Chhatri: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:16, 27 March 2026

Chhatris up close at Bada Bagh, Rajasthan

Chhatri set atop each corner of the Hall of Audience in Fatehpur Sikri palace complex.

Chhatri are semi-open, elevated, dome-shaped pavilions used as an element in Indo-Islamic architecture^[1] and Indian architecture. They are most commonly of square, octagonal, and round shapes.^[2]

Originating as a canopy above tombs, they largely serve as decorative elements as opposed to functional elements.^[1]^[2] The earliest examples of chhatri being used in the Indian subcontinent were found in the Shrine of Ibrahim in Bhadreswar, constructed between 1159 and 1175 AD.^[1]

Chhatri are found particularly within Mughal architecture came from Bengal Deltaic Architecture.The artisans and architects of bengal brought this feature to the Darbar of powerful officials both hindu and muslim. The most notable surviving examples today are to be found at Humayun's Tomb in Delhi and the Taj Mahal in Agra. The Berar Sultanate in the Deccan added chhatris on buildings in its various capitals.^[3] Chhatri have also been used in Rajasthan and other parts of the Indian subcontinent by both Muslim and Hindu rulers.

They are primarily used to manipulate skylines, an important aspect of Bengal architecture.^[2] For instance, they may be added to building roofs, and larger chhatri may be used as cenotaphs.^[2] Its origins are, however, Rajastani. While chhatri in Shekhawati may consist of a simple structure of one dome raised by four pillars to a building containing many domes and a basement with several rooms. In some places, the interior of the chhatri is painted in the same manner as the haveli (mansions) of the region.

In Rajasthan[edit | edit source]

Many other chhatri exist in other parts of Rajasthan. Their locations include:

Jaipur – Gaitore Cenotaphs of the Maharajas of Jaipur. Set in a narrow valley, the cenotaphs of the former rulers of Jaipur consist of the somewhat typical chhatri or umbrella-shaped memorials. Sawai Jai Singh II's Chhatri is particularly noteworthy because of the carvings that have been used to embellish it.
Jodhpur – Jaswant Thada, the white marble chhatri of Maharaja Jaswant Singh II. The Panchkunda Ki Chhatriyan at Mandore are a group of chhatri built on early cremation grounds of Marwar royal family.
Bharatpur- the cenotaphs of the members of the Jat royal family of Bharatpur, who perished whilst fighting against the British in 1825, are erected in the town of Govardhan. The chhatri of Maharaja Suraj Mal of Bharatpur has fine frescos illuminating the life of Surajmal, vividly depicting darbar and hunting scenes, royal processions and wars.
Udaipur- Flanked by a row of enormous stone elephants, the Lake Pichola island has an impressive chhatri carved from gray blue stone, built by Maharana Jagat Singh.
Haldighati – A beautiful Chhatri with white marble columns, dedicated to Rana Pratap, stands here. Chetak Smarak, the cenotaph dedicated to Chetak, Rana Pratap's famous horse, is also noteworthy.
Alwar – Moosi Maharani ki Chhatri is a beautiful red sandstone and white marble cenotaph of the rulers of Alwar.
Bundi – Suraj Chhatri and Mordi Ki Chhatri, Chaurasi Khambon ki Chhatri, Bundi and Nath Ji ki Chhatri are located in Bundi. Rani Shyam Kumari wife of Raja Chhatrasal on the northern hill constructed the Suraj Chhatri and Mayuri the second wife of Chhatrasal on the southern hill erected Mordi Ki Chhatri.
Jaisalmer – Bada Bagh, a complex with chhatris of Jai Singh II (d. 1743) and subsequent Maharajas of Jaisalmer.
Bikaner – Devi Kund near Bikaner is the royal crematorium place with a number of cenotaphs. The chhatri of Maharaja Surat Singh is most imposing. It has the spectacular Rajput paintings on the ceilings.
Ramgarh – Seth Ram Gopal Poddar Chhatri
Nagaur – Nath Ji ki Chhatri, Amar Singh Rathore-ki-Chhatri

A 12th-century chatri, Jaisalmir
Bada Bagh at Jaisalmer
Chhatri at Rajgarh, Rajasthan
Moosi Rani Ki Chhatri, Alwar
Barah Khamba Chhatri at Jalsen Talab in Hindaun

In Shekhawati[edit | edit source]

Some of the best-known chhatri in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan are located in the following cities and towns:

Ramgarh – Ram Gopal Poddar Chhatri
Laxmangarh - Churiwala ki Chhatri
Bissau – The Raj ki Chhatri of the Shekhawat Thakurs
Parsurampura – Thakur Sardul Singh Shekhawat's chhatri
Jhunjhunu – Chhatri of Shekhawat Rulers
Dundlod – The beautiful chhatri of Ram Dutt Goenka
Mukungarh – Shivdutta Ganeriwala Chhatri
Churu – Taknet Chhatri
Mahansar – The Sahaj Ram Poddar Chhatri
Udaipurwati – Joki Das Shah ki Chhatri
Fatehpur – Jagan Nath Singhania Chhatri

In Madhya Pradesh[edit | edit source]

The region of Madhya Pradesh is the site of several other notable chhatri of its famous Maratha rulers:

Shujalpur – Tomb of Ranoji Scindia, founder of the Scindia dynasty. Situated at Ranoganj, Shujalpur to Akodia Road.
Shivpuri – Intricately embellished marble chhatri erected by Scindia rulers in Shivpuri.
Gwalior – Shrimati Balabai Maharaj Ladojirao Shitole Chhatri
Gwalior – Rajrajendra Ramchandrarao Narsingh Shitole and wife Gunwantyaraje Ramchandrarao Shitole (princess of Gwalior) Chatri
Orchha – Elaborate chhatri of local Hindu kings
Gohad – The Jat rulers of Gohad constructed the chhatri of Maharaja Bhim Singh Rana on the Gwalior Fort.
Indore and Maheshwar – Chhatri of Holkar rulers.
Alampur – Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar built the chhatri of Malhar Rao Holkar at Alampur in Bhind district in 1766.

Inside view of Krishnapur Chhatri, Indore

Mughal architecture[edit | edit source]

Dome-Shaped Chhatris Spires on the Taj Mahal.

Chhatri were features in many buildings of Mughal architecture:

The Taj Mahal has four Chhatris surrounding the Main Dome
Humayun's Tomb has several Chhatris near the dome.
The Panch Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri is crowned with a domed chhatri that overlooks the men's area.^[4]

In Kutch[edit | edit source]

Chhatri can also be found in the outskirts of Bhuj city belonging mainly to Jadeja rulers of Kutch. The chhatri of Rao Lakhpatji is very famous for its intricate designs and carvings. Most of them but have been destroyed in the 2001 Gujarat earthquake. The restoration work is going on.

Outside India[edit | edit source]

Chhatri of Ram Mohan Roy in Arnos Vale Cemetery, Bristol, England

There are two notable chhatri in the United Kingdom, a country with strong historical links to India. One is a cenotaph in Brighton, dedicated to the Indian soldiers who died in the First World War.

The other is in Arnos Vale Cemetery near Bristol and is a memorial to the distinguished Indian reformer Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who died in that city.

Major Chhattris[edit | edit source]

84 Khambho ki Chhatri- memorial of Shatrusal (1631 AD), Bundi ruler - contemporary of Shah Jahan . Built in the memory of Rao Raja Aniruddh Singh's nursemaid Deva, near Devpura village of Bundi .

Chhataris of Kesarbagh[edit | edit source]

Kesarbagh, located about 4-5 kilometers from Bundi, has 66 chhatris of rulers of Bundi and royal families. The oldest among these is chhatri of Maharaj Kumar Dadu and the newest is the chhatri of Maharaja Raja Vishnu Singh.

Musi Maharani ki chhatri[edit | edit source]

Their canopy is located in Rajasthan's Alvar The canopy of 60 the pillars of Hindu architecture on the south side of Sagar below the Bala Durg was built in the memory of the Musi Queen of Maharaja Bakhtar Singh during the period of Maharaja Vinay Singh. The upper storey of this canopy, built of white marble and red sandstone, is also decorated with mural paintings depicting scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.

Chhataris of Tehla[edit | edit source]

These chhatris are also located in Alwar district of Rajasthan.

The Mishraji Chhatri located here is particularly renowned; it was constructed around 1432 CE.

The dome of this chhatri is supported by eight upright, square pillars. The distinguishing feature of this chhatri is the unparalleled ornamentation of its mural paintings.

References[edit | edit source]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Salome Zajadacz-Hastenrath (2000), "On the History of Style of the Tomb "Chattris" in the Islamic Architecture of Sind", Central Asiatic Journal, 44 (1): 131–157, JSTOR 41928225
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Jain, Kulbhushan (1998). "Spatial Organisation and Aesthetic Expression in the Traditional Architecture of Rajasthan". Paradigms of Indian Architecture (1st ed.). Routledge. p. 173. ISBN 9781315026923.
↑ Navina Najat Haidar, Marika Sardar (13 April 2015). Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and Fantasy. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 51. ISBN 9780300211108.
↑ Andrew Petersen (11 March 2002). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. p. 83. ISBN 9781134613663.

External links[edit | edit source]

ArchNet Dictionary of Islamic Architecture: Chatri
Images of old chhatris Columbia University

Template:Islamic architecture

[chattri-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Salome Zajadacz-Hastenrath (2000), "On the History of Style of the Tomb "Chattris" in the Islamic Architecture of Sind", Central Asiatic Journal, 44 (1): 131–157, JSTOR 41928225

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Jain, Kulbhushan (1998). "Spatial Organisation and Aesthetic Expression in the Traditional Architecture of Rajasthan". Paradigms of Indian Architecture (1st ed.). Routledge. p. 173. ISBN 9781315026923.

[3] Navina Najat Haidar, Marika Sardar (13 April 2015). Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and Fantasy. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 51. ISBN 9780300211108.

[panchmahal-4] Andrew Petersen (11 March 2002). Dictionary of Islamic Architecture. p. 83. ISBN 9781134613663.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Elevated, dome-shaped pavilions in Indian architecture}}
-{{Italic title}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
-[[Image:Chhatri Udaybhan Singh.jpg|thumb|Memorial ''chhatri'' of Jat Rana Udaybhanu Singh Maharaj at [[Dholpur]], [[Rajasthan, India]].]]
+{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
-[[Image:Audienzhalle.jpg|thumb|''Chhatri'' set atop each corner of the Hall of Audience in [[Fatehpur Sikri]] palace complex.]]
+{{Redirect|Chattri|the monument in England|Chattri, Brighton}}
-'''''Chhatri''''' are elevated, dome-shaped [[pavilion]]s used as an element in [[Indo-Islamic architecture]]<ref name="chattri"/> and [[Indian architecture]]. Originating as a canopy above [[Mazar (mausoleum)|tombs]], it served as a decorative element.<ref name="chattri"/> The earliest example of chattris being used in the [[Indian Subcontinent]] were found in the [[Shrine of Ibrahim]] in [[Bhadreswar, Kutch|Bhadreswar]], constructed between 1159 and 1175 AD.<ref name="chattri">{{citation|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41928225|title= On the History of Style of the Tomb "Chattris" in the Islamic Architecture of Sind |journal=Central Asiatic Journal|author= Salome Zajadacz-Hastenrath|year= 2000 |volume= 44 |issue= 1 |pages= 131–157 |jstor= 41928225 }}</ref>
+[[File:Jaisalmer-6.jpg|thumb|270px|Chhatris up close at [[Bada Bagh]], [[Rajasthan]]]]
-''Chhatri'' are found particularly within [[Mughal architecture]]. The most notable surviving examples today are to be found at [[Humayun's Tomb]] in [[Delhi]] and the [[Taj Mahal]] in [[Agra]]. The [[Berar sultanate]] in the [[Deccan sultanates|Deccan]] topped buildings in its various capitals with ''chhatris''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Navina Najat Haidar, Marika Sardar|title=Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and Fantasy|date=13 April 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oi4nBwAAQBAJ&q=chhatri+deccan&pg=PA51|page=51|publisher=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]|isbn=9780300211108}}</ref>
+[[File:Audienzhalle.jpg|thumb|Chhatri set atop each corner of the Hall of Audience in [[Fatehpur Sikri]] palace complex.]]
+'''''Chhatri''''' are semi-open, elevated, dome-shaped [[pavilion]]s used as an element in [[Indo-Islamic architecture]]<ref name="chattri"/> and [[Indian architecture]]. They are most commonly of square, octagonal, and round shapes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Jain |first=Kulbhushan |title=Paradigms of Indian Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=1998 |isbn=9781315026923 |edition=1st |pages=173 |language=English |chapter=Spatial Organisation and Aesthetic Expression in the Traditional Architecture of Rajasthan}}</ref>
-Chattris have also been used in [[Rajasthan]] and other parts of the [[Indian Subcontinent]] by both [[Muslim]] and [[Hindu]] rulers. Its origins are, however, [[Indo-Islamic architecture|Indo-Islamic]].<ref name="chattri"/>
+Originating as a canopy above [[Mazar (mausoleum)|tombs]], they largely serve as decorative elements as opposed to functional elements.<ref name="chattri"/><ref name=":0" /> The earliest examples of chhatri being used in the [[Indian subcontinent]] were found in the [[Shrine of Ibrahim]] in [[Bhadreswar, Kutch|Bhadreswar]], constructed between 1159 and 1175 AD.<ref name="chattri">{{citation|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41928225|title= On the History of Style of the Tomb "Chattris" in the Islamic Architecture of Sind |journal=Central Asiatic Journal|author= Salome Zajadacz-Hastenrath|year= 2000 |volume= 44 |issue= 1 |pages= 131–157 |jstor= 41928225 }}</ref>
-Chhatris in [[Shekhawati]] may consist of a simple structure of one dome raised by four pillars to a building containing many domes and a basement with several rooms. In some places, the interior of the chhatris is painted in the same manner as the ''[[haveli]]''s (mansions) of the region.
+Chhatri are found particularly within [[Mughal architecture]] came from [[Bengal Deltaic Architecture]].The artisans and architects of bengal brought this feature to the Darbar of powerful officials both hindu and muslim. The most notable surviving examples today are to be found at [[Humayun's Tomb]] in [[Delhi]] and the [[Taj Mahal]] in [[Agra]]. The [[Berar Sultanate]] in the [[Deccan sultanates|Deccan]] added chhatris on buildings in its various capitals.<ref>{{cite book|author=Navina Najat Haidar, Marika Sardar|title=Sultans of Deccan India, 1500–1700: Opulence and Fantasy|date=13 April 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oi4nBwAAQBAJ&q=chhatri+deccan&pg=PA51|page=51|publisher=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]|isbn=9780300211108}}</ref> Chhatri have also been used in [[Rajasthan]] and other parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]] by both [[Muslim]] and [[Hindu]] rulers.
+They are primarily used to manipulate skylines, an important aspect of Bengal architecture.<ref name=":0" /> For instance, they may be added to building roofs, and larger chhatri may be used as cenotaphs.<ref name=":0" /> Its origins are, however, [[Architecture of Rajasthan|Rajastani]]. While chhatri in [[Shekhawati]] may consist of a simple structure of one dome raised by four pillars to a building containing many domes and a basement with several rooms. In some places, the interior of the chhatri is painted in the same manner as the ''[[haveli]]'' (mansions) of the region.
 ==In Rajasthan==
-<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
+Many other chhatri exist in other parts of Rajasthan. Their locations include:
-File:Hierarchy (8029464059).jpg| A 12th-century chatri, Jaisalmir
+*[[Jaipur]] – Gaitore Cenotaphs of the Maharajas of [[Jaipur]]. Set in a narrow valley, the cenotaphs of the former rulers of Jaipur consist of the somewhat typical chhatri or umbrella-shaped memorials. Sawai [[Jai Singh II]]'s Chhatri is particularly noteworthy because of the carvings that have been used to embellish it.
-File:Bada Bagh 03.jpg|Bada Bagh at Jaisalmer
+*[[Jodhpur]] – [[Jaswant Thada]], the white marble chhatri of Maharaja [[Jaswant Singh II]]. The Panchkunda Ki Chhatriyan at [[Mandore]] are a group of chhatri built on early cremation grounds of Marwar royal family.
-File:Chhatri at Rajgarh.jpg|Chhatri at Rajgarh, Rajasthan
-File:Cenotaph of Musi Maharani.jpg|Moosi Rani Ki Chhatri, [[Alwar]]
-File:Barah Khamba Gumbat, Hindaun.jpg|Barah Khamba Chhatri at [[Jalsen Talab]] in [[Hindaun]]
-</gallery>
-Many other chhatris exist in other parts of Rajasthan. Their locations include:
-*[[Jaipur]] – [[Gaitore]] Cenotaphs of the Maharajas of [[Jaipur]]. Set in a narrow valley, the cenotaphs of the former rulers of Jaipur consist of the somewhat typical chhatri or umbrella-shaped memorials. Sawai [[Jai Singh II]]'s Chhatri is particularly noteworthy because of the carvings that have been used to embellish it.
-*[[Jodhpur]] – [[Jaswant Thada]], the white marble chhatri of Maharaja [[Jaswant Singh II]]. The Panchkunda Ki Chhatriyan at [[Mandore]] are a group of ''chhatris'' built on early cremation grounds of Marwar royal family.
 *[[Bharatpur, India|Bharatpur]]- the cenotaphs of the members of the Jat royal family of Bharatpur, who perished whilst fighting against the British in 1825, are erected in the town of [[Govardhan hill|Govardhan]]. The chhatri of [[Maharaja Suraj Mal]] of Bharatpur has fine frescos illuminating the life of Surajmal, vividly depicting darbar and hunting scenes, royal processions and wars.
 *[[Udaipur]]- Flanked by a row of enormous stone elephants, the [[Lake Pichola]] island has an impressive chhatri carved from gray blue stone, built by Maharana Jagat Singh.
@@ Line 31: / Line 27: @@
 *[[Ramgarh, Rajasthan|Ramgarh]] – Seth Ram Gopal Poddar Chhatri
 *[[Nagaur]] – Nath Ji ki Chhatri, Amar Singh Rathore-ki-Chhatri
+<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
+File:Bairisal Borj (Jaisalmer Fort), Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (2012).jpg| A 12th-century chatri, Jaisalmir
+File:Bada Bagh 03.jpg|Bada Bagh at Jaisalmer
+File:Chhatri at Rajgarh.jpg|Chhatri at Rajgarh, Rajasthan
+File:Cenotaph of Musi Maharani.jpg|Moosi Rani Ki Chhatri, [[Alwar]]
+File:Barah Khamba Gumbat, Hindaun.jpg|Barah Khamba Chhatri at [[Jalsen Talab]] in [[Hindaun]]
+</gallery>
 ===In Shekhawati===
-Some of the best-known chhatris in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan are located at the following cities and towns:
+Some of the best-known chhatri in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan are located in the following cities and towns:
 *[[Ramgarh, Rajasthan|Ramgarh]] – Ram Gopal Poddar Chhatri
@@ Line 49: / Line 52: @@
 ==In Madhya Pradesh==
 [[File:Chhatri of Vithoji 03.jpg|thumb|upright|Chhatri of [[Vithoji Rao Holkar|Vithoji]] in [[Maheshwar]].]]
-The region of [[Madhya Pradesh]] is the site of several other notable chhatris of its famous [[Maratha]] rulers:
+The region of [[Madhya Pradesh]] is the site of several other notable chhatri of its famous [[Maratha]] rulers:
 *[[Shujalpur]] – Tomb of [[Ranoji Scindia]], founder of the Scindia dynasty. Situated at Ranoganj, Shujalpur to [[Akodia]] Road.
-*[[Shivpuri]] – Intricately embellished marble chhatris erected by Scindia rulers in Shivpuri.
+*[[Shivpuri]] – Intricately embellished marble chhatri erected by Scindia rulers in Shivpuri.
 *[[Gwalior]] – Shrimati Balabai Maharaj Ladojirao Shitole Chhatri
 *[[Gwalior]] – Rajrajendra Ramchandrarao Narsingh Shitole and wife Gunwantyaraje Ramchandrarao Shitole (princess of Gwalior) Chatri
-*[[Orchha]] – Elaborate chhatris of local Hindu kings
+*[[Orchha]] – Elaborate chhatri of local [[Hindu king]]s
 *[[Gohad]] – The Jat rulers of Gohad constructed the chhatri of [[Maharaja Bhim Singh Rana]] on the Gwalior Fort.
-*[[Indore]] and [[Maheshwar]] – Chhatris of [[Holkar]] rulers.
+*[[Indore]] and [[Maheshwar]] – Chhatri of [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] rulers.
 *[[Alampur, Madhya Pradesh|Alampur]] – Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar built the chhatri of Malhar Rao Holkar at Alampur in Bhind district in 1766.
 {|
 |-
 |
 [[File:Indore Krishnapura Chhatri.JPG|thumb|150px|[[Krishnapura Chhatri]], [[Indore]]]]
-| [[Image:Chhatri Indore.JPG|thumb|150px|Bolia Maharaj Ki Chhatri, [[Indore]]]]
+| [[File:Chhatri Indore.JPG|thumb|150px|Bolia Maharaj Ki Chhatri, [[Indore]]]]
 | [[File:Krishnapura Chhatri on Khan Riverbank.JPG|thumb|150px|Krishnapura Chhatri, [[Indore]]]]
 | [[File:Krishnapura Chhatri from inside.JPG|thumb|140px|Inside view of Krishnapur Chhatri, [[Indore]]]]
@@ Line 70: / Line 73: @@
 ==Mughal architecture==
-''Chhatri'' were features in many buildings of [[Mughal architecture]]:
+[[File:Dome Chhatris Spires - Taj Mahal - Agra 2014-05-14 3805.JPG|left|thumb|Dome-Shaped Chhatris Spires on the [[Taj Mahal]].]]
-*The [[Panch Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri]] is crowned with a domed ''chhatri'' that overlooks the men's area.<ref name=panchmahal>{{cite book|author=Andrew Petersen|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture|date=11 March 2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eIaEAgAAQBAJ&q=chatri+pavilion+islamic+architecture&pg=PA83|page=83|isbn=9781134613663}}</ref>
+Chhatri were features in many buildings of [[Mughal architecture]]:
+*The [[Taj Mahal]] has four Chhatris surrounding the Main Dome
+*[[Humayun's Tomb]] has several Chhatris near the dome.
+*The [[Panch Mahal, Fatehpur Sikri]] is crowned with a domed chhatri that overlooks the men's area.<ref name="panchmahal">{{cite book|author=Andrew Petersen|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture|date=11 March 2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eIaEAgAAQBAJ&q=chatri+pavilion+islamic+architecture&pg=PA83|page=83|isbn=9781134613663}}</ref>
 ==In Kutch==
 [[File:Rao Lakhaji Chhatri.JPG|thumb|Rao Lakhaji Chhatri [[Bhuj]]]]
-Chhatris can also be found in the outskirts of [[Bhuj]] city belonging mainly to [[Jadeja]] rulers of Kutch. The chhatri of Rao Lakhpatji is very famous for its intricate designs & carvings. Most of them but have been destroyed in the [[2001 Gujarat earthquake]]. The restoration work is going on.
+Chhatri can also be found in the outskirts of [[Bhuj]] city belonging mainly to [[Jadeja]] rulers of Kutch. The chhatri of Rao Lakhpatji is very famous for its intricate designs and carvings. Most of them but have been destroyed in the [[2001 Gujarat earthquake]]. The restoration work is going on.
 ==Outside India==
 [[File:Tomb of Raja Rammohun Roy in Arnos Vale Cemetery, Bristol, England.jpg|thumb|Chhatri of [[Ram Mohan Roy]] in [[Arnos Vale Cemetery]], Bristol, England]]
-There are two notable chhatris in the [[United Kingdom]], a country with strong historical links to India. One is a [[Chattri (Brighton)|cenotaph in Brighton]], dedicated to the Indian soldiers who died in the [[First World War]].
+There are two notable chhatri in the [[United Kingdom]], a country with strong historical links to India. One is a [[Chattri (Brighton)|cenotaph in Brighton]], dedicated to the Indian soldiers who died in the [[First World War]].
 The other is in [[Arnos Vale Cemetery]] near [[Bristol]] and is a memorial to the distinguished Indian reformer [[Raja Ram Mohan Roy]], who died in that city.
+== Major Chhattris ==
+[[File:Rashtrapati Bhavan.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Chhatari of [[Rashtrapati Bhavan|President's House]]]]
+[[File:Cenotaph of Musi Maharani.jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|Chhatri of Musi Rani of [[Alwar]]]]
+'''84 Khambho ki Chhatri'''- memorial of Shatrusal (1631 AD), [[Bundi district|Bundi]] ruler - contemporary of [[Shah Jahan]] . Built in the memory of Rao Raja Aniruddh Singh's nursemaid Deva, near Devpura village of [[Bundi district|Bundi]] .
+=== Chhataris of Kesarbagh ===
+Kesarbagh, located about 4-5 kilometers from [[Bundi district|Bundi]], has 66 chhatris of rulers of [[Bundi district|Bundi]] and royal families. The oldest among these is chhatri of Maharaj Kumar Dadu and the newest is the chhatri of Maharaja Raja Vishnu Singh.
+=== Musi Maharani ki chhatri ===
+Their canopy is located in [[Rajasthan]]'s [[Alwar|Alvar]] The canopy of 60 the pillars of Hindu architecture on the south side of Sagar below the Bala Durg was built in the memory of the Musi Queen of Maharaja Bakhtar Singh during the period of Maharaja Vinay Singh. The upper storey of this canopy, built of white marble and red sandstone, is also decorated with mural paintings depicting scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
+=== Chhataris of Tehla ===
+These chhatris are also located in Alwar district of Rajasthan.
+The Mishraji Chhatri located here is particularly renowned; it was constructed around 1432 CE.
+The dome of this chhatri is supported by eight upright, square pillars. The distinguishing feature of this chhatri is the unparalleled ornamentation of its mural paintings.
 ==See also==
 *[[Cenotaph]]
-*[[Jaswant Ki Chhatri]]
 *[[Chahartaq (architecture)]]
 *[[Cupola]]
-{{For|the memorial to Indian soldiers in Brighton, England|Chattri, Brighton}}
+*[[Jaswant Ki Chhatri]]
+*[[Roof lantern]]
+*[[Chattri, Brighton]], a memorial to Indian soldiers
 ==References==
@@ Line 102: / Line 131: @@
 {{Coord missing|Rajasthan}}
-[[Category:Rajasthani architecture]]
+[[Category:Architecture of Rajasthan]]
-[[Category:Architecture of India]]
+[[Category:Architecture in India]]
 [[Category:Maratha architecture]]
-[[Category:Mughal architecture]]
+[[Category:Mughal architecture elements]]
-[[Category:Architectural elements]]
 [[Category:Monuments and memorials in India]]
 [[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]