lainaotabi was sent to accompany her brother in law Poireiton as a wife.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276/page/n246/mode/2up?|title=The History Of Manipur|last=Singh|first=Wahengbam Ibohal|pages=246}}</ref> | |||
=== Love with a mortal prince === | |||
{{Main|Nongban Pombi Luwaoba}} | |||
Lainaotabi (Leinaotabi) went with [[Poireiton]], her brother-in-law, on a journey to earth. Later, she became separated from him. She was adopted by King [[Koubru]] as his daughter. Afterwards, she came to be known as ''Koubarol Namoinu'' ({{lang-omp|Koupalol Namoinu}}) alias ''Koubru Namoinu'' ({{lang-omp|Koupalu Namoinu}}).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9t47AAAAIAAJ&q=leinaotabi|title=The North Eastern Geographer|date=1980|publisher=North East India Geographical Society|language=en}}</ref> She fell in love with prince ''Nongban Pombi Luwaoba'' of [[Luwang]] dynasty. She met the prince for the first time when he visited King [[Koubru]]. She and prince Luwaoba married and led a happy life. God Thongalel did not want his own wife spending her days with another man. So, the thread of her life was cut short and her soul recalled. However, the Prince did not give up. He challenged God Thongalel to give back his wife's soul or to fight with him.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xf_2DwAAQBAJ&dq=thongarel&pg=PA7|title=AKASHVANI: Vol. XXXIII, No.12 ( 17 MARCH, 1968 )|last=Delhi|first=All India Radio (AIR), New|date=1968-03-17|publisher=All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi|language=en}}</ref><ref name="The Cultural Heritage of Manipur">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhUHEAAAQBAJ&dq=pombi+luwaoba&pg=PA183|title=The Cultural Heritage of Manipur|last1=Meitei|first1=Sanjenbam Yaiphaba|last2=Chaudhuri|first2=Sarit K.|last3=Arunkumar|first3=M. C.|date=2020-11-25|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-000-29629-7|language=en}}</ref> He guarded the dead body of Koubru Namoinu without performing the funeral ceremony. Thongalel first sent his two younger brothers one by one for the fight. Prince Nongban Pombi Luwaoba defeated his two divine opponents. Finally, Thongalel himself appeared before him. But this time, the prince realised that he was no match for powerful God. So, he begged mercy and kindness to restore Koubru Namoinu's life so that the [[Luwang]] dynasty might have further generation. Thongalel felt pity on him. So, he granted the couple to live for another hundred years with marital pleasure. According to legends, [[:simple:Luwang Ningthou Punshiba|Hongnem Luwang Punshiba]] was the son of Koubru Namoinu (Lainaotabi) and Nongban Pombi Luwaoba.<ref name="The Cultural Heritage of Manipur"/><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xf_2DwAAQBAJ&dq=thongarel&pg=PA7|title=AKASHVANI: Vol. XXXIII, No.12 ( 17 MARCH, 1968 )|last=Delhi|first=All India Radio (AIR), New|date=1968-03-17|publisher=All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi|language=en}}</ref> | |||
== Pantheon and worship == | |||
The pantheon dedicated to goddess Lainaotabi (Leinaotabi) was mainly maintained by the Ashangbam clan of [[Meitei ethnicity]] in [[Ancient Kangleipak]] ([[Antique Manipur]]). It was recorded in the [[Loyumba Shinyen]] (1100 AD).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vO-vtI8NuxIC&dq=lainaotabi&pg=PA4|title=Manipur: Treatise & Documents|last=Sanajaoba|first=Naorem|date=1993|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-399-5|language=en}}</ref> | |||
==See also== | == See also == | ||
[[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]] | * [[Nongban Pombi Luwaoba]] | ||
==References== | == References == | ||
{{Commons}} | |||
{{Wiktionary|Lainaotabi}} | |||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
{{Sanamahi1}} | |||
[[Category:Abundance deities]] | |||
[[Category:Abundance goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Arts deities]] | |||
[[Category:Arts goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Beauty deities]] | |||
[[Category:Beauty goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Chthonic beings]] | |||
[[Category:Crafts deities]] | |||
[[Category:Crafts goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Fertility deities]] | |||
[[Category:Fertility goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Fortune deities]] | |||
[[Category:Fortune goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Leima]] | |||
[[Category:Love and lust deities]] | |||
[[Category:Love and lust goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Magic deities]] | |||
[[Category:Magic goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Maintenance deities]] | |||
[[Category:Maintenance goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Marriage deities]] | |||
[[Category:Marriage goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]] | [[Category:Meitei gods and goddesses]] | ||
[[Category:Names of God in Sanamahism]] | |||
[[Category:Oracular deities]] | |||
[[Category:Oracular goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Peace deities]] | |||
[[Category:Peace goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Underworld deities]] | |||
[[Category:Underworld goddesses]] | |||
[[Category:Witchcraft in folklore and mythology]] | |||
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| Lainaotabi (Old Manipuri: Lainaotapi) | |
|---|---|
Goddess of charm, magic, sorcery, spell, weaving and witchcraft | |
| Member of Lairembis | |
 "Lainaotapi", the Ancient Meitei (Old Manipuri) name of the goddess, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida | |
| Other names |
|
| Affiliation | Meitei mythology (Manipuri mythology) and Meitei religion (Sanamahism) |
| Texts | |
| Gender | Female |
| Region | Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur) |
| Ethnic group | Meitei ethnicity |
| Festivals | Lai Haraoba |
| Consorts | |
| Greek equivalent | Hecate |
Template:Infobox Sanamahist term
| Part of a series on |
| Meitei mythology |
|---|
 |
Template:Sanamahism Lainaotabi (Old Manipuri: Lainaotapi) or Leinaotabi (Old Manipuri: Leinaotapi) is a goddess in ancient Meitei mythology and religion. She is the youngest wife of God Thongalel of the underworld kingdom (Meitei: Khamnung).[1] Thongalel sent her to be the wife of Poireiton, her brother-in-law. Lainaotabi gave birth to a son with Poireiton.[2][3][4] Her legend says she made the first clay pot.[5] She was worshipped by the people of Ashangbam clan.[6]
Mythology[edit | edit source]
Journey from Underworld to human world[edit | edit source]
Lainaotabi was the youngest queen of King Thongaren (Old Manipuri: Thongalen) of the underworld kingdom (Meitei: Khamnung). Queen Laikhurembi was the first wife of the King. Poireiton, Thongalel's younger brother, was about to leave on a journey to Tai Pang Pan. The king asked Laikhurembi to go with Poireiton as his wife because Poireiton's own wife had died.[7] However, Laikhurembi did not want to go. Trees had already been planted to honor her as the King's wife. So, instead of Laikhurembi, Lainaotabi was sent to accompany her brother in law Poireiton as a wife.[8]
Love with a mortal prince[edit | edit source]
Lainaotabi (Leinaotabi) went with Poireiton, her brother-in-law, on a journey to earth. Later, she became separated from him. She was adopted by King Koubru as his daughter. Afterwards, she came to be known as Koubarol Namoinu (Old Manipuri: Koupalol Namoinu) alias Koubru Namoinu (Old Manipuri: Koupalu Namoinu).[9] She fell in love with prince Nongban Pombi Luwaoba of Luwang dynasty. She met the prince for the first time when he visited King Koubru. She and prince Luwaoba married and led a happy life. God Thongalel did not want his own wife spending her days with another man. So, the thread of her life was cut short and her soul recalled. However, the Prince did not give up. He challenged God Thongalel to give back his wife's soul or to fight with him.[10][11] He guarded the dead body of Koubru Namoinu without performing the funeral ceremony. Thongalel first sent his two younger brothers one by one for the fight. Prince Nongban Pombi Luwaoba defeated his two divine opponents. Finally, Thongalel himself appeared before him. But this time, the prince realised that he was no match for powerful God. So, he begged mercy and kindness to restore Koubru Namoinu's life so that the Luwang dynasty might have further generation. Thongalel felt pity on him. So, he granted the couple to live for another hundred years with marital pleasure. According to legends, Hongnem Luwang Punshiba was the son of Koubru Namoinu (Lainaotabi) and Nongban Pombi Luwaoba.[11][12]
Pantheon and worship[edit | edit source]
The pantheon dedicated to goddess Lainaotabi (Leinaotabi) was mainly maintained by the Ashangbam clan of Meitei ethnicity in Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). It was recorded in the Loyumba Shinyen (1100 AD).[13]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ The North Eastern Geographer. North East India Geographical Society. 1980.
- ↑ Tensuba, Keerti Chand (1993). Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais. Inter-India Publications. ISBN 978-81-210-0308-7.
- ↑ Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology. Sahitya Akademi. 1997.
- ↑ Moirangthem Kirti (1988). Religion and Culture of Manipur. Manas Publications. ISBN 978-81-7049-021-0.
- ↑ Ray, Bharati (2005-09-15). Women of India: Colonial and Post-colonial Periods. SAGE Publications India. ISBN 978-81-321-0264-9.
- ↑ Sanajaoba, Naorem (1993). Manipur: Treatise & Documents. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-399-5.
- ↑ Singh, Wahengbam Ibohal. The History Of Manipur. p. 245.
- ↑ Singh, Wahengbam Ibohal. The History Of Manipur. p. 246.
- ↑ The North Eastern Geographer. North East India Geographical Society. 1980.
- ↑ Delhi, All India Radio (AIR), New (1968-03-17). AKASHVANI: Vol. XXXIII, No.12 ( 17 MARCH, 1968 ). All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 11.0 11.1 Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (2020-11-25). The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-29629-7.
- ↑ Delhi, All India Radio (AIR), New (1968-03-17). AKASHVANI: Vol. XXXIII, No.12 ( 17 MARCH, 1968 ). All India Radio (AIR),New Delhi.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Sanajaoba, Naorem (1993). Manipur: Treatise & Documents. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-399-5.