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'''Khem Karan''' is a town and a [[nagar panchayat]] in [[Tarn Taran district]] of [[Patti, Punjab|Patti]] [[tehsil]] of the [[Majha]] region of Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]]. It was the site of a major [[tank]] battle in 1965.<ref>{{cite book|title=Societies and Military Power: India and Its Armies|author=Stephen Peter Rosen|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=0-8014-3210-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/societiesmilitar00rose/page/246 246]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/societiesmilitar00rose/page/246}}</ref> | <!-- See [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details -->{{Infobox settlement | ||
| name = Khem Karan | |||
| native_name = | |||
| native_name_lang = | |||
| other_name = | |||
| nickname = | |||
| settlement_type = [[Town]] | |||
| image_skyline = | |||
| image_alt = | |||
| image_caption = | |||
| pushpin_map = India Punjab | |||
| pushpin_label_position = | |||
| pushpin_map_alt = | |||
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|31.16|N|74.66|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| subdivision_type = Country | |||
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | |||
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | |||
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] | |||
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | |||
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tarn Taran district|Tarn Taran]] | |||
| subdivision_type3 = Region of Punjab | |||
| subdivision_name3 = [[Majha]] | |||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| established_date = | |||
| founder = | |||
| named_for = | |||
| government_type = | |||
| governing_body = | |||
| unit_pref = Metric | |||
| area_footnotes = | |||
| area_rank = | |||
| area_total_km2 = | |||
| elevation_footnotes = | |||
| elevation_m = | |||
| population_total = 13446 | |||
| population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| population_rank = | |||
| population_density_km2 = auto | |||
| population_demonym = | |||
| population_footnotes = | |||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] | |||
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | |||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| postal_code_type = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --> | |||
| postal_code = 143419 | |||
| registration_plate = | |||
| website = | |||
| footnotes = | |||
}} | |||
'''Khem Karan''' is a [[town]] and a [[nagar panchayat]], just 56km from [[Tarn Taran Sahib]] in [[Tarn Taran district]] of [[Patti, Punjab|Patti]] [[tehsil]] of the [[Majha]] region of Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]]. It was the site of a major [[tank]] battle in 1965.<ref>{{cite book|title=Societies and Military Power: India and Its Armies|author=Stephen Peter Rosen|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=0-8014-3210-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/societiesmilitar00rose/page/246 246]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/societiesmilitar00rose/page/246}}</ref> | |||
The [[Battle of Asal Uttar]] was the second largest tank battle of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 Indo-Pakistani War]]. The battle led to the creation of Patton Nagar (or Patton City/Graveyard) at the site of the battle viz, Khem Karan. | The [[Battle of Asal Uttar]] was the second largest tank battle of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 Indo-Pakistani War]]. The battle led to the creation of Patton Nagar (or Patton City/Graveyard) at the site of the battle viz, Khem Karan. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Khem Karan is an old town | Khem Karan is an old town, once visited by Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–1675). Previously in Lahore District before the [[partition of British India]] in 1947, it became a part of Amritsar District afterwards. Now it is in Tarn Taran district. Many of the town's residents migrated from nearby villages in modern [[Pakistan]] between 1947 and 1965, such as Nathuwala, Qadiwind, Rohiwal, and Sehjra. The town's Muslim residents migrated primarily to the city of [[Kasur]], 8 km away in Pakistan. | ||
The town used to be easily accessible to the city of [[Kasur]], [[Pakistan]] only 8 km away, and to [[Ferozepur]] 35 km away, but since India and Pakistan enacted border controls in 1953, and further restricted travel in 1965, the residents of the Khem Karan have been essentially cut off from both towns - Kasur lies in Pakistan, while the road to Ferozepur | The town used to be easily accessible to the city of [[Kasur]], [[Pakistan]] only 8 km away, and to [[Ferozepur]] 35 km away, but since India and Pakistan enacted border controls in 1953, and further restricted travel in 1965, the residents of the Khem Karan have been essentially cut off from both towns - Kasur lies in Pakistan, while the road to Ferozepur cuts through Pakistan, resulting in a detour of an extra 70 kilometre's drive. The townspeople, and those from surrounding villages, must now travel a long distance to [[Patti, Punjab|Patti]], [[Amritsar]] or [[Tarn Taran Sahib|Tarn Taran]] to procure any major goods, causing great inconvenience and economic stagnation. | ||
==India-Pakistan war of 1965== | ===India-Pakistan war of 1965=== | ||
The tank battles of 1965 form part of military history as the most intense armored battles between the end of World War II and the 1991 Gulf War. Close to a four hundred tanks, on both sides, took part in the pitched battles and offensives. At the start of the war, Indian strength was limited to one armored division and one independent armoured brigade, along with six armoured regiments supporting infantry divisions. Pakistan had two armored divisions, with the then very modern M-48 Patton tanks. India had an equivalent tank in the Centurion, but their strength was limited to only four armored regiments.<ref name="Chapter 1 official history">{{cite web|last=Rakshak|first=Bharat|title=Page 15|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|website=Official History|publisher=Times of India|access-date=14 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609073650/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|archive-date=9 June | The tank battles of 1965 form part of military history as the most intense armored battles between the end of World War II and the 1991 Gulf War. Close to a four hundred tanks, on both sides, took part in the pitched battles and offensives. At the start of the war, Indian strength was limited to one armored division and one independent armoured brigade, along with six armoured regiments supporting infantry divisions. Pakistan had two armored divisions, with the then very modern M-48 Patton tanks. India had an equivalent tank in the Centurion, but their strength was limited to only four armored regiments.<ref name="Chapter 1 official history">{{cite web|last=Rakshak|first=Bharat|title=Page 15|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|website=Official History|publisher=Times of India|access-date=14 July 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609073650/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/LAND-FORCES/Army/History/1965War/PDF/1965Chapter01.pdf|archive-date=9 June 2022}}</ref> | ||
==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
{{As of| | {{As of|2022}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2013-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Khem Karan had a population of 13,446. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Khem Karan has an average literacy rate of 61.55%, lower than the state average of 75.84%: male literacy is 67%, and female literacy is 54.85%. In Khem Karan, 12.14% of the population is under 6 years of age. | ||
==Politics== | |||
== | The city is part of the [[Khemkaran South Assembly Constituency]]. | ||
==Tourism== | |||
In this village is the mausoleum (mazaar) of a [[Sufi]] saint known as Pir Baba Sheikh Brahm. Twice in a year a mela is held here. | In this village is the mausoleum (mazaar) of a [[Sufi]] saint known as Pir Baba Sheikh Brahm. Twice in a year a mela is held here. | ||
== Agriculture == | |||
Khemkaran is mostly an agricultural village. | Khemkaran is mostly an agricultural village. | ||
Latest revision as of 23:13, 19 December 2022
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Khem Karan is a town and a nagar panchayat, just 56km from Tarn Taran Sahib in Tarn Taran district of Patti tehsil of the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab. It was the site of a major tank battle in 1965.[1]
Khem Karan | |
|---|---|
  Khem Karan Location in Punjab, India | |
| Coordinates: 31°10′N 74°40′E / 31.16°N 74.66°ECoordinates: 31°10′N 74°40′E / 31.16°N 74.66°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Punjab |
| District | Tarn Taran |
| Region of Punjab | Majha |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 13,446 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Punjabi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
The Battle of Asal Uttar was the second largest tank battle of the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War. The battle led to the creation of Patton Nagar (or Patton City/Graveyard) at the site of the battle viz, Khem Karan.
HistoryEdit
Khem Karan is an old town, once visited by Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–1675). Previously in Lahore District before the partition of British India in 1947, it became a part of Amritsar District afterwards. Now it is in Tarn Taran district. Many of the town's residents migrated from nearby villages in modern Pakistan between 1947 and 1965, such as Nathuwala, Qadiwind, Rohiwal, and Sehjra. The town's Muslim residents migrated primarily to the city of Kasur, 8 km away in Pakistan.
The town used to be easily accessible to the city of Kasur, Pakistan only 8 km away, and to Ferozepur 35 km away, but since India and Pakistan enacted border controls in 1953, and further restricted travel in 1965, the residents of the Khem Karan have been essentially cut off from both towns - Kasur lies in Pakistan, while the road to Ferozepur cuts through Pakistan, resulting in a detour of an extra 70 kilometre's drive. The townspeople, and those from surrounding villages, must now travel a long distance to Patti, Amritsar or Tarn Taran to procure any major goods, causing great inconvenience and economic stagnation.
India-Pakistan war of 1965Edit
The tank battles of 1965 form part of military history as the most intense armored battles between the end of World War II and the 1991 Gulf War. Close to a four hundred tanks, on both sides, took part in the pitched battles and offensives. At the start of the war, Indian strength was limited to one armored division and one independent armoured brigade, along with six armoured regiments supporting infantry divisions. Pakistan had two armored divisions, with the then very modern M-48 Patton tanks. India had an equivalent tank in the Centurion, but their strength was limited to only four armored regiments.[2]
DemographicsEdit
As of 2022[update] India census,[3] Khem Karan had a population of 13,446. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Khem Karan has an average literacy rate of 61.55%, lower than the state average of 75.84%: male literacy is 67%, and female literacy is 54.85%. In Khem Karan, 12.14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
PoliticsEdit
The city is part of the Khemkaran South Assembly Constituency.
TourismEdit
In this village is the mausoleum (mazaar) of a Sufi saint known as Pir Baba Sheikh Brahm. Twice in a year a mela is held here.
AgricultureEdit
Khemkaran is mostly an agricultural village.
Notable peopleEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ Stephen Peter Rosen. Societies and Military Power: India and Its Armies. Cornell University Press. p. 246. ISBN 0-8014-3210-3.
- ↑ Rakshak, Bharat. "Page 15" (PDF). Official History. Times of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 June 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=/|archive-url=timestamp mismatch (help) - ↑ "Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2013.