List of Manipuri kings: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Aspect of History}}
{{short description|List of rulers of Indian state of Manipur}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Kingdom of Manipur}}
{{Kingdom of Manipur}}
[[File:IN-MN.svg|thumb|Location of [[Manipur]] in [[Republic of India]] ]]


List of Monarchs that ruled the [[Kingdom of Manipur]] ''(present state of Manipur in northeast India)'' have been recorded in Court Chronicles of the Kings of Manipur (''[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]])''<ref>{{Cite book|title=The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|others=Parratt, Saroj Nalini.|isbn=0-203-44427-2|location=London|oclc=252763470}}</ref>''.''
This is a list of monarchs that ruled the [[Kingdom of Manipur]] (present-day [[Manipur state]]) as they are recorded in the ''Royal Chronicle of Manipur'' (''[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]]'').<ref>{{Cite book|title=The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|others=Parratt, Saroj Nalini.|isbn=0-203-44427-2|location=London|oclc=252763470}}</ref> The Chronicle was reconstructed during the 18th century, with unknown provenance of the earlier sections and, according to scholars, its historicity is assured only for the portions after 1485.<ref>{{citation |last=Samrat |title=Notion States: The many nationalisms colliding in the Manipur violence |date=17 June 2023 |magazine=The Caravan |url=https://caravanmagazine.in/conflict/many-nationalisms-colliding-manipur-violence}}</ref>
 
[[File:IN-MN.svg|thumb|Location of [[Manipur]] in [[Republic of India]] ]]
{{See|Manipur|History of Manipur|India}}


The Kingdom of ''[[Kangleipak]]'' with written constitution was established in 1110 by Loiyumba, who a local tribal ruler who incorporated most neighboring principalities.<ref name="PT">Phanjoubam Tarapot, ''Bleeding Manipur'', Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) {{ISBN|978-8124109021}}</ref> The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king Khagemba (1597–1652). In 1714, a king named Pamheiba adopted [[Hinduism]]. He adopted the name Gharib Nawaz, and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as ''Manipur'' (Sanskrit for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was [[Burmese invasions of Assam|conquered by Burma]] in 1819, and became a princely state within the [[British Raj]] in 1821. On 11 August 1947, Manipur Maharajah Bodhchandra singh signed [[The Instrument of Accession]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Instrument_of_Accession_and_Standstill_Agreement_of_Manipur_to_Dominion_of_India.pdf</ref> agreeing to accede defense, communication and external affairs to [[Dominion of India| Union of India]] on the assurance of autonomy of Manipur  and further signed a merger agreement in October 1949 which is disputed to be an agreement made under duress.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-OoCgAAQBAJ&q=Manipur+signing+instrument+of+accession+and+conflict&pg=PT44|title=State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India|date=2015-10-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-39650-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Kunal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LoYEAAAQBAJ&q=manipur+merger+agreement+conflict&pg=PT87|title=Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia|date=2021-02-28|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37161-1|language=en}}</ref> It then became a part C state of the [[Republic of India]] in 1949 which is further upgraded to union territory in 1956 and a full fledged state in 1972.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roy|first=Kaushik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEBBDgAAQBAJ&q=instrument+of+accession+granted+autonomy+to+manipur&pg=PT187|title=Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017-03-02|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-87709-1|language=en}}</ref>
The Kingdom of ''[[Kangleipak]]'' with written constitution was established in 1110 CE by [[Loiyumba]], ruler of [[Kangleipak State]] who incorporated most neighboring principalities.<ref name="PT">Phanjoubam Tarapot, ''Bleeding Manipur'', Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) {{ISBN|978-8124109021}}</ref> The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king [[Khagemba]] (1597–1652 CE). In 1714, a king named [[Pamheiba]] adopted [[Hinduism]]. He adopted the name [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]], and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as "Manipur" ([[Sanskrit]] for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was [[Burmese invasions of Assam|conquered by Burma]] in 1819 CE, and became a [[Princely State]] within the [[British Raj]] in 1825 CE till 1947 CE.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Kunal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LoYEAAAQBAJ&q=manipur+merger+agreement+conflict&pg=PT87|title=Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia|date=2021-02-28|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-000-37161-1|language=en}}</ref>


==Ancient kings==
On 11 August 1947 CE, Maharajah of Manipur [[Bodhchandra Singh]] signed the [[Instrument of Accession]]<ref>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/Bharatpedia/commons/b/b0/Instrument_of_Accession_and_Standstill_Agreement_of_Manipur_to_Dominion_of_India.pdf Instrument of accession of ruler of Manipur state]</ref> joining the [[Dominion of India|Union of India]] while retaining internal autonomy. In October 1949, he further signed a merger agreement with India allegedly under coercion.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Subramanian|first=K. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-OoCgAAQBAJ&q=Manipur+signing+instrument+of+accession+and+conflict&pg=PT44|title=State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India|date=2015-10-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-39650-5|language=en}}</ref> Manipur then became a part C state of the [[Republic of India]] governed by the [[Constitution of India]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Roy|first=Kaushik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PEBBDgAAQBAJ&q=instrument+of+accession+granted+autonomy+to+manipur&pg=PT187|title=Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present|date=2017-03-02|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-87709-1|language=en}}</ref>


A number of legendary kings are mentioned in the [[Cheitharol Kumbaba|Royal Chronicle]], written down in the 19th century.''<ref>"The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.</ref>''
== Ancient Rulers ==
{{main|Cheitharol Kumbaba}}


The Cheitharol Kumbaba begins with '''Nongda Lairen Pakhangba''' ([[Ningthouja dynasty]]).
The most important source of ancient history and rulers of Manipur are mentioned in the "[[Cheitharol Kumbaba|Royal Chronicle]]", written in the 19th century.<ref>"The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.</ref>


===Khapa-Nganpa Salai===
;List of ancient rulers of Manipur-<ref>[https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/meiteikings.html#Great%20Historical%20Gap%20%201199-44%20B.C%20%20199-1354/articleshow/ The Chronicle of the Meitei Kings of Manipur], ''A HISTORICAL RESEARCH OF MANIPURI KINGS & CLANS'' (themanipurpage.tripod.com)</ref>


*Taang-chaa Leela Pakhangpa
=== Proto-Meitei rulers ===
(1445–1405 BCE)
*  Taangja Leelaa Paakhangba (1445–1405 BCE)
*Kangba
* Ningthou Kangba (1405–1359 BCE)
(1405–1359 BCE)
* Maliya Fambaalchaa (1359–1329 BCE)
*Maliya Fampalcha
* Ningthou Kaksuba (1329–1297 BCE)
(1359–1329 BCE) ''(epoch of the Meitei calendar)''
* Ningthou Tonkonba (1297–1276 BCE)
*Kaksu Tonkonpa
* Ningthou Pottingkoi (1276–1251 BCE)
(1329 BCE)
* Ningthou Laanbicha (1251–1229 BCE)
*Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa
* Ningthou Sapaiba (1229–1209 BCE)
(934 BCE)
* Ningthou Puthiba (1209–1199 BCE)
*Samlungpha
(44–34 BCE)
*Chingkhong Poireiton
(34–18 BCE)
*Singtabung
(18–8 BCE)
*Paangminnaba
(8–1 BCE)


===Luwang Salai===
=== Great Historical Gap ===
Great Historical Gap was lasted from 1199 to 44 BCE for a time period of 1155 years, According to Meitei epoch, it's time period was 199–1354.
''Known rulers of Great Historical Gap are:''
* Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa (934 BCE)
*Khoiyum Ingouba
*Khing Khing Laangba
*Ngaangjeng Leitakpa
*Khing Khing Ngaangba
*Sana Manik
*Toukai Ngamba
*Tingkoi Ngamba
*Korou Nongdren Paakhangba
*Sentreng (and Kuptreng the elder)
*Mechi Sanaa
*Khuman Lalheiba
*Ahong Ningthou Haanba
*Ninghthou Kaangba
*Lamyaingamba


*Luwang Khunthipa (1–5 CE)
=== Continuity of Khuman and Luwang lineage ===
*Luwang Punshipa (5–33 CE)
* Heirongang Thanganglen
* Chingkhong Poireiton (and Thawaren/Thongaren the elder who got the ancestral land)
* Singtabung


===Ningthoucha===
== Luwang Salai clan rulers ==
* Pamingnapa (and Aarong the brother, who became Khuman)


*Nongta Lailen Pakhangpa (33–154 CE)
*Luwang Khunthipa
*Khuiyoi Tompok (154-264 CE)
*Luwang Punshipa
*Taothingmang (264-364 CE)
*Khui Ningonba (364-379 CE)
*Pengsipa (379-394 CE)
*Kaokhangpa (394-411 CE)
*Naokhampa (411-428 CE)
*Naophangpa (428-518 CE)
*Sameilang (518-568 CE)
*Urakonthoupa (568-658 CE)
*Naothingkhon (663-763 CE)
*Khongtekcha (763-773 CE)
*Keilencha (784-799 CE)
* Yalaba (799-821 CE)
* Ayangpa (821-910 CE)
* Ningthoucheng (910-949 CE)
* Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthapa (949-969 CE)
* Keiphaba Yanglon (969-984 CE)
* Irengba (984-1074 CE)


==Kangleipak State==
== Mangang dynasty (33–1972 CE) ==
{{Main|Kangleipak State}}
{{main|Ningthouja dynasty|Mangang}}


# [[Loiyumba|Loiyumpa ]](1074-1112)
The "[[Cheitharol Kumbaba]]" begins with '''Nongda Lairen Pakhangba''' (Ningthouja dynasty).
# [[Loitongpa]] (1112-1150)
# [[Atom Yoilempa]] (1150-1163)
# [[Iyanthapa ]](1163-1195)
# [[Thayanthapa]] (1195-1231)
# [[Chingthang Lanthapa]] (1231-1242)
# [[Thingpai Shelhongpa]] (1242-1247)
# [[Pulanthapa]] (1247-1263)
# [[Khumompa]] (1263-1278)
# [[Moilampa]] (1278-1302)
# [[Thangpi Lanthapa]] (1302-1324)
# [[Kongyampa]] (1324-1335)
# [[Telheipa]] (1335-1355)
# [[Tonapa]] (1355-1359)
# [[Tapungpa]] (1359-1394)
# [[Lailenpa]] (1394-1399)
# [[Punsipa]] (1404-1432)
# [[Ningthoukhompa]] (1432-1467)
# [[Senpi Kiyampa]] (1467-1508)
# [[Koilempa]] (1508-1512)
# [[Lamkhyampa]] (1512-1523)
# [[Nonginphapa]] (1523-1524)
# [[Kapompa]] (1524-1542)
# [[Tangchampa]] (1542-1545)
# [[Chalampa]] (1545-1562)
# [[Mungyampa]] (1562-1597)
# [[Khagemba|Khaki Ngampa]](1597-1652)
# [[Khunchaopa]] (1652-1666)
# [[Paikhompa]] (1666-1697)
# [[Pitambar Charairongba|Charairongba]] (1697-1709)
# [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]] (Ningthem Pamheipa) (1709-1754), adoption of the name ''Manipur''
# [[Chitsai|Chit Sain]] (1754-1756)
# [[Gaurisiam]] (1756-1763)
# [[Ching-Thang Khomba]] (Bhagya Chandra) (1764-1798)
# [[Rohinchandra]] (Harshachandra Singh) (1798-1801)
# [[Maduchandra Singh]] (1801-1806)
# [[Charajit Singh]] (1806-1812)
# [[Marjit Singh]] (1812-1819), brother of Charajit, came to power with Burmese support


==Burmese rule==
* [[Nongdā Lāiren Pākhangba]] (33–154 CE),  founder of dynasty
* Khuiyoi Tompok (154–264 CE)
* Taothingmang (264–364 CE)
* Khui Ningomba (364–379 CE)
* Pengsiba (379–394 CE)
* Kaokhangba (394–411 CE)
* Naokhamba (411–428 CE)
* Naophangba (428–518 CE)
* Sameirang (518–568 CE)
* Urakonthouba (568–658 CE)
* Naothingkhong (663–763 CE)
* Khongtekcha (763–773 CE)
* Keirencha (784–799 CE)
* Yaraba (799–821 CE)
* Ayangba (821–910 CE)
* Ningthoucheng (910–949 CE)
* Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthaba (949–969 CE)
* Keiphaba Yanglon (969–984 CE)
* Irengba (984–1074 CE)
* [[Loiyumba]] (1074–1122 CE), he provided the Meetei kingdom with a written constitution which is known as the '''[[Loiyumpa Silyel|Loiyumpa Silyel (Loiyumba Sinyen)]]'''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=KSHETRIMAYUM|first=JOGENDRO|date=2009|title=Shooting the Sun: A Study of Death and Protest in Manipur|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25663656|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=44|issue=40|pages=48–54|jstor=25663656 |quote=Loiyamba Shinyen (ls), considered the first writ ten constitution of Manipur (Kabui 1988; Naorem 1988). Dated to 1110 ad, it was written during the reign of Loiyamba or Loiyumba|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>
* [[Loitongba]] (1122–1150 CE)
* [[Atom Yoiremba]] (1150–1163 CE)
* Iwanthaba (1163–1195 CE)
* Thawanthaba (1195–1231 CE)
* Chingthang Lanthaba (1231–1242 CE)
* Thingbai Shelhongba (1242–1247 CE)
* Puranthaba (–1263 CE)
* Khumomba (1263–1278 CE)
* Moiramba (1278–1302 CE)
* Thangbi Lanthaba (1302–1324 CE)
* Kongyamba (1324–1335 CE)
* Telheiba (1335–1355 CE)
* Tonaba (1355–1359 CE)
* Tabungba (1359–1394 CE)
* Lairenba (1394–1399 CE)
* Punsiba (1404–1432 CE)
* Ningthoukhomba (1432–1467 CE)
* Senbi Kiyamba (1467–1508 CE)
* Koiremba (1508–1512 CE)
* Lamkyamba (1512–1523 CE)
* Nonginphaba (1523–1524 CE)
* Kabomba (1524–1542 CE)
* Tangjamba (1542–1545 CE)
* Chalamba (1545–1562 CE)
* Mungyamba (1562–1597 CE)
* [[Khagemba]](1597–1652 CE)
* Khunjaoba (1652–1666 CE)
* Paikhomba (1666–1697 CE)
* Charairongba (1697–1709 CE)
* [[Gharib Nawaz (Manipur)|Gharib Nawaz]] (Pamheiba) (1709–1748 CE), adopted name of '''Manipur'''
* [[Ajit Sai|Chitsai]] (1748–1751 CE)
* [[Bharatsai]] (1752 CE)
* [[Goura Shyam|Gaurisiam]] (1753-1759 CE and 1761-1763 CE)
* [[Bhagya Chandra]] (Ching-Thang Khomba) (1759-1760 CE and 1763–1798 CE)
* [[Rabinchandra]] (Harshachandra, Labanyachandra) (1798–1801 CE), son of Bhagya Chandra
* [[Madhuchandra]] (1801–1806 CE), brother of Rabinchandra
* [[Charajit Singh]] (1806–1812 CE), brother of Madhuchandra
* [[Marjit Singh]] (1812–1819 CE), brother of Charajit Singh, vassal of Burma ([[Alaungpaya]])
* [[Herachandra]] (1819 CE), son of Rabinchandra


There were two feudatory kings during the time of the Burmese invasions, Herachandra (1819)
=== Burmese rule in Manipur (1819–1825 CE) ===
and Yumjaotaba (1820).
{{main|Chahi Taret Khuntakpa}}


[[Gambhir Singh]] ascended in April 1821 and was forced into exile in October of the same year. The Burmese forces placed a son-in-law of Gharib Niwaz, one Jai Singh, on the throne of Manipur. Jai Singh was shortly replaced by Shoobal Singh, a brother of Kara Singh.<ref>Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur (1958),[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.98685/page/n77 p. 61].</ref>
There were some feudatory kings during the time of the [[Chahi Taret Khuntakpa|Burmese invasions]].
<!--
Pitambar Singh, a nephew of Marjit, ousted the Burmese puppet ruler in 1822 but refused to hand over the kingdom. Gambhir Singh went to Manipur with a small force and defeated Pitambar, but Gambhir Singh, running out of supplies, was forced to return to exile to Cachar.


* Jadu Singh (Nongpok Chinslenkhomba) (1823){{cn}}
==== Rulers ====
* Raghab Singh (1823-1824){{cn}}
* [[Yumjaotaba]] (1820 CE), son of Madhuchandra
* Bhadra Singh (Nongchup Lamgaingamba) (r. April 1825 – June 1825){{cn}}
* [[Gambhir Singh]] (1821 CE, 6 months), brother of Marjit Singh
-->
* Jai Singh (1822 CE)
* [[Jadu Singh]] (Nongpok Chinslenkhomba) (1823 CE)  
* Raghab Singh (1823-1824 CE)
* [[Bhadrasing]] (1824 CE), father of Nara Singh


==Princely State (British Raj)==
=== Princely State of Manipur (1825–1947 CE) ===
{{main|Manipur (princely state)}}


* [[Gambhir Singh]] (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) (1825-1834), restored after the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]
==== Kings ====
: ''Regency'' for Chandrakirti Singh (1834-1850)
* [[Gambhir Singh]] (Chinglen Nongdrenkhomba) (1825–1834 CE), restored after the [[First Anglo-Burmese War]]
:* [[Nara Singh]] (1844-1850), son of Bhadra Singh
* ''Regency'' for [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1834–1850 CE)
:* [[Debendro Singh]] (1850), brother of Nara Singh
* [[Nara Singh]] (1844–1850 CE), son of Bhadra Singh
* [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1850-1886), son of Gambhir Singh
* [[Debendro Singh]] (1850 CE), brother of Nara Singh
* [[Surchandra Singh]] (1886-1890)
* [[Chandrakirti Singh]] (1850–1886 CE), son of Gambhir Singh
* [[Kulachandra Singh]] (1890-1891)
* [[Surchandra Singh]] (1886–1890 CE)
* [[Churachand Singh]] (1891-1941)
* [[Kulachandra Singh]] (1890–1891 CE)
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1941-1947), d. 1955
* [[Churachand Singh]] (1891–1918 CE)
*


== Sovereign State of Manipur ==


* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1947-1949), d. 1955<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_1|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_2|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 2|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_3|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 3|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
Military and Political power exercised by the general commanding British forces in Manipur


==Dominion of India and Republic of India==
=== Dominion of India and Republic of India ===


* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1949-1955), d. 1955<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/manipur/documents/papers/manipur_merger_agreement_1949.htm|title=Manipur Merger Agreement, 1949|website=www.satp.org|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>
==== Sovereign State of Manipur ====
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1947–1949 CE), last official ruler of Manipur<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.History_of_Manipur.Biography_of_His_Highness_Maharaja_Bodhachandra_Last_King_of_Manipur_Part_1|title=Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1|website=e-pao.net|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref>


After the death of [[Bodhchandra Singh]] in 1955, there have been two titular kings of Manipur:
==== Titular rulers ====
* [[Bodhchandra Singh]] (1949–1955 CE)
* [[Pareihanba Okendro]] (1955–1976 CE)
* [[Leishemba Sanajaoba]] (1976–present)


* [[Pareihanba Okendro]] (1955 - 1976)
== See also ==
* [[Leishemba Sanajaoba]] (1996 to present)<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/57635575.cms 'Royal' gamble by RSS pays off in Imphal valley], Times of India, 14 March 2014 ("The [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh|RSS]]'s move to involve the titular 'king' of Manipur, Meidingu Leishemba Sanajaoba, in Prime Minister Narendra Modi's poll campaign").</ref>
* [[Manipur]]
* [[History of Manipur]]
* [[Manipur (princely state)]]
* [[Meitei people]]
* [[Meitei calendar]]
* [[Hinduism in Manipur]]
* [[History of India]]
* [[List of Indian monarchs ]]


==References==
==References==
Line 150: Line 178:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Cite web|url=http://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html|title=A Brief history of the Meiteis of Manipur|last=nigombam|first=macks|website=themanipurpage.tripod.com}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html|title=A Brief history of the Meiteis of Manipur|last=nigombam|first=macks|website=themanipurpage.tripod.com}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesangaiexpress.com/tag/titular-king-leishemba-sanajaoba/|title=Titular king Leishemba Sanajaoba Archives - The Sangai Express|website=The Sangai Express|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-13}}
*{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesangaiexpress.com/tag/titular-king-leishemba-sanajaoba/|title=Titular king Leishemba Sanajaoba Archives - The Sangai Express|website=The Sangai Express|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-13}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Meitei Kings}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Meitei Kings}}
[[Category:Meitei royalty|*]]
[[Category:Kings of Manipur|*]]
[[Category:Lists of monarchs|Meitei]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian monarchs|Meitei]]

Latest revision as of 23:57, 22 October 2025


Kingdom of Manipur
Part of History of Manipur
Kings of Manipur
Loiyumba 1074-1112
Senbi Kiyamba 1467-1508
Koirengba 1508-1512
Khagemba 1597-1652
Pitambar Charairongba 1697–1709
Pamheiba 1720–1751
Gaurisiam 1752–1754
Chitsai 1754–1756
Ching-Thang Khomba 1769–1798
Rohinchandra 1798–1801
Maduchandra Singh 1801–1806
Chourjit Singh 1806–1812
Marjit Singh 1812–1819
Gambhir Singh 1825–1834
Raja Nara Singh 1844–1850
Debindro Singh 1850–1850
Chandrakirti Singh 1850–1886
Surachandra Singh 1886–1890
Kulachandra Singh 1890–1891
Churachandra Singh 1891–1941
Bodhchandra Singh 1941–1949
Manipur monarchy data
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Location of Manipur in Republic of India

This is a list of monarchs that ruled the Kingdom of Manipur (present-day Manipur state) as they are recorded in the Royal Chronicle of Manipur (Cheitharol Kumbaba).[1] The Chronicle was reconstructed during the 18th century, with unknown provenance of the earlier sections and, according to scholars, its historicity is assured only for the portions after 1485.[2]

The Kingdom of Kangleipak with written constitution was established in 1110 CE by Loiyumba, ruler of Kangleipak State who incorporated most neighboring principalities.[3] The Kangleipak kings expanded their territory, reaching their zenith under king Khagemba (1597–1652 CE). In 1714, a king named Pamheiba adopted Hinduism. He adopted the name Gharib Nawaz, and in 1724 renamed the kingdom as "Manipur" (Sanskrit for "abode of jewels"). Manipur was conquered by Burma in 1819 CE, and became a Princely State within the British Raj in 1825 CE till 1947 CE.[4]

On 11 August 1947 CE, Maharajah of Manipur Bodhchandra Singh signed the Instrument of Accession[5] joining the Union of India while retaining internal autonomy. In October 1949, he further signed a merger agreement with India allegedly under coercion.[6] Manipur then became a part C state of the Republic of India governed by the Constitution of India.[7]

Ancient Rulers[edit | edit source]

Main article: Cheitharol Kumbaba

The most important source of ancient history and rulers of Manipur are mentioned in the "Royal Chronicle", written in the 19th century.[8]

List of ancient rulers of Manipur-[9]

Proto-Meitei rulers[edit | edit source]

  • Taangja Leelaa Paakhangba (1445–1405 BCE)
  • Ningthou Kangba (1405–1359 BCE)
  • Maliya Fambaalchaa (1359–1329 BCE)
  • Ningthou Kaksuba (1329–1297 BCE)
  • Ningthou Tonkonba (1297–1276 BCE)
  • Ningthou Pottingkoi (1276–1251 BCE)
  • Ningthou Laanbicha (1251–1229 BCE)
  • Ningthou Sapaiba (1229–1209 BCE)
  • Ningthou Puthiba (1209–1199 BCE)

Great Historical Gap[edit | edit source]

Great Historical Gap was lasted from 1199 to 44 BCE for a time period of 1155 years, According to Meitei epoch, it's time period was 199–1354. Known rulers of Great Historical Gap are:

  • Koilou Nongtailen Pakhangpa (934 BCE)
  • Khoiyum Ingouba
  • Khing Khing Laangba
  • Ngaangjeng Leitakpa
  • Khing Khing Ngaangba
  • Sana Manik
  • Toukai Ngamba
  • Tingkoi Ngamba
  • Korou Nongdren Paakhangba
  • Sentreng (and Kuptreng the elder)
  • Mechi Sanaa
  • Khuman Lalheiba
  • Ahong Ningthou Haanba
  • Ninghthou Kaangba
  • Lamyaingamba

Continuity of Khuman and Luwang lineage[edit | edit source]

  • Heirongang Thanganglen
  • Chingkhong Poireiton (and Thawaren/Thongaren the elder who got the ancestral land)
  • Singtabung

Luwang Salai clan rulers[edit | edit source]

  • Pamingnapa (and Aarong the brother, who became Khuman)
  • Luwang Khunthipa
  • Luwang Punshipa

Mangang dynasty (33–1972 CE)[edit | edit source]

Main articles: Ningthouja dynasty and Mangang

The "Cheitharol Kumbaba" begins with Nongda Lairen Pakhangba (Ningthouja dynasty).

  • Nongdā Lāiren Pākhangba (33–154 CE), founder of dynasty
  • Khuiyoi Tompok (154–264 CE)
  • Taothingmang (264–364 CE)
  • Khui Ningomba (364–379 CE)
  • Pengsiba (379–394 CE)
  • Kaokhangba (394–411 CE)
  • Naokhamba (411–428 CE)
  • Naophangba (428–518 CE)
  • Sameirang (518–568 CE)
  • Urakonthouba (568–658 CE)
  • Naothingkhong (663–763 CE)
  • Khongtekcha (763–773 CE)
  • Keirencha (784–799 CE)
  • Yaraba (799–821 CE)
  • Ayangba (821–910 CE)
  • Ningthoucheng (910–949 CE)
  • Chenglei-Ipan-Lanthaba (949–969 CE)
  • Keiphaba Yanglon (969–984 CE)
  • Irengba (984–1074 CE)
  • Loiyumba (1074–1122 CE), he provided the Meetei kingdom with a written constitution which is known as the Loiyumpa Silyel (Loiyumba Sinyen).[10]
  • Loitongba (1122–1150 CE)
  • Atom Yoiremba (1150–1163 CE)
  • Iwanthaba (1163–1195 CE)
  • Thawanthaba (1195–1231 CE)
  • Chingthang Lanthaba (1231–1242 CE)
  • Thingbai Shelhongba (1242–1247 CE)
  • Puranthaba (–1263 CE)
  • Khumomba (1263–1278 CE)
  • Moiramba (1278–1302 CE)
  • Thangbi Lanthaba (1302–1324 CE)
  • Kongyamba (1324–1335 CE)
  • Telheiba (1335–1355 CE)
  • Tonaba (1355–1359 CE)
  • Tabungba (1359–1394 CE)
  • Lairenba (1394–1399 CE)
  • Punsiba (1404–1432 CE)
  • Ningthoukhomba (1432–1467 CE)
  • Senbi Kiyamba (1467–1508 CE)
  • Koiremba (1508–1512 CE)
  • Lamkyamba (1512–1523 CE)
  • Nonginphaba (1523–1524 CE)
  • Kabomba (1524–1542 CE)
  • Tangjamba (1542–1545 CE)
  • Chalamba (1545–1562 CE)
  • Mungyamba (1562–1597 CE)
  • Khagemba(1597–1652 CE)
  • Khunjaoba (1652–1666 CE)
  • Paikhomba (1666–1697 CE)
  • Charairongba (1697–1709 CE)
  • Gharib Nawaz (Pamheiba) (1709–1748 CE), adopted name of Manipur
  • Chitsai (1748–1751 CE)
  • Bharatsai (1752 CE)
  • Gaurisiam (1753-1759 CE and 1761-1763 CE)
  • Bhagya Chandra (Ching-Thang Khomba) (1759-1760 CE and 1763–1798 CE)
  • Rabinchandra (Harshachandra, Labanyachandra) (1798–1801 CE), son of Bhagya Chandra
  • Madhuchandra (1801–1806 CE), brother of Rabinchandra
  • Charajit Singh (1806–1812 CE), brother of Madhuchandra
  • Marjit Singh (1812–1819 CE), brother of Charajit Singh, vassal of Burma (Alaungpaya)
  • Herachandra (1819 CE), son of Rabinchandra

Burmese rule in Manipur (1819–1825 CE)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Chahi Taret Khuntakpa

There were some feudatory kings during the time of the Burmese invasions.

Rulers[edit | edit source]

  • Yumjaotaba (1820 CE), son of Madhuchandra
  • Gambhir Singh (1821 CE, 6 months), brother of Marjit Singh
  • Jai Singh (1822 CE)
  • Jadu Singh (Nongpok Chinslenkhomba) (1823 CE)
  • Raghab Singh (1823-1824 CE)
  • Bhadrasing (1824 CE), father of Nara Singh

Princely State of Manipur (1825–1947 CE)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Manipur (princely state)

Kings[edit | edit source]


Military and Political power exercised by the general commanding British forces in Manipur

Dominion of India and Republic of India[edit | edit source]

Sovereign State of Manipur[edit | edit source]

Titular rulers[edit | edit source]

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ The court chronicle of the kings of Manipur : the Cheitharon kumpapa : original text, translation, and notes. Parratt, Saroj Nalini. London: Routledge. 2005. ISBN 0-203-44427-2. OCLC 252763470.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ↑ Samrat (17 June 2023), "Notion States: The many nationalisms colliding in the Manipur violence", The Caravan
  3. ↑ Phanjoubam Tarapot, Bleeding Manipur, Har Anand Publications (30 July 2007) ISBN 978-8124109021
  4. ↑ Mukherjee, Kunal (28 February 2021). Race, Ethnicity and Religion in Conflict Across Asia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-37161-1.
  5. ↑ Instrument of accession of ruler of Manipur state
  6. ↑ Subramanian, K. S. (5 October 2015). State, Policy and Conflicts in Northeast India. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-39650-5.
  7. ↑ Roy, Kaushik (2 March 2017). Unconventional Warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the Present. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-87709-1.
  8. ↑ "The manuscripts collected by W. Yumjao Singh consist of literary, historical, astronomical, astrological and miscellaneous other works of which mention may be made of Cheitharon Kumbaba, the Ningthourol Shingkak, the Poireiton Khunthokpa, Dharani Samhita, Srimat Bhagabat. "The Cheitharol Kumbaba or the royal chronicle has been the most valuable for historical investigations, as it professes to record all the important daily transactions and occurrences of the State... By orders of Jai Singh this book was rewritten as the former copy was no more available then". "The Nigthourol Shingkak is a work written in the way of prediction. It professes to predict all important events that would happen from the time of Khagemba downward. It, therefore, professes to be a work of the early 17th century. It is an anonymous work, and in this book, we see for the first time Gharib Niwaz's having had some Naga connection in his childhood." Jyotirmoy Roy, History Of Manipur, 1958, p. 8.
  9. ↑ The Chronicle of the Meitei Kings of Manipur, A HISTORICAL RESEARCH OF MANIPURI KINGS & CLANS (themanipurpage.tripod.com)
  10. ↑ KSHETRIMAYUM, JOGENDRO (2009). "Shooting the Sun: A Study of Death and Protest in Manipur". Economic and Political Weekly. 44 (40): 48–54. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 25663656. Loiyamba Shinyen (ls), considered the first writ ten constitution of Manipur (Kabui 1988; Naorem 1988). Dated to 1110 ad, it was written during the reign of Loiyamba or Loiyumba
  11. ↑ "Biography of His Highness Maharaja Bodhachandra Last King of Manipur Part 1". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2 December 2019.

External links[edit | edit source]

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