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{{short description|Indian academic and critic}}
{{Short description|Indian academic and critic (1926–2012)}}
{{Infobox writer
{{Infobox writer
| name        = Sukumar Azhikode
| name        = Sukumar Azhikode
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| death_place  = [[Thrissur]], Kerala, India
| death_place  = [[Thrissur]], Kerala, India
| occupation  = {{ublist|Writer|social critic|orator|academic}}
| occupation  = {{ublist|Writer|social critic|orator|academic}}
| nationality  = Indian
| citizenship  =
| alma_mater  =
| alma_mater  =
| period      =
| period      =
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== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Sukumar Azhikode, was born on May 12, 1926 at [[Azhikode and Azhikkal|Azhikode]], a coastal village in [[Kannur district]] of the south Indian state of [[Kerala]] to Vidwan Panankavil Damodharan, a teacher, and his wife, Koloth Thattarathu Madhaviyamma, as the fourth of their six children.<ref name="Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam">{{Cite book |title=Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam |last=1926-2012. |first=Sukumār Azhikode |date=2012 |publisher=DC Books |isbn=9788126436699 |location=Kottayam |oclc=829071738}}</ref> His early schooling was at Azhikode South Elementary School and he passed intermediate examination from Rajas High School [[Chirakkal, Kannur|Chirakkal]] in 1941 before studying [[ayurveda]] at Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Patasala for one year. Subsequently, he joined [[St. Aloysius College (Mangalore)|St. Aloysius College, Mangalore]] from where he graduated in commerce in 1943. He started his career as a clerk at the Kannur branch of [[Indian Overseas Bank]] but soon quit the job to pursue a teaching career for which he completed the teachers' training course from Government College of Teacher Education, [[Kozhikode]] (GCTE) and joined his alma mater, Rajas High School, Chirakkal, as a teacher in 1948.<ref name="Dr Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Doolnews">{{Cite web |url=http://english.doolnews.com/dr-sukumar-azhikode-passed-away-10722.html |title=Dr Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Doolnews |date=January 24, 2012 |website=english.doolnews.com |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> While serving as a teacher, he continued his studies through distance education and earned master's degrees in [[Sanskrit]] and [[Malayalam]] languages. He followed it up with a bachelor's degree in education from GCTE in 1952. During the next three and a half decades, he worked at various institutions, starting with [[St. Joseph's College, Devagiri]] and [[St. Aloysius College (Mangalore)|St. Aloysius College, Mangalore]] as a lecturer, as the principal at SNM Training College, [[Moothakunnam]], before joining the [[University of Calicut]] as the founder head and professor of the department of Malayalam.<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India">{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Sukumar-Azhikode-A-great-voice-is-stilled/articleshow/11611797.cms |title=Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India |date=January 24, 2012 |website=The Times of India |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> In between, he secured a PhD in Malayalam literature in 1981, for his thesis, ''Western Influence in Malayalam Literary Criticism''. Leter, he served as the pro vice chancellor and acting vice chancellor of the university.<ref name="Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam" />
Sukumar Azhikode, was born on May 12, 1926, at [[Azhikode and Azhikkal|Azhikode]], a coastal village in [[Kannur district]] of the south Indian state of [[Kerala]] to Vidwan Panankavil Damodharan, a teacher, and his wife, Koloth Thattarathu Madhaviyamma, as the fourth of their six children.<ref name="Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam">{{Cite book |title=Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam |author=Sukumār Azhikode |date=2012 |publisher=DC Books |isbn=9788126436699 |location=Kottayam |oclc=829071738}}</ref> His early schooling was at Azhikode South Elementary School and he passed intermediate examination from Rajas High School [[Chirakkal, Kannur|Chirakkal]] in 1941 before studying [[ayurveda]] at Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Patasala for one year. Subsequently, he joined [[St. Aloysius College (Mangalore)|St. Aloysius College, Mangalore]] from where he graduated in commerce in 1943. He started his career as a clerk at the Kannur branch of [[Indian Overseas Bank]] but soon quit the job to pursue a teaching career for which he completed the teachers' training course from Government College of Teacher Education, [[Kozhikode]] (GCTE) and joined his alma mater, Rajas High School, Chirakkal, as a teacher in 1948.<ref name="Dr Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Doolnews">{{Cite web |url=http://english.doolnews.com/dr-sukumar-azhikode-passed-away-10722.html |title=Dr Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Doolnews |date=January 24, 2012 |website=english.doolnews.com |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> While serving as a teacher, he continued his studies through distance education and earned master's degrees in [[Sanskrit]] and [[Malayalam]] languages. He followed it up with a bachelor's degree in education from GCTE in 1952. During the next three and a half decades, he worked at various institutions, starting with [[St. Joseph's College, Devagiri]] and [[St. Aloysius College (Mangalore)|St. Aloysius College, Mangalore]] as a lecturer, as the principal at SNM Training College, [[Moothakunnam]], before joining the [[University of Calicut]] as the founder head and professor of the department of Malayalam.<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India">{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Sukumar-Azhikode-A-great-voice-is-stilled/articleshow/11611797.cms |title=Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India |date=January 24, 2012 |website=The Times of India |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> In between, he secured a PhD in Malayalam literature in 1981, for his thesis, ''Western Influence in Malayalam Literary Criticism''. Later, he served as the pro vice chancellor and acting vice chancellor of the university.<ref name="Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam" />


Sukumar Azhikode lived a bachelor throughout his life; his relationship with Vilasini teacher, to whom he had proposed, did not result in a marriage.<ref name="അഴീക്കോട് അപകീര്‍ത്തിപ്പെടുത്തി:വിലാസിനി ടീച്ചര്‍">{{Cite web |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2011/08/24/kerala-vilasini-sends-legal-notice-to-ahikode-aid0031.html |title=അഴീക്കോട് അപകീര്‍ത്തിപ്പെടുത്തി:വിലാസിനി ടീച്ചര്‍ |last=Lakshmi |date=2011-08-24 |website=malayalam.oneindia.com |language=ml |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He lived in [[Eravimangalam]] near [[Thrissur]], towards the later part of his life and died on 24 January 24, 2012, at [[Amala Institute of Medical Sciences]].<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://article.wn.com/view/2012/01/24/Sukumar_Azhikode_passes_away/ |title=Sukumar Azhikode passes away |website=article.wn.com |language=en |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He was 85 years old and was suffering from bone cancer for which he had been hospitalized since 7 December 2011.<ref name="Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Times of India">{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Renowned-Kerala-writer-Sukumar-Azhikode-passes-away/articleshow/11611159.cms |title=Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Times of India |website=The Times of India |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India" />
Sukumar Azhikode lived a bachelor throughout his life; his relationship with Vilasini teacher, to whom he had proposed, did not result in a marriage.<ref name="അഴീക്കോട് അപകീര്‍ത്തിപ്പെടുത്തി:വിലാസിനി ടീച്ചര്‍">{{Cite web |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2011/08/24/kerala-vilasini-sends-legal-notice-to-ahikode-aid0031.html |title=അഴീക്കോട് അപകീര്‍ത്തിപ്പെടുത്തി:വിലാസിനി ടീച്ചര്‍ |last=Lakshmi |date=2011-08-24 |website=malayalam.oneindia.com |language=ml |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He lived in [[Eravimangalam]] near [[Thrissur]], towards the later part of his life and died on 24 January 24, 2012, at [[Amala Institute of Medical Sciences]].<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://article.wn.com/view/2012/01/24/Sukumar_Azhikode_passes_away/ |title=Sukumar Azhikode passes away |website=article.wn.com |language=en |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He was 85 years old and was suffering from bone cancer for which he had been hospitalized since 7 December 2011.<ref name="Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Times of India">{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Renowned-Kerala-writer-Sukumar-Azhikode-passes-away/articleshow/11611159.cms |title=Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Times of India |website=The Times of India |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India" />
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[[File:Sukumar azhikkod.jpg|thumb|235px|left|a public speech]]
[[File:Sukumar azhikkod.jpg|thumb|235px|left|a public speech]]
[[File:Sukumar Azheekod Speaks in laloor.jpg|thumb|Sukumar Azhikode Speaks in [[Laloor]].]]
[[File:Sukumar Azheekod Speaks in laloor.jpg|thumb|Sukumar Azhikode Speaks in [[Laloor]].]]
Sukumar Azhikode, considered by many as the leading Malayalm literary critic after the era of [[Joseph Mundassery]], [[M. P. Paul]] and [[Kuttikrishna Marar]]<ref name="The conscience-keeper of our age">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/the-consciencekeeper-of-our-age/article2827844.ece |title=The conscience-keeper of our age |last=Santhosh |first=K. |date=2012-01-24 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and one of the greatest Malayalam orators, wrote a number of books on literary criticism, philosophy and social issues,<ref name="Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief">{{Cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2015/may/13/Azhikode-a-Unique-Orator-PSC-Chief-759962.html |title=Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief |date=2019-02-06 |website=The New Indian Express |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site">{{Cite web |url=http://m.ucanindia.in/news/renowned-malayalam-writer-dead-16655.html |title=Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site |date=2019-02-06 |website=m.ucanindia.in |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Litterateur Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/Litterateur-Sukumar-Azhikode-passes-away/article20388353.ece |title=Litterateur Sukumar Azhikode passes away |last=PTI |website=@businessline |language=en |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> including ''Thatvamasi'',<ref name="Thathwamasi">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=80136&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Thathwamasi |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1984 |publisher=S.P.C.S |location=Kottayam}}</ref> a treatise on [[Indian philosophy]], [[Vedas]] and [[Upanishads]] which received 12 awards;<ref name="Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode dead">{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/malayalam-writer-sukumar-azhikode-dead/story-OmdEFp7bCvc0bkHkA4f7AN.html |title=Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode dead |date=2012-01-24 |website=hindustantimes.com |language=en |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> the book also paved way for another book, ''Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal'',<ref name="Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal">{{Cite book |title=Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |publisher=DC Books |isbn=978-81-264-6168-4}}</ref> a compilation of four speeches made by Azhikode on the book.<ref name="Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief" /> Six of his books are on Malayalam literature,; ''Malayala Sahityavimarsanam'' (Criticism of Malayalam Literature)<ref name="Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=77566&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1981 |publisher=Vallaththol Vidya Peetdam |location=Sukapuram}}</ref> and ''Malayala Sahitya Patanangal'' (Studies on Malayalam Literature)<ref name="Malayala Sahitya Patanangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=306471&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Malayala Sahitya Patanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1986 |publisher=D.C.Books |location=Kottayam}}</ref> are general studies, two others, ''Shankarakkuruppu Vimarshikkappedunnu'' (Sankara Kurup Critiqued)<ref name="Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=65184&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu |last=Sukumar Azhikode}}</ref> and ''Mahakavi Ulloor'' (The Great Poet Ulloor) are studies of the works of [[G. Sankara Kurup]] and [[Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer]] while the remaining two, ''Aasaante Seethaakaavyam'' (Asan's Seetha Kavyam)<ref name="Aashaante Seethaakavyam">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=72934&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Aashaante Seethaakavyam |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1970 |publisher=Sahitya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangam |location=Kottayam}}</ref> and ''Ramananum Malayalakavitayum'' (Ramanan and Malayalam Poetry)<ref name="Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=202510&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum |last=Sukumar Azhikode |publisher=Ahammadkunchu & Brothers |location=Ahammadkunchu & Brothers}}</ref> are critical analysis of two classic poems, ''Chinthavishtayaya Seetha'' of [[Kumaran Asan]] and ''[[Ramanan (play in verse)|Ramanan]]'' of [[Changampuzha Krishna Pillai]]. Besides several studies on various topics, he also published a book compiling some of his orations under the title, ''Azhikodinte Prabhashanangal''(Orations of Azhikode)<ref name="Azheekodinde Prabashanangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=223319&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Azheekodinde Prabashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1995 |publisher=Thrissur Current |location=Thrissur Current}}</ref> and ''Azhikodinte Phalithangal'' (Jokes of Azhikode) which narrates his jokes and their situations. He also translated [[Mark Twain]]'s ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]'' into Malayalam under the title, ''Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal''.<ref name="Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=285025&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal |last=Twain |first=Mark |last2=Sukumar Azhikode |date=2009 |publisher=Green books |isbn=9788184231540 |location=Thrissur}}</ref>
Sukumar Azhikode, considered by many as the leading Malayalam literary critic after the era of [[Joseph Mundassery]], [[M. P. Paul]] and [[Kuttikrishna Marar]]<ref name="The conscience-keeper of our age">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/the-consciencekeeper-of-our-age/article2827844.ece |title=The conscience-keeper of our age |last=Santhosh |first=K. |date=2012-01-24 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and one of the greatest Malayalam orators, wrote a number of books on literary criticism, philosophy and social issues,<ref name="Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief">{{Cite web |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2015/may/13/Azhikode-a-Unique-Orator-PSC-Chief-759962.html |title=Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief |date=2019-02-06 |website=The New Indian Express |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site">{{Cite web |url=http://m.ucanindia.in/news/renowned-malayalam-writer-dead-16655.html |title=Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site |date=2019-02-06 |website=m.ucanindia.in |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref><ref name="Litterateur Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/Litterateur-Sukumar-Azhikode-passes-away/article20388353.ece |title=Litterateur Sukumar Azhikode passes away |last=PTI |website=@businessline |language=en |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> including ''Thatvamasi'',<ref name="Thathwamasi">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=80136&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Thathwamasi |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1984 |publisher=S.P.C.S |location=Kottayam}}</ref> a treatise on [[Indian philosophy]], [[Vedas]] and [[Upanishads]] which received 12 awards;<ref name="Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode dead">{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/malayalam-writer-sukumar-azhikode-dead/story-OmdEFp7bCvc0bkHkA4f7AN.html |title=Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode dead |date=2012-01-24 |website=hindustantimes.com |language=en |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> the book also paved way for another book, ''Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal'',<ref name="Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal">{{Cite book |title=Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |publisher=DC Books |isbn=978-81-264-6168-4}}</ref> a compilation of four speeches made by Azhikode on the book.<ref name="Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief" /> Six of his books are on Malayalam literature,; ''Malayala Sahityavimarsanam'' (Criticism of Malayalam Literature)<ref name="Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=77566&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1981 |publisher=Vallaththol Vidya Peetdam |location=Sukapuram}}</ref> and ''Malayala Sahitya Patanangal'' (Studies on Malayalam Literature)<ref name="Malayala Sahitya Patanangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=306471&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Malayala Sahitya Patanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1986 |publisher=D.C.Books |location=Kottayam}}</ref> are general studies, two others, ''Shankarakkuruppu Vimarshikkappedunnu'' (Sankara Kurup Critiqued)<ref name="Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=65184&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu |last=Sukumar Azhikode}}</ref> and ''Mahakavi Ulloor'' (The Great Poet Ulloor) are studies of the works of [[G. Sankara Kurup]] and [[Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer]] while the remaining two, ''Aasaante Seethaakaavyam'' (Asan's Seetha Kavyam)<ref name="Aashaante Seethaakavyam">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=72934&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Aashaante Seethaakavyam |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1970 |publisher=Sahitya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangam |location=Kottayam}}</ref> and ''Ramananum Malayalakavitayum'' (Ramanan and Malayalam Poetry)<ref name="Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=202510&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum |last=Sukumar Azhikode |publisher=Ahammadkunchu & Brothers |location=Ahammadkunchu & Brothers}}</ref> are critical analysis of two classic poems, ''Chinthavishtayaya Seetha'' of [[Kumaran Asan]] and ''[[Ramanan (play in verse)|Ramanan]]'' of [[Changampuzha Krishna Pillai]]. Besides several studies on various topics, he also published a book compiling some of his orations under the title, ''Azhikodinte Prabhashanangal''(Orations of Azhikode)<ref name="Azheekodinde Prabashanangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=223319&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Azheekodinde Prabashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1995 |publisher=Thrissur Current |location=Thrissur Current}}</ref> and ''Azhikodinte Phalithangal'' (Jokes of Azhikode) which narrates his jokes and their situations. He also translated [[Mark Twain]]'s ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]]'' into Malayalam under the title, ''Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal''.<ref name="Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal">{{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=285025&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal |last1=Twain |first1=Mark |last2=Sukumar Azhikode |date=2009 |publisher=Green books |isbn=9788184231540 |location=Thrissur}}</ref>


== Social activism and controversies ==
== Social activism and controversies ==
Sukumar Azhikode was an active commentator on the changes in the society and his speeches on the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]] were reported to have been notable; his speeches regularly featured comments on historical figures such as [[Buddha]], [[Jesus Christ]], [[Prophet Mohammad]], Gandhiji and [[Ram Manohar Lohia]].<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India" /> He was also vocal on contemporaries including [[V. S. Achuthanandan]],<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode - Veethi profile">{{Cite web |url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/sukumar_azhikode-profile-2174-25.htm |title=Sukumar Azhikode - Veethi profile |date=2019-02-07 |website=veethi.com |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> [[G. Sankara Kurup]] and [[K. Karunakaran]], among others.<ref name="Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site" /> His war of words with [[Mohanlal]], the Malayalam film actor, drew public interest, and led to Azhikode serving a legal notice on the actor.<ref name="Mohanlal and Azhikode patch up">{{Cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/mohanlal-and-azhikode-patch-up-427644.html |title=Mohanlal and Azhikode patch up |website=News18 |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He was also involved in public exchanges of differences with Vellapally Natesan, the general secretary of [[Sree Narayana Trust]]<ref name="Author Sukumar Azhikode: a man of the masses">{{Cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/books/author-sukumar-azhikode-a-man-of-the-masses-440253.html |title=Author Sukumar Azhikode: a man of the masses |website=News18 |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], the film actor<ref name="അഴീക്കോടുമായി തര്‍ക്കിക്കണം: ഇന്നസെന്റ്">{{Cite web |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2011/12/17/kerala-innocent-visits-sukumar-azhikode-hospital-aid0032.html |title=അഴീക്കോടുമായി തര്‍ക്കിക്കണം: ഇന്നസെന്റ് |last=Babu |first=Ajith |date=2011-12-17 |website=malayalam.oneindia.com |language=ml |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and contested an election to the Lok Sabha, unsuccessfully, the only time he was involved in active politics.<ref name="Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/malayalam-writer-sukumar-azhikode-passes-away/20120124.htm |title=Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away |website=Rediff |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>
Sukumar Azhikode was an active commentator on the changes in the society and his speeches on the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]] were reported to have been notable; his speeches regularly featured comments on historical figures such as [[Buddha]], [[Jesus Christ]], [[Muhammad]], Gandhiji and [[Ram Manohar Lohia]].<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India" /> He was also vocal on contemporaries including [[V. S. Achuthanandan]],<ref name="Sukumar Azhikode - Veethi profile">{{Cite web |url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/sukumar_azhikode-profile-2174-25.htm |title=Sukumar Azhikode - Veethi profile |date=2019-02-07 |website=veethi.com |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> [[G. Sankara Kurup]] and [[K. Karunakaran]], among others.<ref name="Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site" /> His war of words with [[Mohanlal]], the Malayalam film actor, drew public interest, and led to Azhikode serving a legal notice on the actor.<ref name="Mohanlal and Azhikode patch up">{{Cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/mohanlal-and-azhikode-patch-up-427644.html |title=Mohanlal and Azhikode patch up |website=News18 |date=12 December 2011 |access-date=2019-02-06}}</ref> He was also involved in public exchanges of differences with Vellapally Natesan, the general secretary of [[Sree Narayana Trust]]<ref name="Author Sukumar Azhikode: a man of the masses">{{Cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/books/author-sukumar-azhikode-a-man-of-the-masses-440253.html |title=Author Sukumar Azhikode: a man of the masses |website=News18 |date=24 January 2012 |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], the film actor<ref name="അഴീക്കോടുമായി തര്‍ക്കിക്കണം: ഇന്നസെന്റ്">{{Cite web |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/2011/12/17/kerala-innocent-visits-sukumar-azhikode-hospital-aid0032.html |title=അഴീക്കോടുമായി തര്‍ക്കിക്കണം: ഇന്നസെന്റ് |last=Babu |first=Ajith |date=2011-12-17 |website=malayalam.oneindia.com |language=ml |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref> and contested an election to the Lok Sabha, unsuccessfully, the only time he was involved in active politics.<ref name="Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away">{{Cite web |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/malayalam-writer-sukumar-azhikode-passes-away/20120124.htm |title=Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away |website=Rediff |access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>


== Awards and honours ==
== Awards and honours ==
Line 81: Line 79:


=== Memoirs and personal writings ===
=== Memoirs and personal writings ===
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=98282&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Arangukaliloode |last=Sukumar Azheekode |last2=Jayprakash Peringottukurissi |date=2011 |publisher=D C Books |isbn=9788126430086 |location=Kottayam}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=98282&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Arangukaliloode |last1=Sukumar Azheekode |last2=Jayprakash Peringottukurissi |date=2011 |publisher=D C Books |isbn=9788126430086 |location=Kottayam}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=215703&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Oru Koottam Pazhaya Kathukal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1963 |publisher=Mathrubhumi |location=Mathrubhumi}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=215703&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Oru Koottam Pazhaya Kathukal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1963 |publisher=Mathrubhumi |location=Mathrubhumi}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=223319&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Azheekodinde Prabashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1995 |publisher=Thrissur Current |location=Thrissur Current}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=223319&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Azheekodinde Prabashanangal |last=Sukumar Azhikode |date=1995 |publisher=Thrissur Current |location=Thrissur Current}}
Line 88: Line 86:


=== Translations ===
=== Translations ===
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=285025&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal |last=Twain |first=Mark |last2=Sukumar Azhikode |date=2009 |publisher=Green books |isbn=9788184231540 |location=Thrissur}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://catalog.uoc.ac.in/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=285025&query_desc=kw%252Cwrdl%253A%2520Azhikode |title=Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal |last1=Twain |first1=Mark |last2=Sukumar Azhikode |date=2009 |publisher=Green books |isbn=9788184231540 |location=Thrissur}}
 
== See also ==
* [[List of Indian writers]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 95: Line 96:
== External links ==
== External links ==
{{commons category|Sukumar Azhikode}}
{{commons category|Sukumar Azhikode}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yua16G4LHQE |title="Vaakkinte Kadal"-Special Program on Sukumar Azhikode Part 1 |last=asianetnews |date=January 23, 2012 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yua16G4LHQE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/yua16G4LHQE |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title="Vaakkinte Kadal"-Special Program on Sukumar Azhikode Part 1 |last=asianetnews |date=January 23, 2012 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}{{cbignore}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o85eIjPpWfk |title="Vaakkinte Kadal"-Special Program on Sukumar Azhikode Part 2 |last=asianetnews |date=January 23, 2012 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o85eIjPpWfk |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/o85eIjPpWfk |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title="Vaakkinte Kadal"-Special Program on Sukumar Azhikode Part 2 |last=asianetnews |date=January 23, 2012 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}{{cbignore}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8C5mZzxCXI |title=Sukumar Azhikode - Life and Work (Malayalam) |last=TK Kochunarayanan |date=May 2, 2016 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8C5mZzxCXI |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/x8C5mZzxCXI |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Sukumar Azhikode - Life and Work (Malayalam) |last=TK Kochunarayanan |date=May 2, 2016 |website=YouTube |access-date=2019-02-06}}{{cbignore}}


{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Malayalam}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Award For Malayalam}}
Line 103: Line 104:
{{Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship}}
{{Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship}}
{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}
{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}
{{Vayalar Awards}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Azhikode, Sukumar}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Azhikode, Sukumar}}

Latest revision as of 00:09, 14 August 2023


Sukumar Azhikode
Azhikode in 2011
Azhikode in 2011
BornKoloth Thattarath Sukumaran
12 May 1926
Azhikode, Kannur, Kerala, India
Died24 January 2012(2012-01-24) (aged 85)
Thrissur, Kerala, India
Occupation
  • Writer
  • social critic
  • orator
  • academic
Notable works
  • Tatvamasi
  • Aasante Seetakavyam
  • Ramananum Malayalakavitayum
  • Mahatmavinte Margam
  • Malayala Sahityavimarsanam
Notable awards
Relatives
  • Vidvan Panankavil Dhamodharan (father)
  • Koloth Thattarath Madaviyamma (mother)

Koloth Thattarath Sukumaran, popularly known as Sukumar Azhikode (26 May 1926 – 24 January 2012) was an Indian academic, orator, critic and writer of Malayalam literature, known for his contributions to Malayalam language and insights on Indian philosophy.[1] He was a scholar in Sanskrit, Malayalam, and English languages and his work, Tatvamasi, published in 1984, is a notable work for its detailed interpretation of Indian philosophy, Vedas and Upanishads.[2] He was a recipient of several honours including Sahitya Akademi Award, Kerala Sahithya Akademi Award, Vayalar Award, Vallathol Award and Ezhuthachan Puraskaram, the highest literary award of the Government of Kerala. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 2007, which he refused citing the award was a discrimination.

Biography[edit]

Sukumar Azhikode, was born on May 12, 1926, at Azhikode, a coastal village in Kannur district of the south Indian state of Kerala to Vidwan Panankavil Damodharan, a teacher, and his wife, Koloth Thattarathu Madhaviyamma, as the fourth of their six children.[3] His early schooling was at Azhikode South Elementary School and he passed intermediate examination from Rajas High School Chirakkal in 1941 before studying ayurveda at Kottakkal Arya Vaidya Patasala for one year. Subsequently, he joined St. Aloysius College, Mangalore from where he graduated in commerce in 1943. He started his career as a clerk at the Kannur branch of Indian Overseas Bank but soon quit the job to pursue a teaching career for which he completed the teachers' training course from Government College of Teacher Education, Kozhikode (GCTE) and joined his alma mater, Rajas High School, Chirakkal, as a teacher in 1948.[4] While serving as a teacher, he continued his studies through distance education and earned master's degrees in Sanskrit and Malayalam languages. He followed it up with a bachelor's degree in education from GCTE in 1952. During the next three and a half decades, he worked at various institutions, starting with St. Joseph's College, Devagiri and St. Aloysius College, Mangalore as a lecturer, as the principal at SNM Training College, Moothakunnam, before joining the University of Calicut as the founder head and professor of the department of Malayalam.[5] In between, he secured a PhD in Malayalam literature in 1981, for his thesis, Western Influence in Malayalam Literary Criticism. Later, he served as the pro vice chancellor and acting vice chancellor of the university.[3]

Sukumar Azhikode lived a bachelor throughout his life; his relationship with Vilasini teacher, to whom he had proposed, did not result in a marriage.[6] He lived in Eravimangalam near Thrissur, towards the later part of his life and died on 24 January 24, 2012, at Amala Institute of Medical Sciences.[7] He was 85 years old and was suffering from bone cancer for which he had been hospitalized since 7 December 2011.[8][5]

Literary career[edit]

a public speech
Sukumar Azhikode Speaks in Laloor.

Sukumar Azhikode, considered by many as the leading Malayalam literary critic after the era of Joseph Mundassery, M. P. Paul and Kuttikrishna Marar[9] and one of the greatest Malayalam orators, wrote a number of books on literary criticism, philosophy and social issues,[10][11][12] including Thatvamasi,[13] a treatise on Indian philosophy, Vedas and Upanishads which received 12 awards;[14] the book also paved way for another book, Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal,[15] a compilation of four speeches made by Azhikode on the book.[10] Six of his books are on Malayalam literature,; Malayala Sahityavimarsanam (Criticism of Malayalam Literature)[16] and Malayala Sahitya Patanangal (Studies on Malayalam Literature)[17] are general studies, two others, Shankarakkuruppu Vimarshikkappedunnu (Sankara Kurup Critiqued)[18] and Mahakavi Ulloor (The Great Poet Ulloor) are studies of the works of G. Sankara Kurup and Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer while the remaining two, Aasaante Seethaakaavyam (Asan's Seetha Kavyam)[19] and Ramananum Malayalakavitayum (Ramanan and Malayalam Poetry)[20] are critical analysis of two classic poems, Chinthavishtayaya Seetha of Kumaran Asan and Ramanan of Changampuzha Krishna Pillai. Besides several studies on various topics, he also published a book compiling some of his orations under the title, Azhikodinte Prabhashanangal(Orations of Azhikode)[21] and Azhikodinte Phalithangal (Jokes of Azhikode) which narrates his jokes and their situations. He also translated Mark Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn into Malayalam under the title, Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal.[22]

Social activism and controversies[edit]

Sukumar Azhikode was an active commentator on the changes in the society and his speeches on the demolition of the Babri Masjid were reported to have been notable; his speeches regularly featured comments on historical figures such as Buddha, Jesus Christ, Muhammad, Gandhiji and Ram Manohar Lohia.[5] He was also vocal on contemporaries including V. S. Achuthanandan,[23] G. Sankara Kurup and K. Karunakaran, among others.[11] His war of words with Mohanlal, the Malayalam film actor, drew public interest, and led to Azhikode serving a legal notice on the actor.[24] He was also involved in public exchanges of differences with Vellapally Natesan, the general secretary of Sree Narayana Trust[25] and Innocent, the film actor[26] and contested an election to the Lok Sabha, unsuccessfully, the only time he was involved in active politics.[27]

Awards and honours[edit]

Sukumar Azhikode memorial at Payyambalam Beach, Kannur

Sukumar Azhikode received the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for literary criticism in 1984 for his work, Malayala Sahitya Vimarshanam;[28] a year later, Akademi honoured him again with their award for miscellaneous works; Thatvamasi earning him the award.[29] Thatvamasi received another honour the next year in the form of 1985 Sahitya Akademi Award,[30] followed by yet another award, Vayalar Award in 1989.[31] He was the recipient of the 1997 DALA Award of the Dubai Art Lovers Association.[32] The Government of Kerala awarded him for their highest literary honour, the Ezhuthachan Puraskaram, in 2004[5] and the Government of India selected him for the fourth highest civilian award of the Padma Shri in 2007.[33] However, Azhikode refused the award, citing that the gradation of civilian honours were a form of discrimination.[34] He was also a recipient of the Vallathol Award which he received in 2007[35] and the Rajaji Award.[36] The Government of Kerala acquired the property of Sukumar Azhikode in 2013 and set up a memorial for him. The memorial holds a museum where his books and personal belongings are on display.[37] Another memorial for the writer has been set up at Payyambalam Beach by Sukumar Azhikode Cultural Center[38] and a Kannur-based cultural association has instituted an annual award, Sukumar Azhikode Memorial Award; M. Mukundan, K. Jayakumar and Sreekumaran Thampi are some of the recipients of the award.[39]

Bibliography[edit]

  • Sukumar Azhikode. Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum. Ahammadkunchu & Brothers: Ahammadkunchu & Brothers.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1984). Thathwamasi. Kottayam: S.P.C.S.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1981). Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam. Sukapuram: Vallaththol Vidya Peetdam.
  • Sukumar Azhikode. Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1970). Aashaante Seethaakavyam. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangam.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1986). Viswasahitya Padanangal. Kottayam: DCB.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1986). Khandanavum Mandanavum. Kottayam: DCB.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1986). Thathwavum Manushyanum. Kottayam: DCB.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1980). Purogamana Sahithyavum Mattum. Kozhikode: Poorna Publications.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1968). Mahathmavinte Margam. S.P.C.S.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2007). Bharathiyatha. Kottayam: D.C. Books. ISBN 9788171309931.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2001). Priyappetta Azhicodinu: Letters. Thrissur: Current Books.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2007). Darsanam, Samooham, Vyakthi. Kozhikode: Lipi. ISBN 9788188011476.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2006). Azheekodinte Lekhanangal. Kozhikode: Matrubhoomi. ISBN 9788182642430.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2006). Nattellu Enna Gunam. Kozhikode: Olive Publications.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (2002). Guruvinte Dukham. Kozhikode: Lipi.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1996). Akasham Nashtapedunna India. Calicut: P.K. Brothers.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1980). Vayanayude Swargathil.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1997). Pathakal Kazhchakal. Manadavady Phinix: Manadavady Phinix.
  • Sukumar, Azhikode (2011). Indian Avasthakal (1st ed.). Kannur: New Books.</ref>
  • Azhikode, Sukumar (2009). Janalakkazhchakal. Kozhikode: LIPI books. ISBN 9788188013180.
  • Sukumar Azhikode (1986). Malayala Sahitya Patanangal. Kottayam: D.C.Books.
  • Sukumar Azhikode. Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal. DC Books. ISBN 978-81-264-6168-4.
  • Entinu Bharatadare
  • Azhikodinte Phalitangal (Jokes of Azhikode)
  • Mahakavi Ulloor (The Great Poet Ulloor)

Memoirs and personal writings[edit]

Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Ezhuthachan Puraskaram for Sukumar Azhikode". The Hindu. 2 November 2004. Archived from the original on 4 November 2004. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
  2. ↑ "Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away". The Times of India. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sukumār Azhikode (2012). Azheekodinte Athmakadha Sampoornam. Kottayam: DC Books. ISBN 9788126436699. OCLC 829071738.
  4. ↑ "Dr Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Doolnews". english.doolnews.com. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Sukumar Azhikode: A great voice is stilled - Times of India". The Times of India. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  6. ↑ Lakshmi (24 August 2011). "അഴീക്കോട് അപകീര്‍ത്തിപ്പെടുത്തി:വിലാസിനി ടീച്ചര്‍". malayalam.oneindia.com (in മലയാളം). Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  7. ↑ "Sukumar Azhikode passes away". article.wn.com. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  8. ↑ "Renowned Kerala writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  9. ↑ Santhosh, K. (24 January 2012). "The conscience-keeper of our age". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Azhikode a Unique Orator: PSC Chief". The New Indian Express. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Renowned Malayalam writer dead - UCAN India Mobile Site". m.ucanindia.in. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  12. ↑ PTI. "Litterateur Sukumar Azhikode passes away". @businessline. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  13. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode (1984). Thathwamasi. Kottayam: S.P.C.S.
  14. ↑ "Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode dead". hindustantimes.com. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  15. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode. Thathwamasi Prabhashanangal. DC Books. ISBN 978-81-264-6168-4.
  16. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode (1981). Malayala Sahitya Vimarsanam. Sukapuram: Vallaththol Vidya Peetdam.
  17. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode (1986). Malayala Sahitya Patanangal. Kottayam: D.C.Books.
  18. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode. Sankara Kuruppu Vimarsikkappedunnu.
  19. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode (1970). Aashaante Seethaakavyam. Kottayam: Sahitya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangam.
  20. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode. Ramananum Malayala Kavithayum. Ahammadkunchu & Brothers: Ahammadkunchu & Brothers.
  21. ↑ Sukumar Azhikode (1995). Azheekodinde Prabashanangal. Thrissur Current: Thrissur Current.
  22. ↑ Twain, Mark; Sukumar Azhikode (2009). Huckleberry Finninte Vikramangal. Thrissur: Green books. ISBN 9788184231540.
  23. ↑ "Sukumar Azhikode - Veethi profile". veethi.com. 7 February 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  24. ↑ "Mohanlal and Azhikode patch up". News18. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  25. ↑ "Author Sukumar Azhikode: a man of the masses". News18. 24 January 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  26. ↑ Babu, Ajith (17 December 2011). "അഴീക്കോടുമായി തര്‍ക്കിക്കണം: ഇന്നസെന്റ്". malayalam.oneindia.com (in മലയാളം). Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  27. ↑ "Malayalam writer Sukumar Azhikode passes away". Rediff. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  28. ↑ "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Literary Criticism". Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 7 February 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
  29. ↑ "Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Miscellaneous Works". Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  30. ↑ "Literary Awards". 24 May 2007. Archived from the original on 24 May 2007. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  31. ↑ "Winners of Vayalar Award". keralaculture.org. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  32. ↑ "Dala Award winners". www.keralaculture.org. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  33. ↑ "Padma Shri" (PDF). Padma Shri. 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  34. ↑ "Azhikode rejects award". The Hindu. India. 27 January 2007. Archived from the original on 17 January 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
  35. ↑ "Winners of Vallathol Literary Awards". www.keralaculture.org. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  36. ↑ "Rajaji Award Winners". www.goodreads.com. 6 February 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  37. ↑ "The state government will take over late Sukumar Azhikode's house and property in Thrissur at a value of Rs.51.25 lakhs and it will be converted into a cultural memorial. All the books belonging to Azhikode will be preserved at this memorial". The Times of India. 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  38. ↑ "Memorial for Azhikode on Payyambalam beach is illegal - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  39. ↑ "Lyricist Sreekumaran Thampi bags Sukumar Azhikode Memorial Award". United News of India. 2 October 2017.

External links[edit]

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