Thulung language: Difference between revisions

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'''Thulung''' or '''Thulung luwa ({{lang|tdh|थुलुङ लुवा}})''' is a Kirati ({{lang|ne|किराती}}) language or  Rai ({{lang|ne|किराती राई  भाषा}}) language spoken in parts of [[Nepal]] and [[Sikkim]]. It is also known as Thulunge Rai, Thulu Luwa, Thulung La, Thulung Jemu, and Toaku Lwa.
'''Thulung''' or '''Thulung luwa ({{lang|tdh|थुलुङ लुवा}})''' is a Kirati ({{lang|ne|किराती}}) language or  Rai ({{lang|ne|किराती राई  भाषा}}) language spoken in parts of [[Nepal]] and [[Sikkim]].
 
==Grammar==
Thulung has [[subject-object-verb]] word order and does not use [[grammatical number]]. Like many SOV languages, it uses [[Postposition|postpositions]], [[Genitive|genitives]] before nouns, and case suffixes. Thulung also places demonstratives and numerals before nouns.<ref>{{cite web |title=Language Thulung |url=https://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_thu |website=The World Atlas of Linguistic Structures Online |publisher=Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology |access-date=20 November 2020}}</ref>
==Vocabulary==
{| class="wikitable"
| {{lang|tdh|जाम}} ({{transl|tdh|Jaam}})  || food, rice
|-
| {{lang|tdh|केकु}} ({{transl|tdh|Keku}})  || curry
|-
| {{lang|tdh|म्युच्यु}} ({{transl|tdh|Mychyu}}) || people
|-
| {{lang|tdh|बेबे}} ({{transl|tdh|Bebe}})    || grandfather
|-
| {{lang|tdh|मिमी}} ({{transl|tdh|Mimi}})  || grandmother
|-
| {{lang|tdh|पाप}} ({{transl|tdh|Papa}})  || Father
|-
| {{lang|tdh|माम}} ({{transl|tdh|Maam}})  || Mother
|-
| {{lang|tdh|नानी}} ({{transl|tdh|nani}})  || ({{lang|tdh|दिदी}}) elder sister
|-
| {{lang|tdh|सानी}} ({{transl|tdh|Sani}})  || ({{lang|tdh|बैनी}}) little sister
|-
| {{lang|tdh|युम्पी}} ({{transl|tdh|Yumpi}})  || ({{lang|tdh|कान्छ}}) little sister
|-
| {{lang|tdh|निनी}} ({{transl|tdh|Ninee}})  || Aunt elder to dad
|-
| {{lang|tdh|देब्दे}} ({{transl|tdh|debde}})  || Uncle Elder to Dad
|-
| {{lang|tdh|चिसा}} ({{transl|tdh|chisa}})  ||Husband of mom's    brother in law
|-
| {{lang|tdh|वाआ}} ({{transl|tdh|Waa}})      ||  Elder Brother
|-
| {{lang|tdh|लक/ल्वाक}} ({{transl|tdh|Lwak}})  || Younger Brother
|-
| {{lang|tdh|रिवा}} ({{transl|tdh|Riwa}})  || solti
|-
| {{lang|tdh|रिमे}} ({{transl|tdh|Rime}})  || soltini
|-
| {{lang|tdh|वान्च्यो}} ({{transl|tdh|Wanchyo}}) || solti/soltini
|-
| {{lang|tdh|कुकु}} ({{transl|tdh|Kuku}})  || Mother's Brother
|-
| {{lang|tdh|खौलुङ/सोजाम}} ({{transl|tdh|Khaulung/Sozam}}) || money
|-
| {{lang|tdh|य}} ({{transl|tdh|Ye}})      || cloths
|-
| {{lang|tdh|कु}} ({{transl|tdh|Ku}})      || water
|-
| {{lang|tdh|मु}} ({{transl|tdh|Mu}})      || fire
|-
| {{lang|tdh|फुल}} ({{transl|tdh|phul}})  || flour
|-
| {{lang|tdh|बुङ्मा}} ({{transl|tdh|bungma}}) || flower
|-
| {{lang|tdh|लिसेर}} ({{transl|tdh|Liser}}) || Millet
|-
| {{lang|tdh|ग्वाल}} ({{transl|tdh|Gwal}})|| locally brew wine
|-
| {{lang|tdh|स्यो}} ({{transl|tdh|Syo}})    || meat
|-{{lang|tdh|पापकान्छा}} ({{transl|tdh|Paapkanchha}})=Youngest  brother of Father
|-{{lang|tdh|पापजेठा}} ({{transl|tdh|Paapjethaa}})=Eldest brother of Father
|}
 
==Geographical distribution==
Thulung is spoken in the following locations of Nepal, all of which are located in [[Province No. 1]] (''[[Ethnologue]]'').{{fact|date=August 2019}}
 
*Southeastern [[Solukhumbu District]]: [[Deusa]], [[Lokhim]], [[Mukli]], [[Jubu, Nepal|Jubu]], [[Tingla]], [[Salyan, Solukhumbu|Salyan]], [[Panchan, Nepal|Panchan]], and [[Necha]] VDC's
*[[Khotang District]]: [[Salle, Nepal|Salle]], [[Jaleswori]], [[Maheswori]] VDC's
*[[Okhaldhunga District]]: [[Kuibhir]] VDC (in 6 or 7 villages)
*[[Bhojpur District, Nepal|Bhojpur District]], [[Kosi Zone]]: 1 village
*West of the slopes’ highest ridges to [[Dudhkosi]], north of Nechedanda and Halesidanda ranges, east of upper Solu River, and south of the Kakukhola and the confluence of Ingkhukhola and Dudhkosi


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 00:12, 2 November 2021


Thulung थुलुङ
RegionNepalनेपाल, Indiaभारत
Native speakers
21,000 in Nepal (2011 census)[1]
Sino-Tibetan
Language codes
ISO 639-3tdh
Glottologthul1246

Thulung or Thulung luwa (थुलुङ लुवा) is a Kirati (किराती) language or Rai (किराती राई भाषा) language spoken in parts of Nepal and Sikkim.

References[edit]

  1. ↑ Thulung थुलुङ at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  • Lahaussois, Aimée (2002). Aspects of the Grammar of Thulung Rai: An Endangered Himalayan Language (Ph.D. thesis). University of California, Berkeley.
  • Nishi 西, Yoshio 義郎 (1989c). "トゥルン語" [Thulung, Thulunge, Thulungye, (LSI) Thūlung, Thulung Rai; Deusali]. In 亀井 Kamei, 孝 Takashi; 河野 Kōno, 六郎 Rokurō; 千野 Chino, 栄一 Eichi (eds.). 三省堂言語学大辞典 The Sanseido Encyclopaedia of Linguistics (in 日本語). Vol. 2. Tokyo: 三省堂 Sanseido Press. pp. 1269a–1278b. ISBN 4385152160.

External links[edit]

Template:Kiranti languages Template:Languages of Nepal

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