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{{Short description|Poet of the Sangam period}} | |||
{{Sangam literature}} | {{Sangam literature}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} | ||
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==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Paranar belonged to the Paanar caste. He was the friend of [[Kapilar]]{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=442}} and [[Nakkirar I]].{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=243}} He has sung various kings, namely, Kadal Pirakkottiya Senguttuvan, Cholan Uruvapatrer Ilanchet Senni, Cheraman Kadalottiya Velkelu Kuttuvan, Kudakko Neduncheralaadhan, and Cholan Verpatradakkai Perunarkilli.{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=243}} | Paranar belonged to the [[Tamil Panar|Paanar]] caste. He was the friend of [[Kapilar]]{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=442}} and [[Nakkirar I]].{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=243}} He has sung various kings, namely, Kadal Pirakkottiya Senguttuvan, Cholan Uruvapatrer Ilanchet Senni, Cheraman Kadalottiya Velkelu Kuttuvan, Kudakko Neduncheralaadhan, and Cholan Verpatradakkai Perunarkilli.{{sfn| Kowmareeshwari |2012|p=243}} | ||
==Contribution to the Sangam literature== | ==Contribution to the Sangam literature== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{refbegin}} | ||
*{{cite book | last = Kowmareeshwari | *{{cite book | editor-last = Kowmareeshwari | editor-first = S. | title = Kurunthogai, Paripaadal, Kalitthogai | publisher = Saradha Pathippagam | series = Sanga Ilakkiyam | volume = 2 | edition = 1 | date = August 2012 | location = Chennai | pages = 442 | language = ta }} | ||
*{{cite book | last = Kowmareeshwari | *{{cite book | editor-last = Kowmareeshwari | editor-first = S. | title = Agananuru, Purananuru | publisher = Saradha Pathippagam | series = Sanga Ilakkiyam | volume = 3 | edition = 1 | date = August 2012 | location = Chennai | pages = 243 | language = ta |ref={{sfnRef| Kowmareeshwari, 2012}}}} | ||
*{{cite book | last = Vedanayagam | first = Rama | title =Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum | publisher = Manimekalai Prasuram | edition = 1 | date = 2017 | location = Chennai | pages =17 | language = ta | *{{cite book | last = Vedanayagam | first = Rama | title =Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum | publisher = Manimekalai Prasuram | edition = 1 | date = 2017 | location = Chennai | pages =17 | language = ta }} | ||
* {{cite book |author=Edward Jewitt Robinson |title=Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings |url=https://archive.org/details/tamilwisdomtradi0000robi|year=2001 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location = New Delhi|ref={{sfnRef|Robinson, 2001}}}} | * {{cite book |author=Edward Jewitt Robinson |title=Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings |url=https://archive.org/details/tamilwisdomtradi0000robi|year=2001 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |location = New Delhi|ref={{sfnRef|Robinson, 2001}}}} | ||
{{ | {{refend}} | ||
{{Tamil language}} | {{Tamil language}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:05, 1 March 2026
Paranar (Tamil: பரணர்) (c. 1st century CE) was a poet of the Sangam period, to whom 84 verses of the Sangam literature have been attributed, besides verse 6 of the Tiruvalluva Maalai.[1]
Biography[edit | edit source]
Paranar belonged to the Paanar caste. He was the friend of Kapilar[2] and Nakkirar I.[3] He has sung various kings, namely, Kadal Pirakkottiya Senguttuvan, Cholan Uruvapatrer Ilanchet Senni, Cheraman Kadalottiya Velkelu Kuttuvan, Kudakko Neduncheralaadhan, and Cholan Verpatradakkai Perunarkilli.[3]
Contribution to the Sangam literature[edit | edit source]
Paranar has written about 85 verses, including 17 in Kurunthogai, 12 in Natrinai, 32 in Agananuru, 13 in Purananuru, 10 in Pathitrupathu, and 1 in Tiruvalluva Maalai.[2]
By praising the Chera king Senguttuvan, Paranar received Udambarkaattu Vaari and his son prince Kuttuvan Cheral as 'present'.[2]
Views on Valluvar and the Kural[edit | edit source]
Paranar opines about Valluvar and the Kural text thus:[4]
Māl (Vishnu) in his Cural (or dwarfish incarnation) measured the whole earth with his two expanded feet; but Valluvar has measured the thoughts of all mankind with his (stanza of) two short feet. [Emphasis in original]
See also[edit | edit source]
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Vedanayagam 2017, p. 17.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Kowmareeshwari 2012, p. 442.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kowmareeshwari 2012, p. 243.
- ↑ Robinson, 2001, p. 25.
References[edit | edit source]
- Kowmareeshwari, S., ed. (August 2012). Kurunthogai, Paripaadal, Kalitthogai. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in தமிழ்). Vol. 2 (1 ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam. p. 442.
- Kowmareeshwari, S., ed. (August 2012). Agananuru, Purananuru. Sanga Ilakkiyam (in தமிழ்). Vol. 3 (1 ed.). Chennai: Saradha Pathippagam. p. 243.
- Vedanayagam, Rama (2017). Tiruvalluva Maalai: Moolamum Eliya Urai Vilakkamum (in தமிழ்) (1 ed.). Chennai: Manimekalai Prasuram. p. 17.
- Edward Jewitt Robinson (2001). Tamil Wisdom: Traditions Concerning Hindu Sages and Selections from Their Writings. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.