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{{Hindu scriptures}} | {{Hindu scriptures}} | ||
: This article is about the Devīsūktam in the | : This article is about the Devīsūktam in the [[Ṛgveda]]. This is different from [[Devīsūktam (Chandipatha)|''Devisuktam/ Chandipath'']] in ''Durgāsaptaśatī'' of ''Mārkaṃḍeyapurāṇa''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/devi-sukta-or-vak-sukta-proclamation-by-the-primordial-goddess|title=Devi Suktam or Vak Suktam - Proclamation by the Primordial Goddess|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130052748/https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/devi-sukta-or-vak-sukta-proclamation-by-the-primordial-goddess |archive-date=2020-01-30 |access-date=}}</ref> | ||
The '''''{{IAST|Devīsūktam}}''''', also called the '''''{{IAST|Aṃbhṛnīsūktam}}''''', is the 125th ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' (hymn) occurring in the 10th mandala of the ''[[Rigveda|{{IAST|Ṛgveda}}]]''.<ref>Rao, P. Venkata (1955): {{IAST|Ṛgveda Saṃhitā}} with {{IAST| Sāyaṇa's bhāṣya}}, Vol. 30. {{IAST|Śṛī Śāradā}} Press, [[Mysore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]], (Published by The {{IAST|Mahāṛāja}} of Mysore, for free public perusal). p. 689</ref> In the present day, the ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' is popularly chanted during the worship of the ''{{IAST|[[Devi|Devī]]}}'' (Universal Goddess in any form), | The '''''{{IAST|Devīsūktam}}''''', also called the '''''{{IAST|Aṃbhṛnīsūktam}}''''', is the 125th ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' (hymn) occurring in the 10th mandala of the ''[[Rigveda|{{IAST|Ṛgveda}}]]''.<ref>Rao, P. Venkata (1955): {{IAST|Ṛgveda Saṃhitā}} with {{IAST| Sāyaṇa's bhāṣya}}, Vol. 30. {{IAST|Śṛī Śāradā}} Press, [[Mysore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]], (Published by The {{IAST|Mahāṛāja}} of Mysore, for free public perusal). p. 689</ref> In the present day, the ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' is popularly chanted during the worship of the ''{{IAST|[[Devi|Devī]]}}'' (Universal Goddess in any form), in the daily rituals of temples, and also in various Vedic sacrificial ceremonies like ''{{IAST|iṣti, hōma, havana}}'', etc. It is also chanted at the end of [[Devi Mahatmya|''{{IAST|Devīmāhātmya}}'']]. | ||
== Text's Sequential Index == | == Text's Sequential Index == | ||
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== Text and meaning == | == Text and meaning == | ||
The ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'', in its apparent, general sense, is the proclamation by the ''{{IAST|[[Devi|Devī]]}}'' of her own power, glory, pervasiveness, | The ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'', in its apparent, general sense, is the proclamation by the ''{{IAST|[[Devi|Devī]]}}'' of her own power, glory, pervasiveness, and actions. | ||
{{IAST|Sāyaṇācārya}}, in his commentary, states that {{IAST|Vāgāmbhṛṇī}}, ({{IAST|Vāk}}, the daughter of {{IAST|Ṛṣi Aṃbhṛṇa}}) | {{IAST|Sāyaṇācārya}}, in his commentary, states that {{IAST|Vāgāmbhṛṇī}}, ({{IAST|Vāk}}, the daughter of {{IAST|Ṛṣi Aṃbhṛṇa}}) – a ''{{IAST|brahmaviduṣi}}'' (one who has realized {{IAST|''Bṛahman''}}) – has eulogized herself in this ''{{IAST|sūkta}}''. {{IAST|Vāk}}, having dissolved her individuality – the ego – has hence identified herself with the ''{{IAST|Paramātman }}'' (''Brahman'' who is none other than the ''{{IAST|[[Devi|Devī]]}}''), the all pervasive ''{{IAST|saccidānañda}}'' (the indivisible Existence-Knowledge-Bliss-Absolute), and thus with all the forms in the universe and the functionaries thereof, has praised herself. | ||
Hence, she is the ''{{IAST|ṛṣikā }}'' of this ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' and also the ''{{IAST|devatā}}''.<ref> | Hence, she is the ''{{IAST|ṛṣikā }}'' of this ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'' and also the ''{{IAST|devatā}}''.<ref>Rao (1955), p. 690</ref> | ||
The 'I' {{IAST|Vāgāmbhṛṇī}} refers to, in the ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'', is no more the narrow, limited ego which identifies itself with the microcosmic body-mind complex. It is the illimitable, eternal, residual Pure Consciousness | The 'I' {{IAST|Vāgāmbhṛṇī}} refers to, in the ''{{IAST|sūkta}}'', is no more the narrow, limited ego which identifies itself with the microcosmic body-mind complex. It is the illimitable, eternal, residual Pure Consciousness – the Substratum of both the ego (subject) and the universe (object). | ||
Her words, perhaps, remain the boldest, uncompromising proclamations of the realisation of ''Advaitic'' (non-dualistic) Truth by any seer in the entire realm of the ''Veda''s. | Her words, perhaps, remain the boldest, uncompromising proclamations of the realisation of ''Advaitic'' (non-dualistic) Truth by any seer in the entire realm of the ''Veda''s. | ||
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[[File:Devisukta prathama shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta prathama shloka.png]] | ||
'''1. ''I proceed with the'' Rudras'', with the'' Vasu''s, with the ''{{IAST|Āditya}}''s and the ''{{IAST|Viśhvadeva}}''s; I support both'' Mitra ''and'' {{IAST|Varuṇa}}, Agni ''and'' {{IAST|Iñdra}}, ''and the two'' {{IAST|Aśvins}}.'''<ref> | '''1. ''I proceed with the'' Rudras'', with the'' Vasu''s, with the ''{{IAST|Āditya}}''s and the ''{{IAST|Viśhvadeva}}''s; I support both'' Mitra ''and'' {{IAST|Varuṇa}}, Agni ''and'' {{IAST|Iñdra}}, ''and the two'' {{IAST|Aśvins}}.'''<ref>Rao (1955), p. 692</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta corrected dwitiya shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta corrected dwitiya shloka.png]] | ||
'''2. ''I support the foe-destroying'' {{IAST|Tvaśtṛ, Pūśan}} ''and'' Bhaga; ''I bestow wealth upon the institutor of the rite offering the oblation'' (''havis'') - ''(who is) pouring forth the libation and deserving of careful protection''.''' <ref> | '''2. ''I support the foe-destroying'' {{IAST|Tvaśtṛ, Pūśan}} ''and'' Bhaga; ''I bestow wealth upon the institutor of the rite offering the oblation'' (''havis'') - ''(who is) pouring forth the libation and deserving of careful protection''.''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 693</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta tritiya shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta tritiya shloka.png]] | ||
'''''3. I am the sovereign queen (of all Existence), the collectress of treasures, cognizant of (the Supreme Being), the chief object of worship; as such, the gods have put me in many places, abiding in manifold conditions, entering into numerous (forms).'''''<ref> | '''''3. I am the sovereign queen (of all Existence), the collectress of treasures, cognizant of (the Supreme Being), the chief object of worship; as such, the gods have put me in many places, abiding in manifold conditions, entering into numerous (forms).'''''<ref>Rao (1955), p. 694 - 695</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta chaturtha shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta chaturtha shloka.png]] | ||
'''''4. He who eats food (eats) through me; he who sees, who breathes, who hears what is spoken, does so through me; those who are ignorant of me, perish; hearken who is capable of hearing, I tell you that which is deserving of belief.''''' <ref> | '''''4. He who eats food (eats) through me; he who sees, who breathes, who hears what is spoken, does so through me; those who are ignorant of me, perish; hearken who is capable of hearing, I tell you that which is deserving of belief.''''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 696</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta panchama shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta panchama shloka.png]] | ||
'''''5. I verily myself declare this which is approved of by both gods and men; whomsoever I choose, I render him an exalted one, make him a {{IAST|''ṛṣi''}}, make him'' Brahman ''or make him highly intelligent.''''' <ref> | '''''5. I verily myself declare this which is approved of by both gods and men; whomsoever I choose, I render him an exalted one, make him a {{IAST|''ṛṣi''}}, make him'' Brahman ''or make him highly intelligent.''''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 697</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta shashtha shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta shashtha shloka.png]] | ||
'''''6. I bend the bow (to fasten the bow string at its ends) for'' Rudra, ''to slay the tormenting,'' Brahman''-hating enemy. I wage war against (hostile) men (to protect the praying ones); I have pervaded the Heaven and earth.''''' <ref> | '''''6. I bend the bow (to fasten the bow string at its ends) for'' Rudra, ''to slay the tormenting,'' Brahman''-hating enemy. I wage war against (hostile) men (to protect the praying ones); I have pervaded the Heaven and earth.''''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 698</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta sapthama shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta sapthama shloka.png]] | ||
'''''7. I bring forth the paternal (heaven - abode of the manes) upon the crown (brows) of (this Supreme Being); my genesis is from the waters (cosmic - the all pervading Entity); from thence, I pervade through all beings and reach this heaven with my body.''''' <ref> | '''''7. I bring forth the paternal (heaven - abode of the manes) upon the crown (brows) of (this Supreme Being); my genesis is from the waters (cosmic - the all pervading Entity); from thence, I pervade through all beings and reach this heaven with my body.''''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 700</ref> | ||
[[File:Devisukta ashtama shloka.png]] | [[File:Devisukta ashtama shloka.png]] | ||
'''''8. I verily myself breathe forth like the wind, issuing out form to all the created worlds; beyond the heaven, beyond the world (I Exist eternally - beyond space & time) - so vast am I in my greatness.''''' <ref> | '''''8. I verily myself breathe forth like the wind, issuing out form to all the created worlds; beyond the heaven, beyond the world (I Exist eternally - beyond space & time) - so vast am I in my greatness.''''' <ref>Rao (1955), p. 703</ref> | ||
== Recitation == | == Recitation == | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
{{wikisource|The Rig Veda/Mandala 10/Hymn 125}} | {{wikisource|The Rig Veda/Mandala 10/Hymn 125}} | ||
*[http://www.vedarahasya.net/devisuk.htm ''{{IAST|Devīsūkta}}''] | *[http://www.vedarahasya.net/devisuk.htm ''{{IAST|Devīsūkta}}''] | ||
Latest revision as of 04:02, 7 February 2022
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- This article is about the Devīsūktam in the Ṛgveda. This is different from Devisuktam/ Chandipath in Durgāsaptaśatī of Mārkaṃḍeyapurāṇa.[1]
The Devīsūktam, also called the Aṃbhṛnīsūktam, is the 125th sūkta (hymn) occurring in the 10th mandala of the Ṛgveda.[2] In the present day, the sūkta is popularly chanted during the worship of the Devī (Universal Goddess in any form), in the daily rituals of temples, and also in various Vedic sacrificial ceremonies like iṣti, hōma, havana, etc. It is also chanted at the end of Devīmāhātmya.
Text's Sequential Index[edit | edit source]
The proper sequential occurrence of Devīsūkta, in the Ṛgveda text is:
Maṇḍala: X; Anuvāka: X; Sūkta: CXXV; Aṣtaka: VIII; Adhyāya: VII; Varga: XI, XII
Anukramaṇī (Indices of the seer, deity number of verses & metre)[edit | edit source]
Since tradition mandates that all the sūktas in the Vedas must specify the Ṛṣi (m.) or Ṛṣikā (fe.) (the sage who envisioned the sūkta), the devatā (deity being invoked), number of verses in it, and the chandah (metre of the verses), the same follows below:
Ṛṣikā:Vāgāmbhṛṇī; Devatā: Vāgāmbhṛṇī; chandah: this sūkta has eight ṛks (verses) of which ṛks 1 & 3-8 are in Tṛṣṭup chandah, and ṛk 2 is in Jagatī chandah.
This is one of the very few sūktas in the Ṛgveda for which the Ṛṣikā and devatā are one and the same.
Text and meaning[edit | edit source]
The sūkta, in its apparent, general sense, is the proclamation by the Devī of her own power, glory, pervasiveness, and actions.
Sāyaṇācārya, in his commentary, states that Vāgāmbhṛṇī, (Vāk, the daughter of Ṛṣi Aṃbhṛṇa) – a brahmaviduṣi (one who has realized Bṛahman) – has eulogized herself in this sūkta. Vāk, having dissolved her individuality – the ego – has hence identified herself with the Paramātman (Brahman who is none other than the Devī), the all pervasive saccidānañda (the indivisible Existence-Knowledge-Bliss-Absolute), and thus with all the forms in the universe and the functionaries thereof, has praised herself.
Hence, she is the ṛṣikā of this sūkta and also the devatā.[3]
The 'I' Vāgāmbhṛṇī refers to, in the sūkta, is no more the narrow, limited ego which identifies itself with the microcosmic body-mind complex. It is the illimitable, eternal, residual Pure Consciousness – the Substratum of both the ego (subject) and the universe (object).
Her words, perhaps, remain the boldest, uncompromising proclamations of the realisation of Advaitic (non-dualistic) Truth by any seer in the entire realm of the Vedas.
The Devīsūkta:[edit | edit source]
1. I proceed with the Rudras, with the Vasus, with the Ādityas and the Viśhvadevas; I support both Mitra and Varuṇa, Agni and Iñdra, and the two Aśvins.[4]
2. I support the foe-destroying Tvaśtṛ, Pūśan and Bhaga; I bestow wealth upon the institutor of the rite offering the oblation (havis) - (who is) pouring forth the libation and deserving of careful protection. [5]
3. I am the sovereign queen (of all Existence), the collectress of treasures, cognizant of (the Supreme Being), the chief object of worship; as such, the gods have put me in many places, abiding in manifold conditions, entering into numerous (forms).[6]
4. He who eats food (eats) through me; he who sees, who breathes, who hears what is spoken, does so through me; those who are ignorant of me, perish; hearken who is capable of hearing, I tell you that which is deserving of belief. [7]
5. I verily myself declare this which is approved of by both gods and men; whomsoever I choose, I render him an exalted one, make him a ṛṣi, make him Brahman or make him highly intelligent. [8]
6. I bend the bow (to fasten the bow string at its ends) for Rudra, to slay the tormenting, Brahman-hating enemy. I wage war against (hostile) men (to protect the praying ones); I have pervaded the Heaven and earth. [9]
7. I bring forth the paternal (heaven - abode of the manes) upon the crown (brows) of (this Supreme Being); my genesis is from the waters (cosmic - the all pervading Entity); from thence, I pervade through all beings and reach this heaven with my body. [10]
8. I verily myself breathe forth like the wind, issuing out form to all the created worlds; beyond the heaven, beyond the world (I Exist eternally - beyond space & time) - so vast am I in my greatness. [11]
Recitation[edit | edit source]
An audio recording of the recitation of the Devīsūkta:
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "Devi Suktam or Vak Suktam - Proclamation by the Primordial Goddess". Archived from the original on 2020-01-30.
- ↑ Rao, P. Venkata (1955): Ṛgveda Saṃhitā with Sāyaṇa's bhāṣya, Vol. 30. Śṛī Śāradā Press, Mysore, Karnataka, India, (Published by The Mahāṛāja of Mysore, for free public perusal). p. 689
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 690
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 692
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 693
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 694 - 695
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 696
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 697
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 698
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 700
- ↑ Rao (1955), p. 703